Buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and a using method thereof.The buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device mainly comprises a plurality of lining arc plates, every two lining arc plates are attached, a circle is defined, a channel is formed in the circle, and shock absorption plates are attached to the outer surfaces of the lining arc plates; inner buckle strip bases are installed on the inner sides of the attached positions between every two adjacent lining arc plates, and a plurality of connecting supporting rods which are arranged alternately are installed between every two adjacent inner buckle strip bases. The lining arc plate has the advantages that the lining arc plates are enclosed together, the inner buckling strip seats are mounted at the splicing positions of the lining arc plates, so that the lining arc plates form a circle, the buffering supporting assemblies are mounted on the outer portions of the lining arc plates, the outer side supporting plates are mounted on the outer sides of the lining arc plates, and the folding assemblies are mounted between every two of the outer side supporting plates. The multiple outer side supporting plates are attached to the rock wall of the tunnel, the opening size of the folding assembly is adjusted, the excavated tunnel can be closed, and the device is prevented from being hit by gravel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a device for controlling deformation of surrounding rocks of a long and large buffer layer tunnel and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's transportation industry, more and more long tunnel projects are being built in areas with harsh geological environments, high ground stress, and weak surrounding rock. However, tunnel construction in such areas faces the problem of large deformation of the surrounding rock, which poses a great safety hazard to engineering construction.

[0003] For tunnels with large deformation surrounding rocks, the method of increasing the support stiffness is currently often used to control the large deformation of the tunnel surrounding rocks. For example, the stiffness of the steel arch frame is increased, the thickness of the sprayed concrete is increased, the buried length of the anchor rod is increased, the thickness and strength of the secondary lining are increased, etc. to improve the resistance to large deformation of the surrounding rock. However, this method, due to the large deformation of the surrounding rock acting on the initial support during the construction stage, the initial support is very prone to large deformation. By increasing the stiffness and strength of the structure, not only the cost is increased, but the excessive deformation of the surrounding rock will still cause problems such as deformation of the tunnel structure, intrusion, and collapse; in the later operation process, it may even cause cracking and other diseases to the secondary lining, which is extremely difficult to treat. Based on the above problems, this application proposes a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and its use method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and a method of using the same to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology and overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned related problems and achieve the desired objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device, comprising a plurality of inner lining arc plates, which are fitted together in pairs and form a circle to form a channel inside, the outer surfaces of the plurality of inner lining arc plates are affixed with shock-absorbing plates, the inner sides of the fitting points between the plurality of inner lining arc plates are installed with inner buckle seats, a plurality of alternatingly arranged connecting support rods are installed between the plurality of inner buckle seats, the outer sides of the plurality of inner lining arc plates are installed with buffer support assemblies, which are all facing the center of the channel, the pressure sides of the plurality of buffer support assemblies are installed with outer support plates, folding assemblies are installed between the plurality of outer support plates, the outer sides of the plurality of outer support plates are fitted with rock walls, a plurality of uniformly arrayed anchor rods are installed on the plurality of folding assemblies, which are inserted into the rock wall, and a plurality of walkway boards are installed below the interior of the channel.

[0008] Preferably, the plurality of inner lining arc plates are arc-shaped, and assembly grooves are provided on both sides of the inner arc surface thereof, and the plurality of inner buckle strip seats are provided with assembly strips protruding outwardly on both sides of the outside, which are respectively buckled with two adjacent assembly grooves.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of arch frames are installed outside the outer arc surfaces of the plurality of inner lining arc plates, each of which is provided with a slot, and the plurality of buffer support assemblies are respectively installed outside the plurality of arch frames.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the outer surfaces of the plurality of inner buckle strip seats are installed with fixing seats, and both ends of the plurality of connecting support rods are respectively installed together with the fixing seats of two adjacent inner buckle strip seats through fasteners.

