Intelligent supporting system for underground mining roadway roof

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent supporting system for an underground mining roadway roof. The intelligent supporting system comprises fixed bottom plates, supporting side plates, supporting stand columns, a supporting frame body, an outer supporting device and an inner supporting plate, and the fixed bottom plates are fixed to the two sides of the bottom of a roadway; the supporting side plates are fixed to the upper portion of the fixed bottom plate and used for supporting the two sides of a roadway. The bottoms of the two sets of supporting stand columns are fixed to the plane of a roadway, and the side portions of the supporting stand columns are attached to the supporting side plates. The supporting frame bodies are linearly distributed, and the two ends of the bottoms of the supporting frame bodies are fixed to the supporting stand columns correspondingly. The multiple outer supporting devices are linearly distributed and arranged between the supporting frame bodies. The inner supporting plate is fixed to the supporting frame body and attached to the inner side of the outer supporting device. Compared with the prior art, buffering and intercepting can be conducted according to different collapse positions, pressure from different directions is dispersed, the single-point pressure of the supporting plate is reduced, the supporting effect of the supporting plate is improved, and a guarantee is provided for roadway safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and more particularly to an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels. Background Art

[0002] my country's coal mines are mainly mined underground, requiring the excavation of a large number of tunnels underground and the support of the tunnels to keep them unobstructed and the surrounding rock stable. Coal mining tunnel roof accidents are usually caused by factors such as rock instability, excessive pressure, and improper support measures. When the rock strata above the tunnel are affected by mining pressure, cracks and collapses may occur, thereby threatening the safety of the tunnel. In addition, improper support measures may also lead to roof accidents, such as insufficient support strength and unreasonable support structure. At present, anchor rods and anchor cables are mainly used to support tunnels. Although the structure is simple, the reliability is poor. In particular, as time goes by, the anchor rods and anchor cables are prone to loosening, which is extremely prone to accidents. This seriously affects the safety and stability of production. In addition, during the roof support process, due to uneven force, it is easy for the top support plate to deform or even shift. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent support system for underground mining tunnel roofs to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels, comprising:

[0004] Fixed bottom plate, fixed on both sides of the tunnel bottom;

[0005] Support side plates, fixed above the fixed bottom plate, provide support on both sides of the tunnel;

[0006] There are two groups of supporting columns symmetrically distributed, with the bottom fixed on the plane of the tunnel and the sides fitted with the supporting side panels;

[0007] The supporting frame is provided with a plurality of supporting frames distributed in a straight line, and the two ends of the bottom are respectively fixed on the supporting columns;

[0008] External support devices are provided in a plurality of linearly distributed configurations and are arranged between the support frames;

[0009] The inner support plate is fixed on the support frame and fits in with the inner side of the outer support device.

[0010] Furthermore, as a preference, the support frame includes:

[0011] The supporting crossbar has two ends fixed on the supporting columns on both sides;

[0012] The supporting body is semicircular in shape, with the bottom diameter fixed on the supporting crossbar and the top arc surface fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner supporting plate;

[0013] The inner supporting arc surface is fixed on the supporting crossbar at both ends and is fixedly connected to the inner supporting plate on the inside;

[0014] A connecting piece, fixed at the top center of the inner supporting arc surface;

[0015] The outer supporting arc surface is arranged parallel to the inner supporting arc surface and is fixed to the top of the connecting piece. In other words, under the action of the outer supporting arc surface and the inner supporting arc surface, adjacent outer supporting devices are connected, so that the outer supporting devices and the outer supporting arc surface form a complete supporting surface to support the tunnel roof. Under the action of the support body and the inner supporting arc surface, the inner supporting plate is fixed, and then the outer supporting devices located on both sides of the support frame are supported by the two sides of the inner supporting plate. With the assistance of the inner supporting plate, the pressure on the middle part of the outer supporting device is effectively shared, which helps to improve the load-bearing capacity of the support device. Under the action of the supporting cross bar, the pressure of the tunnel roof is dispersed to the supporting columns on both sides.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, elastic buffer components are provided on both sides of the connecting member, and the elastic buffer components are located between the inner supporting arc surface and the outer supporting arc surface, and are fixedly connected to the outer supporting devices on both sides. When the tunnel roof collapses and the outer supporting device is subjected to pressure in the same direction as the tunnel, the outer supporting device slides on the inner supporting plate, driving the elastic buffer components on both sides to compress and stretch respectively, and with the movement of the outer supporting device, part of the impact force received is transferred to the side portions of the outer supporting device located on both sides of the tunnel, thereby reducing the direct impact force received by the outer supporting device and protecting the outer supporting device.

