Pulley mechanism with self-protection function for elevator and elevator

Abstract

Provided are a pulley mechanism having a self-protection function for an elevator and an elevator, the pulley mechanism having a self-protection function for an elevator comprising: an axle mechanism comprising a pulley and a central shaft assembled coaxially with each other; the pulley and the central shaft are movably assembled through the first-stage bearing, and the first-stage bearing enables the pulley and the central shaft to have relative rotational degrees of freedom; the central shaft is assembled with the beam frame through the second-stage bearing, and the second-stage bearing enables the central shaft and the beam frame to have relative rotational degrees of freedom; the brake mechanism can limit the rotational degree of freedom between the central shaft and the beam frame; and when the relative rotational degree of freedom between the pulley and the central shaft cannot be realized by means of the first-stage bearing, the brake mechanism is separated from the central shaft, and the central shaft has the relative rotational degree of freedom with the beam frame by means of the second-stage bearing. In this way, the second-stage bearing can participate in rotation when necessary, and safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of elevators, and in particular to a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator and an elevator. Background Art

[0002] Elevators are a frequently used indoor transportation tool. The safety and reliability of each component of the elevator plays a key role in the normal use of the elevator and the personal safety of passengers. In particular, pulley mechanisms are widely used in vertical elevators. The counterweight anti-ropes are one of the pulleys. The counterweight anti-ropes refer to movable pulleys usually set on the upper part of the counterweight frame, which can form different traction ratios. The pulleys in the elevator are in contact with ropes (such as wire ropes). Many accidents of elevators are caused by accidental damage to the wheel bearings. However, sometimes the elevator continues to be used when the wheel axle is damaged, which causes the wheel axle to tilt after severe wear, and the wire rope is separated from the rope groove of the pulley. Since such faults cannot cause the elevator to stop running, it is not easy for maintenance personnel to detect it at the first time. In this way, the wire rope is broken by contact with the wheel axle and repeated friction, which eventually causes the wire rope to detach from the counterweight frame, causing the emergency braking of the car. If the emergency braking of the car fails to prevent the car from falling, it may cause injuries to passengers in the car and cause a greater accident.

