Daylighting roof construction method

Abstract

A daylighting roof construction method comprises the steps that S1, three-dimensional analogue simulation calculation software is adopted for conducting simulation analysis on the whole construction process, and coordinates of all connecting nodes and relative angles of all components at the connecting nodes are extracted; s2, deepening modeling is conducted based on the simulation analysis result, a deepening drawing is formed, and all the components are machined according to the deepening drawing and numbered; s3, bottom stand columns are installed, the numbered stand columns are sequentially hoisted to a building main body according to a deepening drawing, the bottoms of the stand columns are connected with the main body through first connecting structures, and measurement and point release are conducted through a total station before connection; s4, main beam installation is conducted, specifically, the main beams are installed between the two stand columns on the opposite sides, the numbered main beams are sequentially hoisted to the stand columns with the corresponding numbers according to the deepening drawing, and the main beams and the stand columns are connected through second connecting structures; s5, according to the secondary beams between the main beams, a plurality of secondary beams are fixed between the adjacent main beams, the numbered secondary beams are sequentially hoisted to the main beams with the corresponding mark numbers according to the deepening drawing, and the two ends of the secondary beams are welded and fixed; s6, firstly, the middle of the daylighting roof is constructed in the step S4 and the step S5, and after construction is completed, construction is alternately conducted on the two sides in sequence till construction of the whole daylighting roof is completed; and S7, the tower crane is dismantled, and the missing beam body at the tower crane is installed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of skylight roof construction, and in particular, to a skylight roof construction method. Background Art

[0002] For Figure 1 When the skylight shown in the figure is constructed, it is oval in shape and is assembled from multiple components of different lengths. Therefore, during the construction process, the components are of different lengths and installed in different positions, which makes it impossible to work in a unified and coordinated manner during the construction process and causes misoperation. In addition, the maximum weight of each component reaches 1.161t, and since it is a long rod, it is hoisted with two lifting ears. However, during assembly and welding, it is usually necessary to fix the two ends of the main beam to the top of the column at each node. During the hoisting process, it is impossible to ensure that it is accurately inserted into the supporting channel steel at the top of the column, and manual assistance is required. The high-altitude operation is highly dangerous, and when it is heavy, manual adjustment is not convenient enough. In addition, due to its oval shape, the secondary steel beams connected to the columns at the nodes have different angles, which makes it impossible to install the secondary steel beams when the column is not installed accurately.

[0003] In view of this, those skilled in the art need to improve the existing construction methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a skylight construction method. First, simulation software analysis is used to accurately control the position, node coordinates and angles of each component during the construction process, and the components are numbered and installed in detail to ensure the accuracy of the construction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present application provides a skylight construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Use 3D simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node;

[0007] S2. Based on the simulation analysis results, detailed modeling is carried out to form detailed drawings. Each component is processed according to the detailed drawings and numbered;

[0008] S3, bottom column installation, according to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted to the main body of the building in sequence, and the bottom of the column is connected to the main body through the first connection structure, and the total station is used to measure and place points before connection;

[0009] S4, main beam installation, install the main beam between the two columns on the opposite sides, hoist the numbered main beams to the columns with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connection structure;

[0010] S5. Secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the main beams with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings and fix them by welding at both ends;

[0011] S6, firstly perform steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight roof, and then perform the construction alternately on both sides until the skylight roof is completed as a whole;

[0012] S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beams at the tower crane.

[0013] A further improvement is that the first connection structure includes a through-type stiffening plate fixedly arranged under the floor slab, a column passing through the floor slab and fixedly connected to the through-type stiffening plate, a plurality of reinforcing rib plates are arranged between the column and the floor slab, and the through-type stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structure beam.

[0014] A further improvement is that the first connection structure includes a plurality of support channel steels fixedly arranged on the top of the column, the end of the main beam cooperates with and is welded to the support channel steels, the support channel steels extend radially along the column, and before lifting, a guide structure is arranged above the support channel steels, the guide structure includes guide plates obliquely arranged on both sides of the support channel steels, a connecting plate detachably connected to the top of the column, and a connecting rod connected between the guide plate and the connecting plate.

[0015] As a further improvement, the columns are made of D402×20 seamless steel pipes, the main beams are made of 450×150×14 steel box beams, and the secondary beams are made of 200×150×6 rectangular square steel pipes.

[0016] A further improvement is that before the main beam is hoisted, two clamping plates are welded with t=10mm thick steel plates at its ends, and after the main beam is hoisted into place, the clamping plates are used to weld and fix it.