[0011] Preferably, a long slot is opened in the middle of the outer surface of the plurality of inner buckle strip seats, and a sliding slot is opened at both ends of the outer side of the plurality of walkway boards, and a plug rod passes through the inside thereof, and the plurality of plug rods pass through any long slot respectively and are fastened in place by locking caps.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer support assemblies are all diamond-shaped as a whole, and are composed of a base, a top seat, two lower connecting rods and two upper connecting rods. The two lower connecting rods are rotatably matched with the two upper connecting rods, and the other ends of the two are rotatably matched with the two ends of the outside of the base and the top seat respectively. The bottom surfaces of the bases are installed with threaded rods, which respectively pass through a plurality of slots, and nuts are threadedly installed on the outside. The top surfaces of the bases are installed with buffer springs, and the other ends of the springs are installed with assembly seats. The assembly seats are installed with buffer hydraulic cylinders, and the buffer hydraulic cylinders are respectively installed on the top seats. The inner arc surfaces of the outer support plates are installed with a plurality of mounting seats in a uniform array, which are respectively installed with the output ends of the buffer hydraulic cylinders.

[0013] Preferably, fixing ears are installed at the four corners of the inner arc surface of the plurality of outer support plates, and the two sides of the outside of the plurality of folding components are respectively installed together with two groups of adjacent fixing ears.

[0014] Preferably, the multiple folding components are composed of a middle plate, a left plate and a right plate, which are rotated and matched in sequence, with the middle plate in the center and the other two located on both sides. Through holes are opened in the middle positions of the outer surfaces of the multiple middle plates, and the multiple anchor rods respectively penetrate the multiple through holes.

[0015] A method for using a surrounding rock deformation control device for a long and buffered tunnel,

[0016] The following steps are included:

[0017] 1) Clean the gravel on the rock wall of the tunnel to be opened, determine the anchor point location according to the size of the required channel, and drill the anchor hole;

[0018] 2) Use anchor rods to pre-fix the folding components, and then install multiple outer support plates between the multiple folding components;

[0019] 3) Adjust the position of the folding assembly and the outer support plate to ensure that the outer surface of the outer support plate is completely in contact with the rock wall, and then rivet the anchor rod;

[0020] 4) Install multiple buffer support assemblies on the inner arc surface of the outer support plate and adjust their positions;

[0021] 5) Install the inner lining arc plate on the other side of the buffer support assembly, compress or adjust the buffer support assembly to ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates can form a circle and fit tightly between each other;

[0022] 6) Install multiple inner buckle strip seats to the joints between multiple inner lining arc plates;

[0023] 7) Install multiple connecting support rods alternately one by one between multiple inner buckle strip seats;

[0024] 8) Install multiple walkway boards into the channel and use plug rods to install them together with the connecting support rods.

[0025] (III) Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and its use method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device surrounds multiple inner lining arc plates together, and an inner buckle seat is installed at the joint of the two, so that the multiple inner lining arc plates form a circle, and buffer support components are installed on the outside of the multiple inner lining arc plates, and outer support plates are installed on the outside, and folding components are installed between the multiple outer support plates. When in use, the multiple outer support plates are attached to the rock wall of the tunnel, and the opening size of the folding components is adjusted to close the excavated tunnel, so as to prevent the device from being hit by falling sand and gravel.

[0028] Among them, the buffer support assembly not only supports the tunnel, but also ensures that the outer support plate can always fit together with the rock wall when the rock wall is deformed. The buffer support assembly is diamond-shaped as a whole, and a buffer spring and a buffer hydraulic cylinder are installed at the center line.

[0029] Among them, multiple anchor rods are installed on multiple folding components, and the anchor rods are inserted into the rock wall to stabilize the overall firmness of the device.

[0030] 2. The buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device has connecting support rods installed between each of the multiple inner buckle strip seats, which can enable the multiple inner lining arc plates to be enclosed and fixed to form, so as to avoid the device being compressed and deformed when the rock wall is deformed. At the same time, walkway boards are installed below the circular space surrounded by the multiple inner lining arc plates. When in use, the walkway board can be fixed in the circular space by inserting the rod through the connecting support rod and the walkway board and screwing on the locking cap, so that the walkway board can be fixedly installed in the circular space, which is convenient for the staff to walk on the walkway board.

[0031] 3. The buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device has shock-absorbing plates attached to the outside of multiple inner lining arc plates, which can absorb the impact of falling gravel hitting the device to avoid damaging the device.

