Earth excavation equipment for municipal road construction

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of earthwork excavation equipment, and specifically discloses an earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction, including a machine body, a boom, a dipper and a bucket installed on the machine body, the boom, the dipper and the bucket are driven by a hydraulic cylinder to perform excavation, the hydraulic cylinder includes a piston I and a piston rod that are movably mounted in a cylinder barrel, a cylinder cover I and a cylinder cover II are fixedly mounted at both ends of the cylinder barrel, an arc groove I is provided on the cylinder cover I, a sealing block that is sealed and connected to the outer side of the piston rod is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove I, an arc groove II that is opposite to the arc groove I is provided on the piston I, and a sealing block that is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove II. The oil pressure entering the arc groove I offsets part of the friction resistance of the contact part between the cylinder cover I and the outer side of the piston rod, and the oil pressure entering the arc groove II offsets part of the friction resistance of the contact part between the piston I and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earth excavation equipment, and in particular to earth excavation equipment for municipal road construction. Background Art

[0002] In the process of municipal road construction, earth-moving excavation equipment is indispensable equipment, among which the excavator is one of the most important earth-moving excavation equipment in municipal road construction. It can quickly carry out earth excavation, filling, leveling and other operations, greatly improving work efficiency. Compared with traditional manual excavation methods, excavators can save a lot of time and labor costs, thereby speeding up the progress of the project and shortening the construction period. The excavator mainly drives the boom, dipper arm and bucket through multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders to perform excavation operations.

[0003] However, when the existing excavators are performing earth excavation operations during road construction, when problems such as compact earth and a large number of stones occur, a large hydraulic thrust needs to be provided to enable the boom, dipper arm and bucket to move for excavation. This results in a large friction resistance at the contact parts between the piston rod and the cylinder head, and between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder in the hydraulic cylinder, making the hydraulic equipment that drives the boom, dipper arm and bucket for excavation prone to wear and consumption, affecting its service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application proposes an earth-moving excavation equipment for municipal road construction, which has the advantage of effectively reducing the friction resistance between the piston rod and the cylinder head, and the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder in the hydraulic cylinder, so as to solve the problem that the contact parts between the piston rod and the cylinder head, and the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder are easily worn during the excavation operation of the existing earth-moving excavation equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: an earth-moving excavation equipment for municipal road construction, comprising a machine body, a boom is installed on the machine body, a dipper arm is installed at one end of the boom, a bucket is installed at one end of the dipper arm through a connecting rod, and the machine body and the boom, the boom and the dipper arm, and the dipper arm and the connecting rod are respectively connected by a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a piston Ⅰ movably mounted in a cylinder barrel, a piston rod is connected to one side of the piston Ⅰ, one end of the piston rod extends out of the cylinder barrel, an oil outlet pipe and an oil inlet pipe are respectively provided at both ends of the cylinder barrel, and it is characterized in that a cylinder head Ⅰ and a cylinder head Ⅱ are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel, an arc groove Ⅰ is opened on the cylinder head Ⅰ, a sealing block sealingly connected to the outer side of the piston rod is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove Ⅰ, and an oil guide pipe Ⅰ connected to the arc groove Ⅰ is fixedly sleeved on the cylinder head Ⅰ.

[0006] The piston I is provided with an arc groove II in the opposite direction to the arc groove I, and a sealing block is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove II and is sealed with the inner wall of the cylinder. One side of the piston I is provided with an oil delivery hose connected with the arc groove II, and the oil delivery hose is distributed in a spiral state between the piston I and the cylinder cover II, and the end of the oil delivery hose away from the sealing cover is connected to the oil guide pipe II extending out of the outside of the cylinder.

