Continuous multi-time high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion ablation test method

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous multi-time high-temperature high-speed gas erosion ablation test method, and relates to the field of performance tests.A simulation test device is adopted and comprises a testboard, a supporting assembly, a fixing assembly and a positioning assembly, and the supporting assembly, the fixing assembly and the positioning assembly are sequentially arranged on the end face of the testboard from left to right; the method comprises the following specific test steps: placing and fixing a plurality of groups of erosion and ablation generators and a metal sample piece, supporting the erosion and ablation generators by the supporting assembly, moving the positioning assembly forwards to carry out performance test, moving the positioning assembly backwards, rotating the metal sample piece, moving the positioning assembly forwards again to carry out secondary performance test, and repeatedly carrying out performance test and sampling analysis for multiple times. According to the test method, multiple continuous high-temperature and high-speed gas scouring and ablation tests of the metal structural member can be ensured under the same test condition, so that the performance of the metal structural member made of high-toughness steel is effectively evaluated, the test efficiency is improved, and the test error is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of performance testing, and in particular to a method for continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed fuel gas erosion and ablation testing. Background Art

[0002] Steel is the most important, main and largest technical material in engineering technology. In the existing technology, in order to make steel structures have some special properties (such as high hardness, high wear resistance, high toughness, corrosion resistance, etc.), one or more alloy elements are usually added to carbon steel to form alloy steel. High-strength and tough steel is a metal material with high wear resistance, high toughness, high strength, excellent fatigue resistance and processing performance formed by injecting alloy elements on the basis of carbon steel.

[0003] At present, high-strength and toughness steel is widely used in aerospace, vehicle engineering, special equipment and other fields. In some special fields, metal structural parts made of high-strength and toughness steel (such as gun barrels made of high-strength and toughness steel, etc.) will be subjected to continuous and multiple erosion and ablation of high-temperature and high-speed gas during use, which will lead to defects such as melting, organizational changes, and cracks inside the structural parts. Therefore, in the design process of metal structural parts using strong and tough steel, it is usually necessary to test and verify the structural parts to evaluate their resistance to high-temperature and high-speed gas ablation.

[0004] In the prior art, semi-closed exploders and other devices are often used to conduct erosion and ablation tests on metal structural parts represented by high-strength and toughness steel; however, semi-closed exploders and other devices can only complete a single erosion and ablation during a round of tests. After the test, the sample or test device needs to be readjusted and repositioned, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot effectively simulate the actual working conditions of metal structural parts (for example, during use, the barrel of a gun is subjected to continuous and multiple instantaneous erosion and ablation by high-speed gunpowder gas in the same environment, rather than a single erosion and ablation), resulting in low guidance of the test results; at the same time, the use of existing semi-closed exploders and other devices for multiple erosion and ablation tests has problems such as changes in environmental factors or positioning errors during adjustment and positioning, and thus cannot ensure that multiple erosion and ablation are performed under the same environmental factors, resulting in low accuracy and large errors in the test results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation tests. The test method can ensure that multiple continuous high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation tests of metal structural parts are carried out under the same test conditions, thereby effectively evaluating the performance of metal structural parts made of high-strength and toughness steel, improving test efficiency and reducing test errors.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method adopts a simulation test device, which includes a test bench, a support component, a fixing component and a positioning component. The end face of the test bench is provided with a support component, a fixing component and a positioning component from left to right in sequence, and the support component and the positioning component are respectively slidably connected to the test bench, and the fixing component is fixedly connected to the test bench; The specific test steps are: Step 1: First, place multiple groups of erosion and ablation generators on the fixing assembly, place the metal sample on the positioning assembly, and clamp and fix the erosion and ablation generators and the metal sample respectively; Step 2: Start the support assembly to move forward (i.e., move toward the fixed assembly) so that the support assembly supports the erosion and ablation generator; Step 3, start the positioning component to move forward (i.e., move in a direction close to the fixed component) so that a set of erosion and ablation generators correspond to the metal sample, and then start the erosion and ablation generators to perform performance testing; Step 4: The positioning assembly moves backward, the metal sample rotates to correspond to another set of erosion and ablation generators, the positioning assembly moves forward again, and then the erosion and ablation generators are started to perform a secondary performance test; Step 5: Repeat step 4 until all flushing and ablation generators have completed the test; Step 6: Loosen and remove the flushed ablation generator and metal sample respectively, and analyze the results.

[0007] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the support assembly includes a first mounting seat, a first positioning frame, a support ring and a strut. The support ring is arranged on the end face of the first mounting seat through the first positioning frame and the first mounting seat is slidably connected to the test bench. A plurality of struts are evenly arranged on the support ring around its central axis; the fixing assembly includes a fixing seat, a second positioning frame, a fixing ring and a clamping tool. The fixing ring is arranged on the end face of the fixing seat through the second positioning frame and the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the test bench. A first mounting hole is opened in the fixing ring corresponding to the strut and a clamping tool is arranged on the outer ring of the first mounting hole. The clamping tool is arranged around the central axis of the fixing ring The lines are evenly distributed; the positioning assembly includes a second mounting seat, a third positioning frame, a rotating ring and a positioning fixture; the rotating ring is arranged on the second mounting seat through the third positioning frame and the second mounting seat is slidably connected to the test bench, and the positioning fixture is arranged on the rotating ring; the central axis of the supporting ring, the fixed ring and the rotating ring are collinear, and the inner diameters of the supporting ring, the fixed ring and the rotating ring are consistent; the erosion and ablation generator is installed on the clamping fixture, and the metal sample is installed on the positioning fixture, and the positioning fixture corresponds to the clamping fixture (that is, to ensure that the metal sample on the positioning fixture corresponds to the erosion and ablation generator on one of the clamping fixtures).

