A device for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual inspection, which relates to the field of casting defect detection technology, including a base, a camera, a height adjustment component, a cleaning component, an angle adjustment component, a clamping component and a support component. The present invention can accurately determine the cause of the alarm by performing a multi-level analysis on the situation when the defect alarm is issued, and eliminate the influence of external factors on the detection, so as to determine whether the cause of the alarm is caused by the actual defects on the surface of the casting, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of misjudgment. The visual inspection device can clean the camera to ensure that the camera is in a clean state, and can also adjust the angle of the casting, and capture images of the casting from different angles to ensure the accuracy of the image capture. Moreover, according to the result of the re-detection after the angle adjustment, it can be judged whether the light source setting is reasonable, so as to adjust the detection conditions in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of casting defect detection, and in particular to a valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection. Background Art

[0002] The valve is a control component in the fluid conveying system, which has the functions of shutoff, regulation, diversion, backflow prevention, pressure stabilization, diversion or overflow pressure relief. The valves used in fluid control systems are of various types and specifications, from the simplest shutoff valve to the various valves used in extremely complex automatic control systems. Valves can be used to control the flow of various types of fluids such as air, water, steam, various corrosive media, mud, oil, liquid metal and radioactive media. Castings are metal molding objects obtained by various casting methods, that is, the smelted liquid metal is poured into a pre-prepared mold by pouring, injection, suction or other casting methods, and after cooling and polishing and other subsequent processing methods, the resulting object has a certain shape, size and performance. After the valve casting is cast, the molding sand on the surface of the casting needs to be removed, and then the surface of the valve casting is inspected for defects.

[0003] The defect detection method, device and system based on machine vision with publication number CN115753791B solves the defects of the existing traditional manual methods. The defect detection method includes: collecting the original color images of the standard workpiece and the test workpiece, and performing image processing to obtain the detection parameters; comparing the boundary contour length with the threshold to screen out the workpiece with surface edge defects; comparing the boundary contour of the workpiece with surface edge defects with the standard boundary contour figure to determine the defect location and complete the detection.

[0004] In the process of surface defect detection of castings, the prior art does not determine whether the alarm is caused by other external factors when a certain point is detected and an alarm is issued, but directly determines that the point is defective, which may lead to misjudgment. Moreover, the existing visual inspection device cannot adjust the device according to the alarm situation during the inspection process, so it is impossible to eliminate the influence of external factors such as camera surface contamination and unreasonable light source setting on the inspection results, resulting in misjudgment of whether there are defects on the casting surface, affecting the accuracy of the inspection results.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual inspection, comprising a base, a camera and a height adjustment component, wherein the camera is used to collect image information, and the height adjustment component comprises a lifting platform that can be adjusted up and down, which is used to adjust the height of the camera, and further comprising:

[0008] A cleaning assembly, comprising a mounting frame fixedly arranged on the front side of the lifting platform, a mounting plate rotatably arranged inside the mounting frame, the camera fixedly arranged on the front side of the mounting plate, and the cleaning assembly is used to clean the camera;

[0009] An angle adjustment component, comprising a rotating plate, two rotating shafts are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating plate, a concave cavity is opened on the top of the base, and the rotating plate is rotatably arranged on the top of the concave cavity through the rotating shaft, and the angle adjustment component is used to adjust the angle of the casting;

[0010] A clamping assembly is rotatably arranged in the middle of the rotating plate, and is used to clamp and fix the casting and drive the casting to rotate;

[0011] The expansion and support assembly is arranged between the angle adjustment assembly and the clamping assembly, and the expansion and support assembly is used to strengthen the clamping and fixing force of the casting.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning assembly further comprises telescopic rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting frame, a limit plate sliding up and down along the side of the mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the top of each telescopic rod, a limit slot is provided on each limit plate, and limit pins located in the limit slots on the same side are fixedly arranged on both sides of the mounting plate;

[0013] A cavity is provided inside the lifting platform, and a first piston plate is provided inside the cavity in a sealing and sliding manner. The first piston plate divides the cavity into a first piston cavity and a second piston cavity. A first piston rod that penetrates into the interior of the mounting frame is fixedly provided on the front side of the first piston plate, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on the rear side of the mounting plate, a sliding groove is provided on the connecting plate, a sliding rod located in the sliding groove is fixedly provided on the front end of the first piston rod, an air guide ring is fixedly provided on the front side of the mounting plate, a plurality of blowing holes are provided on the air guide ring, and a first air guide pipe is provided in communication between the air guide ring and the first piston cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the angle adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment seat fixedly arranged on the top of the base, a third piston chamber is opened inside the adjustment seat, a second piston plate is sealingly and slidably arranged inside the third piston chamber, a second piston rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston plate and passes through the bottom of the adjustment seat, a top block is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston rod, the bottom of the top block is circular and abuts against the top of the rotating plate, and a first tension spring is fixedly arranged between the top of the second piston plate and the third piston chamber.

