A beam control method based on metasurface array and metasurface antenna unit

Abstract

The present application relates to a beam control method and a metasurface antenna unit based on a metasurface array. It includes: determining the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the feed center for the current unit to be adjusted; determining the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtaining the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of the unit to be adjusted; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be disconnected; repeating the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in the metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed. The present application can flexibly control the antenna radiation direction and antenna gain through software algorithms, which can meet the needs of the bridge in different application scenarios and save hardware resources compared to traditional bridge antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a beam control method based on a metasurface array and a metasurface antenna unit. Background Art

[0002] A wireless bridge is a wireless network bridge. It uses wireless transmission to build a communication bridge between two or more networks. To understand a wireless bridge from the perspective of its function, it can be used to connect two or more independent network segments. These independent network segments are usually located in different buildings, hundreds of meters to tens of kilometers apart. It can be widely used in the interconnection between different buildings. A wireless bridge transmission system usually consists of two or more wireless devices. Due to the two-way transmission of data, each device must have the ability to send and receive wireless signals. Radio electromagnetic wave signals can be transmitted using air as the transmission medium, which can solve many problems of wired deployment and construction difficulties: such as obstacles such as highways, rivers, and mountain streams, or hardened roads, which make wired deployment and construction difficult.

[0003] Among them, the antenna is an important part of the wireless bridge, which is used to transmit and receive wireless signals. Without the antenna, the wireless bridge cannot communicate. The bridge selects a directional antenna and the greater the antenna gain, the better the antenna bridge performance. At present, the traditional directional antenna forms are parabolic antennas and microstrip antenna arrays, which correspond to long-distance point-to-point communication and short-distance point-to-multipoint communication respectively.

[0004] At present, the two antenna forms of traditional wireless bridges have certain limitations in terms of transmission distance and application scenarios. The reason is the fixed radiation characteristics of the two antennas: the microstrip antenna array has a wide 3dB beam (H plane is between about 45° and 80°) and can be used in point-to-multipoint scenarios. At the same time, the corresponding gain is low (about 9-13dBi), which is suitable for short-distance transmission (about 1-5KM); while the parabolic antenna has a narrow 3dB beam (H plane is between about 3° and 10°) and can be used in point-to-point scenarios. At the same time, the corresponding gain is high (about 20-60dBi), which is suitable for long-distance transmission (about 10-120KM). In the prior art, one of the above-mentioned different antennas is usually selected according to actual needs based on the different properties of the above-mentioned different antennas. However, its beam direction is not easy to flexibly adjust and cannot meet the application in complex scenarios. At present, no effective solution has been proposed for the problem that the beam direction cannot be flexibly adjusted based on the current antenna form in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a beam control method and a metasurface antenna unit based on a metasurface array to address the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a beam control method based on a metasurface array. The metasurface array includes at least two units to be adjusted arranged according to a preset arrangement rule, and each unit to be adjusted includes a diode structure; the method includes:

[0007] Determining the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the preset feed center to the current unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted;

[0008] Determine the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtain the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted;

[0009] When the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned off;

[0010] Repeat the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in each metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed, wherein the diode structure is used to adjust the direction of the response beam of the feed beam.

[0011] In one embodiment, obtaining a desired excitation phase based on a distance difference between a response beam of a current unit to be adjusted and a response beam of any unit to be adjusted includes:

[0012] Obtaining a preset desired beam direction and a relative distance between the current unit to be adjusted and any unit to be adjusted;

[0013] Based on the expected beam direction and the relative distance, the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted, and the expected excitation phase in the expected beam direction are calculated.