[0008] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the length of the erosion and ablation generator is 60 to 300 mm, and the outer diameter is φ20 to φ60 mm.

[0009] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the number of the first mounting holes is 6 to 20, that is, the number of the clamping tools is 6 to 20 groups; the inner diameter of the first mounting hole is φ20.5 to φ70 mm.

[0010] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the clamping tool adopts two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms, and the two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the fixed ring, which (i.e., the three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism) includes two arc-shaped fixed blocks, an arc-shaped sliding block, a sliding sleeve, a sliding rod and a group of first springs. The two arc-shaped fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the side walls of the fixed ring and the two arc-shaped fixed blocks are symmetrically arranged about the corresponding first mounting hole center axis. The sliding sleeve is slidably arranged on the side wall of the fixed ring and the sliding sleeve corresponds to the arc-shaped sliding block of the same group. The sliding rod is slidably connected to one end of the sliding sleeve close to the arc-shaped sliding block and the end of the sliding rod away from the sliding sleeve is connected to the opposite The arc-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected, and the end of the sliding rod away from the arc-shaped sliding block is connected to the corresponding inner cavity of the sliding sleeve through the first spring; the sliding sleeves of the two corresponding three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms are connected by a connecting rod and the connecting rod passes through the fixed ring, and the fixed ring has a vertical groove corresponding to the connecting rod; multiple groups of connecting rods control their sliding in the vertical groove through annular gears, specifically: an annular gear coaxial with it (i.e., the fixed ring) is rotatably set on the side surface of one side of the fixed ring, and the inner ring of the annular gear is located outside the first mounting hole, and arc grooves are evenly opened on the annular gear corresponding to the connecting rod, so that the connecting rod drives the sliding sleeve to slide along the vertical groove through the rotation of the annular gear.

[0011] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the inner wall of the arc-shaped fixed block and the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding block are provided with transverse ridges evenly distributed along the central axis of the fixed ring.

[0012] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the third positioning frame, specifically: the third positioning frame is composed of two "7"-shaped support rods, which (i.e., the two "7"-shaped support rods) are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat, and the two ends of the rotating ring are respectively slidably clamped on one end of the two "7"-shaped support rods away from the second mounting seat; an outer gear ring is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating ring, and a first gear is arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat corresponding to the rotating ring, and the first gear is meshed with the outer gear ring, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotating ring in the third positioning frame.

[0013] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the positioning tool includes a clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The rotating ring opens a second mounting hole corresponding to the metal sample and the clamping mechanism corresponds to the second mounting hole arranged on the side of the rotating ring close to the fixed ring, and the positioning mechanism corresponds to the second mounting hole arranged on the side of the rotating ring away from the fixed ring; the clamping mechanism includes two arc-shaped fixed blocks, an arc-shaped sliding block, a fixed sleeve, a sliding rod and a group of first springs. The two arc-shaped fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating ring close to the fixed ring and the two arc-shaped fixed blocks are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second mounting hole. The fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged On the side wall of one side of the rotating ring close to the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve corresponds to the arc-shaped sliding block, the sliding rod is slidably connected to one end of the fixed sleeve close to the arc-shaped sliding block and the end of the sliding rod away from the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped sliding block, and the end of the sliding rod away from the arc-shaped sliding block is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve through a first spring; the positioning mechanism includes three groups of positioning block assemblies and the three groups of positioning block assemblies are evenly distributed around the central axis of the second mounting hole, the positioning block assembly is composed of an arc-shaped support block and a support baffle, the arc-shaped support block is fixedly connected to the side surface of the rotating ring away from the fixed ring and the support baffle is fixedly set at one end of the arc-shaped support block away from the rotating ring.

[0014] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the outer diameter of the metal sample is φ18~φ50mm.

[0015] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the number of the second mounting holes is 1 to 4, that is, the number of the positioning tools is 1 to 4 groups; the inner diameter of the second mounting hole is φ20.5 to φ55 mm.

[0016] Based on the further optimization of the above scheme, the sliding of the second mounting seat and the rotation of the annular gear are realized by a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a screw, a sliding block, an annular top block, a driven shaft assembly, a second gear and a connecting gear; the sliding block is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the second mounting seat away from one end of the fixed seat and the test bench is provided with a first slide rail corresponding to the sliding block, the screw is rotatably arranged in the first slide rail of the test bench and the screw is parallel to the central axis of the rotating ring, the sliding block is slidably clamped in the first slide rail and the middle part thereof (i.e. the sliding block) is penetrated by the screw, and the sliding block is threadedly connected to the screw; the sliding block is close to one side side of the fixed ring and an annular top block is fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the screw; the driven shaft assembly comprises a spline shaft, a positioning light rod and a second spring, the spline shaft is fixedly connected to the positioning light rod and they are coaxial, the spline shaft is arranged on the side of the screw close to the fixed ring, and the end of the positioning light rod away from the spline shaft rotates The screw is movable in the middle part of the screw, the positioning polished rod is coaxial with the screw, a coaxial spline groove is provided at the end of the screw close to the spline shaft and located on the outer ring of the positioning polished rod, and a positioning spline is correspondingly provided on the outer wall of the positioning polished rod, and the screw, the positioning polished rod and the spline shaft are rotated simultaneously and in the same direction by the positioning spline being clamped in the spline groove; the spline shaft is close to the outer wall of one end of the screw and corresponds to the annular top block fixedly sleeved with an annular limit block; the connecting gear is rotationally arranged on the fixed seat corresponding to the annular gear and the connecting gear is meshed with the annular gear, a second gear is arranged on the outer wall of the spline shaft corresponding to the connecting gear and the second gear is meshed with the connecting gear, and a spline hole is provided in the middle part of the second gear corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft; a coaxial spring groove is provided on the side of the spline shaft away from the screw, and the end of the spline shaft away from the screw is connected to the spring groove by a second spring, and a key groove is provided on the inner wall of the spring groove corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft.

