Stationary satellite land window area channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric science and remote sensing research, and particularly discloses a geostationary satellite land window area channel data assimilation method based on a mountain radiation effect, which comprises the following steps: firstly, aiming at a fixed observation area of a geostationary satellite, establishing a microtopographic factor static basic data set based on high-resolution topographic elevation data; secondly, a sub-grid terrain three-dimensional earth surface solar radiation parameterization scheme is introduced into an atmospheric numerical mode to achieve rapid calculation of earth surface radiation correction, the depicting capacity of the mode on earth surface radiation and earth surface temperature of a terrain complex area is optimized, and then the height sensitivity of land infrared brightness temperature simulation deviation along with the terrain is reduced; and the assimilation utilization rate and effect of satellite window area channel data are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric science and remote sensing research, and in particular relates to a method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of satellite detection technology, people's observation capabilities of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans and land have been significantly improved. For example, the high-temporal and spatial resolution infrared brightness temperature observations provided by the new generation of geostationary earth orbit satellites have been widely used in the inversion of meteorological elements from the surface to the upper layers, as well as in the high-resolution numerical forecasting system with rapid cycle assimilation and update, playing an indispensable and important role in the monitoring and early warning forecast of disastrous weather.

[0003] Unlike traditional ground-based meteorological observations, satellite-observed infrared brightness temperature at the top of the atmosphere provides an indirect measurement of meteorological elements. In order to effectively use these observational data in numerical weather forecasting, it is necessary to design a suitable data assimilation scheme. Among them, improving the accuracy of infrared brightness temperature under the background field of the rapid radiative transfer model simulation numerical model is one of the important development directions for improving the performance of satellite data assimilation. However, compared with satellite observations over the ocean, due to the difficulty in estimating the land surface emissivity and surface temperature, the simulated values ​​of infrared brightness temperature over land deviate greatly from observations, which in turn makes it impossible for numerical models to use these valuable surface sensitive channel data containing near-surface temperature and humidity information.

[0004] Taking the full disk observation area of ​​the AGRI imager on the Fengyun-4 satellite as an example, its notable feature is that it can conduct continuous spatiotemporal observations of a specific large area, providing valuable data support for weather monitoring and forecasting. However, in the large-scale observation area of ​​geostationary satellites, thermal characteristics such as surface radiation and surface temperature often show significant spatial heterogeneity due to the influence of the non-uniformity of the underlying topography. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in areas with complex terrain, the three-dimensional structural characteristics of the terrain (slope, aspect, sky visibility factor, terrain openness) have an important influence on the spatiotemporal distribution of surface solar radiation (direct, scattered, and reflected radiation from surrounding terrain). For example, the slope and aspect of the mountain's own terrain adjust the angle of incidence of the sun, the surrounding terrain blocks the direct solar radiation, and the openness of the terrain affects the target point's reception of scattered and reflected solar radiation from the surrounding terrain. At present, numerical models often assume that each model grid is a horizontal plane with uniform terrain and ignore the influence of the three-dimensional structure of the terrain on the surface radiation budget at the grid scale. This leads to significant errors in the spatiotemporal distribution of surface radiation flux simulated by the model in areas with complex terrain, making it difficult to reproduce its non-uniform distribution characteristics with the terrain.

[0005] In short, the simulation bias of surface radiation in complex terrain areas by numerical models will significantly affect the simulation capability of surface temperature, thereby exacerbating the simulation bias of infrared brightness temperature of land satellites, limiting the assimilation efficiency and effect of window channel data. In view of this, it is urgent to develop a geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation scheme suitable for complex terrain areas. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for assimilating data of a geostationary satellite land window channel based on mountain radiation effect, improve the numerical model's ability to simulate surface radiation and surface temperature in areas with complex terrain, and improve the performance of geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect, which is characterized by comprising:

[0009] For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data;

[0010] According to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, the static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated as the grid-scale static correction factors;

[0011] The simulated regional solar radiation flux is corrected in real time using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model;

[0012] Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution of the present invention is that, for the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of microscopic terrain factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data; including: calculating the slope of each sub-grid point based on the high-resolution terrain elevation data; , Slope , Sky Visibility Factor , and the shielding factor , establish a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors.