[0015] Preferably, a clamping ring located above the second piston plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the third piston chamber, and the clamping ring can limit the highest position of the second piston plate.

[0016] Preferably, an air valve connected to the third piston chamber is provided at the top of the adjustment seat, a second air duct is provided at the top of the third piston chamber, the other end of the second air duct is connected to the second piston chamber, a second tension spring is fixedly provided between the bottom of the rotating plate and the concave cavity, and the second tension spring is located on the side away from the adjustment seat.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping assembly includes a placement seat, a plurality of guide grooves are evenly arranged on the top of the placement seat, a guide seat is slidably arranged inside each of the guide grooves, and a clamping plate is fixedly arranged on the top of each of the guide seats.

[0018] Preferably, a transmission cavity is opened inside the placement seat, a support frame is fixedly arranged inside the transmission cavity, a first drive motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame, a first threaded rod is rotatably arranged inside each of the guide grooves, ends of a plurality of the first threaded rods close to each other all penetrate into the transmission cavity, and a sealed rotation arrangement is arranged between the first threaded rod and the transmission cavity, the rotating shaft of the first drive motor is transmission-connected to the plurality of first threaded rods through a bevel gear set, and each of the guide seats is threadedly connected to the corresponding first threaded rod.

[0019] Preferably, an annular cavity is opened inside the rotating plate, a gear ring is fixedly provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the placing seat, the placing seat is rotatably set in the middle part of the rotating plate through the gear ring, and the gear ring extends to the inside of the annular cavity, a second driving motor is fixedly provided on the top of the rotating plate, and a transmission gear located in the annular cavity is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft of the second driving motor, and the transmission gear and the gear ring are meshed with each other.

[0020] Preferably, the expansion assembly includes a first air storage portion, which is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the rotating plate close to the adjusting seat, a third air duct is connected to one side of the first air storage portion, and the other end of the third air duct is connected to the transmission chamber, an air collecting pipe is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the rotating plate, and the air collecting pipe is connected to the transmission chamber, a second air storage portion is fixedly arranged on one side of each of the clamping plates, a fourth air duct is connected to one side of each of the second air storage portions, and each of the fourth air ducts is connected to the air collecting pipe.

[0021] Preferably, the height adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment frame fixedly arranged on the top of the base, a second threaded rod is rotatably arranged inside the adjustment frame, a third drive motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the adjustment frame, a rotating shaft of the third drive motor is fixedly connected to the second threaded rod, and the lifting platform is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod.

[0022] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The present invention can accurately determine the cause of the alarm and effectively eliminate the influence of external factors on the detection results by performing multi-level analysis on the situation when the defect alarm is issued, so as to determine whether the cause of the alarm is caused by real defects on the surface of the casting, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of misjudgment. In addition, the camera can be automatically cleaned and the light source setting can be tested when an alarm occurs, which helps to remind the inspector to adjust the detection conditions.

[0024] 2. The present invention uses a mounting plate, a telescopic rod, a limit plate, a first piston plate, a first piston rod and a first piston chamber in coordination, so that gas can blow on the surface of the camera lens, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the surface of the camera lens and avoiding errors in the detection results due to contamination of the camera lens.

[0025] 3. The present invention uses the third piston chamber, the second piston plate, the top block, the air valve, the second air guide tube and the second piston chamber in coordination. When the casting angle needs to be adjusted, the first piston plate only needs to squeeze the second piston chamber and switch the opening and closing state of the air valve to adjust the casting angle. This allows image acquisition of points on the casting surface from different angles and under different lighting conditions to ensure the accuracy of image acquisition. Moreover, based on the results of the re-test after the angle adjustment, it can be determined whether the light source setting is reasonable, so that the tester can adjust the test conditions in time. In addition, during the process of adjusting the casting angle, the cleaning component will simultaneously blow and clean the camera lens to ensure that the camera lens is always in a clean state.

