Multi-channel parallel type novel secondary combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a multi-channel parallel type novel secondary combustion chamber which is used for conducting secondary incineration on smoke generated in the incineration process of hazardous waste or household garbage. The novel secondary combustion chamber comprises a front-end large square box, a multi-channel parallel type combustion channel and a rear-end large square box, and the front-end large square box is connected with a flue gas inlet and inlets of all the combustion channels and is provided with a particle sedimentation slag removal opening, a natural gas or fuel flame spray gun, an oxygen supplementation fan and a nitrification spraying device. The combustion channels comprise two or more independent and parallel channels, each channel is provided with an independent air inlet and an independent air outlet, and the large square box at the rear end is connected with an outlet of the combustion channel and a smoke outlet. According to the secondary combustion chamber, through the innovative multi-channel parallel structure design and the comprehensive function integration of the large square boxes at the front end and the rear end, the large capacity, high efficiency, low pollution emission and environment friendliness of flue gas treatment are achieved, dioxin is thoroughly burnt down, and a new technical solution is provided for the waste incineration treatment industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hazardous waste and domestic garbage treatment, and in particular to a novel high-efficiency secondary combustion chamber structure. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of national industrialization, people's living standards have steadily improved. The generation of both industrial hazardous waste and domestic garbage has been rising steadily. For the treatment of these wastes, incineration has become the main technical means. It has the advantages of good reduction, high energy utilization and small footprint, and has therefore been widely used.

[0003] In the field of hazardous waste and domestic garbage treatment, especially in the process of waste incineration, flue gas treatment is the key to ensure environmental protection standards. Secondary combustion in the secondary combustion chamber is an important step in removing dioxins from flue gas. Generally, the temperature is required to be above 1100℃ and the residence time of flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is greater than or equal to 2 seconds.

[0004] The traditional secondary combustion chamber adopts a single-channel design. Although it has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, it often faces low combustion efficiency and uneven temperature distribution when dealing with complex and changeable flue gas, resulting in incomplete combustion in some areas. It may be difficult to flexibly adjust the input amount and characteristics of waste with large changes. In particular, some flue gas leaves the secondary combustion chamber before reaching the temperature requirement, resulting in incomplete decomposition of dioxins and excessive pollutant emissions, which seriously restricts the promotion and application of incineration treatment technology. Therefore, the development of a new high-efficiency secondary combustion chamber that can significantly improve combustion efficiency and effectively control pollutant emissions has become an urgent need for current technological development. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a new type of high-efficiency secondary combustion chamber structure in view of the problems existing in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a new type of secondary combustion chamber of a multi-channel parallel waste incineration flue gas treatment system, which has two or more independent and parallel combustion channels, each channel is equipped with an independent air inlet and air outlet. The front and rear ends of the combustion channel are respectively provided with a front large square box and a rear large square box, the front large square box connects the flue gas inlet and all the combustion channel inlets, and the rear large square box connects the combustion channel outlet and the flue gas outlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the number of combustion channels is generally 3 or 4, and the shape is round or square. The inner surface of the channel is composed of multiple layers of thermal insulation refractory materials, including aluminum silicate fiber wool, clay insulation materials or corundum mullite castables.

[0008] Furthermore, the front large square box is connected with the smoke inlet and the combustion channel inlet, and is equipped with a natural gas or other fuel flame spray gun, an oxygen supplement fan, and a nitrification spray device, which are installed on the side or rear of the square box.

[0009] Furthermore, the front large square box can be used as a dust settling area and a slag outlet can be installed. Especially for the horizontally placed secondary combustion chamber structure, a larger front square box should be configured so that most of the particles in the flue gas can settle here.

[0010] Furthermore, after the flue gas enters the large square box at the front end, the spray gun of the oxygen supplement fan sprays secondary air tangentially, forming a strong vortex field in the secondary combustion chamber, so that the combustible components in the flue gas are well mixed with oxygen and fully burned in the combustion channel.

[0011] Furthermore, a heat exchanger or a water spray cooling device can be installed in the large square box at the rear end.

[0012] Furthermore, for the horizontally placed secondary combustion chamber, a slag outlet is installed at the rear large square box to remove settled particles.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention include the following aspects:

[0014] 1. Improve combustion efficiency: The multi-channel design optimizes the mixing of flue gas and oxygen, ensures that the combustibles in the flue gas are fully burned, and increases the combustion temperature.

[0015] 2. Increase processing capacity: Multiple channels increase the combustion surface area and significantly improve the flue gas processing capacity.

[0016] 3. Reduce dust escape: When the secondary combustion chamber is placed horizontally, the dust settling function of the front and rear square boxes effectively reduces the dust emission concentration, and the flue gas flows faster in the combustion channel, with very little dust settling in the channel.