[0014] As a preference, the slope , Slope , Sky Visibility Factor , and the shielding factor The calculation formulas are:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] in, , At altitude The interleaved difference format is used to obtain , Directional gradient; K represents from 0 to 360 o 10 by 10 o The total number of directions of integration, and are the azimuth and maximum terrain height elevation in the kth direction respectively.

[0020] Preferably, the static terrain correction parameter of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area is calculated according to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors as a static correction factor at the grid scale; specifically, the sub-grid to grid scale aggregation calculation is performed to obtain the terrain correction amount that is independent of time at the grid scale. , , , as well as , as a static correction factor for the grid scale.

[0021] Preferably, the terrain correction amount , , , as well as The calculation formulas are:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Where n represents the total number of subgrid points i in the model grid, and are the solar zenith angle and azimuth, respectively; , ; is the slope of the secondary grid point i, is the slope aspect of the secondary grid point i, is the sky visibility factor of subgrid point i, is the shielding coefficient of the secondary grid point i.

[0028] As a preferred method, the solar radiation flux of the simulated area is corrected in real time by using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect of the sub-grid terrain is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model; specifically, the direct solar radiation representing the downward solar radiation flux of the surface at a certain point in the mountain is modified by using a grid-scale static correction factor. , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain Three parts.

[0029] Preferably, the direct solar radiation , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain The calculation formulas for the three parts are:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] in and are the downward direct and diffuse solar radiation from the surface calculated by the atmospheric numerical model according to the planar radiation scheme, is the solar constant, is the surface reflectivity.

[0034] Preferably, the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect is used to establish a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme taking into account mountain solar radiation effect, including:

[0035] Run an atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effects to perform real-time rapid correction calculations of surface solar radiation;

[0036] At each assimilation analysis moment, the surface temperature and atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressure profiles in the atmospheric numerical model forecast field are extracted, combined with the surface emissivity atlas, and the rapid radiation transfer model is used as the observation operator to obtain the infrared brightness temperature simulation value under the numerical model background field;

[0037] Valid satellite data are screened based on the difference between simulated and observed brightness temperatures, and satellite observations are fused using three-dimensional variational or ensemble Kalman filtering methods to optimize the distribution of atmospheric physical variables in the model background field and obtain the initial field for model analysis at the next atmospheric integration moment.

[0038] Another aspect of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer instructions enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect.

[0039] On the other hand, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus, and the processor calls the logic instructions in the memory to execute the above-mentioned geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect.

[0040] Beneficial effects: Compared with the traditional geostationary satellite window channel data assimilation scheme, the present invention improves the atmospheric numerical model's ability to depict the non-uniformity of surface thermal (surface radiation, surface temperature) in the geostationary satellite observation area and the prediction accuracy by considering the mountain radiation effect in the atmospheric numerical model, reduces the simulation deviation of infrared brightness temperature of geostationary satellite on land, and improves the assimilation utilization rate and effect of the existing data assimilation scheme for the geostationary satellite window channel data on land, especially in areas with complex terrain, so as to better apply it to the rapid cycle assimilation and update numerical prediction system to improve its weather forecast service skills. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the effect of terrain on the surface receiving solar radiation;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation scheme in Example 1; Figure 2 (a) is a flow chart of the traditional geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation scheme. Figure 2 (b) is a flow chart of the geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation scheme considering the mountain solar radiation effect;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a statistical result diagram of the graded downward short wave and surface temperature of the surface simulated by the conventional scheme and the scheme of the present invention with SKV in Example 1; Figure 3 (a) is a graph showing the statistical results of the grading of the surface downlink shortwave with SKV simulated by the conventional scheme and the scheme of the present invention. Figure 3 (b) is a graph showing the statistical results of the ground temperature deviation simulated by the traditional scheme and the scheme of the present invention along with the classification of SKV. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 3 The invention describes a method for assimilating data of a geostationary satellite land window channel based on mountain radiation effect.