[0017] Based on further optimization of the above solution, the connecting gear is arranged on a fixed seat through a gear bracket.

[0018] Based on further optimization of the above scheme, the translation speed of the positioning component (i.e., the second mounting seat) in step four is 10 to 80 mm / s, and the rotation speed of the metal sample (i.e., the rotating ring) is 10° / s to 30° / s; the backward or forward movement distance of the positioning component (i.e., the second mounting seat) in step four is 20 to 100 mm.

[0019] The following are the technical effects that the present invention has: The present application uses the support rod of the support assembly to support the scouring and ablation generator in the fixing assembly through the cooperation of a high-rigidity and high-precision support assembly, a fixing assembly and a positioning assembly, so as to avoid the problem of the scouring and ablation generator being offset due to the reaction force generated by the high-temperature and high-speed combustion gas during the test; the scouring and ablation generator is clamped and fixed by the three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism of the fixing assembly, so as to achieve the stable clamping of multiple scouring and ablation generators at the same time, improve the clamping efficiency, and ensure that multiple scouring and ablation generators are evenly distributed around the same central axis, thereby ensuring the subsequent continuous scouring and ablation tests and avoiding the need for repositioning or adjustment; the metal sample is clamped and fixed by the positioning fixture of the positioning assembly, thereby effectively ensuring the stability of the metal sample, and at the same time, the rotation around its own axis is used to ensure that the metal sample can correspond to different scouring and ablation generators, so that multiple continuous scouring and ablation tests can be completed without the need for re-clamping, positioning, installation and other operations, thereby effectively simulating the actual use conditions of the metal sample.

[0020] At the same time, the test method of the present application is easy to operate, and the structure of the entire simulation test device is simple. It does not require a complicated installation process to achieve stable installation and disassembly of the erosion and ablation generator and the metal sample, effectively improving the test efficiency and avoiding changes in the experimental environment caused by increased test time. At the same time, the present application can realize multiple consecutive erosion and ablation tests after one installation and positioning, avoiding problems such as rhythm interruption and error generation caused by test re-adjustment, installation, and positioning, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the simulation test device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the simulation test device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of B.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 CC section view.

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of G in the middle.

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of H in the figure.

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of D in the middle.

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of E.

[0030] Fig.10 for Figure 2 F direction view.

[0031] Among them, 10, test bench; 11, first slide rail; 12, spring groove; 21, first mounting seat; 22, first positioning frame; 23, support ring; 24, support rod; 30, erosion and ablation generator; 31, fixed seat; 32, second positioning frame; 33, fixed ring; 331, first mounting hole; 332, vertical groove; 340, connecting rod; 341, arc-shaped fixed block; 342, arc-shaped sliding block; 343, sliding sleeve; 344, sliding rod; 345, first spring; 35, ring gear; 351, arc-shaped groove; 352, connecting gear; 3 53. second gear; 3530. spline hole; 40. metal sample; 41. second mounting seat; 42. third positioning frame; 43. rotating ring; 431. second mounting hole; 432. outer gear ring; 441. fixed sleeve; 442. arc-shaped support block; 443. support baffle; 45. first gear; 451. motor; 452. rotating seat; 51. screw; 52. sliding block; 53. annular top block; 541. spline shaft; 5410. annular limit block; 542. positioning light rod; 5420. positioning spline; 543. second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1: A method for continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation tests, using a simulation test device, the simulation test device includes a test bench 10, a support component, a fixing component and a positioning component, the end face of the test bench 10 is provided with a support component, a fixing component, a positioning component (such as Figure 1 As shown), the supporting assembly and the positioning assembly are respectively slidably connected to the test bench 10 (that is, the first mounting seat 21 of the supporting assembly is slidably connected to the test bench 10, and the second mounting seat 41 of the positioning assembly is slidably connected to the test bench 10), and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the test bench 10 (that is, the fixing seat 31 of the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the test bench 10 by fixing bolts).

[0034] The support assembly includes a first mounting seat 21, a first positioning frame 22, a support ring 23 and a support rod 24. The support ring 23 is arranged on the end surface of the first mounting seat 21 through the first positioning frame 22 (fixed) (see Figure 1 As shown: a first positioning frame 22 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall at both ends of the support ring 23, and the bottom end of the first positioning frame 22 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the first mounting seat 21) and the first mounting seat 21 is slidably connected to the test bench 10 (the end surface of the test bench 10 is provided with a second slide rail for the first mounting seat 21, and the second slide rail is out of position with the first slide rail 11 of the second mounting seat 21, see Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the end surface of the test bench 10 is provided with two second slide rails corresponding to the first mounting seat 21, and the two second slide rails are arranged correspondingly with respect to the first slide rail 11. A plurality of support rods 24 (such as Figure 1 as shown).