[0014] In one embodiment, the preset arrangement rule includes at least one of the following: circle, rectangle.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the type of the response beam is one of the following: reflected wave, refracted wave.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a metasurface antenna unit. The metasurface antenna unit is applied to the metasurface array as described above, and the metasurface antenna unit includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a first dielectric layer; the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer, and the second metal layer are stacked in order from top to bottom, and the unit also includes a first metal through column and a second metal through column;

[0017] The first metal layer includes two groups of metal strips arranged according to a preset rule, and a diode structure connecting the two groups of metal strips; wherein one side of the diode structure is connected to a preset power structure based on a first metal through-column, and the other side of the diode structure is connected to a second metal through-column and a second metal layer;

[0018] The second metal layer is used as a reference potential layer for radio frequency signals and a return path layer for direct current signals;

[0019] The first dielectric layer is used to support and fix the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0020] In one embodiment, the two groups of metal strips are arranged in a centrally symmetrical form, or in a fully symmetrical form.

[0021] In one embodiment, the unit also includes a second dielectric layer and a substrate, and the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer, the second metal layer, the second dielectric layer and the substrate are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the second dielectric layer is used to provide routing space for the winding structure.

[0022] In one embodiment, the power supply structure is installed on the bottom layer of the substrate, and a first channel and a second channel are arranged inside the unit, wherein the first channel connects the first metal layer and the substrate, the second channel connects the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the first metal through column is arranged in the first channel, and the second metal through column is arranged in the second channel.

[0023] In one embodiment, the operating center frequency of the unit is 5.8 GHz.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0025] Determining the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the preset feed center to the current unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted;

[0026] Determine the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtain the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted;

[0027] When the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned off;

[0028] Repeat the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in each metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed, wherein the diode structure is used to adjust the direction of the response beam of the feed beam.

[0029] The above-mentioned beam control method based on a metasurface array and a metasurface antenna unit first determine the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the feed center to the current unit to be adjusted, and determine the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtain the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted; when the difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on, and when the difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be disconnected. Repeat the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in each metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed. The present application can flexibly control the antenna radiation direction and antenna gain through software algorithms, which can meet the needs of the bridge in different application scenarios, and saves hardware resources compared to traditional bridge antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a beam control method based on a metasurface array in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metasurface array in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of array simulation logic control in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a metasurface array beam control in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a desired excitation phase calculation principle in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a super surface unit in an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 7 A side view of a metasurface unit structure;

[0037] Figure 8 is a phase diagram of a metasurface unit in different states of a diode structure in one embodiment;

[0038] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of beam scanning at different scanning angles in the xoz plane in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a beam control method based on a metasurface array 22 is provided, wherein the metasurface array 22 includes at least two units to be adjusted arranged according to a preset arrangement rule, and each unit to be adjusted includes a diode structure. The method includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S110, determining the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the preset feed center to the current unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted; determining the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtaining the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted.

[0042] The metasurface array 22 is composed of a plurality of units to be adjusted. Preferably, the array size of the metasurface array 22 is a 15×15 rectangular structure, and each unit to be adjusted in the array can be independently controlled. In practical applications, the unit to be adjusted is a programmable metasurface unit, which is generally formed by stacking a plurality of substrates and etched metal patterns. Furthermore, the unit to be adjusted in the present application also includes a diode structure, which is preferably loaded on the metal layer, wherein the on-off state of the diode structure of different units to be adjusted can be independently adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0043] In this application, Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a metasurface array 22 in an embodiment. The feed center 21 generally includes waveguide devices, polarizers, feed horns and other devices. The feed center 21 can obtain a beam scanning effect through the metasurface array 22 designed in the present application. The metasurface array 22 in the present application is in the far field region of the feed source, wherein the feed center 21 emits an initial feed beam to be adjusted. In this embodiment, it is necessary to determine the incident phase of the feed beam for any current unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted, and determine the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, wherein the response beam is the beam generated by the unit to be adjusted in response to the feed beam, and the type of the beam may be a reflected wave, a refracted wave, etc. The specific type of the response beam may be determined according to the form of the unit to be adjusted.