[0026] 4. The present invention uses the first air storage part, the third air duct, the air collecting pipe, the second air storage part and the fourth air duct in coordination, so that when the angle of the casting is adjusted, the second air storage part expands to further tighten and fix the casting, thereby preventing the casting from shifting or falling off during the angle adjustment process, ensuring the accuracy of the test results and improving the safety during the test process; at the same time, during the continuous contact between the gas and the first drive motor, the heat dissipation of the first drive motor can be achieved, thereby extending the service life of the first drive motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working state of the visual inspection device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the visual inspection device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the angle adjustment assembly and the clamping assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the angle adjustment component of the present invention is kept horizontal.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the angle adjustment component of the present invention after angle adjustment.

[0034] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0035] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point B in the middle.

[0036] Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point C in the middle.

[0037] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the matching between the gear ring and the transmission gear of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention.

[0040] Fig.14 The present invention is a flowchart of the implementation of the valve casting surface defect detection method based on visual inspection.

[0041] In the figure: 1, base; 2, camera; 3, height adjustment assembly; 4, cleaning assembly; 5, angle adjustment assembly; 6, clamping assembly; 7, expansion assembly; 301, lifting platform; 302, adjustment frame; 303, second threaded rod; 304, third drive motor; 401, mounting frame; 402, mounting plate; 403, telescopic rod; 404, limiting plate; 405, limiting groove; 406, limiting pin; 407, cavity; 408, first piston plate; 409, first piston cavity; 410, second piston cavity; 411, first piston rod; 412, connecting plate; 413, slide groove; 414, slide rod; 415, air guide ring; 416, blowing hole; 417, first air guide tube; 501, rotating plate; 502, rotating shaft; 503, concave cavity; 504, adjustment seat; 505, third piston cavity; 506, second piston plate; 507, second piston rod; 508, top block; 509, first tension spring; 510, retaining ring; 511, air valve; 512, second air duct; 513, second tension spring; 601, placement seat; 602, guide groove; 603, guide seat; 604, clamping plate; 605, transmission cavity; 606, support frame; 607, first drive motor; 608, first threaded rod; 609, annular cavity; 610, gear ring; 611, second drive motor; 612, transmission gear; 701, first air storage unit; 702, third air duct; 703, air collecting pipe; 704, second air storage unit; 705, fourth air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1, the present invention provides as follows Figures 1 to 13The device for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection is shown, comprising a base 1, a camera 2 and a height adjustment component 3, wherein the camera 2 is used for collecting image information, and the height adjustment component 3 comprises a lifting platform 301 that can be adjusted up and down, an adjustment frame 302 is fixedly provided on the top of the base 1, a second threaded rod 303 is rotatably provided inside the adjustment frame 302, a third driving motor 304 is fixedly provided on the top of the adjustment frame 302, a rotating shaft of the third driving motor 304 is fixedly connected to the second threaded rod 303, the lifting platform 301 is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod 303, and the height adjustment component 3 is used for adjusting the height of the camera 2. Specifically, the third driving motor 304 is controlled to drive the second threaded rod 303 to rotate synchronously, so that the second threaded rod 303 drives the camera 2 to move synchronously through the lifting platform 301, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the camera 2.

[0044] It also includes a cleaning assembly 4, which includes a mounting frame 401 fixedly arranged on the front side of the lifting platform 301, a mounting plate 402 is rotatably arranged inside the mounting frame 401, a camera 2 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the mounting plate 402, the mounting plate 402 can drive the camera 2 to be stored in the mounting frame 401, and when the camera 2 follows the mounting plate 402 and is completely stored in the mounting frame 401, the shooting angle of the camera 2 is in a horizontal state. Telescopic rods 403 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting frame 401, and the two telescopic rods 403 always maintain the same motion state, and a limit plate 404 that slides up and down along the side of the mounting frame 401 is fixedly arranged on the top of each telescopic rod 403, and the two telescopic rods 403 can push the two limit plates 404 to move up and down along the mounting frame 401 synchronously, and a limit slot 405 is provided on each limit plate 404, and a limit pin 406 located in the limit slot 405 on the same side is fixedly arranged on both sides of the mounting plate 402. A cavity 407 is provided inside the lifting platform 301, and a first piston plate 408 is provided inside the cavity 407 in a sealing and sliding manner. The first piston plate 408 divides the cavity 407 into a first piston chamber 409 and a second piston chamber 410. A first piston rod 411 that penetrates into the interior of the mounting frame 401 is fixedly provided on the front side of the first piston plate 408, a connecting plate 412 is fixedly provided on the rear side of the mounting plate 402, a slide groove 413 is provided on the connecting plate 412, a slide rod 414 located in the slide groove 413 is fixedly provided on the front end of the first piston rod 411, an air guide ring 415 is fixedly provided on the front side of the mounting plate 402, a plurality of blowing holes 416 are provided on the air guide ring 415, a first air guide pipe 417 is provided in communication between the air guide ring 415 and the first piston chamber 409, and the cleaning component 4 is used to clean the camera 2.

