An ultra-thin fire-retardant building interior insulation composite board and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an ultrathin fire-retardant building internal heat preservation composite board and a preparation method thereof, relates to the technical field of novel building material preparation, and has a sandwich structure of three layers, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, and the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and a fire-retardant foaming material structure, and the periphery of the heat preservation composite board is covered by the inorganic ceramic fiber blankets. The prepared composite heat preservation board has the advantages of small thickness, low bulk density, high fire-retardant grade and good heat preservation performance, and is suitable for building external wall internal heat preservation and internal wall heat preservation scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new building materials technology, specifically providing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and the growing severity of the energy crisis, the importance of building energy-saving technologies has become increasingly prominent. Internal insulation materials can not only effectively reduce building energy consumption but also improve indoor comfort and promote sustainable development. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research and development of building internal insulation materials, with new materials such as polyurethane foam and vacuum insulation panels emerging. These materials, due to their superior thermal performance and lightweight characteristics, are widely used in residential and commercial buildings. However, building internal insulation materials still have some shortcomings, such as the high cost of new insulation materials, their large proportion of indoor space, and their fire resistance not yet meeting standards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an ultra-thin flame-retardant interior insulation composite panel for buildings and its preparation method, in order to meet the requirements of modern buildings for economy, safety, and energy conservation.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] An ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel has a three-layer sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and flame-retardant foam material structure, and the four sides of the insulation composite panel are covered with inorganic ceramic fiber blankets.

[0006] Furthermore, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is made by laying ceramic fiber filaments into a fluffy fiber blanket of a certain thickness, and then forming a dense ceramic fiber blanket through a needle punching process, which serves as the upper and lower layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

[0007] Furthermore, the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a basalt fiber mesh, a glass fiber mesh, or a basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with a thickness of 15 mm, 25 mm, or 35 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket include alumina and silicon dioxide, with the two components accounting for more than 96%. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃, has a fire rating of A1, a thermal conductivity of 0.025 W / m•K to 0.032 W / m•K, a bulk density of 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and a thickness of 10 mm, 20 mm, or 30 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m•K, and a filling amount of 100%, 80%, or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space.

[0010] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] Inorganic ceramic fiber blankets are placed over the lower layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving one layer unused.

[0012] The foaming agent is filled through the reserved layer;

[0013] After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the bonding properties of the foaming agent are used to firmly bond the ceramic fiber blanket to the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh.

[0014] After the foaming agent has fully expanded, solidified, and cured, remove excess foam to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows:

[0016] First, natural stone materials such as coal gangue and slag are melted and spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through electrofusion spinning process;

[0017] Then, the ceramic fiber filaments are laid into a fluffy fiber blanket of a certain thickness;

[0018] Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process, which is used as the top and bottom layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

[0019] Furthermore, the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a three-dimensional spatial structure prepared using three-dimensional weaving technology, serving as the middle layer of the composite board;

[0020] It includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with thicknesses of 15 mm, 25 mm and 35 mm.

[0021] Three-dimensional knitting technology, also known as three-dimensional knitting, is a technique used on weft knitting machines to create shaped or sheet-like fabrics with three-dimensional structures, such as curved tubes, spheres, boxes, car seat cushions, or spacer fabrics. These fabrics can be used as the skeleton for industrial composite materials.

[0022] Furthermore, the main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket are alumina and silicon dioxide, with a combined content of more than 96% and a ratio of 1:0.8 to 1.2. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃ and has a fire rating of A1. Its thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m•K to 0.032 W / m•K, its bulk density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and it is available in three thicknesses: 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m•K. The filling amount is 100%, 80%, or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space. The higher the filling amount of polyurethane foaming agent, the lower the thermal conductivity.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel and its preparation method of the present invention have the following outstanding advantages:

[0025] The prepared composite insulation board has the advantages of small thickness, low bulk density, high flame retardancy rating and good thermal insulation performance, and is suitable for building exterior wall insulation and interior wall insulation scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the thermal insulation composite board of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel has a three-layer sandwich structure. The upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets 1, the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh 2 and a flame-retardant foam material 3 structure, and the four sides of the insulation composite panel are covered by inorganic ceramic fiber blankets 1.

[0029] The characteristic parameters of this thermal insulation composite material are:

[0030] The thermal conductivity is 0.023 W / m·K to 0.030 W / m·K;

[0031] The bulk density is 45 kg / m³ to 75 kg / m³;

[0032] It has excellent thermal insulation performance and can achieve a Class A fire rating. Example 1

[0033] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, the implementation process of which includes the following steps:

[0034] Inorganic ceramic fiber blankets are placed over the lower layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving one layer unused.

[0035] The foaming agent is filled through the reserved layer;

[0036] After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the bonding properties of the foaming agent are used to firmly bond the ceramic fiber blanket to the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh.

[0037] After the foaming agent has fully expanded, solidified, and cured, remove excess foam to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0038] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows:

[0039] First, natural stone materials such as coal gangue and slag are melted and spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through electrofusion spinning process;

[0040] Then, the ceramic fiber filaments are laid into a fluffy fiber blanket of a certain thickness;

[0041] Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process, which is used as the top and bottom layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

[0042] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a three-dimensional spatial structure prepared using three-dimensional weaving technology, serving as the middle layer of the composite board;

[0043] Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh, or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with a thickness of 15 mm.

[0044] The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is mainly composed of alumina and silicon dioxide, accounting for 96% of the total composition, with a ratio of 1:0.8. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃ and has a fire rating of A1. Its thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, its bulk density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and its thickness is 10 mm.