[0044] The specific calculation method of the incident phase of the feed beam to the current unit to be adjusted is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] in, is the distance from the feed center 21 to each unit to be adjusted, where (x f ,y f , z f ) is the position information of the feed center 21, and the position information of the unit to be adjusted is , where d is the unit spacing, N and M are the metasurface unit numbers of the array in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction, that is, the Nth row and Mth column unit, d is the unit spacing, so Nd / 2 and Md / 2 are the specific positions of the units. Therefore, the above incident phase can be obtained as:

[0047]

[0048] in, ,in, is the wavelength of air, f0 is the operating frequency, and c is the speed of light.

[0049] After obtaining the incident phase of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, the expected excitation phase is obtained according to the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any other unit to be adjusted, wherein the expected excitation phase is the excitation phase value expected for the current unit to be adjusted based on the preset expected beam direction.

[0050] Step S120, when the difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned off.

[0051] The preset range can be set by relevant technicians according to actual needs, such as 180° to 360°, 0° to 80°, 260° to 360°, etc. The difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is the excitation amplitude value. , which represents the excitation amplitude that needs to be set for the metasurface unit in order to achieve the desired excitation phase. When it is detected that the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within the above preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on. At this time, the diode structure is equivalent to an on-resistance, such as R on =2.5Ω. Similarly, when it is detected that the difference between the incident phase and the expected excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted is controlled to be disconnected. At this time, the diode structure is equivalent to a turn-off capacitor, such as C off =50fF. In summary, when the diode structure in the present application is turned on or off, it can be equivalent to different circuits, and the resonance characteristics of the metasurface unit will also change accordingly.

[0052] Step S130, repeat the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in each metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed, wherein the diode structure is used to adjust the direction of the response beam of the feed beam.

[0053] The above steps are repeated to independently adjust the on-off conditions of the diode structures in all metasurface units to be adjusted, thereby finally completing the adjustment of the response beam direction. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of array simulation logic control in an embodiment, wherein 1 and 0 correspond to the on and off states of the diode structure, respectively. In the present application, different units to be adjusted in the array can be independently regulated, which are the array states when the main beam direction is 0°, the main beam direction is 10°, the main beam direction is 20°, and the main beam direction is 30°, respectively. The preferred scanning step in the present application is 10°.

[0054] Through step S110 to step S130, the present application can individually regulate each unit to be adjusted through the diode structure of each unit according to the difference between the incident phase of the feed beam to the unit to be adjusted and the expected excitation phase of the unit to be adjusted in the metasurface array 22, and realize the beam scanning function through the phase distribution of the metasurface. The present application can flexibly control the antenna radiation direction and antenna gain through software algorithms, which can meet the needs of the bridge in different application scenarios and save hardware resources compared to traditional bridge antennas.

[0055] In one embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0056] Obtaining a preset desired beam direction and a relative distance between the front unit to be adjusted and any unit to be adjusted;

[0057] Based on the desired beam direction and the relative distance, the distance difference between the response beam of the previous unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted, and the desired excitation phase in the desired beam direction are calculated.

[0058] Specifically, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a metasurface array beam control in one embodiment, and Figure 5 The calculation principle of the expected excitation phase includes that the expected excitation phase of the current unit to be adjusted needs to be obtained from the angle of the preset expected beam direction. The calculation principle is as above. Figure 5As shown, the OA ray direction is the desired beam direction, D is any unit to be adjusted except the current unit to be adjusted, B is the horizontal coordinate of any unit to be adjusted on the x-axis, C is a virtual auxiliary point for calculating the OD length, and the line segment OA represents the distance difference between the response wave of the current unit to be adjusted and the response wave of any unit to be adjusted, so that the phase difference can be calculated based on the distance difference, and the desired excitation phase is based on the direction of the desired beam. Among them, the OC distance expression is , the distance expression of CD is , the distance expression of OD is OC+CD, and , the distance expression of OA is , so the expected excitation phase is According to this embodiment, the desired excitation phase of each unit to be adjusted can be calculated. Further, the diode structure of the corresponding unit to be adjusted can be adjusted based on the difference between the incident phase of the metasurface unit to be adjusted and the desired excitation phase.

