Tracking type radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of heat radiation, building heating energy-saving heat and heat radiation regulation and control, and relates to a tracking type radiation heating system based on a directional heat transmission metamaterial, which comprises a personnel positioning tracking module, a directional heat radiation module and a controller. Indoor personnel positioning is achieved through the personnel positioning and tracking module, the directional heat radiation module achieves infrared radiation directional transmission of personnel through metamaterials, the rotation angle and radiation power of the directional heat radiation module are controlled through the controller, and the function of personnel tracking personalized heat radiation heating is achieved. And the purposes of reducing heating energy consumption and creating a comfortable thermal environment are achieved. The position of indoor personnel can be recognized and tracked, heat radiation energy is focused on the specific part of the human body through the heat radiation directional transmission technology to achieve personalized local heat supply, a heating system is prevented from heating a plurality of rooms at the same time, and the energy-saving purpose is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of building heating energy saving and thermal radiation regulation, and relates to a tracking radiation heating system based on directional heat transmission metamaterial. Background Art

[0002] The energy consumption of building operation in my country accounts for 21% of the total national energy consumption. Reducing building energy consumption can significantly promote energy conservation and carbon reduction goals. At present, common building heating methods include convection heating and radiant heating. The principle of convection heating is to heat the indoor air to create a warm air atmosphere; while the radiant heating scheme represented by electric heating film heating and hot water floor heating is that the heat source emits infrared thermal radiation to the room based on the blackbody radiation theory, and the enclosure structure and other objects in the room absorb the thermal radiation energy and radiate heat to the human body. Compared with other heating methods, the radiant heating system is easy to operate, and the indoor longitudinal temperature is more uniform and more comfortable during heating. However, ordinary thermal radiation sources usually radiate heat in all directions in the space. The omnidirectional transmission characteristics of thermal radiation will increase the difficulty of thermal radiation regulation, resulting in excessive dispersion of heat in the room, and the heat cannot be efficiently gathered in the area where people move, resulting in increased heating energy consumption and reduced thermal energy utilization efficiency. Therefore, concentrating the energy radiated by the heat source within a specific angle range to achieve directional heat radiation, while tracking and ensuring the distribution of areas and personnel to achieve regional and precise temperature regulation is a key technology for reducing building energy consumption and efficiently creating a thermal comfort environment, and has great application prospects in the field of building energy conservation.

[0003] At present, the strategies reported in the research on the realization of directional thermal radiation mainly include two aspects. On the one hand, the reflectivity of special optical materials in different directions is controlled to achieve the purpose of controlling the directionality of radiation. On the other hand, the emissivity of the thermal radiation source in each direction is controlled by special artificial structures or special materials to achieve directional transmission of thermal radiation. However, the directional characteristics of this type of thermal radiation usually depend on the working wavelength, and its radiation direction will change with the radiation wavelength. Metamaterials are a new type of artificially designed composite material with subwavelength characteristic scales. They can achieve special properties that natural materials do not have. They can be used to control light waves at the subwavelength scale, which provides unlimited possibilities for the design of new directional thermal radiation control. The direction of thermal radiation can be controlled by controlling the critical coupling, plasma-phonon coupling, Fano resonance and guided mode resonance of light waves through the design of metamaterial medium parameters. Yunbin Ying et al. (Yunbin Ying, Jianbo Yu, Bing Qin, et al. Directional Thermal Emission Covering Two Atmospheric Windows[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2023, 17(11): 1-8.) sputtered deposited Ge (germanium) film on a flexible PEI (polyetherimide) substrate to form a PEI / Ge multilayer composite material, which exhibits high emissivity characteristics (emissivity > 0.9) for infrared radiation in the wavelength range of 8-14 μm only within the angle range of 76°-84°, and can achieve narrow-angle infrared directional thermal radiation.

[0004] The latest research on personnel positioning and tracking heating has also been reported. Patent CN 115468212 A discloses a human body tracking heating device based on directional radiation from a high-temperature heat source. It uses millimeter-wave radar to locate personnel, and uses coreless carbon fiber materials, molybdenum disilicide or tungsten filaments to generate infrared thermal radiation. The position of the lens and reflector is adjusted according to the position of the personnel to achieve directional thermal radiation. However, this patented technology uses a high-temperature heat source, which has certain safety hazards; Patent CN 115468213 A discloses a directional tracking human body radiation heating device based on infrared lasers, which uses infrared lasers as a thermal radiation source and automatically adjusts the light source emission power according to the number of people in the room. However, the lenses and reflectors used in the two patents are complex in structure and difficult to miniaturize; especially when used in indoor multi-person scenes, there are problems such as large systems and difficult layout. Summary of the invention