[0032] 4. The method for using the buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device is to first pre-rivet multiple folding components on the rock wall using anchor rods, then install multiple outer support plates between the multiple folding components, and make the outer sides of the outer support plates fit against the rock wall, and then tension the folding components to ensure that each outer support plate can fit tightly against the rock wall to play a role in supporting the rock wall.

[0033] Secondly, multiple buffer support assemblies are installed on the outer support plate, and the inner lining arc plate is installed on the other side of the buffer support assembly. Then, the deformation of the buffer support assembly is adjusted to ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates fit tightly together, and then the inner buckle strip seats are installed on the inner side between the multiple inner lining arc plates to ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates fit firmly together.

[0034] Finally, multiple connecting support rods are used to be alternately fixed between multiple inner buckle strip seats to ensure the firmness of the forming of multiple inner lining arc panels. Subsequently, walkway boards are installed in the circular channel surrounded by the inner lining arc panels, and the position and height of the walkway boards are adjusted as needed to form an entry and exit channel for staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inner lining arc plate, the buffer support assembly and the outer support plate in the assembled state in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram from another perspective;

[0039] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the assembly state of multiple inner buckle strip seats and connecting support rods in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the installation state of the walkway board in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the buffer support assembly in the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the buffer support assembly in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the folding assembly in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the folding assembly in the present invention;

[0046] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner lining arc plate in the present invention from a first perspective;

[0047] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of the inner lining arc plate in the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0048] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the outer supporting plate in the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1-inner lining arc plate, 2-inner buckle strip seat, 3-buffer support assembly, 3a-base, 3b-top seat, 3c-lower connecting rod, 3d-upper connecting rod, 3e-threaded rod, 3f-nut, 3g-buffer spring, 3h-assembly seat, 3i-buffer hydraulic cylinder, 4-outer support plate, 5-folding assembly, 5a-middle plate, 5b-left plate, 5c-right plate, 6-anchor rod, 7-shock absorbing plate, 8-connecting support rod, 9-walkway plate, 10-long slot, 11-fixed seat, 12-sliding slot, 13-insertion rod, 14-locking cap, 15-mounting seat, 16-through hole, 17-fixing ear, 18-arch frame, 19-slot, 20-assembly slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] See also Figure 1-14 A buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device comprises a plurality of inner lining arc plates 1, which are fitted in pairs and form a circle to form a channel inside, the outer surfaces of the plurality of inner lining arc plates 1 are all affixed with shock absorbing plates 7, the inner sides of the fitting places between the plurality of inner lining arc plates 1 are all installed with inner buckle strip seats 2, a plurality of alternatingly arranged connecting support rods 8 are installed between the plurality of inner buckle strip seats 2, the outer sides of the plurality of inner lining arc plates 1 are all installed with buffer support assemblies 3, which are all facing the center of the channel, the pressure sides of the plurality of buffer support assemblies 3 are all installed with outer support plates 4, folding assemblies 5 are installed between the plurality of outer support plates 4, the outer sides of the plurality of outer support plates 4 are all fitted with the rock wall, a plurality of uniformly arrayed anchor rods 6 are installed on the plurality of folding assemblies 5, which are inserted into the rock wall, and a plurality of walkway plates 9 are installed below the inside of the channel.

[0052] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0053] The multiple inner lining arc plates 1 are all arc-shaped, and assembly grooves 20 are opened on both sides of the inner arc surface. The two sides of the outside of the multiple inner buckle strip seats 2 are protruded to form assembly strips, which are respectively engaged with two adjacent assembly grooves 20, wherein the shapes of the assembly grooves 20 and the assembly strips can be processed according to actual conditions to facilitate the assembly of the two, and the inner buckle strip seats 2 and the inner lining arc plates 1 are tightly fitted, so that the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 are firmly assembled.

[0054] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0055] Multiple arch frames 18 are installed on the outside of the outer arc surfaces of multiple inner lining arc plates 1, and slots 19 are opened on them. Multiple buffer support assemblies 3 are respectively installed outside the multiple arch frames 18. The presence of the arch frames 18 facilitates the installation of the buffer support assemblies 3, and the installation position in the slot 19 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0056] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0057] Both ends of the outer surfaces of the multiple inner buckle strip seats 2 are installed with fixed seats 11, and both ends of the multiple connecting support rods 8 are respectively installed together with the fixed seats 11 of two adjacent inner buckle strip seats 2 through fasteners. The multiple connecting support rods 8 are arranged alternately to avoid position interference between components.