[0059] In one embodiment, the preset arrangement rule includes at least one of the following: circle, rectangle.

[0060] Specifically, the arrangement rules of the above-mentioned metasurface array can be adjusted by relevant technical personnel according to actual needs, such as being arranged in a rectangular, circular, etc.

[0061] In one of the embodiments, the type of the response beam is one of the following: reflected wave, refracted wave.

[0062] Specifically, this application does not impose too many restrictions on the form of the metasurface unit. The response beam type is related to the form of the unit to be adjusted. The type of the above-mentioned response beam can be a reflected wave or a refracted wave. The polarization state of the electromagnetic wave in this application can also be circular polarization, linear polarization, etc., which can be flexibly designed according to the specific environment in which the equipment is used.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a metasurface antenna unit for implementing the above-mentioned metasurface array-based beam control method. The metasurface unit includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a first dielectric layer; the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer and the second metal layer are stacked in order from top to bottom, and the unit also includes a first metal column and a second metal column;

[0064] The first metal layer includes two groups of metal strips arranged according to a preset rule, and a diode structure connecting the two groups of metal strips; wherein one side of the diode structure is connected to a preset power structure based on a first metal through-column, and the other side of the diode structure is connected to a second metal through-column and a second metal layer;

[0065] The second metal layer is used as a reference potential layer for radio frequency signals and a return path layer for direct current signals;

[0066] The first dielectric layer is used to support and fix the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0067] Specifically, the metasurface array mentioned above is composed of a plurality of metasurface units, which are stacked units, and the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer and the second metal layer are stacked in order from top to bottom. In the present application, a simple metal patch stacking layer structure can be used to design the metasurface unit, and the thickness of the above-mentioned first metal layer is about 0.018mm, including two groups of metal strips arranged according to preset rules, wherein the above-mentioned preset rule design includes but is not limited to central symmetry, full symmetry and other structures, and preferably, there are two metal strips. A PIN diode structure is also loaded between the two metal strip patches in the first metal layer of the present application. In actual application, the first dielectric layer can adopt a 1.9mm FR4B dielectric plate to support and fix the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The above-mentioned second metal layer is a common stratum for radio frequency and direct current, and the thickness of the second metal layer can be set to about 0.018mm in actual application. In summary, it can be understood that the super surface unit in the present application is preferably a cubic structure, and the super surface unit is also provided with a first metal through column and a second metal through column, the metal through column is a channel structure made of metal material, the first metal through column connects one side of the diode structure with the preset power supply structure to provide voltage for the diode, and the second metal through column connects the other side of the diode structure with the second metal layer, which is equivalent to grounding the diode structure. According to the above structure, the control of the conduction or cutoff of the diode structure can be achieved. In this embodiment, there are no excessive restrictions on the structure of the super surface unit, such as the above preset power supply structure can be set on the outer wall or inside of the super surface unit; the above metal through column can also be set inside or outside the super surface unit, and its shape is not too restricted. All super surface units that meet the above definitions should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0068] In one embodiment, the above unit further comprises:

[0069] The two groups of metal strips are arranged in a centrally symmetrical form, or in a fully symmetrical form.

[0070] Specifically, the first metal layer includes two zigzag metal strips, which can be arranged in a centrally symmetrical form or in a fully symmetrical form. Different arrangements of the metal strips can be set for different antenna polarization modes, and the two metal strips need to be connected by the diode structure. The centrally symmetrical arrangement is suitable for single-polarized antennas, and the fully symmetrical arrangement is suitable for single-polarized and dual-polarized antennas. The arrangement rules of the metal strips can be set by relevant technicians according to actual needs, and are not limited to the above two arrangements.

[0071] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned unit also includes a second dielectric layer 64 and a substrate 65, and the first metal layer 61, the first dielectric layer 62, the second metal layer 63, the second dielectric layer 64 and the substrate 65 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the second dielectric layer 64 is used to provide routing space for the winding structure.