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient flexibility of traditional heating methods, as well as the defects of safety hazards, bulky system and complex structure of existing personnel tracking radiation heating systems, a tracking radiation heating system based on thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial is provided, which can utilize metamaterials to realize directional transmission of infrared radiation, and use personnel positioning and tracking modules (binocular cameras, infrared cameras, etc.) to realize indoor personnel positioning, and rely on the controller to control the rotation angle and radiation power of the directional thermal radiation module to realize the function of personnel tracking personalized thermal radiation heating, and achieve the purpose of reducing heating energy consumption and creating a comfortable thermal environment.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A tracking radiation heating system based on directional heat transmission metamaterials includes a personnel positioning tracking module 1, a directional heat radiation module 2 and a controller 3; the personnel positioning tracking module 1 includes a binocular camera and an infrared camera; the directional heat radiation module 2 includes a substrate 21, an electric heating film layer 22, a heat radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating 23, a radiation power controller 24 and an omnidirectional rotation axis 25. The heat radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating 23 is coated on the surface of the electric heating film layer 22, and the electric heating film layer 22 is attached to the back of the substrate 21 to form a three-layer structure; the upper end of the omnidirectional rotation axis 25 is installed on the ceiling of the room, and the lower end is installed on the back of the substrate 21, which can realize the change of the direction and angle of the directional heat radiation module 2; the radiation power controller 24 is installed on the back of the substrate 21, connected to the electric heating film layer 22, and controls the radiation power of the electric heating film layer 22 by controlling the working voltage to realize heat control. The controller 3 contains a single-chip microcomputer and a communication module, which can realize the control of the entire heating system.

[0008] The personnel positioning and tracking modules 1 are equipped with at least two modules, which are installed on two different walls in the room to capture indoor photos for personnel positioning; the directional thermal radiation modules 2 are equipped with several modules to form an array and are suspended on the ceiling of the room; the controller 3 is placed indoors to receive data from the personnel positioning and tracking modules 1 and the directional thermal radiation modules 2, and to control the operation of the two.

[0009] The personnel positioning and tracking module 1 includes a binocular camera and an infrared camera, which capture indoor photos during the day and at night respectively; multiple personnel positioning and tracking modules 1 are set at different positions indoors to take indoor photos from different angles to obtain the three-dimensional position of the personnel.

[0010] The personnel positioning and tracking module 1, the directional heat radiation module 2 and the controller 3 are equipped with a communicator, and data can be transmitted between the modules via a data line or a wireless communication method.

[0011] The personnel positioning and tracking module 1 transmits indoor photo information to the controller 3, and the controller 3 adjusts the rotation angle of the omnidirectional rotating axis 25 according to the position and number of human bodies in the room; the controller 3 adjusts the working voltage of the radiation power controller 24 according to the heating gear set by the user, thereby adjusting the amount of heat radiation.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The use of electric heating film as the infrared radiation source is safer than the high-temperature radiation source or infrared laser used in the prior art, and there is no risk of scalding or burning;

[0014] (2) A set of controllers is used to simultaneously realize the data collection and control process of all modules. The system is compact and flexible and easy to deploy. When deployed in rooms of different sizes, only the personnel positioning tracking module and the directional heat radiation module array need to be added to complete the room heating coverage, which has strong scalability;

[0015] (3) During the heating process, heat is only radiated to the human body, which has outstanding energy-saving advantages compared with traditional heating methods. In addition, the heating power of the system can be flexibly adjusted according to the individual preferences of indoor occupants, which can improve heating comfort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is the work flow chart of the system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present invention, in which 1-personnel positioning and tracking module, 2-directional thermal radiation module, 3-controller, 4-schematic diagram of thermal radiation directional transmission direction.

[0018] Figure 3 These are three views of the directional thermal radiation module structure, (a) is the main view, (b) is the left view, and (c) is the top view; wherein 21 is the substrate, 22 is the electric heating film layer, 23 is the thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating, 24 is the radiation power controller, and 25 is the omnidirectional rotation axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, a personnel positioning tracking radiant heating system based on thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial of the present invention includes a personnel positioning tracking module 1, a directional thermal radiation module 2 and a controller 3.

[0021] The personnel positioning and tracking module 1 is composed of a binocular camera and an infrared camera and has a communication function. The structure of the directional thermal radiation module 2 is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the substrate 21, the electric heating film 22, and the thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial 23 are pasted and coated layer by layer. The radiation power controller 24 and the omnidirectional rotation axis 25 are installed on the back of the substrate 21. The omnidirectional rotation axis 25 allows the directional thermal radiation module 2 to rotate a certain angle in the front, back, left and right directions. The controller 3 reads data from the personnel positioning and tracking module 1 and sends control commands to the directional thermal radiation module 2.

[0022] The electric heating film layer 22 may use a graphene electric heating film with adjustable power. The working principle of the carbon-based electric heating film is that when there is a potential difference between its two ends, electrons cross the low potential barrier under the action of the electric field and migrate between carbon-based conductive particles with a small spacing. The friction and collision between the electrons and the carbon molecular clusters generate heat energy, which is radiated in the form of infrared rays with an effective radiation wavelength of 7-14μm.