[0058] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0059] A long slot 10 is provided in the middle of the outer surface of multiple inner buckle strip seats 2, and sliding through grooves 12 are provided at both ends of the outer side of multiple walkway boards 9, and plug rods 13 are penetrated inside. Multiple plug rods 13 respectively penetrate any long slot 10 and are fastened in place by locking caps 14. The walkway board 9 of appropriate size is selected according to actual conditions. By using the plug rods 13 and the locking caps 14, the walkway board 9 can be assembled with the connecting support rod 8 to facilitate its installation and disassembly.

[0060] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0061] The plurality of buffer support assemblies 3 are all rhombus-shaped as a whole, and are composed of a base 3a, a top seat 3b, two lower connecting rods 3c and two upper connecting rods 3d. The two lower connecting rods 3c are rotatably matched with the two upper connecting rods 3d, and the other ends of the two are rotatably matched with the two ends of the outside of the base 3a and the top seat 3b, respectively. The bottom surfaces of the plurality of bases 3a are all installed with threaded rods 3e, which respectively penetrate the plurality of notches 19, and the outsides of the plurality of bases 3a are all threadedly installed with nuts 3f, the top surfaces of the plurality of bases 3a are all installed with buffer springs 3g, and the other ends of the plurality of bases 3a are all installed with assembly seats 3h, and the plurality of assembly seats 3h are installed on the top surfaces of the plurality of bases 3a. Each of them is equipped with a buffer hydraulic cylinder 3i, and multiple buffer hydraulic cylinders 3i are respectively installed on multiple top seats 3b. Multiple uniformly arrayed mounting seats 15 are installed on the inner arc surfaces of multiple outer support plates 4, which are respectively installed together with the output ends of multiple buffer hydraulic cylinders 3i. The spring and the hydraulic cylinder can both play a certain supporting and buffering role. The two form a flexible component. When the rock wall is deformed, it has a certain deformation space to avoid the rigid support from causing a greater impact on it. In order to facilitate use, alarms and sensors can be installed on the buffer support component 3 to facilitate regular maintenance by the staff.

[0062] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0063] The four corners of the inner arc surface of the multiple outer support plates 4 are all installed with fixing ears 17, and the two sides of the outer sides of the multiple folding components 5 are respectively installed together with two groups of adjacent fixing ears 17.

[0064] As an optional technical solution of the present invention:

[0065] The multiple folding components 5 are composed of a middle plate 5a, a left plate 5b and a right plate 5c, which are rotated and matched in sequence, with the middle plate 5a in the center and the other two located on both sides. A through hole 16 is opened in the middle of the outer surface of the multiple middle plates 5a, and multiple anchor rods 6 pass through the multiple through holes 16 respectively. Due to the adjustability of the folding components 5, the number and installation position of the outer support plates 4 are diverse and have a wide range of applicability.

[0066] A method for using a buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device comprises the following steps:

[0067] 1) Clean the gravel on the rock wall of the tunnel to be opened, determine the anchor point location according to the size of the required channel, and drill the anchor hole;

[0068] 2) Use anchor rods 6 to pre-fix the folding components 5, and then install multiple outer support plates 4 between the multiple folding components 5;

[0069] 3) Adjust the positions of the folding assembly 5 and the outer support plate 4 to ensure that the outer surface of the outer support plate 4 is completely in contact with the rock wall, and then rivet the anchor rod 6;

[0070] 4) Install multiple buffer support assemblies 3 onto the inner arc surface of the outer support plate 4 and adjust their positions;

[0071] 5) Install the inner lining arc plate 1 on the other side of the buffer support assembly 3, compress or adjust the buffer support assembly 3, and ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 can form a circle and fit closely with each other;

[0072] 6) Install multiple inner buckle strip seats 2 to the joints between multiple inner lining arc plates 1;

[0073] 7) Install multiple connecting support rods 8 alternately between multiple inner buckle strip seats 2 one by one;

[0074] 8) Install multiple walkway boards 9 into the channel and use the insertion rods 13 to install them together with the connecting support rods 8.