[0045] The flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 100% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space. Example 2

[0046] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, the implementation process of which includes the following steps:

[0047] Inorganic ceramic fiber blankets are placed over the lower layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving one layer unused.

[0048] The foaming agent is filled through the reserved layer;

[0049] After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the bonding properties of the foaming agent are used to firmly bond the ceramic fiber blanket to the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh.

[0050] After the foaming agent has fully expanded, solidified, and cured, remove excess foam to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0051] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows:

[0052] First, natural stone materials such as coal gangue and slag are melted and spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through electrofusion spinning process;

[0053] Then, the ceramic fiber filaments are laid into a fluffy fiber blanket of a certain thickness;

[0054] Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process, which is used as the top and bottom layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

[0055] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a three-dimensional spatial structure prepared using three-dimensional weaving technology, serving as the middle layer of the composite board;

[0056] Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh, or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with a thickness of 25 mm.

[0057] The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is mainly composed of alumina and silicon dioxide, accounting for 97% of the total composition in a 1:1 ratio. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃ and has a fire rating of A1. Its thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, its bulk density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and its thickness is 20 mm.

[0058] The flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 80% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space. Example 3

[0059] A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, the implementation process of which includes the following steps:

[0060] Inorganic ceramic fiber blankets are placed over the lower layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving one layer unused.

[0061] The foaming agent is filled through the reserved layer;

[0062] After the foaming agent is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the bonding properties of the foaming agent are used to firmly bond the ceramic fiber blanket to the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh.

[0063] After the foaming agent has fully expanded, solidified, and cured, remove excess foam to ensure that the foam is not exposed to the outside, thereby obtaining a composite insulation board.

[0064] The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows:

[0065] First, natural stone materials such as coal gangue and slag are melted and spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments through electrofusion spinning process;

[0066] Then, the ceramic fiber filaments are laid into a fluffy fiber blanket of a certain thickness;

[0067] Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process, which is used as the top and bottom layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

[0068] The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a three-dimensional spatial structure prepared using three-dimensional weaving technology, serving as the middle layer of the composite board;

[0069] Includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh, or basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with a thickness of 35 mm.

[0070] The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is mainly composed of alumina and silicon dioxide, accounting for 98% of the total composition, with a ratio of 1:1.2. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃ and has a fire rating of A1. Its thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, its bulk density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and its thickness is 30 mm.

[0071] The flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Ordinary variations and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel, characterized in that, The thermal insulation composite board has a three-layer sandwich structure, wherein the upper and lower layers are inorganic ceramic fiber blankets, the middle layer is a three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid and flame-retardant foam material structure, and the four sides of the thermal insulation composite board are covered with inorganic ceramic fiber blankets. The main components of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket include alumina and silicon dioxide, with the two components accounting for more than 96% in a ratio of 1:0.8 to 1.

2. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃, has a fire rating of A1, a thermal conductivity of 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, a bulk density of 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and a thickness of 10 mm, 20 mm, or 30 mm. The flame-retardant foam material is prepared by filling with polyurethane foaming agent, has a fire rating of B1, a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K, and a filling amount of 100%, 80%, or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space.

2. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is made by laying ceramic fiber filaments into a loose fiber blanket, and then forming a dense ceramic fiber blanket through a needle punching process, which serves as the upper and lower layers and the surrounding covering material of the composite board.

3. The ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a basalt fiber mesh, a glass fiber mesh, or a basalt-glass fiber blended mesh, with a thickness of 15 mm, 25 mm, or 35 mm.

4. A method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant interior thermal insulation composite panel based on any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The implementation process of the method includes the following steps: Inorganic ceramic fiber blankets are placed over the lower layer and four sides of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber grid, leaving one layer unused. The flame-retardant foaming agent is filled through the reserved layer; After the flame retardant foam is filled, the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is covered on the reserved layer, and the bonding properties of the foam are used to firmly bond the ceramic fiber blanket to the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh. After the foaming agent has fully expanded, solidified, and formed, a flame-retardant foam material structure is created, resulting in a composite insulation board.

5. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation process of the inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is as follows: First, coal gangue and slag are melt-spun into continuous ceramic fiber filaments using an electrofusion spinning process. Then the ceramic fiber filaments are laid out into a fluffy fiber blanket; Finally, a dense ceramic fiber blanket is obtained through a needle punching process.

6. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh is a three-dimensional spatial structure prepared using three-dimensional weaving technology, serving as the middle layer of the composite board; The material of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh includes basalt fiber mesh, glass fiber mesh or basalt-glass fiber hybrid mesh, with a thickness of 15 mm, 25 mm or 35 mm.

7. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inorganic ceramic fiber blanket is mainly composed of alumina and silicon dioxide, with a combined content of more than 96% and a ratio of 1:0.8 to 1.

2. It can withstand high temperatures of 1400 ℃ and has a fire rating of A1. Its thermal conductivity is 0.025 W / m·K to 0.032 W / m·K, its bulk density is 80 kg / m³ to 130 kg / m³, and its thickness is 10 mm, 20 mm, or 30 mm.

8. The method for preparing an ultra-thin flame-retardant building interior insulation composite panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flame-retardant foaming agent is a polyurethane foaming agent with a fire rating of B1 and a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / m·K. The filling amount is 100%, 80%, or 50% of the volume fraction of the three-dimensional inorganic fiber mesh space.

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