[0007] The oil pressure entering the arc groove I from the oil guide pipe I offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact point between the cylinder cover I and the outer side of the piston rod. The oil pressure entering the arc groove II from the oil guide pipe II and the oil delivery hose offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact point between the piston I and the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, a tube body is provided on one side of the cylinder barrel, and a piston II is movably mounted on the inner cavity of the tube body, and the piston II divides the interior of the tube body into a pressure chamber I and a pressure chamber II. An end of the oil guide pipe I away from the cylinder cover I and an end of the oil guide pipe II away from the oil delivery hose are connected with a tee pipe, and an oil guide pipe III is connected between the tee pipe and the pressure chamber I. The end of the oil inlet pipe away from the cylinder barrel is connected to the pressure chamber II, and an oil delivery pipe connected to the pressure chamber II is also fixedly mounted on the tube body.

[0009] Furthermore, a spring is provided between the pipe cover and the piston II in the pressure chamber I.

[0010] Furthermore, two limiting plates are fixedly mounted on the cylinder barrel, and pipe covers are fixedly mounted on both ends of the pipe body, and the two pipe covers are fixedly engaged with the two limiting plates respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the side of the piston I away from the piston rod, one end of the piston rod extends into the groove and is fixed by a bolt, a through hole connecting the arc groove II and the groove is provided on the piston I, a sealing cover is fixedly installed on the side of the piston I away from the piston rod, one end of the oil hose away from the oil guide pipe II is fixedly sleeved on the sealing cover, and the oil hose is connected to the groove.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided at the contact portion between the piston rod and the piston I, and sealing rings located at both ends of the arc groove II are provided on the outer side of the piston I, and the sealing rings are sealed and connected to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the cylinder cover I is provided with sealing rings located on both sides of the arc groove I, and the two sealing rings are both sealingly sleeved with the piston rod.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] 1. The present application provides an earth-moving excavation equipment for municipal road construction, wherein an arc groove I is provided on a cylinder cover I, an arc groove II is provided on a piston I in a direction opposite to the arc groove I, and an oil delivery hose connected to the arc groove II is spirally distributed on one side of the piston I. The oil pressure entering the arc groove I through the oil guide pipe I offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact portion between the cylinder cover I and the outer side of the piston rod, and can effectively reduce the friction loss at the contact portion between the piston rod and the cylinder cover I. The oil pressure entering the arc groove II through the oil guide pipe II and the oil delivery hose offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact portion between the piston I and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel, reduces the friction loss at the contact portion between the piston I and the cylinder barrel, and increases the service life of the hydraulic drive components of the excavation equipment, while reducing the energy consumption of the friction resistance.

[0016] 2. The present application provides an earth-moving excavation equipment for municipal road construction, in which a tube body is arranged on one side of a cylinder, and the tube body is divided into a pressure chamber I and a pressure chamber II by a piston II. The hydraulic oil used to push the boom, the dipper arm and the bucket to perform excavation first enters the pressure chamber II, and then enters the cylinder to act on the piston I. As the oil pressure that pushes the piston I to move increases, the oil pressure that pushes the piston I to move will push the piston II to move, thereby increasing the oil pressure in the pressure chamber I, thereby increasing the oil pressure at the contact point between the piston rod and the cylinder cover I, and the contact point between the piston I and the inner wall of the cylinder, so as to reduce the wear and consumption at the contact point between the piston rod and the cylinder cover I, and the contact point between the piston I and the inner wall of the cylinder when the load at the bucket increases during the earth-moving operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed in the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles disclosed in the present application.

[0018] The present application can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of one of the hydraulic cylinders;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the middle cylinder;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cylinder cover Ⅰ;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle piston I;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle piston I in the complete state;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the middle tube body.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 1. Engine body; 2. Cylinder barrel; 201. Oil outlet pipe; 202. Oil inlet pipe; 3. Cylinder head I; 301. Arc groove I; 4. Cylinder head II; 5. Piston I; 501. Arc groove II, 502. Groove; 503. Through hole; 6. Piston rod; 7. Oil guide pipe I; 8. Sealing cover; 9. Oil delivery hose; 10. Oil guide pipe II; 11. Limiting plate; 12. Pipe body; 121. Pressure chamber I; 122. Pressure chamber II; 13. Pipe cover; 14. Piston II; 15. Spring; 16. Tee pipe; 17. Oil guide pipe III; 18. Oil delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. Example

[0029] See also Figure 1 A kind of earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction includes a machine body 1, a boom is installed on the machine body 1, a bucket arm is installed on the end of the boom away from the machine body 1, a bucket is installed on the end of the bucket arm away from the boom through a connecting rod, the machine body 1 and the boom, the boom and the bucket arm, and the bucket arm and the connecting rod are respectively connected by a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the boom, the bucket arm and the bucket to rotate respectively, so as to perform excavation operations.