[0075] The electrical components mentioned in this article are all connected to an external main controller and 220V mains electricity, and the main controller can be a conventional known device for controlling a computer or the like.

[0076] In summary, the characteristics, assembly method, use process and functions realized of each component in the buffer layer long tunnel surrounding rock deformation control device and its use method are as follows: multiple inner lining arc plates 1 are surrounded together, and an inner buckle seat 2 is installed at the joint of the two, so that the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 form a circle, and buffer support components 3 are installed on the outside of the multiple inner lining arc plates 1, and outer support plates 4 are installed on the outside thereof, and folding components 5 are installed between each of the multiple outer support plates 4. When in use, the multiple outer support plates 4 are fitted together with the rock wall of the tunnel, and the opening size of the folding components 5 is adjusted to close the excavated tunnel to prevent the device from being hit by falling sand and gravel. While the buffer support component 3 supports the tunnel, when the rock wall is deformed, it ensures that the outer support plate 4 can always fit together with the rock wall, and the buffer support component The component 3 is diamond-shaped as a whole, and a buffer spring 3g and a buffer hydraulic cylinder 3i are installed at the midline. Multiple anchor rods 6 are installed on the multiple folding components 5. The anchor rods 6 are inserted into the rock wall to stabilize the overall firmness of the device. Connecting support rods 8 are installed between each of the multiple inner buckle strip seats 2, so that the multiple lining arc plates 1 can be enclosed and fixed to form, so as to avoid the device being compressed and deformed when the rock wall is deformed. At the same time, walkway boards 9 are installed below the circular space surrounded by the multiple lining arc plates 1. When in use, the insertion rod 13 is used to pass through the connecting support rod 8 and the walkway board 9, and the locking cap 14 is screwed on, so that the walkway board 9 can be fixedly installed in the circular space, which is convenient for the staff to walk on the walkway board 9. Shock-absorbing plates 7 are attached to the outside of the multiple lining arc plates 1, which can absorb the impact caused by the falling of gravel and the impact on the device to avoid damage to the device.

[0077] When in use, firstly, multiple folding components 5 are pre-rivet on the rock wall using anchor rods 6, and then multiple outer support plates 4 are installed between the multiple folding components 5, and the outer sides of the outer support plates 4 are made to fit against the rock wall, and then the folding components 5 are tensioned to ensure that each outer support plate 4 can fit tightly against the rock wall to play a role in supporting the rock wall.

[0078] Secondly, multiple buffer support assemblies 3 are installed on the outer support plate 4, and the inner lining arc plate 1 is installed on the other side of the buffer support assembly 3. Then, the deformation of the buffer support assembly 3 is adjusted to ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 fit tightly together, and then the inner buckle strip seat 2 is installed on the inner side between the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 to ensure that the multiple inner lining arc plates 1 fit firmly together.

[0079] Finally, multiple connecting support rods 8 are alternately fixed between multiple inner buckle strip seats 2 to ensure the firmness of the forming of multiple inner lining arc panels 1. Subsequently, walkway boards 9 are installed in the circular channel surrounded by the inner lining arc panels 1, and the position and height of the walkway boards 9 are adjusted as needed to form an entry and exit channel for staff.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise one" do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0081] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock in a long and buffered tunnel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of inner lining arc plates (1), which are fitted in pairs and form a circle with a channel formed inside. The outer surfaces of the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1) are all fitted with shock absorbing plates (7). The inner sides of the fitting places between the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1) are all installed with inner buckle seats (2). Between the plurality of inner buckle seats (2), a plurality of connecting support rods (8) arranged alternately are installed. The outer sides of the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1) are all installed with buffer support assemblies (3), which are all facing the center of the channel. The pressure-bearing sides of the plurality of buffer support assemblies (3) are all installed with outer support plates (4). Between the plurality of outer support plates (4), a folding assembly (5) is installed. The outer sides of the plurality of outer support plates (4) are all fitted with the rock wall. The plurality of folding assemblies (5) are all installed with a plurality of anchor rods (6) in a uniform array, which are inserted into the rock wall. A plurality of walkway boards (9) are installed below the inside of the channel.

2. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of inner lining arc plates (1) are all arc-shaped, and both sides of their inner arc surfaces are provided with assembly grooves (20). Both sides of the exterior of the plurality of inner buckle bar seats (2) are provided with assembly strips protruding outwards, which are respectively buckled with two adjacent assembly grooves (20).

3. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of arch frames (18) are installed outside the outer arc surfaces of the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1), each of which is provided with a slot (19), and the plurality of buffer support assemblies (3) are respectively installed outside the plurality of arch frames (18).

4. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the outer surfaces of the plurality of inner buckle strip seats (2) are mounted with fixing seats (11), and both ends of the plurality of connecting support rods (8) are respectively mounted together with the fixing seats (11) of two adjacent inner buckle strip seats (2) via fasteners.

5. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1 is characterized by: A long slot (10) is provided at the middle of the outer surface of the plurality of inner buckle strip seats (2), and a sliding slot (12) is provided at both ends of the outer surface of the plurality of walkway boards (9), and a plug rod (13) is passed through the inside thereof. The plurality of plug rods (13) respectively pass through any of the long slots (10) and are fixed in place by means of locking caps (14).

6. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of buffer support assemblies (3) are all in a rhombus shape, and are composed of a base (3a), a top seat (3b), two lower connecting rods (3c) and two upper connecting rods (3d). The two lower connecting rods (3c) are rotatably matched with the two upper connecting rods (3d), and the other ends of the two are rotatably matched with the two ends of the outside of the base (3a) and the top seat (3b), respectively. The bottom surfaces of the plurality of bases (3a) are all installed with threaded rods (3e), which respectively pass through the plurality of notches (19), and the outsides of the threaded rods (3e) are all threaded. The threads are installed with nuts (3f), the top surfaces of the plurality of bases (3a) are installed with buffer springs (3g), the other ends of the plurality of bases (3a) are installed with assembly seats (3h), the plurality of assembly seats (3h) are installed with buffer hydraulic cylinders (3i), the plurality of buffer hydraulic cylinders (3i) are respectively installed on the plurality of top seats (3b), and the inner arc surfaces of the plurality of outer support plates (4) are installed with a plurality of mounting seats (15) in a uniform array, which are respectively installed together with the output ends of the plurality of buffer hydraulic cylinders (3i).

7. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1 is characterized by: Fixing ears (17) are installed at the four corners of the inner arc surface of the plurality of outer support plates (4), and the two sides of the exterior of the plurality of folding components (5) are respectively installed together with two groups of adjacent fixing ears (17).

8. The device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock of a long tunnel with a buffer layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of folding components (5) are composed of a middle plate (5a), a left plate (5b) and a right plate (5c), which are rotated and matched in sequence, with the middle plate (5a) being in the center and the other two being located on both sides. A through hole (16) is provided at the center of the outer surface of the plurality of middle plates (5a), and the plurality of anchor rods (6) respectively penetrate the plurality of through holes (16).

9. A method for using a device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock in a long and buffered tunnel, characterized in that: The following steps are included: 1) Clean the gravel on the rock wall of the tunnel to be opened, determine the anchor point location according to the size of the required channel, and drill the anchor hole; 2) using anchor rods (6) to pre-fix the folding components (5), and then installing a plurality of outer support plates (4) between two of the plurality of folding components (5); 3) adjusting the positions of the folding assembly (5) and the outer support plate (4) to ensure that the outer surface of the outer support plate (4) is completely in contact with the rock wall, and then riveting the anchor rod (6); 4) Installing a plurality of buffer support assemblies (3) onto the inner arc surface of the outer support plate (4) and adjusting their positions; 5) Installing the inner lining arc plate (1) on the other side of the buffer support assembly (3), compressing or adjusting the buffer support assembly (3) to ensure that the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1) can form a circle and fit closely with each other; 6) Installing the plurality of inner buckle strip seats (2) to the joints between the plurality of inner lining arc plates (1); 7) Alternately installing the plurality of connecting support rods (8) one by one between the plurality of inner buckle strip seats (2); 8) Install multiple walkway boards (9) into the channel and use the insertion rods (13) to install them together with the connecting support rods (8).

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