[0035] The fixing assembly includes a fixing seat 31, a second positioning frame 32, a fixing ring 33 and a clamping tool. The fixing ring 33 is arranged on the end surface of the fixing seat 31 through the second positioning frame 32 (refer to Figure 1 As shown: a second positioning frame 32 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall at both ends of the fixing ring 33, and the bottom end of the second positioning frame 32 is fixedly connected to the end surface of the fixing seat 31), and the fixing seat 31 is fixedly connected to the test bench 10 (the fixing seat 31 is fixedly connected to the test bench 10 by fastening bolts, etc.), the fixing ring 33 is provided with a first mounting hole 331 corresponding to the support rod 24, and a clamping tool is arranged on the outer circle of the first mounting hole 331, and the clamping tool is evenly distributed around the central axis of the fixing ring 33, and the inner diameter of the first mounting hole 331 is φ20.5~φ70mm (preferably φ41mm in this embodiment); the number of the first mounting holes 331 is 6~20, that is, the number of the clamping tool is 6~20 groups (such as Figure 1 As shown, the number of clamping tools in this embodiment is 8 groups, and the number of support rods 24 is also 8, which can be set according to actual conditions). The clamping tool adopts two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms, and the two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the fixing ring 33 (the first mounting hole 331) (i.e. Figure 2 The left and right sides of the fixing ring 33 shown in the figure) (i.e., a set of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism) include two arc-shaped fixing blocks 341, an arc-shaped sliding block 342, a sliding sleeve 343, a sliding rod 344 and a set of first springs 345 (combined with Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the two arc-shaped fixing blocks 341 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing ring 33 by fastening screws and the two arc-shaped fixing blocks 341 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the corresponding first mounting hole 33 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 7 As shown, the sliding sleeve 343 is slidably disposed on the side wall of the fixing ring 33 (see Figure 3If there is no annular gear 35 between the sliding sleeve 343 and the fixed ring 33, the sliding sleeve 343 is slidably connected to the side wall of the fixed ring 33; if there is annular gear 35 between the sliding sleeve 343 and the fixed ring 33, the sliding sleeve 343 and the fixed ring 33 slide relatively) and the sliding sleeve 343 corresponds to the arc-shaped sliding block 342 of the same group, and the sliding rod 344 is slidably connected to the end of the sliding sleeve 343 close to the arc-shaped sliding block 342 (combined with Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the sliding sleeve 343 has a telescopic groove in the middle of one end close to the arc-shaped sliding block 342, and the sliding rod 344 is slidably engaged in the telescopic groove, and the end of the sliding rod 344 away from the sliding sleeve 343 is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped sliding block 342, and the end of the sliding rod 344 away from the arc-shaped sliding block 342 is connected to the corresponding inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 343 (i.e., the top of the telescopic groove) through the first spring 345; the two sets of corresponding sliding sleeves 343 of the three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism are connected by a connecting rod 340, and the connecting rod 340 passes through the fixing ring 33, and the fixing ring 33 has a vertical groove 332 corresponding to the connecting rod 340 (see Figure 3 As shown); the plurality of connecting rods 340 are controlled to slide in the vertical groove 332 by the ring gear 35, specifically: a ring gear 35 coaxial with the fixing ring 33 (i.e. the fixing ring 33) is rotatably arranged on one side of the fixing ring 33, and the inner ring of the ring gear 35 is located outside the first mounting hole 331 (i.e. the inner diameter of the ring gear 35 is larger than the outer diameter of the ring formed by the first mounting hole 331, see Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the ring gear 35 can realize the rotation connection with the fixing ring 33 through the rotating brackets evenly distributed on the outer wall of the fixing ring 33 (the specific connection form between the ring gear 35 and the fixing ring 33 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is not limited in this embodiment), and the ring gear 35 is evenly provided with arc grooves 351 corresponding to the connecting rod 340, so that the connecting rod 340 drives the sliding sleeve 343 to slide along the vertical groove 332 through the rotation of the ring gear 35. The inner wall of the arc-shaped fixing block 341 and the inner wall of the arc-shaped sliding block 342 are provided with transverse ridges evenly distributed along the central axis of the fixing ring 33 (the transverse ridges can be made of the same material as the clamping tooling, and are not limited in this embodiment), and the clamping force of the arc-shaped fixing block 341 and the arc-shaped sliding block 342 on the erosion and ablation generator 30 and the friction between them are increased by the transverse ridges, so as to avoid the displacement of the erosion and ablation generator 30 due to the reaction force of the flame flow during the test, thereby causing the test failure or safety hazards.