[0003] Elevators currently on the market also have designs to prevent the wire rope from falling off the pulley, and there are also devices to monitor the wire rope from falling off the pulley. Although these designs can prevent the wire rope or rope pulley from falling off the counterweight frame, the premise for these designs to work is often: the bearing has been severely damaged, the pulley has tilted, the connection between the pulley and the shaft and the bearing has also been severely damaged, there has been severe wear between the wire rope and the pulley, the uneven force on both ends of the shaft has caused the counterweight frame to deform, and in severe cases, the guide rails in the elevator have even been squeezed and deformed. Although there may be no serious safety accidents in this case, the wire rope, wheel, shaft, counterweight frame, and guide rails often have varying degrees of deformation or damage. The component cost and labor cost of subsequent elevator maintenance are high, and the safety hazard period before the elevator maintenance still exists.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with the announcement number "CN108840191B" discloses a "deviation monitoring device". The device includes a first photoresistor and a second photoresistor arranged on the left and right sides of the composite steel belt of the elevator, and a resistance measuring device for detecting the resistance values ​​of the first photoresistor and the second photoresistor, and a deviation judgment device. The deviation judgment device judges whether the composite steel belt is deviating according to the detected resistance value. When the composite steel belt is in the correct working position, the photosensitive surfaces of the first photoresistor and the second photoresistor are completely blocked by the composite steel belt. When the composite steel belt deviates from its correct working position, at least a part of the photosensitive surface of one of the first photoresistor and the second photoresistor is not blocked by the composite steel belt, and the photosensitive surface of the other is completely blocked by the composite steel belt. In this way, it is possible to detect and monitor whether the composite steel belt is deviating in real time, thereby improving the safety performance of the elevator. The device utilizes a monitoring module to sense deviation or loosening accidents in the pulley mechanism of the elevator. However, during the period from the moment the pulley mechanism deviates or becomes loose to the time when personnel perform maintenance and replacement, the elevator may still be in operation, and safety during this period is not guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0005] This application is made in view of the above-mentioned state of the prior art. In a first aspect, this application provides a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present application includes: a wheel-axle mechanism, including a pulley and a central shaft coaxially assembled with each other; a primary bearing, through which the pulley and the central shaft are movably assembled, and the primary bearing enables the pulley and the central shaft to have relative rotational freedom; a secondary bearing, through which the central shaft is assembled with a beam, and the secondary bearing enables the central shaft and the beam to have relative rotational freedom; a brake mechanism, which can limit the rotational freedom between the central shaft and the beam; wherein, when the pulley and the central shaft cannot achieve relative rotational freedom with the help of the primary bearing, the brake mechanism is disengaged from the central shaft, and enables the central shaft to have relative rotational freedom with the help of the secondary bearing.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, the inner rings of the primary bearing and the secondary bearing are fixedly mounted on the central axis, the pulley, the central axis, the primary bearing and the secondary bearing are coaxially arranged with each other, and the secondary bearings are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the primary bearing.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, both ends of the central axis pass through the beam frame, and the secondary bearing is assembled with the beam frame through a bearing seat; the number of the primary bearings is at least two.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the central shaft is provided with a circumferential groove, and a shaft bearing retaining ring is installed on the circumferential groove, and the axial end surface of the shaft bearing retaining ring contacts the axial end surface of one side of the primary bearing or the secondary bearing; the bearing seat is provided with a hole bearing retaining ring, and the axial end of the hole bearing retaining ring contacts the axial end surface of one side of the secondary bearing; the side of the bearing seat in contact with the beam frame is provided with a convex edge protruding radially inward, and one side of the convex edge contacts the axial end surface of one side of the secondary bearing; the bearing seat is provided with a radially outward recessed groove, and the groove is snap-fitted and assembled with the hole bearing retaining ring; the inner periphery of the pulley is provided with a convex rib protruding radially inward, and both sides of the rib are respectively in contact with the axial end surface of one side of the primary bearing.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the central axis is arranged in a horizontal direction, the brake mechanism is installed on the beam frame, and the brake mechanism includes a friction plate that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central axis.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the brake mechanism includes an electromagnet that drives the friction plate to move closer to or away from the central axis.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the friction plate includes a concave surface in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft; the friction plates are arranged in mirror-image pairs at the same end of the central shaft, and the friction plates at the same end of the central shaft move synchronously toward or away from each other.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, an induction switch is also installed on the beam frame, and the induction switch senses whether the central axis rotates. The induction switch is electrically connected to the brake mechanism. When the induction switch senses that the central axis rotates, it triggers the brake mechanism to disengage from the central axis.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, the induction switch includes a roller in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central axis, and the triggering condition of the induction switch is the rotation of the roller; the induction switch is electrically connected to the central console of the elevator.

[0015] In a second aspect, an elevator is provided, comprising the pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for the above-mentioned elevator.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator of the present application include: using two-stage bearings on the same central axis to ensure the rotational freedom under low friction. First, in most time periods, the primary bearing is allowed to participate in the rotation, while the secondary bearing remains stationary due to the locking effect of the brake mechanism. In this way, the primary bearing ensures the low friction resistance of the normal rotation of the pulley. Secondly, when a fault occurs between the pulley, the primary bearing, and the central axis that hinders the rotation of the pulley, the secondary bearing will participate in the rotation to replace the function of the primary bearing. The probability of both the primary bearing and the secondary bearing failing at the same time is extremely low, so the design of the two-stage bearing greatly ensures the reliability of the pulley rotation. Next, because the primary bearing and the secondary bearing ensure the smooth rotation of the pulley, even if the primary bearing fails, during the period from the failure to the maintenance, the pulley, the primary bearing, the central axis, the rope (such as the wire rope) and other components are not prone to wear with large friction resistance, thereby avoiding further deterioration of the accident. It is ensured that the pulley mechanism can still ensure the functionality of the mechanism and personal safety during the period from the failure to the maintenance. Then, because the pulley, primary bearing, center shaft, wire rope and other parts are not prone to further wear and damage, the maintenance cost of subsequent parts is also controlled. Furthermore, the existence of the brake mechanism is to allow the primary bearing to be used and worn first in most time periods under normal working conditions, and then repaired and replaced first, so that the wear relationship between the primary bearing and the secondary bearing can be controlled. In addition, when the secondary bearing participates in the rotation, it means that the primary bearing and other parts have failed. This change is also convenient to remind the staff that the bearing is damaged, so that the staff can repair and replace the bearing. Finally, the entire pulley mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to install. It is suitable for mechanical equipment such as elevators with pulley mechanisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the B part of the pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a side view of an embodiment of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a side view of an embodiment of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 It is an application schematic diagram of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 It is an application schematic diagram of a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator of the present application.

