High-voltage direct-current contactor structure with high voltage and low voltage separated

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage direct-current contactor structure with high voltage and low voltage separated, which comprises an outer cover, a main contact, a magnet assembly, a movement mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, and is characterized in that the main contact is connected with the upper part of the outer cover, the arc extinguishing mechanism, the movement mechanism and the magnet assembly are all arranged in the outer cover, and the arc extinguishing mechanism is connected with the upper part of the outer cover and the main contact; the movement mechanism is connected with the arc extinguishing mechanism and the magnet assembly, and the magnet assembly is connected with the movement mechanism and the arc extinguishing mechanism. The circuit is mainly used for avoiding damage or influence of faults such as short circuit, electric leakage or breakdown of the high-voltage circuit on the low-voltage circuit under the condition of load on-off high voltage and large current, preventing mutual interference between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit, and avoiding influence of the high-voltage circuit on the low-voltage circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage direct current contactors, and in particular relates to a high-voltage direct current contactor structure with high- and low-voltage separation. Background Art

[0002] As my country's aviation technology continues to advance, new requirements for contactors have been put forward, such as high voltage, high current, light weight, small size, and strong air tightness. At present, during the use of contactors, there is no corresponding separation device between the high voltage of the coil lead wire and the main contact, and the creepage distance and electrical clearance are very small. There is a risk of high and low voltage breakdown under high-voltage working conditions. The existing solution uses plastic plates and adhesives for isolation, which is costly, difficult to process, and has poor isolation effect. Therefore, high and low voltage separation under high voltage and high current has become the most critical technology in DC contactors to solve the core problems of low reliability and poor maintainability of electromechanical system products.

[0003] High and low voltage separation design is one of the important technical means in the process of electrical energy transmission, conversion and control. Its main principle is to isolate the circuits to ensure that there is no mutual interference and breakdown between high and low voltages, thereby ensuring the safety of the circuits and the temperature resistance of operation.

[0004] The high-low voltage separation design can improve the safety and reliability of the circuit, avoid the damage or impact on the low-voltage circuit caused by the short circuit, leakage or breakdown of the high-voltage circuit, prevent the mutual interference between the high-voltage circuit and the low-voltage circuit, and avoid the impact of the interference of the high-voltage circuit on the low-voltage circuit.

[0005] The patent document with application number CN2021102329579 discloses a high-power DC contactor, which uses magnetic steel to prevent the polarity direction from causing the arc to be drawn to both sides. When the positive pole of the current is connected to the left static contact, the magnetic arc blows upward, and when the negative pole of the current is connected to the left static contact, the magnetic arc blows downward, and the square ceramic piece is symmetrical up and down, and the arc extinguishing effect is the same. The contactor's contact rod is a special-shaped structure, not a bridge-type double-breakpoint structure, and the contactor cannot use the voltage drop of the arc itself to improve the volt-ampere characteristics of the arc.

[0006] Patent document with application number CN2020101286213 discloses a high-power high-voltage DC contactor, which can quickly extinguish arcs by setting magnetic steel between and on both sides of the moving contacts to increase the effective magnetic field. The moving contact of the contactor is a special-shaped structure, not a bridge-type double-breakpoint structure. The contactor cannot use the voltage drop of the arc itself to improve the volt-ampere characteristics of the arc. The contactor does not have a setting to separate the auxiliary contacts from the external terminals of the main contacts.

[0007] The patent document with application number CN2023222177770 discloses a bridge-type double-breakpoint contact independent arc extinguishing structure, which uses an isolation plate and a core rod design to be integrated, so that the moving and static contacts move in the same arc extinguishing chamber, and the arc generated by the left and right contacts is blocked by the isolation plate, so as to achieve the effect of rapid arc cooling. An isolation plate is set at the top of the core rod of this structure, and a micro switch is set at the corresponding position of the shell at the top of the core rod of this application. The auxiliary contact pushes the micro switch button through the cap brim piece on the upper part of the iron core to realize the conversion. This structure does not have a setting for separating the auxiliary contact from the external terminal of the main contact. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation.

[0009] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0010] The present invention provides a high-voltage direct current contactor structure with high-low voltage separation, comprising an outer cover, a main contact, a magnet assembly, a moving mechanism and an arc extinguishing mechanism, wherein the main contact is connected to the upper part of the outer cover, the arc extinguishing mechanism, the moving mechanism and the magnet assembly are all arranged in the outer cover, the arc extinguishing mechanism is connected to the upper part of the outer cover and the main contact, the moving mechanism is connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism and the magnet assembly, and the magnet assembly is connected to the moving mechanism and the arc extinguishing mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the magnet assembly comprises an iron core and a coil, the iron core passes through the coil, a groove A is arranged on the iron core, and the outer wall of the coil is connected to the iron yoke.