[0036] The positioning assembly includes a second mounting seat 41, a third positioning frame 42, a rotating ring 43 and a positioning fixture. The rotating ring 43 is arranged on the second mounting seat 41 through the third positioning frame 42, and the second mounting seat 41 is slidably connected to the test bench 10. The rotating ring 43 is rotatably connected to the third positioning frame 42. Specifically, the third positioning frame 42 is composed of two "7"-shaped support rods, which (i.e., the two "7"-shaped support rods) are symmetrically arranged on the end surface of the second mounting seat 41 (such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the two ends of the rotating ring 43 are respectively slidably clamped on the ends of the two "7"-shaped support rods away from the second mounting seat 41 (for example: the outer rings of the side walls on both sides of the rotating ring 43 are respectively provided with annular ring grooves, and the ends of the "7"-shaped support rods away from the second mounting seat 41 are correspondingly provided with clamping blocks, and the clamping blocks are respectively clamped in the annular grooves and slidably connected); the outer ring of the rotating ring 43 is provided with an outer gear ring 432, and the end surface of the second mounting seat 41 and corresponding to the rotating ring 43 is provided with a first gear 45, and the first gear 45 is meshed with the outer gear ring 432 (as shown in the figure); Figure 1 As shown), the rotation of the rotating ring 43 in the third positioning frame 42 is realized; in addition, the first gear 45 is driven to rotate by a motor 451 fixedly arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat 41, specifically: the motor 451 is fixedly arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat 41 through a motor support, the first gear 45 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output shaft of the motor 451, and the end of the output shaft of the motor 451 away from the motor 451 is connected to a rotating seat 452 fixedly arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat 41 (as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The rotating ring 43 is provided with a positioning fixture, which includes a clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The rotating ring 43 is provided with a second mounting hole 431 corresponding to the metal sample 40, and the clamping mechanism corresponding to the second mounting hole 431 is arranged on a side of the rotating ring 43 close to the fixed ring 33, and the positioning mechanism corresponding to the second mounting hole 431 is arranged on a side of the rotating ring 43 away from the fixed ring 33 (see Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 4 ), the inner diameter of the second mounting hole 430 is φ20.5 to φ55 mm (preferably φ35 mm in this embodiment); Figure 4As shown in the figure: the clamping mechanism includes two arc-shaped fixed blocks 341, an arc-shaped sliding block 342, a fixed sleeve 441, a slide rod 344 and a group of first springs 345 (wherein the arc-shaped fixed blocks 341, the arc-shaped sliding block 342, the slide rod 344 and the first spring 345 are consistent with the structures in the clamping tooling), the two arc-shaped fixed blocks 341 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating ring 43 close to the fixed ring 33 by fastening screws, and the two arc-shaped fixed blocks 341 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second mounting hole 431, and the fixed sleeve 441 is fixedly arranged The rotating ring 43 is arranged on a side wall close to the fixed ring 33, and the fixed sleeve 441 corresponds to the arc-shaped sliding block 342. The sliding rod 344 is slidably connected to one end of the fixed sleeve 441 close to the arc-shaped sliding block 342, and the end of the sliding rod 344 away from the fixed sleeve 441 is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped sliding block 342. The end of the sliding rod 344 away from the arc-shaped sliding block 342 is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve 441 through the first spring 345. The positioning mechanism includes three groups of positioning block assemblies, and the three groups of positioning block assemblies are evenly distributed around the central axis of the second mounting hole 431, combined with Figure 4 and Fig.10 As shown: the positioning block assembly is composed of an arc-shaped support block 442 and a support baffle 443. The arc-shaped support block 442 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating ring 43 away from the fixed ring 33 by fastening screws, and the support baffle 443 is fixedly arranged at one end of the arc-shaped support block 442 away from the rotating ring 43 (the longitudinal section of the arc-shaped support block 442 and the support baffle 443 of the same group is an "L"-shaped structure, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 The number of the second mounting holes 431 is 1 to 4, that is, the number of the positioning fixtures is 1 to 4 groups (such as Fig.10 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of the positioning tool and the number of the second mounting hole 431 are both 1).

[0037] The sliding of the second mounting seat 41 and the rotation of the annular gear 35 are realized by a driving mechanism, which includes a screw 51, a sliding block 52, an annular top block 53, a driven shaft assembly, a second gear 353 and a connecting gear 352; the sliding block 52 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the second mounting seat 41 away from the fixed seat 31, and the test bench 10 is provided with a first slide rail 11 corresponding to the sliding block 52 (see Figure 2 As shown, the screw 51 is rotatably disposed in the first slide rail 11 of the test bench 10 and is parallel to the central axis of the rotating ring 43. The sliding block 52 is slidably engaged in the first slide rail 11 and the middle portion thereof (i.e., the sliding block 52) is penetrated by the screw 51 and the sliding block 52 is threadedly connected to the screw 51. The sliding block 52 is close to the side surface of the fixed ring 33 (i.e., Figure 2 The driven shaft assembly includes a spline shaft 541, a positioning light rod 542 and a second spring 543, and the spline shaft 541 is fixedly connected to the positioning light rod 542 and they are coaxial (see Figure 6 As shown, the spline shaft 541 is a shaft end structure with evenly distributed transverse splines on the outer wall. The spline shaft 541 is arranged on the side of the screw rod 51 close to the fixing ring 33 (i.e. Figure 2 As shown on the left side, the end of the positioning rod 542 away from the spline shaft 541 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the screw 51, and the positioning rod 542 is coaxial with the screw 51 (that is, a coaxial rotation groove is provided in the middle of one end of the screw 51 close to the spline shaft 541, and the end of the positioning rod 542 away from the spline shaft 541 is arranged in the rotation groove, and the outer wall of the positioning rod 542 and the inner wall of the rotation groove can rotate relative to each other, such as Figure 2 As shown, the screw rod 51 has a coaxial spline groove at one end close to the spline shaft 541 and located on the outer ring of the positioning polished rod 542, and the outer wall of the positioning polished rod 542 is correspondingly provided with a positioning spline 5420 (see Figure 8 When the screw 51 is retracted, the positioning spline 5420 is engaged in the spline groove to realize the simultaneous and unidirectional rotation of the screw 51, the positioning polished rod 542 and the spline shaft 541; the spline shaft 541 is close to the outer wall of one end of the screw 51 and the corresponding annular top block 53 is fixedly sleeved with the annular limit block 5410 (see Figure 8 As shown); the connecting gear 352 is rotatably arranged on the fixed seat 31 corresponding to the ring gear 35 and the connecting gear 352 is meshed with the ring gear 35. The connecting gear 352 is arranged on the fixed seat 31 through a gear bracket (the gear bracket can be arranged according to actual conditions). The outer wall of the spline shaft 541 is provided with a second gear 353 corresponding to the connecting gear 352 and the second gear 353 is meshed with the connecting gear 352. The middle part of the second gear 353 is provided with a spline hole 3530 corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft 541 (see Figure 6 As shown); the test bench 10 is located on the side of the spline shaft 541 away from the screw 51 to open a coaxial spring groove 12, the end of the spline shaft 541 away from the screw 51 is connected to the spring groove 12 through a second spring 543 (combined with Figure 2 and Fig. 9 As shown), the inner wall of the spring slot 12 has a keyway corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft 541 (at the same time, in the initial position, the outer wall of the end of the spline shaft 541 away from the screw rod 51 is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the spring slot 12).