[0026] Description of Reference Numerals

[0027] 1-pulley; 101-rope groove; 102-outer tube; 103-spoke; 104-inner tube; 105-convex rib; 2-primary bearing; 3-central axis; 301-circumferential groove; 4-secondary bearing; 5-bearing seat; 501-convex edge; 502-slot; 6-beam; 7-electromagnet; 8-friction plate; 801-concave surface; 9-induction switch; 901-roller; 10-bearing retaining ring for hole; 11-bearing retaining ring for shaft; 12-first gap; 13-second gap; 14-photoelectric sensor; 15-bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The exemplary embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these specific descriptions are only used to teach those skilled in the art how to implement the present application, and are not intended to exhaust all possible methods of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application.

[0029] The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator and the elevator of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2, the embodiment of the present application provides a pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator. The pulley mechanism includes a wheel-axle mechanism, a primary bearing 2, a secondary bearing 4 and a brake mechanism. The wheel-axle mechanism includes a pulley 1 and a central shaft 3 coaxially assembled with each other, and the pulley 1 can contact with the wire rope and rotate with the pulling of the wire rope. The primary bearing 2 is located between the pulley 1 and the central shaft 3, and the pulley 1 and the central shaft 3 are movably assembled through the primary bearing 2, and the primary bearing 2 allows the pulley 1 and the central shaft 3 to have relative rotational freedom. The central shaft 3 is also assembled with a beam 6 whose spatial position is relatively fixed through the secondary bearing 4, and the secondary bearing 4 allows the central shaft 3 and the beam 6 to have relative rotational freedom. The brake mechanism can limit the rotational freedom between the central shaft 3 and the beam 6, and the brake mechanism can keep the central shaft 3 and the beam 6 relatively still in the braking state. Among them, when the pulley 1 and the central axis 3 cannot maintain the rotational freedom with the help of the primary bearing 2, for example, when the primary bearing 2 is stuck, or when the central axis 3 has a tendency to rotate, for example, the wire rope originally on the pulley 1 falls off and falls onto the central axis 3, the wire rope drives the central axis 3 to have a tendency to rotate, at this time, the brake mechanism disengages from the central axis 3, that is, the brake mechanism and the central axis 3 give up contact, allowing the central axis 3 to maintain rotational motion with the help of the secondary bearing 4 and the beam frame 6.

[0031] When the entire pulley mechanism is working normally, the primary bearing 2 is involved in the rotation, while the secondary bearing 4 remains stationary. The secondary bearing 4 will not participate in the rotation unless there is a special accident. This allows the primary bearing 2 to be used first, worn first, and repaired and replaced first under normal circumstances, so that the wear relationship between the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 can be controlled. Second, as long as the secondary bearing 4 participates in the rotation, it is highly likely that the primary bearing 2 and other components have failed. This change is also to facilitate the staff to remind the staff that the bearing is damaged, so that the staff can repair and replace the bearing.

[0032] In one embodiment, the inner rings of the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 are fixedly mounted on the central shaft 3, the pulley 1, the central shaft 3, the primary bearing 2, and the secondary bearing 4 are coaxially arranged with each other, and the secondary bearings 4 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the primary bearing 2. The number of the secondary bearings 4 can be two or other even numbers.

[0033] In one embodiment, both ends of the central shaft 3 pass through the beam frame 6, and the secondary bearing 4 is assembled with the beam frame 6 through the bearing seat 5. The number of the primary bearings 2 is at least two.

[0034] The two primary bearings 2 can be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the centroid of the central axis 3 , and the two secondary bearings 4 can also be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the centroid of the central axis 3 .