[0030] See also Figure 2-Figure 3 The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel 2, and cylinder heads Ⅰ3 and cylinder heads Ⅱ4 are fixedly installed at both ends of the cylinder barrel 2. A piston Ⅰ5 is movably sleeved inside the cylinder barrel 2, and a piston rod 6 is fixedly installed on the piston Ⅰ5. The end of the piston rod 6 away from the piston Ⅰ5 passes through the cylinder head Ⅰ3 and extends out of the cylinder barrel 2.

[0031] Please refer to 3- Figure 4, an arc groove Ⅰ301 is opened in the middle of the cylinder cover Ⅰ3, and a sealing block is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove Ⅰ301 to be sealed with the outer side of the piston rod 6, and sealing rings are provided on both sides of the arc groove Ⅰ301 on the cylinder cover Ⅰ3, and the two sealing rings are sealed and sleeved with the piston rod 6, and an oil guide pipe Ⅰ7 connected with the arc groove Ⅰ301 is fixedly sleeved on the cylinder cover Ⅰ3, and the opening position of the arc groove Ⅰ301 is located on the cylinder cover Ⅰ3 toward the vertical component of the reaction force of the load boom at one end of the piston rod 6, that is, Figure 1 As shown, taking a cylinder barrel 2 arranged between the machine body 1 and the boom as an example, the transmission connection point between one end of the piston rod 6 and the boom is a, that is, one end of the piston rod 6 is located at point a and is subjected to the reaction force of the boom's gravity in addition to the component force F2 along the piston rod 6. It is also subjected to the component force F1 of the boom's gravity reaction force perpendicular to the piston rod 6. The position of the arc groove Ⅰ301 located on the cylinder cover Ⅰ3 is in the direction of F1. One end of the cylinder barrel 2 is connected to an oil outlet pipe 201 near the cylinder cover Ⅰ3, and the other end of the cylinder barrel 2 is connected to an oil inlet pipe 202 near the cylinder cover Ⅱ4.

[0032] Under normal circumstances, oil is injected into the cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipe 202 to push the piston Ⅰ5 and drive the piston rod 6 to move. When the piston rod 6 pushes the boom upward, the contact part between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder cover Ⅰ3 will also be subjected to the force in the same direction as F1. At this time, oil is injected into the arc groove Ⅰ301 through the oil guide pipe Ⅰ7 to increase the pressure, and the oil pressure in the opposite direction of F1 is provided to the contact part between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder cover Ⅰ3, thereby reducing the friction resistance of the contact part between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder cover Ⅰ3. When the boom, dipper arm and bucket are under high load during earth-moving operations, compared with existing earth-moving excavation equipment, the friction loss of the contact part between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder cover Ⅰ3 can be effectively reduced, thereby increasing the service life of the hydraulic drive components of the excavation equipment and reducing the energy consumption of friction resistance.