[0045] When it is necessary to clean the surface of the camera 2 lens, the telescopic rod 403 is controlled to be shortened, and the telescopic rod 403 will drive the limit plate 404 to move downward. During this process, the limit plate 404 cooperates with the limit groove 405 and the limit pin 406 to make the mounting plate 402 rotate in the mounting frame 401, and the mounting plate 402 is rotated out of the mounting frame 401 with the camera 2. In the process of rotating out, the mounting plate 402 will drive the first piston rod 411 to extend through the cooperation of the slide groove 413 and the slide rod 414. During the process of extending the first piston rod 411, the first piston plate 408 will push the gas in the first piston chamber 409 to be blown out from the multiple blowing holes 416 through the first air guide pipe 417 and the air guide ring 415, so as to blow the surface of the camera 2 lens.

[0046] By using the mounting plate 402, telescopic rod 403, limit plate 404, first piston plate 408, first piston rod 411 and first piston chamber 409 in coordination, gas can be blown to the surface of the camera 2 lens, thereby achieving the effect of cleaning the surface of the camera 2 lens and avoiding errors in the detection results due to contamination of the camera 2 lens.

[0047] The angle adjustment assembly 5 includes a rotating plate 501, two rotating shafts 502 are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating plate 501, a concave cavity 503 is opened on the top of the base 1, and the rotating plate 501 is rotatably arranged on the top of the concave cavity 503 through the rotating shaft 502, an adjustment seat 504 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 1, a third piston cavity 505 is opened inside the adjustment seat 504, a second piston plate 506 is sealed and slidably arranged inside the third piston cavity 505, and a second piston plate 506 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston plate 506 The second piston rod 507 passes through the bottom of the adjustment seat 504, and a top block 508 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston rod 507. The bottom of the top block 508 is round and abuts against the top of the rotating plate 501. A first tension spring 509 is fixedly arranged between the top of the second piston plate 506 and the third piston cavity 505. A snap ring 510 located above the second piston plate 506 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the third piston cavity 505. The snap ring 510 can limit the highest position of the second piston plate 506. The top of the adjustment seat 504 is provided with an air valve 511 connected to the third piston cavity 505. The top of the third piston cavity 505 is connected with a second air guide pipe 512. The other end of the second air guide pipe 512 is connected to the second piston cavity 410. A second tension spring 513 is fixedly arranged between the bottom of the rotating plate 501 and the concave cavity 503, and the second tension spring 513 is located on the side away from the adjustment seat 504. The angle adjustment component 5 is used to adjust the angle of the casting.

[0048] When there is no need to adjust the angle of the casting, the air valve 511 is always in an open state. At this time, under the tension of the first tension spring 509, the second piston plate 506 presses against the bottom of the retaining ring 510. At this time, the top block 508 is in the highest position it can reach, and at this time, the bottom of the top block 508 and the top surface of the base 1 are in the same plane. At the same time, under the tension of the second tension spring 513, the top surface of the rotating plate 501 presses against the bottom of the top block 508. At this time, under the tension of the second tension spring 513 and the pressing action of the top block 508, the rotating plate 501 is stably restricted to a position in the same plane as the top surface of the base 1, that is, the rotating plate 501 and the casting are always in a horizontal state. When the casting needs to be adjusted in angle, the telescopic rod 403 is first controlled to shorten. At this time, the gas in the first piston chamber 409 will clean the surface of the camera 2 lens. At the same time, the external gas is sucked into the second piston chamber 410 through the gas valve 511 and the second air duct 512. When the mounting plate 402 is rotated to the maximum angle, the gas valve 511 is closed. At this time, the telescopic rod 403 is controlled to extend so that the mounting plate 402 is rotated back into the mounting frame 401. In this process, the gas in the second piston chamber 410 will be squeezed into the third piston chamber 505 through the second air duct 512 under the action of the first piston plate 408, and push the second piston plate 506 to move downward. At this time, the second piston plate 506 will push the top block 508 to move downward through the second piston rod 507, so that the top block 508 pushes the rotating plate 501 to overcome the pulling force of the second tension spring 513 and rotate downward around the rotating shaft 502, so that the rotating plate 501 drives the casting to rotate synchronously. When it is necessary to restore the rotating plate 501 and the casting to a horizontal state, open the air valve 511, and the gas in the third piston chamber 505 will be discharged to the outside through the air valve 511. At this time, the top block 508 no longer applies downward pressure to the rotating plate 501. Under the tension of the second tension spring 513, the rotating plate 501 and the casting will return to a horizontal state.