[0072] Specifically, in order to facilitate routing, a second dielectric layer 64 is also provided in this embodiment. In practical applications, the second dielectric layer 64 can be provided as a FR4B dielectric plate with a thickness of 1.9 mm, and a fan-shaped bias line is designed to reduce the influence of DC bias on RF performance. The above-mentioned substrate 65 structure is usually used to support unit structures, protect components, etc.

[0073] In one embodiment, the power structure 66 is installed on the bottom layer of the substrate 65, and a first channel 71 and a second channel 72 are arranged inside the unit, wherein the first channel 71 connects the first metal layer 61 and the substrate 65, and the second channel 72 connects the first metal layer 61 and the second metal layer 63, and the first metal through column is arranged in the first channel 71, and the second metal through column is arranged in the second channel 72.

[0074] Specifically, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a super surface unit in an embodiment, wherein Figure 7 is a side view of the super surface unit. Figure 6 It can be seen that in this embodiment, the power supply structure 66 is installed on the bottom layer of the substrate 65. Figure 7 It can be seen that the first channel 71 and the second channel 72 in this embodiment are vertically arranged inside the metasurface unit, and the first channel 71 is not connected to the second metal layer 63, and the first channel 71 passes through the hole reserved in the second metal layer 63. In this embodiment, the first metal through column is arranged inside the first channel 71, the first channel 71 connects one side of the diode structure in the first metal layer 61 and the power structure 66 mounted on the substrate 65, and the second channel 72 connects another layer of the diode structure in the first metal layer 61 and the second metal layer 63. In some preferred embodiments, the metasurface unit period LL is set to 13mm to reduce side lobes, and the specific unit size is l1=5.1mm, l2=9.3mm, Figure 8This is a reflection phase diagram of the metasurface unit when the diode structure is in the on and off states in one embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the programmable metasurface unit meets the phase difference of 180°±20° at 5.7-6GHz, and the operating center frequency is 5.8GHz.

[0075] In one embodiment, the operating center frequency of the unit is 5.8 GHz.

[0076] The present application also provides a preferred embodiment of an image layout control comparison method.

[0077] As above Figure 6 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metasurface unit in a preferred embodiment, wherein the first metal layer 61, the first dielectric layer 62, the second metal layer 63, the second dielectric layer 64 and the substrate 65 are stacked in order from top to bottom, and the first metal layer 61 includes a diode structure, one side of the diode structure is connected to a power structure 66 installed on the substrate 65 layer through a first metal through column, and the other side of the diode structure is connected to the second metal layer 63 through a second metal through column. According to the above metasurface unit, a 15×15 metasurface array is obtained, and the on-off state of the diode structure of the metasurface unit is independently adjusted according to the difference between the incident phase of the metasurface unit in the metasurface array and the expected excitation phase of each metasurface unit at the feed center, thereby changing the phase distribution of the metasurface unit to realize the beam scanning function, so as to meet the needs of different application scenarios of the bridge.

[0078] Based on the calculation principle of the excitation amplitude of the metasurface unit and the above-mentioned metasurface unit structure, a 15×15 programmable metasurface is designed. The feed line can use an end-fire Vivaldi antenna. The radiation pattern from 0° to 30° is simulated at 5.8GHz, and the scanning step is set to 10°. As the scanning angle increases, the side lobe increases. The increase in the side lobe is mainly due to the coupling between the units. Fig. 9 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of beam scanning at different scanning angles in the xoz plane. The array gain decreases with the increase of the deflection angle. When the main beam direction on the xoz plane is 0°, the gain is optimal, about 17.3dBi. When the main beam direction is 30°, the gain is minimal, about 14.5dBi.