[0012] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a core rod and a moving contact piece, one end of the core rod is connected to the moving contact piece, an elastic member A is arranged between the core rod and the moving contact piece, the core rod passes through the elastic member A and is connected, the material of the elastic member A includes carbon steel, and the other side of the core rod passes through the elastic member B and is connected.

[0013] Preferably, the arc extinguishing mechanism includes an arc extinguishing hood and an arc extinguishing plate, the top of the arc extinguishing hood is connected to the arc extinguishing plate, the arc extinguishing plate is connected to the inner wall of the top of the outer cover, magnetic steel is arranged on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing hood, the arc extinguishing plate is made of ceramic, and the main contact passes through the arc extinguishing plate and the arc extinguishing hood.

[0014] Preferably, the magnet assembly and the arc extinguishing mechanism are connected via a flange, screws are provided on the flange, and a groove B is provided on the flange.

[0015] Preferably, the magnet assembly comprises a brim piece, and the iron core is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cover via the brim piece.

[0016] Preferably, an auxiliary contact is arranged at the bottom of the outer cover, the auxiliary contact is fastened to the outer cover by bolts, a main contact external terminal is arranged on the top of the main contact, the main contact external terminal is connected to the main contact, and an upper cover is arranged on the top of the outer cover.

[0017] Preferably, a mounting block is provided at the waist of the outer wall of the outer cover, and a mounting hole is provided on the mounting block.

[0018] Preferably, a micro switch is arranged in the outer cover, and the material of the outer cover includes metal.

[0019] Preferably, the arc extinguishing hood is made of plastic, and an air outlet is provided on the arc extinguishing hood.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention uses a stable magnetic field generated by magnetic steel and combines it with the arc extinguishing feature of gas in the arc extinguishing hood, so that the contactor can control high-power loads and has the advantages of small size, long life, compact structure, short arc spraying distance, relatively easy parts processing, and high assembly efficiency.

[0022] 2. Under high power load, the assessment requirements for contactor contact materials are reduced, and conventional contact materials can also meet the performance index requirements.

[0023] 3. The present invention is mainly used to solve the problem of load switching at high voltage and high current, to avoid damage or influence on low voltage circuit caused by short circuit, leakage or breakdown of high voltage circuit, to prevent mutual interference between high and low voltage circuits, and to avoid influence of high voltage circuit on low voltage circuit.

[0024] 4. The DC contactor structure with high and low voltage separation is not only reasonable in structure, easy to process and install, and can well achieve high and low voltage isolation, but also can greatly reduce the contactor's external dimensions, which can further expand the contactor's applicable scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a top view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1-outer cover, 2-main contact, 3-magnet assembly, 31-iron core, 311-groove A, 32-coil, 33-iron yoke, 34-cap brim, 4-movement mechanism, 41-core rod, 42-moving contact piece, 43-elastic member A, 44-elastic member B, 5-arc extinguishing mechanism, 51-arc extinguishing cover, 52-arc extinguishing plate, 53-magnet, 6-micro switch, 7-flange, 71-screw, 72-groove B, 8-auxiliary contact, 9-main contact external terminal, 10-upper cover, 11-mounting block, 12-mounting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.

[0033] Example:

[0034] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation includes an outer cover 1, a main contact 2, a magnet assembly 3, a moving mechanism 4 and an arc extinguishing mechanism 5, the main contact 2 is connected to the upper part of the outer cover 1, and two main contacts 2 can be symmetrically arranged, the arc extinguishing mechanism 5, the moving mechanism 4 and the magnet assembly 3 are all arranged in the outer cover 1, the arc extinguishing mechanism 5 is connected to the upper part of the outer cover 1 and the main contact 2, the moving mechanism 4 is connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism 5 and the magnet assembly 3, and the magnet assembly 3 is connected to the moving mechanism 4 and the arc extinguishing mechanism.

[0035] The overall structure of the contactor adopts a longitudinal structure layout. From bottom to top, the inside of the outer cover 1 is the auxiliary contact 8 (external auxiliary contact terminal) → magnet assembly 3 → motion mechanism 4 → arc extinguishing mechanism 5 → main contact external terminal 9; the outside is sealed by laser welding of the metal outer cover 1. The moving contact piece 42 and the main contact 2 are composed of metal materials with good conductivity, and the arc resistance performance of the main contact 2 is better than that of the moving contact piece 42. Among them, the main contact 2 is the high-voltage end, and the auxiliary contact 8 is the low-voltage end.