[0038] The central axes of the support ring 23, the fixed ring 33 and the rotating ring 43 are collinear, and the inner diameters of the support ring 23, the fixed ring 33 and the rotating ring 43 are consistent; the erosion and ablation generator 30 is installed on the clamping fixture (that is, the erosion and ablation generator 30 passes through the first mounting hole 331 and is clamped and positioned by the three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism on both sides of the first mounting hole 331), the length of the erosion and ablation generator 30 is 60 to 300 mm (preferably 150 mm in this embodiment), and the outer diameter is φ20 to φ60 mm (preferably φ40 mm in this embodiment). The metal sample 40 is installed on the positioning fixture (the metal sample 40 passes through the second mounting hole 431, is supported by the positioning mechanism, and is clamped and fixed by the clamping mechanism), the outer diameter of the metal sample 40 is φ18 to φ50 mm (preferably φ34 mm in this embodiment), and the positioning fixture corresponds to the clamping fixture (that is, it is ensured that the metal sample 40 on the positioning fixture corresponds to the erosion and ablation generator 30 on one of the clamping fixtures).

[0039] The specific test steps are: Step 1: First, place multiple groups of erosion and ablation generators 30 on the fixing assembly, place the metal sample 40 on the positioning assembly, and clamp and fix the erosion and ablation generators 30 and the metal sample 40 respectively; Specifically: First, multiple groups of erosion and ablation generators 30 are placed in the corresponding first mounting holes 331 (in this embodiment, the number of erosion and ablation generators 30 is 8 groups), and metal samples 40 are placed in the corresponding second mounting holes 431 (in this embodiment, the number of metal samples 40 is 1 group), and the metal samples 40 are fixedly positioned by the positioning fixture (specifically: the metal samples 40 are fixed by the positioning fixture). Figure 1 The metal sample 40 is inserted into the second mounting hole 431 from the left side to the right side as shown, until the right end of the metal sample 40 is supported by the support baffle 443 of the positioning mechanism. At this time, the arc-shaped sliding block 342 and the sliding rod 344 of the clamping mechanism move toward the direction close to the fixed sleeve 441 due to the supporting force of the metal sample 40, and the first spring 345 is in a compressed state, so that the clamping mechanism can elastically clamp the metal sample 40). Then, the screw rod 51 is started to rotate, and the screw rod 51 drives the second mounting seat 41 to move toward the side close to the fixed seat 31 through the sliding block 52. At this time, since the positioning spline 5420 is clamped in the spline groove, the spline shaft 541 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2The left end shown is rotationally connected to the spring groove 12, so the rotation of the screw rod 51 drives the spline shaft 541 to rotate at the same time, and the spline shaft 541 drives the ring gear 35 to rotate through the second gear 353 and the connecting gear 352. During the rotation of the ring gear 35, the arc groove 351 drives each connecting rod 340 to move in the vertical groove 332 toward the end close to the central axis of the fixed ring 33, thereby pulling the sliding sleeve 343 to move, and the sliding sleeve 343 drives the sliding rod 344 and the arc sliding block 342 to move, thereby clamping the scouring and ablation generator 30. After clamping, the sliding block 342 slides in the sliding sleeve 343 and the first spring 345 is compressed, thereby increasing the clamping force on the scouring and ablation generator 30.

[0040] Step 2: Start the support assembly to move forward (i.e., move toward the fixed assembly), so that the support assembly supports the erosion and ablation generator 30; Specifically: The screw rod 51 is stopped from rotating, and the first mounting seat 21 is pushed (it can be pushed manually or driven by an electric mechanism, and the electric mechanism can be set according to the actual situation). The first mounting seat 21 drives the support ring 23 and the support rod 24 thereon to move toward the side close to the fixing ring 33 through the first positioning frame 22, until the support rod 24 and the erosion ablation generator 30 are aligned. Figure 1 As shown, the left ends are abutted against each other (ie, the support rod 24 supports the erosion and ablation generator 30 ), and the first mounting seat 21 is fixed on the test bench 10 by fasteners such as screws and bolts.

[0041] Step 3: Start the positioning assembly to move forward (i.e., move toward the direction close to the fixed assembly) so that a group of erosion and ablation generators 30 correspond to the metal sample 40, and then start the erosion and ablation generators 30 to perform performance testing; Specifically: Continue to start the screw 51 to rotate. As the screw 51 continues to rotate, the annular top block 53 approaches the annular limit block 5410, and presses against the annular limit block 5410 to follow the sliding block 52 to move toward the side close to the fixed seat 31, so that the positioning spline 5420 disengages from the spline groove, and the spline of the spline shaft 541 is engaged in the corresponding key groove of the spring groove 12. At this time, the spline shaft 541 does not rotate due to the limitation of the spring groove 12, and the second spring 543 is gradually compressed. At the same time, the second gear 353 is hard-limited in rotation by the spline shaft 541, and then the ring gear 35 is hard-limited in rotation by the connecting gear 352, thereby ensuring that the arc-shaped sliding block 342 firmly clamps the erosion generator 30. When the test sample 40 corresponds to and contacts one of the erosion and ablation generators 30 (if the test sample 40 does not correspond to any erosion and ablation generator 30 during the movement, the rotating ring 43 is driven to rotate by the motor 451 to ensure that the test sample 40 corresponds to the erosion and ablation generator 30), the screw 51 is stopped and the corresponding erosion and ablation generator 30 is started to implement the erosion and ablation test of the test sample 40.