[0017] 4. Reduce pollutant emissions: The increase in combustion temperature improves the efficiency of dioxin incineration. The combined effect of the nitrification spray gun and subsequent treatment device significantly reduces the content of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides in the flue gas.

[0018] 5. Improve system reliability: Multi-channel design disperses the load, reduces the impact of a single channel failure on the entire system, and improves system stability and reliability. At the same time, modular design facilitates maintenance and reduces the failure rate.

[0019] 6. Uniform temperature distribution: The multi-channel design makes the heat distribution more uniform, reduces local overheating and temperature gradient phenomena, and extends the service life of the insulation material.

[0020] 7. Strong adaptability: It can flexibly adapt to the operating requirements under different load conditions and achieve optimized regulation by adjusting the fuel flow and air flow of each channel.

[0021] 8. Lower pressure loss: The multi-channel parallel structure effectively disperses the airflow and reduces the airflow velocity in each channel, thereby reducing pressure loss and improving overall operating efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the horizontally placed new secondary combustion chamber of the present invention, Figure AA is a cross-sectional view of the combustion channel, and Figure B is a front schematic diagram of the large square box at the front end.

[0023] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the new type of secondary combustion chamber placed vertically in the present invention, and Figure AA is a cross-sectional view of the combustion channel.

[0024] Figure numerals: 1. Smoke outlet channel; 2. Large square box at the rear end; 3. Combustion channel; 4. Large square box at the front end; 5. Smoke inlet channel; 6. Burner of natural gas or other fuel; 7. Nitration spray gun; 8. Oxygen supplement fan; 9. Maintenance manhole; 10. Slag outlet of the front square box; 11. Slag outlet of the rear square box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical scheme and its effects of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. The following implementations are only used to illustrate the content of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following implementations or examples. Simple changes made to the present invention using the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A multi-channel horizontal structure secondary combustion chamber, see Figure 1 , including 4 combustion channels 3 on two upper and lower layers, a front large square box 4, and a rear large square box 2. A natural gas or other fuel burner 6, a nitration spray gun 7, and an oxygen supplement fan 8 are installed behind the front large square box 4, a flue gas inlet channel 5 is installed on the side, a slag outlet 10 is provided at the bottom, and a slag outlet 11 is provided in the rear large square box.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A multi-channel vertical structure secondary combustion chamber, see Figure 2, including 4 parallel combustion channels 3, a large square box 4 at the front end, and a large square box 2 at the rear end. A natural gas or other fuel burner 6, a nitration spray gun 7, and an oxygen supplement fan 8 are installed on one side of the large square box 4 at the front end, and a flue gas inlet channel 5 is installed on the other side. The two sides are 90 degrees, so that the air supplemented by the oxygen supplement fan cuts into the flue gas flow, forming a strong vortex field in the square box, and the combustible components in the flue gas are fully burned in the square box and the channel. There is a slag outlet 10 at the bottom.

Claims

1. A new secondary combustion chamber of a multi-channel parallel waste incineration flue gas treatment system, characterized in that: The secondary combustion chamber comprises: (1) Two or more independent and parallel combustion channels, each channel is equipped with independent air inlet and outlet; (2) A front large square box and a rear large square box are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the combustion channel. The front large square box connects the smoke inlet and all the combustion channels, and the rear large square box connects the combustion channel and the smoke outlet.

2. The combustion channels as described in claim 1 are 2 or more in number, and the shapes can be round, square or other shapes, and the sizes of each caliber can be inconsistent.

3. The front large square box according to claim 1, characterized in that: As the dust settling area, a slag removal port, a natural gas or fuel flame spray gun, an oxygen supplement fan, and a nitrification spray device can be installed, which are installed on the side or back of the square box.

4. The rear end large square box with horizontal placement structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It can be used as a dust settling area and a slag removal port can be installed.

5. The novel secondary combustion chamber as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The natural gas or fuel flame spray gun and oxygen supplementation fan can accurately adjust the flame output and air volume according to the combustible content in the flue gas and the combustion requirements.

6. The rear large square box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flue gas cooling device may be a high-efficiency heat exchanger or a water spray cooling device, which is used to quickly cool down the high-temperature flue gas.

7. The novel secondary combustion chamber as claimed in claim 1 can be placed horizontally or vertically.

8. An application of the novel secondary combustion chamber as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the steps include: (1) The smoke enters the large square box at the front through the inlet and starts to burn under the action of the flame spray gun and oxygen supplement fan. At the same time, the nitrification spraying device sprays a denitrification agent, including urea solution, ammonia water or other substances; (2) The flue gas enters the combustion channel and the combustion temperature is greater than 1100°C; (3) The flue gas enters the large square box at the rear end, with a combustion temperature of 850-1000°C; (4) The treated flue gas is discharged through the flue gas outlet.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that The total time that the flue gas stays in the secondary combustion chamber is greater than or equal to 2 seconds.

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