[0017] Furthermore, preferably, the external support device includes:

[0018] A center positioning plate, with both ends fixedly connected to the elastic buffer assembly and slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer supporting arc surface;

[0019] Support arc plates, two of which are symmetrically distributed and fixed on both sides of the central positioning plate;

[0020] Connecting arc plates, fixedly arranged on the inner sides of the center positioning plates and supporting arc plates;

[0021] There are multiple moving tracks distributed in a straight line and set on the supporting arc plate;

[0022] There are multiple groups of interception blocks corresponding to the moving tracks, and each group is provided with multiple blocks distributed along the arc, and each group of interception blocks fits together;

[0023] The mobile buffer assembly is slidably mounted within the movable track, with the inner side slidingly connected to the connecting arc plate and the outer side fixedly connected to the interception block. When the side of the external support device is impacted by collapsed rock and soil, or when the external support device moves along the roadway, displacing the collapsed rock and soil to the sides, the rock and soil slide along the support arc plate to the sides of the roadway. During this sliding process, it is blocked by the interception block. Under the action of the mobile buffer assembly, the interception block moves on the movable track and removes part of the impact force of the rock and soil, reducing the damage to the support arc plate caused by soil collapse.

[0024] Furthermore, preferably, the mobile buffer assembly includes:

[0025] Sliding arc blocks are provided in plurality along the arc line and can be slidably arranged in the moving track;

[0026] Buffer springs are spaced apart from the sliding blocks and connect adjacent sliding blocks. These blocks are connected to the center positioning plate via the buffer springs. When the interception block is impacted by rock or soil, the impact force causes the interception block to drive the sliding block to slide on the moving track. This movement of the sliding block stretches the buffer springs connected to the center positioning plate and compresses the buffer springs between the sliding blocks, driving the sliding blocks to move in sequence and gradually buffering the impact force of the rock or soil.

[0027] Furthermore, preferably, sliding arc plates are provided on both sides of the sliding arc block, and adjacent sliding arc plates are slidably connected. When the sliding arc block is moved by the impact of rock and soil, the buffer spring is compressed, causing adjacent sliding arc plates to intersect, and the sliding arc plate on the upper part of the top sliding arc block is pulled out from the central positioning plate. Under the action of the sliding arc plate, the moving track is closed to prevent rock and soil from falling into the moving track, which would adversely affect the buffering effect of the mobile buffer assembly, thereby causing the support arc plates to be subjected to more pressure and threatening the safety of the roadway.

[0028] Furthermore, preferably, a U-shaped spring is provided between the lower sliding arc blocks, and the U-shaped spring is provided between the support arc plate and the connecting arc plate, with both ends fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding arc blocks on both sides. In other words, when the intercepting block drives the sliding arc block to move in the moving track, as each sliding arc block moves, the bottom sliding arc block compresses the U-shaped spring, thereby providing an upward thrust to the sliding arc block in the adjacent moving buffer assembly. Through the interaction between multiple moving buffer assemblies, the collapsed rock and soil is further buffered. It should be noted that a U-shaped channel corresponding to the U-shaped spring is provided between the support arc plate and the connecting arc plate, which limits the position of the U-shaped spring to facilitate the transmission of force to the sliding arc blocks on both sides.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, a filler plate is provided on top of the inner support plate, the filler plate being disposed on both sides of the support frame and slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer support device. The filler plate allows the two sides of the inner support plate to fit in contact with the inner wall of the outer support device, thereby providing auxiliary support for the outer support device.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] In the present invention, the rock and soil under the collapsed roof are buffered by the arrangement of mobile buffer components and interception blocks, and buffering and interception can be performed according to different collapse positions, effectively preventing the roof from causing direct impact on the support device, causing the support plate to deform and threatening the safety of the tunnel, and under the action of the U-shaped spring, the adjacent mobile buffer devices are connected, effectively dispersing the impact force received by a single point to both sides, reducing the single-point pressure of the support plate, and improving the service life of the support plate, and through the staggered arrangement of the inner and outer support plates, the bearing capacity of the support plate is improved, and through the arrangement of the elastic buffer components on both sides in combination with the mobile buffer component, the pressure from different directions can be dispersed, which helps to improve the support effect of the support plate and provide protection for the safety of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the support frame structure in an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the internal and external support devices of an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection of support frames in an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0036] Figure 5 A side cross-sectional view of the internal and external support devices of an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of location A in an intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Fixed bottom plate; 2. Support side plate; 3. Support column; 4. Support frame; 5. External support device; 6. Internal support plate; 41. Support cross bar; 42. Support body; 43. Internal support arc surface; 44. Connecting piece; 45. External support arc surface; 51. Center positioning plate; 52. Support arc plate; 53. Connecting arc plate; 54. Moving track; 55. Intercepting block; 56. Moving buffer assembly; 61. Filling plate; 561. Sliding arc block; 562. Buffer spring; 563. U-shaped spring; 5611. Sliding arc plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent roof support system for an underground mining tunnel includes:

[0040] Fixed bottom plate 1, fixed on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel;

[0041] Support side plates 2, fixed above the fixed bottom plate 1, provide support on both sides of the tunnel;

[0042] Support columns 3, two groups of which are symmetrically distributed, with the bottom fixed on the plane of the tunnel and the sides in contact with the supporting side panels 2;

[0043] The support frame 4 is provided with a plurality of linearly distributed ones, and the two ends of the bottom are respectively fixed on the support column 3;

[0044] The outer supporting device 5 is provided with a plurality of linearly distributed devices and is arranged between the supporting frames 4;

[0045] The inner supporting plate 6 is fixed on the supporting frame 4 and fits in with the inner side of the outer supporting device 5 .

[0046] In this embodiment, the support frame 4 includes:

[0047] The supporting crossbar 41 has its ends fixed to the supporting columns 3 on both sides;

[0048] The supporting body 42 is semicircular in shape, with the bottom diameter fixed on the supporting crossbar 41 and the top arc surface fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner supporting plate 6;

[0049] The inner supporting arc surface 43 is fixed on the supporting cross bar 41 at both ends, and the inner side is fixedly connected to the inner supporting plate 6;

[0050] A connecting member 44 is fixed to the top center of the inner supporting arc surface 43;

[0051] The outer supporting arc surface 45 is arranged parallel to the inner supporting arc surface 43 and is fixed to the top of the connecting member 44. In other words, under the action of the outer supporting arc surface 45 and the inner supporting arc surface 43, the adjacent outer supporting devices 5 are connected, so that the outer supporting devices 5 and the outer supporting arc surface 45 form a complete supporting surface to support the tunnel roof. Under the action of the supporting body 42 and the inner supporting arc surface 43, the inner supporting plate 6 is fixed, and then the outer supporting devices 5 located on both sides of the support frame 4 are supported by the two sides of the inner supporting plate 6. With the assistance of the inner supporting plate 6, the pressure on the middle part of the outer supporting device 5 is effectively shared, which helps to improve the bearing capacity of the supporting device. Under the action of the supporting cross bar 41, the pressure of the tunnel roof is dispersed to the supporting columns 3 on both sides.

[0052] In this embodiment, elastic buffer components are provided on both sides of the connecting member 44. The elastic buffer components are located between the inner supporting arc surface 43 and the outer supporting arc surface 45 and are fixedly connected to the outer supporting devices 5 on both sides. When the tunnel roof collapses and the outer supporting devices 5 are subjected to pressure in the same direction as the tunnel, the outer supporting devices 5 slide on the inner supporting plate 6, respectively driving the elastic buffer components on both sides to compress and stretch. As the outer supporting devices 5 move, part of the impact force they receive is transferred to the sides of the outer supporting devices 5 located on both sides of the tunnel, reducing the direct impact force on the outer supporting devices 5 and protecting them.