[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the pulley 1 has a plurality of rope grooves 101 on its circumference, and the rope grooves 101 can limit and guide the wire rope, and the center of the pulley 1 also has a hole for installing the primary bearing 2 and the central shaft 3. The beam frame 6 can be a crossbeam in the elevator structure, and there is a hole in the middle of the crossbeam for the central shaft 3 to pass through. The inner diameter of the hole on the crossbeam is larger than the outer diameter of the central shaft 3, and the two ends of the central shaft 3 pass through the holes of the crossbeams on both sides respectively.

[0036] Theoretically, the bearings may have more than two levels, namely, the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4, and may even have three or more levels. That is, the length of the central shaft 3 is ensured, and the third-level bearings are arranged at both ends of the secondary bearing 4 in the axial direction, that is, the axial distance between a pair of third-level bearings may be greater than the axial distance between a pair of second-level bearings, and the third-level bearings can exert their rotation ability when both the primary bearing 2 and the second-level bearing 4 are stuck, thereby ensuring the rotational freedom of the central shaft 3 and reducing the resistance during rotation.

[0037] In one embodiment, the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 may be deep groove ball bearings or angular contact bearings. Angular contact bearings can withstand a certain axial load to ensure the stability of the spatial position of the central axis 3. The primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 may be bearings of the same specifications, and the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 may also be cylindrical roller bearings, which can withstand greater radial loads.

[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the width of the gap formed on both sides between the inner ring and the outer ring of each primary bearing 2 and secondary bearing 4 is not equal. According to the different widths, a first gap 12 and a second gap 13 are formed respectively. The width of the first gap 12 is greater than the width of the second gap 13. The first gap 12 of the primary bearing 2 facing the adjacent secondary bearing 4 is the first gap 12 of the primary bearing 2, and the second gap 13 of the secondary bearing 4 facing the adjacent primary bearing 2 is the second gap 13 of the secondary bearing 4.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the central shaft 3 is provided with a circumferential groove 301, and a shaft bearing retaining ring 11 is mounted on the circumferential groove 301, and the shaft end face of the shaft bearing retaining ring 11 contacts the shaft end face of one side of the primary bearing 2 or the secondary bearing 4. A hole bearing retaining ring 10 is mounted on the bearing seat 5, and the shaft end of the hole bearing retaining ring 10 contacts the shaft end face of one side of the secondary bearing 4.

[0040] The hole bearing retaining ring 10 and the shaft bearing retaining ring 11 can limit the axial displacement of the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 on the central shaft 3. At the same time, an oil seal is also installed in the secondary bearing 4, because the secondary bearing 4 does not rotate for most of the time, and the lubrication performance of the bearing that does not rotate for a long time is easy to decline. Therefore, the oil seal prevents the lubricating grease of the secondary bearing 4 from leaking out, allowing the balls in the bearing to fully contact with the lubricating grease, and trying to keep the secondary bearing 4 in a qualified state for use for a long time, ensuring that the primary bearing 2 and the secondary bearing 4 always maintain low friction resistance during rotation.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the bearing seat 5 is fixed to the beam frame 6 by bolts 15. The bearing seat 5 is fixed to the facing surfaces of the beam frames 6 on both sides.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the side of the bearing seat 5 in contact with the beam frame 6 has a convex edge 501 protruding radially inward, and one side of the convex edge 501 contacts the axial end surface of one side of the secondary bearing 4. The bearing seat 5 also has a radially outward recessed groove 502, and the groove 502 is engaged and assembled with the hole bearing retaining ring 10.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner circumference of the pulley 1 is provided with a convex rib 105 protruding radially inward, and both sides of the convex rib 105 are in contact with one side of the axial end surface of a primary bearing 2. In the radial inward direction, the pulley may include an outer tube 102, spokes 103, an inner tube 104, and the convex rib 105. The rope groove 101 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the outer tube 102.

[0044] In one embodiment, the central shaft 3 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the brake mechanism is installed on the beam frame 6 . The brake mechanism includes a friction plate 8 that can contact the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 3 .

[0045] In one embodiment, the brake mechanism includes an electromagnet 7 that drives the friction plate 8 to move closer to or away from the central axis 3 .

[0046] The electromagnet 7 is connected to the rear end of the friction plate 8. The driving part of the electromagnet 7 has the freedom of reciprocating linear translation. The driving part of the electromagnet 7 can be an armature. The driving part of the electromagnet 7 provides a certain thrust to the friction plate 8, so that friction force is generated between the friction plate 8 and the central shaft 3.