[0023] The infrared radiation directional transmission metamaterial 23 can adopt the PEI / Ge (polyetherimide) multilayer composite material disclosed in the document "Yunbin Ying, Jianbo Yu, Bing Qin, et al. Directional Thermal Emission Covering Two Atmospheric Windows[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2023, 17(11): 1-8.". The principle of the composite material to achieve infrared directional transmission is Fabry-Perot resonance and Brewster effect. By controlling the thickness of the PT substrate to be close to 1 / 4 of the wavelength of infrared radiation, Fabry-Perot resonance can be formed to achieve wavelength-selective reflection / transmission of infrared radiation. Subsequently, the infrared radiation is converted by the Brewster effect at the PEI / Ge interface into narrow-angle p-polarized radiation near the Brewster angle, thereby achieving the directionality of thermal radiation.

[0024] Each module is installed in different positions in the room, such as Figure 2 As shown. Two personnel positioning and tracking modules 1 are respectively installed on different walls in the room. A directional heat radiation module 2 is suspended on the ceiling, and multiple modules are provided to form a directional heat radiation module array.

[0025] The workflow of the system of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1As shown. First, the user sets the heating gear in the controller 3. The binocular camera and the infrared camera capture indoor photos at certain time intervals during the day and night and send them to the controller 3 for processing. The controller 3 determines the number of people and the three-dimensional position in the room according to the picture information, and then generates a control instruction according to the heating gear set by the user and sends it to the directional heat radiation module 2. After receiving the control instruction, the directional heat radiation module 2 adjusts the angle by the omnidirectional rotating shaft 25, and the radiation power controller 24 changes the working voltage of the electric heating film to achieve the adjustment of the radiation power, and concentrates the heat radiation in the microenvironment around the human body for heating. Finally, the change of the angle and radiation power of the directional heat radiation module is completed, and dynamic tracking heating is realized. The system of the present invention can enhance the energy saving, flexibility and comfort of building heating to a certain extent.

Claims

1. A tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterials, characterized in that: The tracking radiant heating system based on thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial comprises a personnel positioning tracking module (1), a directional thermal radiation module (2) and a controller (3); the personnel positioning tracking module (1) comprises a binocular camera and an infrared camera; the directional thermal radiation module (2) comprises a substrate (21), an electric heating film layer (22), a thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating (23), a radiation power controller (24) and an omnidirectional rotation axis (25); the thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating (23) is coated on the surface of the electric heating film layer (22), and the electric heating film layer (22) is adhered to the back of the substrate (21) to form a three-layer structure; the omnidirectional rotation axis (25) comprises a substrate (21), an electric heating film layer (22), a thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating (23), a radiation power controller (24) and an omnidirectional rotation axis (25); the thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating (23) is coated on the surface of the electric heating film layer (22), and the electric heating film layer (22) is adhered to the back of the substrate (21) to form a three-layer structure; The upper end of the rotating shaft (25) is installed on the ceiling of the room, and the lower end is installed on the back of the substrate (21), so as to realize the change of the direction and angle of the directional heat radiation module (2); the radiation power controller (24) is installed on the back of the substrate (21) and is connected to the electric heating film layer (22), and controls the radiation power of the electric heating film layer (22) by controlling the working voltage to realize heat control; the personnel positioning and tracking module (1) includes a binocular camera and an infrared camera, which respectively capture indoor photos during the day and at night; the controller (3) is placed indoors, receives data from the personnel positioning and tracking module (1) and the directional heat radiation module (2), and controls the operation of the two.

2. According to claim 1, a tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterials is characterized in that: The personnel positioning and tracking modules (1) are equipped with at least two modules, which are respectively installed on two different walls in the room to capture indoor photos for personnel positioning; the directional heat radiation modules (2) are equipped with several modules to form an array and are suspended on the ceiling of the room.

3. A tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of personnel positioning and tracking modules (1) are arranged at different positions indoors, and indoor photos are taken from different angles so as to obtain the three-dimensional position of the personnel.

4. The tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The personnel positioning and tracking module (1), directional heat radiation module (2) and controller (3) are equipped with a communicator to transmit data between the modules via a data line or wireless communication.

5. A tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The personnel positioning and tracking module (1) transmits indoor photo information to the controller (3), and the controller (3) adjusts the rotation angle of the omnidirectional rotation axis (25) according to the position and number of personnel in the room; the controller (3) adjusts the working voltage of the radiation power controller (24) according to the heating gear set by the user, thereby realizing the adjustment of the thermal radiation power.

6. A tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The electric heating film layer (22) is a graphene electric heating film with adjustable power.

7. A tracking radiant heating system based on directional heat transfer metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermal radiation directional transmission metamaterial coating (23) adopts a PEI / Ge multilayer composite material.

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