[0053] In this embodiment, the external support device 5 includes:

[0054] The center positioning plate 51 is fixedly connected to the elastic buffer assembly at both ends and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer supporting arc surface 45;

[0055] Two supporting arc plates 52 are symmetrically distributed and fixed on both sides of the central positioning plate 51;

[0056] The connecting arc plate 53 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the center positioning plate 51 and the supporting arc plate 52;

[0057] A plurality of movable rails 54 are provided in a straight line and are arranged on the supporting arc plate 52;

[0058] There are multiple groups of interception blocks 55 corresponding to the moving tracks 54, and each group is provided with multiple blocks distributed along the arc, and each group of interception blocks 55 fits together;

[0059] The movable buffer assembly 56 is slidably disposed within the movable track 54, with its inner side being slidably connected to the connecting arc plate 53 and its outer side being fixedly connected to the interception block 55. When the side of the external support device 5 is impacted by collapsed rock and soil, or when the external support device 5 moves along the roadway direction, displacing the collapsed rock and soil to the sides, the rock and soil slide along the support arc plates 52 to the sides of the roadway. During this sliding process, it is blocked by the interception block 55. Under the action of the movable buffer assembly 56, the interception block 55 moves on the movable track 54 and relieves part of the impact force of the rock and soil, thereby reducing the damage to the support arc plates 52 caused by the soil collapse.

[0060] In this embodiment, the mobile buffer component 56 includes:

[0061] A plurality of sliding arc blocks 561 are provided along the arc line and are slidably arranged in the movable track 54;

[0062] Buffer springs 562 are spaced apart from the sliding arc blocks 561 and connect adjacent sliding arc blocks 561. The sliding arc blocks 561 are connected to the center positioning plate 51 via the buffer springs 562. When the intercepting block 55 is impacted by rock or soil, the impact force causes the intercepting block 55 to drive the sliding arc blocks 561 to slide on the moving track 54. As the sliding arc blocks 561 move, the buffer springs 562 connected to the center positioning plate 51 are stretched, and the buffer springs 562 between the sliding arc blocks 561 are compressed, thereby driving the sliding arc blocks 561 to move in sequence, thereby gradually buffering the impact force of the rock or soil.

[0063] In this embodiment, sliding arc plates 5611 are provided on both sides of the sliding arc block 561, and adjacent sliding arc plates 5611 are slidably connected. When the sliding arc block 561 is moved by the impact of rock and soil, the buffer spring 562 is compressed, causing the adjacent sliding arc plates 5611 to intersect, and the sliding arc plate 5611 on the top sliding arc block 561 is pulled out from the center positioning plate 51. Under the action of the sliding arc plate 5611, the moving track 54 is sealed to prevent rock and soil from falling into the moving track 54, which would adversely affect the buffering effect of the moving buffer assembly 56 and cause the support arc plate 52 to be subjected to more pressure, threatening the safety of the roadway.

[0064] In this embodiment, a U-shaped spring 563 is provided between the lower sliding arc blocks 561. The U-shaped spring 563 is disposed between the support arc plate 52 and the connecting arc plate 53, with both ends fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding arc blocks 561 on both sides. In other words, when the intercepting block 55 drives the sliding arc blocks 561 to move in the movable track 54, as each sliding arc block 561 moves, the bottom sliding arc block 561 compresses the U-shaped spring 563, thereby providing an upward thrust to the sliding arc blocks 561 in the adjacent movable buffer assembly 56. Through the interaction between the multiple movable buffer assemblies 56, the collapsed rock and soil is further buffered. It should be noted that a U-shaped channel corresponding to the U-shaped spring 563 is provided between the support arc plate 52 and the connecting arc plate 53, which limits the position of the U-shaped spring 563 and facilitates the transmission of the force of the sliding arc blocks 561 on both sides.

[0065] In this embodiment, a filler plate 61 is provided on top of the inner support plate 6. The filler plates 61 are arranged on both sides of the support frame 4 and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer support device 5. Under the action of the filler plates 61, the two sides of the inner support plate 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the outer support device 5, providing auxiliary support for the outer support device 5.