[0047] In a non-limiting example, the main function of the electromagnet 7 is to make the friction plate 8 contact the central shaft 3 or separate from the central shaft 3, so the electromagnet 7 can also be replaced by a linear cylinder, a linear hydraulic cylinder, a linear electric cylinder, a linear motor and other power elements that can output linear motion.

[0048] In a non-limiting example, the friction plate 8 is in direct contact with the circumferential surface of the central shaft 3. In another non-limiting example, a disc brake pad can be fixed on the central shaft 3, and the brake mechanism also includes a clamp that can contact the brake pad, and the brake is applied by a disc brake. The braking capacity of the disc brake is often large, and the thrust value of the electromagnet 7 is set to a size that satisfies the friction force to prevent the normal rotation of the central shaft 3, so the contact between the friction plate 8 and the outer circumference of the central shaft 3 can meet the functional requirements.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the friction plate 8 includes a concave surface 801 in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft 3. The central shaft 3 has mirror-imaged pairs of friction plates 8 at the same end, and the friction plates 8 at the same end of the central shaft 3 move synchronously toward or away from each other.

[0050] The concave surface 801 at the front end of the friction plate 8 forms a semicircular arc structure or a less-semicircular arc structure, and the curvature radius of the concave surface 801 is the same as the radius of the central axis 3. Thus, the friction plate 8 and the central axis 3 are in both semi-wrapped contact and full surface contact.

[0051] In a non-limiting example, the friction plate 8 comprises a composite layer material. The front end of the friction plate 8 in contact with the central shaft 3 is made of a material with good wear resistance and high hardness, and the rear end of the friction plate 8 is a metal matrix. The front end and the rear end of the friction plate 8 are detachable from each other.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, a sensing switch 9 is also installed on the beam 6. The sensing switch 9 senses whether the central axis 3 rotates. The sensing switch 9 is electrically connected to the brake mechanism. When the sensing switch 9 senses that the central axis 3 rotates, the brake mechanism is triggered to release the central axis 3.

[0053] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, at the same end of the central axis 3, two friction plates 8 are arranged on the left and right, and the induction switch 9 is arranged above the central axis 3. The central angle corresponding to the concave surface 801 is less than 180°, so that there is a position on the central axis 3 that can contact the induction switch 9.

[0054] In the pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator of the present application, the primary bearing 2 corresponds to the primary rotating pair, and the secondary bearing 4 corresponds to the secondary rotating pair. In normal operation, the pulley 1 rotates around the central axis 3 through the primary bearing 2, that is, the primary rotating pair works. Under the thrust of the electromagnet 7, a certain friction force is generated between the friction plate 8 and the central axis 3, and the central axis 3 remains locked under the action of the friction force, that is, the secondary bearing 4 does not participate in the rotation, the induction switch 9 does not move, and the secondary rotating pair does not work. When the primary bearing 2 fails, such as a jamming phenomenon occurs between the pulley 1, the primary bearing 2, and the central axis 3, the pulley 1 will continue to rotate driven by the friction of the rope (such as a wire rope). At this time, the driving force generated by the pulley 1 is greater than the friction between the friction plate 8 and the central axis 3, and the pulley 1 drives the central axis 3 to rotate together. At this time, the primary rotating pair stops working, and the induction switch 9 detects that the central shaft 3 has rotated. The induction switch 9 can send a signal to the corresponding controller, and the controller triggers the driving part of the electromagnet 7 to act, so that the friction plate 8 is separated from the central shaft 3, and the secondary bearing 4 starts to continue rotating under the action of the central shaft 3. At this time, the secondary rotating pair starts to work, and finally ensures that the pulley 1 can still rotate under low friction resistance. The normal operation of the pulley mechanism is guaranteed.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the induction switch 9 includes a roller 901 in contact with the outer circumference of the central shaft 3 .

[0056] The contact of the induction switch 9 is a roller 901 structure, and the roller 901 is in contact with the central axis 3. When the primary rotating pair stops working and the secondary rotating pair starts working, the rotation of the central axis 3 will drive the roller 901 of the induction switch 9 to rotate, thereby triggering the induction switch 9 to operate.