[0046] In areas with complex terrain, such as Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, the three-dimensional structure characteristics of the terrain (slope, aspect, sky visibility factor, terrain openness) have an important influence on the temporal and spatial distribution of surface solar radiation (direct, scattered, and reflected radiation from surrounding terrain). Since the observation area of ​​geostationary earth orbit satellites is very large, the thermal characteristics such as surface radiation and surface temperature caused by terrain heterogeneity often show significant spatial heterogeneity. However, in Figure 2 In the existing data assimilation scheme shown in (a), the numerical model adopts a horizontal surface radiation scheme based on the assumption of uniform grid terrain, ignoring the impact of the three-dimensional structural characteristics of the sub-grid terrain (slope, aspect, sky visibility factor, terrain openness) on the grid-scale surface radiation budget. As a result, the predicted surface radiation and surface temperature in complex terrain areas have large errors in terms of temporal and spatial distribution and magnitude, which in turn leads to poor infrared brightness temperature capability of the satellite land window channel, limiting the utilization rate and effect of data assimilation.

[0047] Based on the above, one of the ways to improve the data assimilation performance of the geostationary satellite land window channel in complex terrain areas is to introduce a sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation parameterization scheme into the existing atmospheric numerical model, and improve the simulation accuracy of the numerical model for surface radiation, surface temperature, and land-air interaction by realistically and meticulously depicting the impact of terrain undulations on the surface radiation budget, thereby reducing the infrared brightness temperature simulation deviation of the satellite land window channel and improving the data assimilation utilization rate and effect, so as to better apply it to the rapid cycle assimilation update numerical forecast system and improve its weather forecast service performance. This results in the geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect of the present application.

[0048] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for assimilating data from a geostationary satellite land window channel based on mountain radiation effect. Figure 2As shown in (b), the update module in the dashed box and its direct gain are added to the data assimilation scheme. A data assimilation scheme for the geostationary satellite land window channel suitable for areas with complex terrain is developed. First, for the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data. Secondly, a sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation parameterization scheme is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model to realize the rapid calculation of surface radiation correction, optimize the model's ability to depict surface radiation and surface temperature in areas with complex terrain, thereby reducing the high sensitivity of the land infrared brightness temperature simulation deviation to the terrain, and improving the assimilation utilization rate and effect of satellite window channel data.

[0049] The geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect in this embodiment has the following specific steps:

[0050] S1. For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, the slope of each sub-grid point is calculated based on the ALOS 12.5m global high-resolution terrain elevation data. (Angle between slope and horizontal plane, 0~90 o Change), slope direction (The angle between the projection of the slope normal vector on the horizontal plane and the true north direction, 0~360 o Changes, true north is 0 o ), sky visibility factor (the ratio of the sky visible in the hemisphere above the target point, varying from 0 to 1), and the occlusion coefficient (value is 0 or 1), establish a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors;

[0051] slope , Slope , Sky Visibility Factor , and the shielding factor The calculation formulas are:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] in, , At altitude The interleaved difference format is used to obtain , Directional gradient; K represents from 0 to 360 o 10 by 10 oThe total number of directions of integration, and are the azimuth and maximum terrain height elevation in the kth direction respectively.

[0057] S2. Based on the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, perform aggregation calculation from sub-grid to grid scale to obtain the terrain correction value that is independent of grid scale over time. , , , as well as , as a grid-scale static correction factor;

[0058] Terrain correction , , , as well as The calculation formulas are:

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Where n represents the total number of subgrid points i in the model grid, and are the solar zenith angle and azimuth, respectively; , ; is the slope of the secondary grid point i, is the slope aspect of the secondary grid point i, is the sky visibility factor of subgrid point i, is the shielding coefficient of the secondary grid point i.

[0065] It should be noted that the terrain correction amount at the above grid scale only needs to be established once for the simulation area based on the static basic data set of micro-topography factors established by S1 before the operation of the atmospheric numerical model, and will be used subsequently to realize the rapid real-time correction calculation of surface solar radiation during the operation of the atmospheric numerical model, without affecting the calculation efficiency of the model operation.