[0049] Through the coordinated use of the third piston chamber 505, the second piston plate 506, the top block 508, the first tension spring 509, the air valve 511, the second air guide tube 512, the second tension spring 513 and the second piston chamber 410, when there is no need to adjust the casting angle, the air valve 511 is kept in an open state, and the rotating plate 501 and the casting will always be in a horizontal state. When the casting angle needs to be adjusted, it is only necessary to make the first piston plate 408 squeeze the second piston chamber 410 and switch the opening and closing state of the air valve 511, so that the top block 508 can push the rotating plate 501 to rotate, thereby adjusting the casting angle, and then the casting surface points can be imaged from different angles to ensure the accuracy of image acquisition. Moreover, according to the results of the re-detection after the angle adjustment, it can be judged whether the light source setting is reasonable, so that the tester can adjust the detection conditions in time. In addition, in the process of adjusting the casting angle, the cleaning component 4 will simultaneously blow and clean the camera 2 lens to ensure that the camera 2 lens is always in a clean state.

[0050] The clamping assembly 6 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the rotating plate 501, and includes a placement seat 601. A plurality of guide grooves 602 are evenly provided on the top of the placement seat 601. A guide seat 603 is slidably arranged inside each guide groove 602. A clamping plate 604 is fixedly arranged on the top of each guide seat 603. A transmission cavity 605 is provided inside the placement seat 601. A support frame 606 is fixedly arranged inside the transmission cavity 605. A first driving motor 607 is fixedly arranged on the top of the support frame 606. A first threaded rod 608 is rotatably arranged inside each guide groove 602. One end of the plurality of first threaded rods 608 close to each other penetrates into the transmission cavity 605, and the first threaded rod 608 and the transmission cavity 605 are sealed and rotatably arranged. The rotating shaft of the first driving motor 607 is transmission-connected to the plurality of first threaded rods 608 through a bevel gear set, and each guide seat 603 is threadedly connected to the corresponding first threaded rod 608. An annular cavity 609 is provided inside the rotating plate 501, a gear ring 610 is fixedly provided on the outer circumferential surface of the placement seat 601, the placement seat 601 is rotatably provided in the middle of the rotating plate 501 through the gear ring 610, and the gear ring 610 extends to the inside of the annular cavity 609, a second drive motor 611 is fixedly provided on the top of the rotating plate 501, a transmission gear 612 located in the annular cavity 609 is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft of the second drive motor 611, and the transmission gear 612 is meshed with the gear ring 610. The clamping assembly 6 is used to clamp and fix the casting and drive the casting to rotate.

[0051] When clamping and fixing the casting, first place the casting on the top of the placement seat 601, start the first drive motor 607, and the first drive motor 607 will drive the multiple guide seats 603 to move synchronously along the corresponding guide grooves 602 through the multiple first threaded rods 608, so that the multiple clamping plates 604 move away from each other synchronously until they abut against the inner circumferential surface of the casting, thereby clamping and fixing the casting. In the process of testing the casting, the second drive motor 611 can drive the placement seat 601 to rotate through the transmission gear 612 and the gear ring 610, so that the casting rotates, so that the camera 2 can collect images of different points on the surface of the casting.

[0052] It should be noted that the camera 2, telescopic rod 403, air valve 511, first drive motor 607, second drive motor 611 and third drive motor 304 are all connected to the industrial control computer of the visual inspection device via electrical signals and are controlled by the industrial control computer.