[0066] During the specific implementation, the support device is first built. Then, when the tunnel roof collapses and the rock and soil impact downward or to both sides from the tunnel top, the inner support plate 6 assists the outer support device 5 in supporting and protecting. At this time, the rock and soil are dispersed to both sides through the central positioning plate 51, and then impact to the side along the support arc plate 52, and then impact the multi-stage interception block 55 in turn. The interception block 55 drives the sliding arc block 561 to slide on the moving track 54 in turn, stretching the buffer spring 562 connected to the central positioning plate 51, compressing the buffer spring 562 between the sliding arc blocks 561, and the adjacent sliding arc plates 5611 on the sliding arc block 561 intersect, and then the bottom sliding arc block 561 is U-shaped. The spring 563 is compressed, thereby providing an upward thrust to the sliding arc block 561 in the adjacent mobile buffer assembly 56. Through the interaction between multiple mobile buffer assemblies 56, the collapsed rock and soil are buffered again. Through multi-level buffering protection, the possibility of deformation of the support plate is reduced, and the safety of the tunnel is effectively improved; when the tunnel roof collapses and the external support device 5 is subjected to pressure in the same direction as the tunnel, the external support device 5 slides on the filling plate 61, driving the elastic buffer assemblies on both sides to compress and stretch respectively, and with the movement of the external support device 5, part of the impact force is transferred to the side of the external support device 5 on both sides of the tunnel, and then buffered and protected by the mobile buffer assembly 56.

[0067] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels, Features: include: A fixed bottom plate (1) is fixed on both sides of the bottom of the tunnel; Support side plates (2) are fixed on the top of the fixed bottom plate (1) to support both sides of the tunnel; Support columns (3) are symmetrically distributed in two groups, with the bottoms fixed on the plane of the tunnel and the sides in contact with the supporting side plates (2); A plurality of support frames (4) are linearly distributed, and both ends of the bottom are respectively fixed on the support columns (3); A plurality of external support devices (5) are linearly distributed and arranged between the support frames (4); The inner support plate (6) is fixed on the support frame (4) and fits the inner side of the outer support device (5).

2. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 1, Features: The support frame (4) comprises: A supporting crossbar (41), both ends of which are respectively fixed to the supporting columns (3) on both sides; The supporting body (42) is semicircular, with the bottom diameter fixed on the supporting crossbar (41) and the top arc surface fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner supporting plate (6); The inner supporting arc surface (43) has two ends fixed on the supporting cross bar (41) and the inner side is fixedly connected to the inner supporting plate (6); A connecting member (44) is fixed at the top center of the inner supporting curved surface (43); The outer supporting arc surface (45) is arranged parallel to the inner supporting arc surface (43) and is fixed on the top of the connecting member (44).

3. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 2, Features: Elastic buffer components are provided on both sides of the connecting member (44); the elastic buffer components are located between the inner supporting arc surface (43) and the outer supporting arc surface (45), and are respectively fixedly connected to the outer supporting devices (5) on both sides.

4. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 1, Features: The external support device (5) comprises: A center positioning plate (51), both ends of which are fixedly connected to the elastic buffer assembly and are slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer supporting arc surface (45); Two supporting arc plates (52) are symmetrically arranged and fixed on both sides of the central positioning plate (51); The connecting arc plate (53) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the central positioning plate (51) and the supporting arc plate (52); A plurality of movable tracks (54) are arranged in a straight line and are disposed on the supporting arc plate (52); A plurality of interception blocks (55) are arranged corresponding to the moving tracks (54), each group having a plurality of interception blocks distributed along an arc, and each group of interception blocks (55) fits each other; The movable buffer assembly (56) is slidably arranged in the movable track (54), the inner side of which is slidably connected to the connecting arc plate (53) and the outer side of which is fixedly connected to the interception block (55).

5. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 4, Features: The mobile buffer assembly (56) comprises: A plurality of sliding arc blocks (561) are provided along the arc line and can be slidably arranged in the moving track (54); The buffer spring (562) is arranged at intervals from the sliding arc block (561) and connects adjacent sliding arc blocks (561), and the sliding arc block (561) is connected to the central positioning plate (51) through the buffer spring (562).

6. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 5, Features: Sliding arc plates (5611) are provided on both sides of the sliding arc block (561), and adjacent sliding arc plates (5611) are slidably connected.

7. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 5, Features: A U-shaped spring (563) is provided between the lower sliding arc blocks (561), and the U-shaped spring (563) is arranged between the supporting arc plate (52) and the connecting arc plate (53), and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding arc blocks (561) on both sides.

8. An intelligent roof support system for underground mining tunnels according to claim 1, Features: A filling plate (61) is provided on the top of the inner supporting plate (6); the filling plate (61) is arranged on both sides of the support frame (4) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the outer supporting device (5).

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