[0036] The magnet assembly 3 includes an iron core 31 and a coil 32. The iron core 31 is arranged to penetrate the coil 32. A groove A311 is arranged on the iron core 31. The outer wall of the coil 32 is connected to the iron yoke 33. According to the principle of electromagnetism, the coil 32 is energized to activate the motion mechanism 4, thereby realizing the connection between the moving contact piece 42 and the main contact 2. When the coil 32 is de-energized, the moving contact piece 42 and the main contact 2 are disconnected.

[0037] The motion mechanism 4 includes a core rod 41 and a moving contact piece 42, one end of the core rod 41 is connected to the moving contact piece 42, an elastic member A43 is arranged between the core rod 41 and the moving contact piece 42, the core rod 41 penetrates the elastic member A43 for connection, the core rod 41 penetrates the flange 7, the elastic member A43 and the elastic member B44 are made of carbon steel, the other side of the core rod 41 penetrates the elastic member B44 for connection, and one end of the elastic member B44 is placed in the groove A311 for sliding connection. The elastic member A43 and the elastic member B44 can be springs, and the elastic member B44 is used to assist the core rod 41 in rebounding.

[0038] Under the action of the iron core 31 and the coil 32, the core rod 41 drives the moving contact piece 42 to move upward (coil 32 is switched on and off) and downward (coil 32 is powered off), and forms a closed (coil 32 is switched on and off) and disconnected (coil 32 is powered off) state with the main contact 2. The elastic member A43 is the main contact spring, and a certain spring compression amount is preset. At the same time, a certain re-compression distance of the spring needs to be reserved, so that after the main contact 2 is closed, the elastic member A43 continues to be compressed for a certain distance, forming an overtravel of the main contact 2, providing pressure for the main contact 2, and ensuring the reliable contact of the main contact 2 in various environments and the loss of the contact during the entire life cycle.

[0039] The arc extinguishing mechanism 5 includes an arc extinguishing cover 51 and an arc extinguishing plate 52. The top of the arc extinguishing cover 51 is connected to the arc extinguishing plate 52. The arc extinguishing plate 52 is connected to the inner wall of the top of the outer cover 1. Two magnetic steels 53 are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing cover 51. The arc extinguishing plate 52 is made of ceramic. The arc extinguishing plate 52 has the function of isolating and extinguishing the arc and has high impact resistance. The main contact 2 passes through the arc extinguishing plate 52 and the arc extinguishing cover 51. The arc extinguishing cover 51 is made of plastic, and an air outlet is arranged on the arc extinguishing cover 51.

[0040] Two permanent magnets 53 are closely attached to the inner walls of the arc extinguishing cover 51 to form a permanent magnetic field, the direction of which is perpendicular to the plane formed by the double breakpoints. The electronic contacts for coil switching are arranged outside the arc extinguishing cover 51 .

[0041] The magnetic steel 53 allows the arc to be quickly blown into the arc extinguishing cavity formed by the arc extinguishing cover 51 under the action of the magnetic field when an arc is formed between the main contact 2 and the moving contact piece 3, so that the energy of the arc is continuously reduced under the action of the gas, and the arc is completely broken at a certain point on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing cover 51, and the arc is extinguished, while the residual arc is ejected from the gas outlet of the bottom arc extinguishing cover 51, and the arc ejection distance is very small, so that it is quickly cooled and extinguished. By changing the arc blowing direction of the magnetic field, both the forward and reverse arcs can move to the specified position, realizing the bidirectional arc extinguishing function. The arc extinguishing principle of the arc extinguishing structure 5 is that when the main contact is disconnected, two arcs will be generated between the contacts at both ends. Due to the magnetic blowing effect of the left and right magnetic steels 53, the arc between the contacts is elongated, and the arc is quickly extinguished under the action of the cooling of the inner wall of the arc extinguishing cover 51 and the deionization of the internal gas.

[0042] The overall structure of the arc extinguishing mechanism 5 adopts a bridge-type double-breakpoint structure. The double-breakpoint contacts can use the voltage drop of the arc itself to improve the volt-ampere characteristics of the arc. When the circuit is broken, two arcs in series are formed on the double-breakpoint contacts. Under the same conditions and the same current, the cathode voltage drop and the anode voltage drop are twice that of the single breakpoint. Therefore, it can obtain a higher volt-ampere characteristic under a smaller gap, which is conducive to rapid arc extinguishing.

[0043] The contact spring is mainly made of high-strength carbon steel wire that has been aged. When the contact is closed, it provides a certain pressure to the moving contact piece, reduces the contact voltage drop, and accelerates the contact disconnection.

[0044] The magnet assembly 3 and the arc extinguishing mechanism 5 are connected through a flange 7, and screws 71 are provided on the flange 7. The arc extinguishing cover 51 is connected and fastened to the flange 7 through the screws 71. A groove B72 is provided on the flange 7, and the other end of the elastic member B44 is placed in the groove B72 for sliding connection.