[0042] Step 4: The positioning assembly retreats, the metal sample 40 rotates to correspond to another set of erosion and ablation generators 30, the positioning assembly moves forward again, and then the erosion and ablation generators 30 are started to perform a secondary performance test; Specifically: Stop flushing the ablation generator 30, and reverse the screw 51, so that the second mounting seat 41 retreats a distance (i.e., toward Figure 1 or Figure 2 The moving distance to the right in the direction shown must ensure that the spline of the spline shaft 541 does not separate from the keyway portion of the spring slot 12), then the rotating ring 43 is started to rotate a certain angle to correspond to another erosion and ablation generator 30, and the second mounting seat 41 is driven forward by the starting screw 51 to make the metal sample 40 contact with the erosion and ablation generator 30, and the erosion and ablation generator 30 is started for testing; this cycle is repeated until the tests of all erosion and ablation generators 30 are completed.

[0043] Among them, the translation speed of the positioning component (i.e., the second mounting seat 41) is 10 to 80 mm / s (preferably 50 mm / s), and the rotation speed of the metal sample (i.e., the rotating ring 43) is 10° / s to 30° / s (preferably 20° / s); the backward or forward movement distance of the positioning component (i.e., the second mounting seat 43) is 20 to 100 mm (preferably 60 mm).

[0044] Step 5, repeat step 4 until all flushing and ablation generators 30 have completed the test; Step 6: loosen and remove the flushed ablation generator 30 and the metal sample 40 respectively, and analyze the results.

[0045] Embodiment 2: As another preferred embodiment of the scheme of the present invention, based on the scheme of Example 1, in order to realize cooling of the erosion and ablation generator 30 during the test and avoid the erosion and ablation generator 30 from being overheated during the test, the fixing seat 31 is provided with a circulating cooling channel, and a cooling cavity is provided in the circulating cooling channel and the arc-shaped fixing block 341 of the three-petal inclusive clamping mechanism, and the circulating cooling channel is connected with the cooling cavity respectively. The cooling of the corresponding erosion and ablation generator 30 and the fixing seat 31 is realized by introducing cooling liquid or compressed air into the circulating cooling channel.

[0046] The cooling step is started simultaneously when the flushing and ablation generator 30 is started. If compressed air is used for cooling, the compression pressure of the circulating cooling channel is 0.4-0.8 MPa (preferably 0.6 MPa).

[0047] Embodiment 3: As another preferred embodiment of the scheme of the present invention, on the basis of the scheme of Example 1, the clamping tooling and the rotating tooling are processed by 40Cr, 40CrNiMo medium carbon tempered steel; at the same time, the supporting ring 23, the fixed ring 33 and the rotating ring 43 are made of high-temperature ablation-resistant alloy steel commonly used in the field, or their surfaces are respectively coated with a layer of high-temperature ablation-resistant coating (the coating can be a common coating in the field).

[0048] Embodiment 4: As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, before the test, that is, before step 1, the metal sample 40 needs to be derusted, cleaned, etc. to prevent impurities on the surface of the metal sample 40 from affecting the test results.

Claims

1. A method for continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test, characterized in that: A simulation test device is used, which includes a test bench, a support assembly, a fixing assembly and a positioning assembly. The end face of the test bench is provided with a support assembly, a fixing assembly and a positioning assembly from left to right in sequence, and the support assembly and the positioning assembly are respectively slidably connected to the test bench, and the fixing assembly is fixedly connected to the test bench; The specific test steps are: Step 1: First, place multiple groups of erosion and ablation generators on the fixing assembly, place the metal sample on the positioning assembly, and clamp and fix the erosion and ablation generators and the metal sample respectively; Step 2: Start the support assembly to move forward, so that the support assembly supports the scouring and ablation generator; Step 3: Start the positioning assembly to move forward so that a set of erosion and ablation generators correspond to the metal sample, and then start the erosion and ablation generators to perform performance testing; Step 4: The positioning assembly moves backward, the metal sample rotates to correspond to another set of erosion and ablation generators, the positioning assembly moves forward again, and then the erosion and ablation generators are started to perform a secondary performance test; Step 5: Repeat step 4 until all flushing and ablation generators have completed the test; Step 6: Loosen and remove the flushed ablation generator and metal sample respectively, and analyze the results.

2. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a first mounting seat, a first positioning frame, a support ring and a strut. The support ring is arranged on the end face of the first mounting seat through the first positioning frame, and the first mounting seat is slidably connected to the test bench. A plurality of struts are evenly arranged on the support ring around its central axis; the fixing assembly includes a fixing seat, a second positioning frame, a fixing ring and a clamping tool. The fixing ring is arranged on the end face of the fixing seat through the second positioning frame, and the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the test bench. A first mounting hole is provided in the fixing ring corresponding to the strut, and a clamping tool is arranged on the outer ring of the first mounting hole, and the clamping tool is evenly distributed around the central axis of the fixing ring; the positioning assembly includes a second mounting seat, a third positioning frame, a rotating ring and a positioning tool. The rotating ring is arranged on the second mounting seat through the third positioning frame, and the second mounting seat is slidably connected to the test bench, and the positioning tool is arranged on the rotating ring; the central axes of the support ring, the fixing ring and the rotating ring are collinear, and the inner diameters of the support ring, the fixing ring and the rotating ring are consistent; the erosion and ablation generator is installed on the clamping tool, the metal sample is installed on the positioning tool, and the positioning tool corresponds to the clamping tool.

3. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The erosion and ablation generator has a length of 60 to 300 mm and an outer diameter of φ20 to φ60 mm.

4. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The clamping fixture adopts two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms, and the two groups of three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms are correspondingly arranged on both sides of the fixed ring, which include two arc-shaped fixed blocks, an arc-shaped sliding block, a sliding sleeve, a sliding rod and a group of first springs. The two arc-shaped fixed blocks are fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed ring and the two arc-shaped fixed blocks are symmetrically arranged about the corresponding first mounting hole center axis. The sliding sleeve is slidably arranged on the side wall of the fixed ring and the sliding sleeve corresponds to the arc-shaped sliding block of the same group. The sliding rod is slidably connected to one end of the sliding sleeve close to the arc-shaped sliding block and the sliding rod is away from the sliding One end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped sliding block, and the end of the sliding rod away from the arc-shaped sliding block is connected to the corresponding inner cavity of the sliding sleeve through a first spring; the two groups of corresponding three-petal inclusive clamping mechanisms are connected by a connecting rod and the connecting rod passes through a fixed ring, and a vertical groove is provided on the fixed ring corresponding to the connecting rod; multiple groups of connecting rods control their sliding in the vertical grooves through annular gears, specifically: an annular gear coaxial with the fixing ring is rotatably set on the side surface of one side of the fixing ring and the inner ring of the annular gear is located outside the first mounting hole, and arc grooves are evenly provided on the annular gear corresponding to the connecting rod.

5. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The rotating ring is rotatably connected to the third positioning frame, specifically: the third positioning frame is composed of two "7"-shaped support rods, which are symmetrically arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat, and the two ends of the rotating ring are respectively slidably clamped on the end portions of the two "7"-shaped support rods away from the second mounting seat; an outer gear ring is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating ring, and a first gear is arranged on the end face of the second mounting seat corresponding to the rotating ring, and the first gear is meshed with the outer gear ring.

6. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning fixture includes a clamping mechanism and a positioning mechanism, a rotating ring corresponding to the metal sample has a second mounting hole, and the clamping mechanism corresponding to the second mounting hole is arranged on a side surface of the rotating ring close to the fixed ring, and the positioning mechanism corresponding to the second mounting hole is arranged on a side surface of the rotating ring away from the fixed ring; the clamping mechanism includes two arc-shaped fixed blocks, an arc-shaped sliding block, a fixed sleeve, a sliding rod and a group of first springs, the two arc-shaped fixed blocks are fixedly connected to a side wall of the rotating ring close to the fixed ring, and the two arc-shaped fixed blocks are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the second mounting hole, and the fixed sleeve is fixedly arranged on the rotating ring close to the fixed ring One side wall of the fixed ring and the fixed sleeve correspond to the arc-shaped sliding block, the sliding rod is slidably connected to one end of the fixed sleeve close to the arc-shaped sliding block, and the end of the sliding rod away from the fixed sleeve is fixedly connected to the corresponding arc-shaped sliding block, and the end of the sliding rod away from the arc-shaped sliding block is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed sleeve through a first spring; the positioning mechanism includes three groups of positioning block assemblies and the three groups of positioning block assemblies are evenly distributed around the central axis of the second mounting hole, the positioning block assembly is composed of an arc-shaped support block and a support baffle, the arc-shaped support block is fixedly connected to the side surface of the rotating ring away from the fixed ring, and the support baffle is fixedly set at one end of the arc-shaped support block away from the rotating ring.

7. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the metal sample is φ18 to φ50 mm.

8. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding of the second mounting seat and the rotation of the annular gear are realized by a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprising a screw, a sliding block, an annular top block, a driven shaft assembly, a second gear and a connecting gear; the sliding block is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the second mounting seat away from one end of the fixed seat and the test bench is provided with a first slide rail corresponding to the sliding block, the screw is rotatably arranged in the first slide rail of the test bench and the screw is parallel to the central axis of the rotating ring, the sliding block is slidably engaged in the first slide rail and the middle part is penetrated by the screw, and the sliding block is threadedly connected to the screw; the sliding block is close to one side of the fixed ring and an annular top block is fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the screw; the driven shaft assembly comprises a spline shaft, a positioning light rod and a second spring, the spline shaft is fixedly connected to the positioning light rod and they are coaxial, the spline shaft is arranged on the side of the screw close to the fixed ring, the positioning light rod The end away from the spline shaft is rotatably set in the middle part of the screw, the positioning rod is coaxial with the screw, a coaxial spline groove is provided at the end of the screw close to the spline shaft and located on the outer ring of the positioning rod, and a positioning spline is provided on the outer wall of the positioning rod correspondingly; the outer wall of the spline shaft close to one end of the screw and the corresponding annular top block is fixedly sleeved with an annular limit block; the connecting gear is rotatably set on the fixed seat corresponding to the annular gear and the connecting gear is meshed with the annular gear, a second gear is provided on the outer wall of the spline shaft corresponding to the connecting gear and the second gear is meshed with the connecting gear, and a spline hole is provided in the middle part of the second gear corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft; a coaxial spring groove is provided on the side of the spline shaft away from the screw on the test bench, the end of the spline shaft away from the screw is connected to the spring groove by a second spring, and a key groove is provided on the inner wall of the spring groove corresponding to the spline of the spline shaft.

9. A method for continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting gear is arranged on a fixing seat through a gear bracket.

10. A continuous multiple high-temperature and high-speed gas erosion and ablation test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, the translation speed of the positioning component is 10 to 80 mm / s, and the rotation speed of the metal sample is 10° / s to 30° / s; in step 4, the backward or forward movement distance of the positioning component is 20 to 100 mm.

Images