[0053] In summary, when defects are detected on the valve surface and an alarm is issued, the air valve 511 is first kept in an open state, and the telescopic rod 403 is controlled to shorten to achieve a separate cleaning of the camera 2 lens. After the camera 2 lens is cleaned, the telescopic rod 403 is extended, and the camera 2 is restored to a horizontal shooting angle. The image is collected at this point again to determine whether there are defects. If the detection result at this time is that there are no defects, the reason for the alarm this time is that there is dirt on the camera 2 lens. In fact, there are no defects on the casting surface, and subsequent detection operations can be continued. If the detection result is still defective at this time, by changing the state of the telescopic rod 403 and the air valve 511, the angle of the casting is adjusted to make the casting in an inclined state. At this time, the illumination at the point where the defect alarm occurs will change to a certain extent. The height of the camera 2 is adjusted so that the shooting point of the camera 2 is still located at the point where the alarm occurs. At this time, the image of the point is collected again and it is judged whether there is a defect. If the detection result is that there is no defect, the reason for the alarm this time is that the reflective points on the surface of the casting are caused by the unreasonable setting of the light source, not that there is a real defect on the surface of the casting. The detector needs to adjust the light source in time, and then continue to perform subsequent detection operations. If the detection result is still defective at this time, it means that there is indeed a defect at this point of the casting. At the same time, by adjusting the position of the camera 2 to a position higher than the top of the casting, and turning the camera 2 out of the mounting frame 401, the camera 2 is in an inclined state at this time, and the shooting angle is directly on the top of the casting, which is convenient for image collection on the top of the casting to judge whether there is a defect on the top of the casting.

[0054] Embodiment 2: When the angle of the casting is adjusted in the above embodiment, due to the large mass of the casting and the fact that the inner circular surface of the casting is not completely regular, it is impossible to ensure that the clamping plate 604 can stably clamp and fix the casting. As the rotating plate 501 drives the casting to tilt, the casting is likely to fall off or shift in position. The shift or fall of the casting will affect the accuracy of the detection and pose a safety hazard. Therefore, based on the above problem, the scheme of the present invention is further improved so that when the angle of the casting is adjusted, the casting can be further expanded and fixed automatically, so that the casting can always be stably fixed on the placement seat 601 during the angle adjustment process, ensuring the accuracy of the detection result and also improving the safety during the detection process.

[0055] Specifically, Figure 5-7 , Fig. 9 and Fig.12 As shown, it also includes an expansion component 7, which is arranged between the angle adjustment component 5 and the clamping component 6, including a first air storage part 701, the first air storage part 701 is fixedly arranged on the side of the bottom of the rotating plate 501 close to the adjustment seat 504, one side of the first air storage part 701 is connected with a third air guide pipe 702, the other end of the third air guide pipe 702 is connected with the transmission cavity 605, a gas collecting pipe 703 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the rotating plate 501, and the gas collecting pipe 703 is connected with the transmission cavity 605, one side of each clamping plate 604 is fixedly arranged with a second air storage part 704, one side of each second air storage part 704 is connected with a fourth air guide pipe 705, and each fourth air guide pipe 705 is connected with the gas collecting pipe 703. The expansion component 7 is used to strengthen the clamping and fixing strength of the casting.

[0056] It should be noted that, since the first threaded rod 608 and the transmission chamber 605 are sealed and rotated, there will be no air leakage at the connection between the first threaded rod 608 and the transmission chamber 605. Moreover, under the action of the support frame 606, there is a certain gap between the bottom of the first drive motor 607 and the bottom of the transmission chamber 605, that is, the gas can freely enter and exit the third air guide pipe 702 through the transmission chamber 605.

[0057] When the angle of the casting is adjusted, the rotating plate 501 rotates, and the first air storage section 701 will be squeezed. The gas in the first air storage section 701 will enter the transmission cavity 605 through the third air duct 702, and then enter the multiple second air storage sections 704 through the air collecting pipe 703 and multiple fourth air ducts 705. At this time, the multiple second air storage sections 704 expand and are tightened on the inner circular surface of the casting.

[0058] Through the coordinated use of the first gas storage unit 701, the third gas pipe 702, the gas collecting pipe 703, the second gas storage unit 704 and the fourth gas pipe 705, when the angle of the casting is adjusted, the second gas storage unit 704 expands to further tighten and fix the casting, thereby preventing the casting from being displaced or falling off during the angle adjustment process, ensuring the accuracy of the test results, and improving the safety during the test. At the same time, during the movement of the gas in the first gas storage unit 701 through the transmission cavity 605 to the second gas storage unit 704, the gas will contact the surface of the first drive motor 607, and during the continuous contact process, the gas can take away the heat generated by the first drive motor 607, thereby dissipating the heat of the first drive motor 607, avoiding overheating of the first drive motor 607, and thus extending the service life of the first drive motor 607.

[0059] Embodiment 3, the present invention also provides as follows Fig.14 A method for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1. Preparation: Adjust the parameters of the visual inspection device according to the specifications of the casting, pre-set the comparison inspection standards of the casting, and clean the surface of the casting. Specifically, select a suitable camera 2 and light source according to the specifications of the casting to be inspected for defects, and pre-set the casting parameters that meet the standards in the industrial computer. At the same time, clean the dust and other dirt on the surface of the casting to avoid affecting the inspection process.