[0079] In summary, this application designs the above-mentioned programmable metasurface by loading PIN diodes according to the working principle of the programmable metasurface. By controlling the on and off states of the PIN diodes loaded on the metasurface units, the units can obtain a phase difference of 180° between the two working states. Then, based on the above-mentioned metasurface units, this application also discloses a 15×15 1-bit programmable metasurface operating at 5.8GHz, namely the above-mentioned metasurface array. Each metasurface unit in the metasurface array, namely the above-mentioned unit to be adjusted, can be individually controlled by a PIN diode, and the beam scanning function can be realized by changing the phase distribution of the metasurface. It can be obtained from the above simulation results that the above-mentioned metasurface array can realize the beam scanning function within the range of ±30°. In addition, through different algorithm adjustments, the metasurface can meet the needs of different application scenarios at point-to-multipoint and various distances.

[0080] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear explanation in this article, the execution of these steps does not have a strict order restriction, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-mentioned embodiments can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0081] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0082] Determining the incident phase of a feed beam emitted from a preset feed center to a front unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted;

[0083] Determine the response beam generated by each unit to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtain the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the previous unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted;

[0084] When the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within a preset range, the diode structure of the front unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is outside the preset range, the diode structure of the front unit to be adjusted is controlled to be turned off;

[0085] Repeat the above steps until each unit to be adjusted is traversed, and the adjustment of the diode structure in each metasurface unit to be adjusted is completed, wherein the diode structure is used to adjust the direction of the response beam of the feed beam.

[0086] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0087] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include distributed databases based on blockchains, etc., but are not limited to this. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but are not limited to this.

[0088] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0089] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A beam control method based on a metasurface array, characterized in that: The metasurface array includes at least two units to be adjusted arranged according to a preset arrangement rule, and each of the units to be adjusted includes a diode structure; the method includes: The first determination step: determining the incident phase of the feed beam emitted by the preset feed center to the current unit to be adjusted among the units to be adjusted; The second determination step: determining the response beam generated by each of the units to be adjusted based on the feed beam, and obtaining the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted; Control step: when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is within a preset range, control the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted to be turned on; when the difference between the incident phase and the desired excitation phase is outside the preset range, control the diode structure of the current unit to be adjusted to be turned off; Repeat the first determination step, the second determination step and the control step in sequence until each of the units to be adjusted is traversed and the adjustment of the diode structure in each of the units to be adjusted is completed, wherein the diode structure is used to adjust the direction of the response beam of the feed beam.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining of the desired excitation phase based on the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted includes: Acquire a preset desired beam direction and a relative distance between the current unit to be adjusted and any of the units to be adjusted; Based on the expected beam direction and the relative distance, the distance difference between the response beam of the current unit to be adjusted and the response beam of any unit to be adjusted, and the expected excitation phase in the expected beam direction are calculated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preset arrangement rule includes at least one of the following: circle, rectangle.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The type of the response beam is one of the following: reflected wave and refracted wave.

5. A metasurface antenna unit, characterized in that: The metasurface antenna unit is applied to the metasurface array according to any one of claims 1 to 4; the metasurface antenna unit comprises a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a first dielectric layer; the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer and the second metal layer are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and the unit further comprises a first metal through column and a second metal through column; The first metal layer includes two groups of metal strips arranged according to a preset rule, and a diode structure connecting the two groups of metal strips; wherein one side of the diode structure is connected to a preset power structure based on the first metal via, and the other side of the diode structure is connected to the second metal via and the second metal layer; The second metal layer is used as a reference potential layer for radio frequency signals and a return path layer for direct current signals; The first dielectric layer is used to support and fix the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

6. The unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The two groups of metal strips are arranged in a centrally symmetrical form, or in a fully symmetrical form.

7. The unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The unit also includes a second dielectric layer and a substrate, wherein the first metal layer, the first dielectric layer, the second metal layer, the second dielectric layer and the substrate are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the second dielectric layer is used to provide routing space for the winding structure.

8. The unit according to claim 7, characterized in that The power structure is installed on the bottom layer of the substrate, and a first channel and a second channel are arranged inside the unit, wherein the first channel connects the first metal layer and the substrate, the second channel connects the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the first metal via is arranged in the first channel, and the second metal via is arranged in the second channel.

9. The unit according to claim 5, characterized in that The unit operates at a center frequency of 5.8 GHz.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are implemented.

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