[0057] The roller 901 can decide whether to trigger the sensor switch 9 according to its own rotation angle, so that it is convenient for personnel to adjust the appropriate sensitivity. For example, the angle value of the roller 901 triggering the sensor switch 9 is 5°, that is, considering that the central shaft 3 may have an allowable movement under long-term use, as long as the rotation angle caused by the movement does not exceed 5°, the sensor switch 9 will not be triggered. When a fault does occur, as long as the central shaft 3 is driven to rotate more than 5°, the sensor switch 9 is triggered, and the brake mechanism is released to allow the central shaft 3 to continue to rotate. This flexibility is also relatively high.

[0058] The diameter of the roller 901 may be smaller than the diameter of the central axis 3 . The linear speeds of the roller 901 and the central axis 3 when they rotate circumferentially are the same, but the angular speed of the roller 901 is greater, which ensures that the induction switch 9 has a higher sensitivity.

[0059] In another embodiment, one end of the central shaft 3 may be provided with other sensors that can sense whether the central shaft 3 rotates, such as a speed sensor, a Hall sensor, a photoelectric sensor, etc. The other sensors and the inductive switch 9 are respectively arranged on both sides of the central shaft 3, and the other sensors and the inductive switch 9 are electrically connected to the brake mechanism. The other sensors and the inductive switch 9 use different sensing principles. As long as one of the other sensors and the inductive switch 9 determines that the central shaft 3 rotates, the secondary rotating pair is allowed to rotate. This further improves the sensitivity and reliability of the perception.

[0060] In order to clearly express the internal structure principle, Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 It is also a half-section view, but Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The central axis 3 in the figure is not cut in half.

[0061] On the other hand, the present application also provides an elevator, which adopts the above-mentioned pulley mechanism with self-protection function for the elevator.

[0062] The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for elevators can be used as the counterweight wheel in the elevator, as the car wheel, or as the guide wheel. The counterweight wheel is the main wheel in the elevator system used to bear the weight of the elevator. It is used to balance the weight of the car, ensure the smooth operation of the elevator during the lifting process, and has the effect of saving energy and improving safety. The car wheel is an important component connecting the car and the elevator room. The guide wheel is the wheel used to guide the movement of the elevator in the elevator system.

[0063] In the pulley mechanism and elevator with self-protection function for the elevator of the present application, during normal operation, such as Figure 7 In the direction of rotation indicated by the arrow, when the primary rotating pair 2 is working, the secondary rotating pair is not working, and the induction switch 9 is also not working. Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnet 7 applies a certain thrust to the friction plate 8, so that the friction plate 8 and the central shaft 3 generate a certain friction force, which can prevent the central shaft 3 from rotating, so under normal circumstances the central shaft 3 does not rotate.

[0064] When the primary bearing 2 fails, for example, there is a jam between the pulley 1, the primary bearing 2, and the center shaft 3, the wire rope on the pulley 1 is driven by the friction force on the pulley 1, such as Figure 8 In the direction of rotation indicated by the multiple arrows, the pulley 1 will continue to drive the central shaft 3 to rotate together. At the same time, the rotation of the central shaft 3 will drive the roller 901 at the contact of the induction switch 9 to rotate, thereby triggering the induction switch 9 to operate, and at the same time the electromagnet 7 operates, such as Figure 6 As shown, the friction plate 8 is separated from the central shaft 3, and the central shaft 3 is no longer subjected to friction resistance.

[0065] When the first rotating pair stops working, the second rotating pair starts working. At this time, the entire pulley mechanism and the elevator can still operate normally. At the same time, the induction switch 9 acts and transmits a signal to the central console to remind the maintenance personnel to check and repair the pulley mechanism.