[0061] S2. Casting fixation: Place the casting on the visual inspection device and fix the casting. Specifically, place the casting stably on the visual inspection device and ensure that the casting will not loosen during the inspection process to ensure the smooth progress of the inspection process.

[0062] S3, image acquisition: the image information of the casting surface is collected by the visual inspection device. Specifically, the camera 2 captures and collects the casting surface information, obtains a clear image as the basic data information for judging the inspection result, and uploads the collected image information to the industrial computer.

[0063] S4, image comparison: The collected casting surface image is analyzed by the image processing algorithm of the visual inspection device and compared with the pre-set inspection standard. Specifically, the industrial computer uses the image processing algorithm to perform denoising and other processing operations on the collected image information, and compares the processed image with the pre-set casting parameters that meet the standards.

[0064] S5. Result judgment: Evaluate the surface quality of the casting based on the comparison results and judge whether the casting is qualified for processing.

[0065] S6, loop inspection: loop S3-S5, and perform visual inspection on other points of the casting. Specifically, by controlling the operation of the visual inspection device to inspect each point of the casting, a comprehensive defect inspection of the casting surface is achieved.

[0066] S7. Information recording and reporting: Record the test comparison results and generate a corresponding test report. The test is completed.

[0067] Specifically, S5 further includes the following steps:

[0068] S51: When the result is qualified, the process proceeds to S6. When the result is unqualified, the process proceeds to S52. Specifically, when the result is qualified, S6 is executed to continue to inspect other points of the casting. When the result is unqualified, S52 is executed to clean the lens surface of the camera 2.

[0069] S52: Clean the lens of camera 2, then loop S3-S5, and if the result is qualified, go to S6. If the result is unqualified, go to S53. Specifically, after cleaning the lens surface of camera 2, collect the image of the point again and judge the result. If the result is qualified, execute S6 and continue to detect other points of the casting. If the result is unqualified, execute S53 to adjust the height of camera 2 and the angle of the casting.

[0070] S53: Adjust the height of camera 2 and the angle of the casting, then loop S3-S5, and if the result is qualified, enter S6. If the result is unqualified, enter S7. Specifically, after adjusting the height of camera 2 and the angle of the casting, collect the image of the point again and judge the result. If the result is qualified, execute S6 and continue to detect other points of the casting. If the result is unqualified, execute S7 and finally judge the casting as having defects.

[0071] By performing multi-level analysis on the situation when the defect alarm is issued, the cause of the alarm can be accurately determined, and the influence of external factors on the detection results can be effectively eliminated, so as to determine whether the cause of the alarm is caused by real defects on the casting surface, and avoid misjudgment.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection, comprising a base (1), a camera (2) and a height adjustment component (3), wherein the camera (2) is used to collect image information, and the height adjustment component (3) comprises a lifting platform (301) that can be adjusted up and down, which is used to adjust the height of the camera (2), characterized in that: Also includes: a cleaning assembly (4), comprising a mounting frame (401) fixedly arranged on the front side of the lifting platform (301), a mounting plate (402) being rotatably arranged inside the mounting frame (401), the camera (2) being fixedly arranged on the front side of the mounting plate (402), and the cleaning assembly (4) being used to clean the camera (2); The cleaning assembly (4) further comprises telescopic rods (403) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting frame (401); a limit plate (404) is fixedly arranged on the top of each telescopic rod (403) and slides up and down along the side of the mounting frame (401); a limit groove (405) is provided on each limit plate (404); and limit pins (406) located in the limit groove (405) on the same side are fixedly arranged on both sides of the mounting plate (402); A cavity (407) is provided inside the lifting platform (301), a first piston plate (408) is provided inside the cavity (407) in a sealing and sliding manner, the first piston plate (408) divides the cavity (407) into a first piston cavity (409) and a second piston cavity (410), a first piston rod (411) which penetrates into the interior of the mounting frame (401) is fixedly provided on the front side of the first piston plate (408), a connecting plate (412) is fixedly provided on the rear side of the mounting plate (402), a sliding groove (413) is provided on the connecting plate (412), a sliding rod (414) located in the sliding groove (413) is fixedly provided at the front end of the first piston rod (411), an air guide ring (415) is fixedly provided on the front side of the mounting plate (402), a plurality of air blowing holes (416) are provided on the air guide ring (415), and a first air guide pipe (417) is provided in communication between the air guide ring (415) and the first piston cavity (409); An angle adjustment component (5), comprising a rotating plate (501), two rotating shafts (502) being symmetrically fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating plate (501), a concave cavity (503) being provided on the top of the base (1), the rotating plate (501) being rotatably arranged on the top of the concave cavity (503) via the rotating shafts (502), and the angle adjustment component (5) being used to adjust the angle of the casting; A clamping assembly (6) rotatably disposed in the middle of the rotating plate (501), the clamping assembly (6) being used to clamp and fix the casting and drive the casting to rotate; The expansion and support assembly (7) is arranged between the angle adjustment assembly (5) and the clamping assembly (6), and the expansion and support assembly (7) is used to strengthen the clamping and fixing force of the casting.

2. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly (5) further comprises an adjustment seat (504) fixedly arranged on the top of the base (1); a third piston chamber (505) is provided inside the adjustment seat (504); a second piston plate (506) is sealingly and slidably arranged inside the third piston chamber (505); a second piston rod (507) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston plate (506) and extends to the bottom of the adjustment seat (504); a top block (508) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second piston rod (507); the bottom of the top block (508) is circular and abuts against the top of the rotating plate (501); a first tension spring (509) is fixedly arranged between the top of the second piston plate (506) and the third piston chamber (505).

3. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual inspection according to claim 2, characterized in that: A retaining ring (510) located above the second piston plate (506) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the third piston chamber (505); the retaining ring (510) is capable of limiting the highest position of the second piston plate (506).

4. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air valve (511) communicating with the third piston chamber (505) is provided at the top of the adjustment seat (504); a second air guide pipe (512) is provided at the top of the third piston chamber (505); the second air guide pipe (512) is communicated with the second piston chamber (410); a second tension spring (513) is fixedly provided between the bottom of the rotating plate (501) and the concave chamber (503); and the second tension spring (513) is located on a side away from the adjustment seat (504).

5. The device for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (6) comprises a placement seat (601), a plurality of guide grooves (602) are evenly arranged on the top of the placement seat (601), a guide seat (603) is slidably arranged inside each guide groove (602), and a clamping plate (604) is fixedly arranged on the top of each guide seat (603).

6. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transmission cavity (605) is provided inside the placement seat (601), a support frame (606) is fixedly provided inside the transmission cavity (605), a first drive motor (607) is fixedly provided on the top of the support frame (606), a first threaded rod (608) is rotatably provided inside each of the guide grooves (602), one end of a plurality of the first threaded rods (608) close to each other all penetrates into the transmission cavity (605), and a sealed rotation arrangement is provided between the first threaded rods (608) and the transmission cavity (605), a rotating shaft of the first drive motor (607) is transmission-connected to the plurality of first threaded rods (608) via a bevel gear set, and each of the guide seats (603) is threadedly connected to the corresponding first threaded rod (608).

7. A valve casting surface defect detection device based on visual detection according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular cavity (609) is provided inside the rotating plate (501), a gear ring (610) is fixedly provided on the outer circumferential surface of the placement seat (601), the placement seat (601) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the rotating plate (501) via the gear ring (610), and the gear ring (610) extends into the annular cavity (609), a second driving motor (611) is fixedly provided on the top of the rotating plate (501), a transmission gear (612) located in the annular cavity (609) is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft of the second driving motor (611), and the transmission gear (612) is meshed with the gear ring (610).

8. The device for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion support assembly (7) comprises a first air storage portion (701), the first air storage portion (701) being fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the rotating plate (501) close to the adjustment seat (504), a third air guide pipe (702) being arranged in communication with one side of the first air storage portion (701), the third air guide pipe (702) being in communication with the transmission chamber (605), a gas collecting pipe (703) being fixedly arranged in the middle of the top end of the rotating plate (501), the gas collecting pipe (703) being in communication with the transmission chamber (605), a second air storage portion (704) being fixedly arranged on one side of each of the clamping plates (604), a fourth air guide pipe (705) being arranged in communication with one side of each of the second air storage portions (704), and each of the fourth air guide pipes (705) being in communication with the gas collecting pipe (703).

9. The device for detecting surface defects of valve castings based on visual inspection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment assembly (3) further comprises an adjustment frame (302) fixedly arranged on the top of the base (1); a second threaded rod (303) is rotatably arranged inside the adjustment frame (302); a third drive motor (304) is fixedly arranged on the top of the adjustment frame (302); a rotation shaft of the third drive motor (304) is fixedly connected to the second threaded rod (303); and the lifting platform (301) is threadedly connected to the second threaded rod (303).

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