[0033] See also Figure 3-Figure 6The piston I5 is provided with an arc groove II 501 in the opposite direction to the arc groove I 301, and a sealing block is provided on the outer edge of the arc groove II 501 and is sealed with the inner wall of the cylinder 2. A groove 502 is provided on the side of the piston I5 away from the piston rod 6. One end of the piston rod 6 extends into the groove 502 and is fixed by bolts, and a sealing gasket is provided at the contact part between the piston rod 6 and the piston I5. The outer side of the piston I5 is provided with sealing rings at both ends of the arc groove II 501, and the sealing rings are sealed with the cylinder The inner wall of the cylinder 2 is sealed and connected, thereby ensuring the sealing effect on both sides of the piston Ⅰ5. A through hole 503 connecting the arc groove Ⅱ501 and the groove 502 is opened on the piston Ⅰ5. A sealing cover 8 is fixedly installed on the side of the piston Ⅰ5 away from the piston rod 6. The sealing cover 8 is fixedly sleeved with an oil delivery hose 9 connected to the groove 502. The oil delivery hose 9 is distributed in a spiral state between the piston Ⅰ5 and the cylinder cover Ⅱ4, and the end of the oil delivery hose 9 away from the sealing cover 8 is connected to the oil guide pipe Ⅱ10 extending out of the outside of the cylinder 2.

[0034] Because one end of the piston rod 6 that loads the boom is subjected to F1, the contact portion between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder head Ⅰ3 will also be subjected to a force in the same direction as F1, and the piston Ⅰ5 at the end of the piston rod 6 away from the boom will be subjected to a force in the opposite direction to F1. At this time, oil is injected and pressurized into the arc groove Ⅱ501 through the oil guide pipe Ⅱ10, the oil hose 9, the groove 502 and the through hole 503. Combined with the spiral design of the oil hose 9, the oil pressure in the same direction as F1 is provided to the piston Ⅰ5, thereby reducing the friction resistance between the piston Ⅰ5 and the cylinder barrel 2, and then reducing the friction loss at the contact portion between the piston Ⅰ5 and the cylinder barrel 2, further improving the service life of the hydraulic drive components of the excavation equipment, and reducing the energy consumption of the friction resistance.

[0035] See also Figure 2-Figure 7 Two limiting plates 11 are fixedly installed on the cylinder 2, and a tube body 12 away from one end of the cylinder 2 is provided between the two limiting plates 11. Tube covers 13 are fixedly installed at both ends of the tube body 12, and the two tube covers 13 are respectively fixedly engaged with the two limiting plates 11, so that the tube body 12 can be stably fixed on one side of the cylinder 2. The inner cavity of the tube body 12 is movably covered with a piston II 14, and the piston II 14 divides the interior of the tube body 12 into a pressure chamber I 121 and a pressure chamber II 122, a spring 15 is arranged between the pipe cover 13 and the piston II 14 in the pressure chamber I 121, one end of the oil guide pipe I 7 away from the cylinder cover I 3 and one end of the oil guide pipe II 10 away from the oil delivery hose 9 are connected with a tee pipe 16, an oil guide pipe III 17 is connected between the tee pipe 16 and the pressure chamber I 121, one end of the oil inlet pipe 202 away from the cylinder barrel 2 is connected with the pressure chamber II 122, and an oil delivery pipe 18 connected with the pressure chamber II 122 is also fixedly mounted on the pipe body 12.

[0036] The hydraulic oil used to push the boom, dipper rod and bucket to perform excavation is passed into the pressure chamber II 122 through the oil delivery pipe 18, and then enters the cylinder 2 through the oil inlet pipe 202, pushing the piston I5 to move. As the oil pressure pushing the piston I5 to move increases, the oil pressure pushing the piston I5 to move will push the piston II 14 to move, increasing the oil pressure in the pressure chamber I 121, thereby increasing the oil pressure at the contact point between the piston rod 6 and the cylinder cover I 3, and the contact point between the piston I 5 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2, to reduce the soil During excavation operations, when the load on the bucket increases, the contact parts of the piston rod 6 and the cylinder head Ⅰ3, and the contact parts of the piston Ⅰ5 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2 are worn and consumed. Compared with the method of providing a constant oil pressure value at the contact parts of the piston rod 6 and the cylinder head Ⅰ3, and the contact parts of the piston Ⅰ5 and the inner wall of the cylinder 2 to offset part of the friction resistance, this avoids the problem of a large difference between high load and no load during the operation of the boom, dipper arm and bucket, which makes the setting of the oil pressure to offset the friction resistance have great limitations, and further facilitates use.