[0066] The induction switch 9 transmits the signal to the central console, which may be equipped with an alarm signal light to conveniently remind maintenance personnel that the primary rotating pair has failed and the pulley mechanism needs to be checked. At this time, because the secondary rotating pair is working normally, even if the pulley mechanism is not checked in time, the pulley mechanism will not allow the fault to deteriorate further, that is, there will be no abnormal wear in the form of high friction resistance between the wire rope and the pulley 1 and the center shaft 3, and the safety factor of this transition stage will not be reduced. The pulley mechanism of the present application effectively prevents damage to the pulley 1, the center shaft 3, and the wire rope, and effectively avoids the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0067] The pulley mechanism of the present application can also be called a rope pulley mechanism. The pulley mechanism can effectively prevent the fault from further deteriorating in the early stage of the primary bearing failure, and can effectively prevent the pulley 1, the central shaft 3, and the wire rope from being damaged. Even if it is not repaired in time, it can still be used safely and reliably, with high economic benefits and safety and reliability.

[0068] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present application, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present application and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator, characterized in that: include: The wheel-axle mechanism comprises a pulley (1) and a central axis (3) which are coaxially assembled with each other; A primary bearing (2), the pulley (1) and the central shaft (3) are movably assembled via the primary bearing (2), and the primary bearing (2) enables the pulley (1) and the central shaft (3) to have a relative degree of rotational freedom; A secondary bearing (4), the central shaft (3) is assembled with the beam frame (6) through the secondary bearing (4), and the secondary bearing (4) enables the central shaft (3) and the beam frame (6) to have a relative degree of rotational freedom; A brake mechanism capable of limiting the rotational freedom between the central axis (3) and the beam (6); When the pulley (1) and the central shaft (3) cannot achieve relative rotational freedom with the help of the primary bearing (2), the brake mechanism is disengaged from the central shaft (3), and the central shaft (3) and the beam frame (6) are enabled to have relative rotational freedom with the help of the secondary bearing (4).

2. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner rings of the primary bearing (2) and the secondary bearing (4) are fixedly mounted on the central shaft (3); the pulley (1), the central shaft (3), the primary bearing (2), and the secondary bearing (4) are coaxially arranged with each other; and the secondary bearing (4) is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the primary bearing (2).

3. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the central axis (3) pass through the beam frame (6), and the secondary bearing (4) is assembled with the beam frame (6) through a bearing seat (5); The number of the primary bearings (2) is at least two.

4. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for elevator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central shaft (3) is provided with a circumferential groove (301), and a shaft bearing retaining ring (11) is mounted on the circumferential groove (301), and the shaft end face of the shaft bearing retaining ring (11) contacts the shaft end face of one side of the primary bearing (2) or the secondary bearing (4); The bearing seat (5) is equipped with a hole bearing retaining ring (10), and the axial end of the hole bearing retaining ring (10) is in contact with the axial end surface of one side of the secondary bearing (4); The side of the bearing seat (5) in contact with the beam frame (6) is provided with a convex edge (501) protruding radially inward, and one side of the convex edge (501) is in contact with one side axial end surface of the secondary bearing (4); The bearing seat (5) is provided with a groove (502) recessed radially outward, and the groove (502) is engaged and assembled with the hole bearing retaining ring (10); The inner circumference of the pulley (1) is provided with a convex rib (105) protruding radially inward, and both sides of the convex rib (105) are in contact with one side axial end surface of one of the primary bearings (2).

5. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for an elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The central axis (3) is arranged in a horizontal direction, the brake mechanism is installed on the beam frame (6), and the brake mechanism includes a friction plate (8) that can be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central axis (3).

6. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for an elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brake mechanism comprises an electromagnet (7) for driving the friction plate (8) to move closer to or away from the central axis (3).

7. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for elevator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The friction plate (8) comprises a concave surface (801) in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft (3); The friction plates (8) are arranged in pairs in a mirror image at the same end of the central shaft (3), and the friction plates (8) at the same end of the central shaft (3) move synchronously towards each other or synchronously away from each other.

8. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for an elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam frame (6) is also provided with an induction switch (9), which senses whether the central axis (3) is rotating. The induction switch (9) is electrically connected to the brake mechanism. When the induction switch (9) senses that the central axis (3) is rotating, the brake mechanism is triggered to separate from the central axis (3).

9. The pulley mechanism with self-protection function for an elevator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The induction switch (9) comprises a roller (901) in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the central shaft (3), and the triggering condition of the induction switch (9) is the rotation of the roller (901); The induction switch (9) is electrically connected to the central control console of the elevator.

10. An elevator, characterized in that: A pulley mechanism with a self-protection function for an elevator comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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