[0066] S3. According to mountain radiation theory, the downward solar radiation flux from the surface at a certain point in the mountain is directly radiated by the sun. , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain Therefore, the direct solar radiation is corrected in real time using the grid-scale static correction factor. , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain There are three parts, and the calculation formulas for the three parts are:

[0067]

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] in and are the downward direct and diffuse solar radiation from the surface calculated by the atmospheric numerical model according to the planar radiation scheme, is the solar constant, is the surface reflectivity.

[0071] S4. Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established, including:

[0072] S41. Run the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect to perform real-time rapid correction calculation of surface solar radiation;

[0073] S42. At each assimilation analysis moment, the surface temperature and atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressure profiles in the atmospheric numerical model forecast field are extracted, and combined with the surface emissivity atlas, the rapid radiation transfer model is used as the observation operator to obtain the infrared brightness temperature simulation value under the numerical model background field;

[0074] S43. Filter valid satellite data based on the difference between simulated and observed brightness temperatures, fuse satellite observations using methods such as three-dimensional variational or ensemble Kalman filtering, optimize the distribution of atmospheric physical variables such as temperature, humidity, and cloud water in the model background field, and obtain the initial field for model analysis at the next atmospheric integration moment.

[0075] In order to verify the effect of this embodiment, taking the East Asia region within the coverage area of ​​the AGRI imager of the Fengyun-4 satellite as an example, the differences in the simulation performance of the surface downlink shortwave radiation and surface temperature in the East Asia region between the traditional scheme and this scheme are compared.

[0076] Generally speaking, the smaller the SKV value, the smaller the hemispherical sky area visible from the target point, and the more significant the impact of terrain on the surface radiation budget and surface temperature. The terrain in the field of view of the Fengyun-4 satellite is highly non-uniform. For example, in the Greater Khingan Range, Taihang Mountains, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, southeastern hills, and Indochina Peninsula, the terrain is very undulating. However, in traditional data assimilation schemes, numerical models ignore the impact of terrain heterogeneity on surface shortwave radiation and surface temperature, resulting in significant deviations in the spatiotemporal distribution and magnitude of the predicted surface shortwave radiation and surface temperature, which further limits the simulation performance of the satellite's land window channel infrared brightness temperature and the utilization rate of data assimilation. Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 As shown in (c), the surface shortwave radiation and surface temperature simulated by the traditional scheme have strong terrain sensitivity, and the extreme deviation occurs in the place with the largest terrain fluctuation. Compared with the traditional scheme, this scheme significantly reduces the terrain sensitivity of the surface shortwave radiation and surface temperature simulation deviation, and the average deviation is reduced from 59.75 to 1. Reduced by 65% ​​to 20.40 , from 1.57K to 0.73K, a 53% decrease. Thanks to the above-mentioned improvements in surface shortwave radiation and surface temperature simulation, for example, at 18:00 (UTC) on June 3, 2018, the simulated infrared brightness temperature deviations of the surface sensitive channels 11 (central wavelength 8.6µm), 12 (central wavelength 10.8µm) and 13 (central wavelength 12.0µm) of the Fengyun-4 satellite AGRI were corrected from -0.93K, -1.22K, -0.23K to -0.68K, -0.95K and 0.02K, respectively, and the overall deviation was closer to 0, indicating that this scheme can further improve the data assimilation performance of the satellite land window channel.

[0077] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, the computer instructions causing the computer to execute a geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0078] For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data;

[0079] According to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, the static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated as the grid-scale static correction factors;

[0080] The simulated regional solar radiation flux is corrected in real time using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model;

[0081] Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established.

[0082] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides an electronic device, which may include: a processor, a communications interface, a memory, and a communications bus, wherein the processor, the communications interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communications bus. The processor may call the logic instructions in the memory to execute a geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect, the method comprising the following steps:

[0083] For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data;

[0084] According to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, the static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated as the grid-scale static correction factors;

[0085] The simulated regional solar radiation flux is corrected in real time using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model;

[0086] Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established.