Claims

1. An earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction, comprising a machine body (1), a boom mounted on the machine body (1), a dipper arm mounted on one end of the boom, a bucket mounted on one end of the dipper arm via a connecting rod, and the machine body (1) and the boom, the boom and the dipper arm, and the dipper arm and the connecting rod are connected via a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder comprising a piston I (5) movably mounted in a cylinder barrel (2), one side of the piston I (5) being connected to a piston rod (6), one end of the piston rod (6) extending out of the cylinder barrel (2), and an oil outlet pipe (201) and an oil inlet pipe (202) being respectively provided at both ends of the cylinder barrel (2), characterized in that: The two ends of the cylinder barrel (2) are respectively fixedly mounted with a cylinder cover I (3) and a cylinder cover II (4); the cylinder cover I (3) is provided with an arc-shaped groove I (301); the outer edge of the arc-shaped groove I (301) is provided with a sealing block which is sealed to the outer side of the piston rod (6); the cylinder cover I (3) is fixedly sleeved with an oil guide pipe I (7) which is connected to the arc-shaped groove I (301); The piston I (5) is provided with an arc groove II (501) in the opposite direction to the arc groove I (301), and a sealing block is provided at the outer edge of the arc groove II (501) and is sealed to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (2). An oil delivery hose (9) connected to the arc groove II (501) is provided on one side of the piston I (5), and the oil delivery hose (9) is distributed in a spiral state between the piston I (5) and the cylinder cover II (4), and an end of the oil delivery hose (9) away from the sealing cover (8) is connected to an oil guide pipe II (10) extending out of the outside of the cylinder barrel (2); The oil pressure entering the arc groove I (301) from the oil guide pipe I (7) offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact portion between the cylinder head I (3) and the outer side of the piston rod (6), and the oil pressure entering the arc groove II (501) from the oil guide pipe II (10) and the oil delivery hose (9) offsets part of the friction resistance at the contact portion between the piston I (5) and the inner wall of the cylinder barrel (2); A tube body (12) is provided on one side of the cylinder barrel (2), and a piston II (14) is movably mounted in the inner cavity of the tube body (12), and the piston II (14) divides the interior of the tube body (12) into a pressure chamber I (121) and a pressure chamber II (122). An end of the oil guide pipe I (7) away from the cylinder head I (3) and an end of the oil guide pipe II (10) away from the oil delivery hose (9) are connected to a tee pipe (16), and an oil guide pipe III (17) is connected between the tee pipe (16) and the pressure chamber I (121). An end of the oil inlet pipe (202) away from the cylinder barrel (2) is connected to the pressure chamber II (122), and an oil delivery pipe (18) connected to the pressure chamber II (122) is fixedly mounted on the tube body (12); A spring (15) is provided in the pressure chamber I (121) between the pipe cover (13) and the piston II (14).

2. The earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limiting plates (11) are fixedly mounted on the cylinder barrel (2), and pipe covers (13) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the pipe body (12), and the two pipe covers (13) are respectively fixedly engaged with the two limiting plates (11).

3. The earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (502) is provided on the side of the piston I (5) away from the piston rod (6); one end of the piston rod (6) extends into the groove (502) and is fixed by a bolt; a through hole (503) is provided on the piston I (5) for connecting the arc groove II (501) and the groove (502); a sealing cover (8) is fixedly installed on the side of the piston I (5) away from the piston rod (6); one end of the oil delivery hose (9) away from the oil guide pipe II (10) is fixedly sleeved on the sealing cover (8), and the oil delivery hose (9) is connected to the groove (502).

4. The earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is provided at the contact portion between the piston rod (6) and the piston I (5), and sealing rings are provided on the outer side of the piston I (5) at both ends of the arc groove II (501), and the sealing rings are sealedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (2).

5. The earthwork excavation equipment for municipal road construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder cover I (3) is provided with sealing rings located on both sides of the arc groove I (301), and the two sealing rings are both sealingly sleeved with the piston rod (6).

Images