[0017] A further improvement is that the fire resistance time of the column is 2 hours, and its surface is coated with non-expansive fire retardant coating.

[0018] A further improvement is that the fire resistance time of the main beam and the secondary beam is 1.5 hours, and non-expansive fire retardant coating is used on their surfaces.

[0019] As a further improvement, two lifting ears are set for each component during hoisting, and hoisting is carried out by means of two lifting points. The angle of the wire rope is controlled to be 45-60°. In order to control the spatial posture of the hoisting, each lifting point uses a wire rope to configure a 2t fall chain to adjust the hoisting posture.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a skylight construction method, which has the following beneficial effects: firstly, simulation software analysis is used to achieve precise control of the position, node coordinates and angles of each component during the construction process, and the components are numbered and installed according to detailed drawings to ensure the accuracy of the construction. In addition, when hoisting and welding the heavier main beam, a guide structure is provided to facilitate the precise insertion of the two ends of the hoisted main beam into the supporting channel steel to achieve precise positioning, thereby ensuring smooth construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the skylight;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the column structure;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the guiding structure.

[0024] Among them: 1. Column; 2. Support channel steel; 3. Guide plate; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiment of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" etc. of the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0027] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0028] In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0030] A skylight construction method comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1. Use 3D simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node;

[0032] S2. Based on the simulation analysis results, detailed modeling is carried out to form detailed drawings. Each component is processed according to the detailed drawings and numbered;

[0033] S3, bottom column installation, according to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted to the main body of the building in sequence, and the bottom of the column is connected to the main body through the first connection structure, and the total station is used to measure and place points before connection;

[0034] S4, main beam installation, install the main beam between the two columns on the opposite sides, hoist the numbered main beams to the columns with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connection structure;

[0035] S5. Secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the main beams with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings and fix them by welding at both ends;

[0036] S6, firstly perform steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight roof, and then perform the construction alternately on both sides until the skylight roof is completed as a whole;

[0037] S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beams at the tower crane.

[0038] The structure of the skylight is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that its shape is elliptical, so the lengths of each rod are different, and there are many forms of connection nodes. Therefore, before construction, three-dimensional simulation software is used for simulation, and the coordinates of each node and the angle of the rod on each node are accurately controlled. Then, the detailed drawings are constructed, and each rod is numbered, and its length, weight and strength are strictly controlled, thereby ensuring the progress of the overall construction and that there will be no errors in each link during the construction process, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the first connection structure includes a through-type stiffening plate fixedly arranged under the floor slab, a column 1 penetrating the floor slab and fixedly connected to the through-type stiffening plate, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged between the column 1 and the floor slab, and the through-type stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structure beam. The through-type stiffening plate is arranged to make the overall structure stable, and the strength and stability of the column are further enhanced by arranging the reinforcing ribs.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the first connection structure includes a plurality of support channel steels 2 fixedly arranged on the top of the column 1, the end of the main beam cooperates with the support channel steels 2 and is welded and fixed, the support channel steels 2 extend radially along the column 1, and before lifting, a guide structure is arranged above the support channel steels 2, the guide structure includes an inclined guide plate 3 arranged on both sides of the support channel steel 2, a connecting plate 4 detachably connected to the top of the column 1, and a connecting rod 5 connected between the guide plate 3 and the connecting plate 4.

[0041] When the main beam or secondary beam is under construction and hoisted, the main beam is lifted by a tower crane and hoisted to the designated location according to the number. During the lowering process, it is only necessary to align the guide structure and drop it into the interface in the guide plates on both sides. This is more convenient than aligning the notch of the support channel steel 2. After the construction of the main beam and the secondary beam of the node is completed, the guide structure can be removed. There is no need to manually adjust the position of the main beam end at high altitude. In addition, by arranging the support channel steel on the column, it not only achieves precise positioning, but also can play a supporting role for the main beam or the secondary beam before welding, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the overall structure.

[0042] In order to ensure the strength and overall stability of the structure, the columns are made of D402×20 seamless steel pipes, the main beams are made of 450×150×14 steel box beams, and the secondary beams are made of 200×150×6 rectangular square steel pipes.

[0043] In order to facilitate the installation and welding of the main beam, before the main beam is hoisted, two clamping plates are welded with t=10mm thick steel plates at its ends. After the main beam is hoisted into place, it is welded and fixed using the clamping plates.