[0087] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program code.

[0088] Embodiment 4: This embodiment provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute a geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect. The method includes the following steps:

[0089] For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data;

[0090] According to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, the static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated as the grid-scale static correction factors;

[0091] The simulated regional solar radiation flux is corrected in real time using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model;

[0092] Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established.

[0093] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0094] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assimilating data from a geostationary satellite land window channel based on mountain radiation effect, characterized in that: include: For the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite, a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established based on high-resolution terrain elevation data; According to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors, the static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated as the grid-scale static correction factors; The simulated regional solar radiation flux is corrected in real time using a grid-scale static correction factor, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model; Based on the atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effect, a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme considering mountain solar radiation effect is established.

2. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The static basic data set of micro-topographic factors is established for the fixed observation area of ​​the geostationary satellite based on the high-resolution terrain elevation data; including: calculating the slope of each sub-grid point based on the high-resolution terrain elevation data; , Slope , Sky Visibility Factor , and the shielding factor , establish a static basic data set of micro-topographic factors.

3. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: slope , Slope , Sky Visibility Factor , and the shielding factor The calculation formulas are: ； ； ； ； in, , At altitude The interleaved difference format is used to obtain , Directional gradient; K represents from 0 to 360 o 10 by 10 o The total number of directions of integration, and are the azimuth and maximum terrain height elevation in the kth direction respectively.

4. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The static terrain correction parameters of the atmospheric numerical model simulation area are calculated according to the static basic data set of micro-topographic factors as the grid-scale static correction factors; Specifically, perform aggregation calculation from sub-grid to grid scale to obtain the terrain correction value that is independent of time at the grid scale. , , , as well as , as a static correction factor for the grid scale.

5. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Terrain correction , , , as well as The calculation formulas are: ； ； ； ； ； Where n represents the total number of subgrid points i in the model grid, and are the solar zenith angle and azimuth, respectively; , ; is the slope of the secondary grid point i, is the slope aspect of the secondary grid point i, is the sky visibility factor of subgrid point i, is the shielding coefficient of the secondary grid point i.

6. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The grid-scale static correction factor is used to correct the simulated regional solar radiation flux in real time, and the sub-grid terrain three-dimensional surface solar radiation effect is introduced into the atmospheric numerical model; Specifically, the direct solar radiation representing the downward solar radiation flux from the surface at a certain point in the mountain is modified by using a grid-scale static correction factor. , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain Three parts.

7. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The direct solar radiation , solar diffuse radiation and received solar radiation reflected from the surrounding terrain The calculation formulas for the three parts are: ； ； ； in and are the downward direct and diffuse solar radiation from the surface calculated by the atmospheric numerical model according to the planar radiation scheme, is the solar constant and 𝛾 is the surface reflectivity.

8. The method for assimilating geostationary satellite land window channel data based on mountain radiation effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The atmospheric numerical model based on the coupled mountain solar radiation effect is used to establish a geostationary satellite land surface sensitive channel data assimilation scheme taking into account the mountain solar radiation effect, including: Run an atmospheric numerical model coupled with mountain solar radiation effects to perform real-time rapid correction calculations of surface solar radiation; At each assimilation analysis moment, the surface temperature and atmospheric temperature, humidity and pressure profiles in the atmospheric numerical model forecast field are extracted, combined with the surface emissivity atlas, and the rapid radiation transfer model is used as the observation operator to obtain the infrared brightness temperature simulation value under the numerical model background field; Valid satellite data are screened based on the difference between simulated and observed brightness temperatures, and satellite observations are fused using three-dimensional variational or ensemble Kalman filtering methods to optimize the distribution of atmospheric physical variables in the model background field and obtain the initial field for model analysis at the next atmospheric integration moment.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions enabling a computer to execute the geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device, comprising: A processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, and the processor calls the logic instructions in the memory to execute the geostationary satellite land window channel data assimilation method based on mountain radiation effect as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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