[0045] The magnet assembly 3 includes a brim piece 34 , and the iron core 31 is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cover 1 through the brim piece 34 .

[0046] An auxiliary contact 8 is arranged at the bottom of the outer cover 1, and the auxiliary contact 8 is fastened to the outer cover 1 by bolts. One or more auxiliary contacts 8 can be arranged. A main contact external terminal 9 is arranged on the top of the main contact 2, and the main contact external terminal 9 is connected to the main contact 2. An upper cover 10 is arranged on the top of the outer cover 1. When in use, the upper cover 10 is a tool for connecting the main contact 2 (main terminal) table, plays a sealing role, and separates the two main contacts 2 to prevent high voltage breakdown.

[0047] The auxiliary contact 8 is completely separated from the main contact 2, and the micro switch 6 is installed on both sides of the coil 32 in the outer cover 1 through two mounting brackets. As the main contact 2 is connected, the auxiliary contact 8 pushes the micro switch 6 button through the cap brim 34 under the iron core 31 to achieve conversion. The present invention adopts a high-low voltage separation structure, but the high and low voltages are converted synchronously.

[0048] The outer wall waist of the outer cover 1 is provided with a mounting block 11, and the mounting block 11 is provided with a mounting hole 12. The four mounting holes 12 designed at the waist are used for installing the bushing and are installed on the corresponding connection surface by bolts when in use.

[0049] A micro switch 6 is arranged in the outer cover 1, and the material of the outer cover 1 includes metal. The micro switch 6 is arranged on both sides of the coil 32. The outer cover 1 is made of stainless steel and sprayed with black paint to ensure the strength and the product's ability to withstand three-proof tests. Sealing is performed by laser welding.

Claims

1. A high voltage DC contactor structure with high and low voltage separation, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer cover (1), a main contact (2), a magnet assembly (3), a moving mechanism (4) and an arc extinguishing mechanism (5); the main contact (2) is connected to the upper part of the outer cover (1); the arc extinguishing mechanism (5), the moving mechanism (4) and the magnet assembly (3) are all arranged in the outer cover (1); the arc extinguishing mechanism (5) is connected to the upper part of the outer cover (1) and the main contact (2); the moving mechanism (4) is connected to the arc extinguishing mechanism (5) and the magnet assembly (3); and the magnet assembly (3) is connected to the moving mechanism (4) and the arc extinguishing mechanism.

2. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet assembly (3) comprises an iron core (31) and a coil (32); the iron core (31) is arranged to penetrate the coil (32); a groove A (311) is arranged on the iron core (31); and the outer wall of the coil (32) is connected to an iron yoke (33).

3. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The motion mechanism (4) comprises a core rod (41) and a movable contact piece (42), one end of the core rod (41) is connected to the movable contact piece (42), an elastic member A (43) is arranged between the core rod (41) and the movable contact piece (42), the core rod (41) penetrates the elastic member A (43) and is connected, the material of the elastic member A (43) comprises carbon steel, and the other side of the core rod (41) penetrates the elastic member B (44) and is connected.

4. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing mechanism (5) comprises an arc extinguishing cover (51) and an arc extinguishing plate (52); the top of the arc extinguishing cover (51) is connected to the arc extinguishing plate (52); the arc extinguishing plate (52) is connected to the inner wall of the top of the outer cover (1); a magnetic steel (53) is arranged on the inner wall of the arc extinguishing cover (51); the arc extinguishing plate (52) is made of ceramic; and the main contact (2) passes through the arc extinguishing plate (52) and the arc extinguishing cover (51) to be connected.

5. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet assembly (3) and the arc extinguishing mechanism (5) are connected via a flange (7), a screw (71) is provided on the flange (7), and a groove B (72) is provided on the flange (7).

6. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The magnet assembly (3) comprises a brim piece (34), and the iron core (31) is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the outer cover (1) via the brim piece (34).

7. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary contact (8) is arranged at the bottom of the outer cover (1), and the auxiliary contact (8) is connected and fastened to the outer cover (1) by means of bolts; a main contact external terminal (9) is arranged at the top of the main contact (2), and the main contact external terminal (9) is connected to the main contact (2); and an upper cover (10) is arranged at the top of the outer cover (1).

8. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting block (11) is arranged at the waist of the outer wall of the outer cover (1), and a mounting hole (12) is arranged on the mounting block (11).

9. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A micro switch (6) is arranged inside the outer cover (1), and the material of the outer cover (1) includes metal.

10. A high-voltage DC contactor structure with high-low voltage separation as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing cover (51) is made of plastic, and an air outlet is arranged on the arc extinguishing cover (51).

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