[0044] In order to ensure its weather resistance, the fire resistance time of the column is 2h, and its surface is coated with non-expanding fire retardant coating (thermal conductivity coefficient ≤ 0.08); the fire resistance time of the main beam and the secondary beam is 1.5h, and its surface is coated with non-expanding fire retardant coating (equivalent thermal resistance 0.35m2℃ / W).

[0045] In order to ensure stability during hoisting, two lifting ears are set on each component during hoisting, and hoisting is carried out using two lifting points. The wire rope angle is controlled to be 45-60°. In order to control the spatial posture of the hoisting, each lifting point uses a wire rope and a 2t fall chain to adjust the hoisting posture.

[0046] When selecting the diameter of a wire rope, the total breaking force Fg of the wire is generally calculated based on the tension on the wire rope (i.e. the allowable tension Fg), and then the corresponding wire rope diameter is found in the table.

[0047] When calculating the wire rope, take the deadweight coefficient of 1.1, then the force on a single wire rope is:

[0048]

[0049] It is planned to use 6×37+1 wire rope as the lifting device during hoisting. The calculation formula for the allowable tension of the wire rope is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] [Fg]——allowable tension of wire rope (KN);

[0052] Fg——the total breaking force of the wire rope;

[0053] α——Considering the load unevenness coefficient between steel wire ropes, for 6×19, 6×37, and 6×61 steel wire ropes, α is 0.85, 0.82, and 0.80 respectively;

[0054] K is the safety factor of the wire rope. When used as a sling, it is 6 to 8 when there is a bend (the bending radius is not less than 20 times the wire rope diameter), and 5 to 6 when there is no bend;

[0055] The required total breaking force of the sling wire rope is calculated as follows:

[0056]

[0057] According to the appendix of GB 8918-2006 "Steel Wire Rope for Important Purposes", a fiber core steel wire rope with a strength grade of 1770MPa, specification of 6×37+1, diameter of 14mm and breaking strength of 102KN was selected, which meets the use requirements.

[0058] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A skylight construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use 3D simulation software to simulate and analyze the entire construction process, extract the coordinates of each connection node and the relative angles of each component at the connection node; S2. Conduct in-depth modeling based on the simulation analysis results to form in-depth drawings. Each component is processed according to the in-depth drawings and numbered; S3, bottom column installation, according to the detailed drawings, the numbered columns are hoisted to the main body of the building in sequence, and the bottom of the column is connected to the main body through the first connection structure, and the total station is used to measure and place points before connection; S4, main beam installation, install the main beam between the two columns on the opposite sides, hoist the numbered main beams to the columns with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings, and connect the main beams to the columns through the second connection structure; S5. Secondary beams between main beams: Fix several secondary beams between adjacent main beams, and hoist the numbered secondary beams to the main beams with corresponding numbers in sequence according to the detailed drawings and fix them by welding at both ends; S6, firstly perform steps S4 and S5 on the middle part of the skylight roof, and then perform the construction alternately on both sides until the skylight roof is completed as a whole; S7. Dismantle the tower crane and install the missing beams at the tower crane.

2. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first connection structure includes a through-type stiffening plate fixedly arranged below the floor slab, a column penetrating the floor slab and fixedly connected to the through-type stiffening plate, a plurality of reinforcing rib plates are arranged between the column and the floor slab, and the through-type stiffening plate is welded and fixed to the main structure beam.

3. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first connection structure includes a plurality of support channel steels fixedly arranged on the top of the column, the end of the main beam cooperates with the support channel steels and is welded and fixed, the support channel steels extend radially along the column, and before lifting, a guide structure is arranged above the support channel steels, the guide structure includes guide plates obliquely arranged on both sides of the support channel steels, a connecting plate detachably connected to the top of the column, and a connecting rod connected between the guide plate and the connecting plate.

4. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The columns are made of D402×20 seamless steel pipes, the main beams are made of 450×150×14 steel box beams, and the secondary beams are made of 200×150×6 rectangular square steel pipes.

5. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: Before the main beam is hoisted, two clamping plates are welded with steel plates with a thickness of t=10 mm at its ends. After the main beam is hoisted into place, the clamping plates are used to weld and fix it.

6. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The column has a fire resistance time of 2 hours and its surface is coated with non-expanding fire retardant coating.

7. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fire resistance time of the main beam and the secondary beam is 1.5h, and non-expansive fire retardant coating is applied on their surfaces.

8. A skylight construction method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each component is equipped with two lifting ears during hoisting, and hoisting is carried out using two lifting points. The wire rope angle is controlled at 45-60°. In order to control the spatial posture of the hoisting, each lifting point uses a wire rope and a 2t fall chain to adjust the hoisting posture.

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