A miniaturized multi-feed single pulse antenna

Abstract

This invention provides a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna, characterized by comprising an antenna array, a feeding module, a control module, and at least three feeding channels; at least one feeding channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the other at least two feeding channels are located at a distance of N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; the feeding module generates a feeding signal, the control module controls the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, and the feeding channels transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array when in the active state; the antenna array transmits sum and difference beams under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels. This invention only requires the control module to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal and set the feeding position of the feeding channels, eliminating the need for complex sum and difference beamforming networks, thereby greatly reducing circuit size, manufacturing cost, and parasitic radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Monopulse radar plays a crucial role in modern satellite and communication systems due to its high accuracy and rapid response, particularly in target tracking. Radar systems utilize monopulse antennas to accurately acquire target position information, including range and angle. This is achieved by transmitting a sum beam and a difference beam within a single pulse cycle. The sum beam is primarily used to determine the target's range, while the difference beam is used to capture the target's angle information. This rapid and accurate information acquisition method is essential for real-time monitoring and tracking of fast-moving targets.

[0003] Existing pulse antennas typically consist of a complex sum-difference beamforming network and multiple antenna arrays. The sum-difference beamforming network not only increases design complexity, cost, and circuit size, but also introduces parasitic radiation, thus affecting antenna performance. Designing a compact, easily integrated, and low-cost monopulse antenna is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna to address the shortcomings of existing technologies where sum-difference beamforming networks not only increase design complexity, cost, and circuit size, but also introduce parasitic radiation, thus affecting antenna performance. This invention only requires a control module to control the amplitude and phase of the feed signal and set the feed position of the feed channel. It achieves sum-difference beamforming without the need for complex sum-difference beamforming networks, thereby significantly reducing circuit size, manufacturing costs, and parasitic radiation.

[0005] This invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna, comprising an antenna array, a feeding module, a control module, and at least three feeding channels; at least one of the feeding channels is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feeding positions of at least two other feeding channels are located at a distance of N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; the output terminal of the control module is connected to the control terminal of the feeding module, the signal output terminal of the feeding module is connected to the signal input terminal of the feeding channel, and the signal output terminal of the feeding channel is connected to the signal input terminal of the antenna array; the feeding module is used to generate a feeding signal, the control module is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, the feeding channel is used to transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array in an on state, and the antenna array is used to transmit sum and difference beams under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels.

[0006] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the antenna array is in the form of a patch antenna, a grid antenna, or a comb antenna; and the feeding form of the feeding module is side-fed or coupled feeding.

[0007] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the antenna array includes at least three horizontally arranged antenna array elements; each antenna array element is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the waveguide wavelength, and adjacent antenna array elements are connected by transmission lines with a spacing of half the waveguide wavelength.

[0008] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, each antenna array element includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, and a feed point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, the feed point is connected to the radiator, and the feed point serves as the signal input terminal of the antenna array.

[0009] A miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to the present invention further includes a component disposed between the antenna array and the feed channel. Delay line.

[0010] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna further includes a coaxial section disposed between the antenna array and the feed channel.

[0011] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the feeding module and the control module are integrated on an MMIC chip.

[0012] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the MMIC chip operates in the millimeter-wave band.

[0013] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna includes a first feed channel, a second feed channel, and a third feed channel; the feed position of the second feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feed positions of the first feed channel and the third feed channel are respectively located at a distance of twice the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array; the first feed channel is used to transmit a first feed signal when turned on, the second feed channel is used to transmit a second feed signal when turned on, and the third feed channel is used to transmit a third feed signal when turned on.

[0014] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the control module is specifically configured to: control the first feed signal, the second feed signal, and the third feed signal to be of equal amplitude and in phase when the first feed channel, the second feed channel, and the third feed channel are all turned on, so that the antenna array transmits a first sum beam under the excitation of three equal amplitude and in phase signals; control the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be of equal amplitude and in phase when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, so that the antenna array transmits a second sum beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and in phase signals; and control the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be of equal amplitude and out of phase when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, so that the antenna array transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and out of phase signals.

[0015] This invention provides a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna, characterized by comprising an antenna array, a feeding module, a control module, and at least three feeding channels; at least one feeding channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the other at least two feeding channels are located at a distance of N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; the feeding module generates a feeding signal, the control module controls the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, and the feeding channels transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array when in the active state; the antenna array transmits sum and difference beams under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels. This invention only requires the control module to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal and set the feeding position of the feeding channels, eliminating the need for complex sum and difference beamforming networks, thereby greatly reducing circuit size, manufacturing costs, and parasitic radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the active reflection coefficients for high gain and beam provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This invention provides a high-gain and beam E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram.

[0022] Figure 6 This is the active reflection coefficient diagram of the beam provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This invention provides the E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the beam.

[0024] Figure 8 This is the active reflection coefficient diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is the E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] Monopulse radar is widely used for target tracking in satellite and communication systems. As a crucial component of monopulse radar, the monopulse antenna can obtain the target's range information using the sum beam and the target's angle information using the difference beam within one pulse period. A monopulse antenna typically includes a complex sum-difference beamforming network and multiple antenna arrays, such as series-fed antennas. The sum-difference beamforming network not only increases design complexity and circuit size but also introduces parasitic radiation, thus affecting antenna performance.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna, comprising an antenna array 1, a feeding module 3, a control module 4, and at least three feeding channels 2; at least one feeding channel 2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feeding positions of at least two other feeding channels 2 are located at a distance of N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1, where N is a positive integer; the output terminal of the control module 4 is connected to the control terminal of the feeding module 3, the signal output terminal of the feeding module 3 is connected to the signal input terminal of the feeding channel 2, and the signal output terminal of the feeding channel 2 is connected to the signal input terminal of the antenna array 1; the feeding module 3 is used to generate a feeding signal, the control module 4 is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, the feeding channel 2 is used to transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array 1 in the on state, and the antenna array 1 is used to transmit sum and difference beams under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels 2.

[0030] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna, comprising an antenna array 1, a feeding module 3, a control module 4, and at least three feeding channels 2. The antenna array 1 may include several antenna array 1 elements, and the size and spacing of these elements are designed to ensure in-phase excitation of adjacent elements. The feeding module 3 generates a feeding signal, which is output to the feeding channels 2 that are in the active state. At least one feeding channel 2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feeding positions of at least two other feeding channels 2 are located at a distance N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1, where N can be initially selected as 2. This configuration allows for different phase excitations on different feeding channels 2, thereby controlling the beam direction. The control module 4 can precisely control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signals. For example, the phase difference between the feeding signals corresponding to the two feeding channels 2 is... This allows the antenna array 1 to transmit both sum and difference beams under the excitation of different feed channels 2, thus forming a difference beam. The feed signals corresponding to the two feed channels 2 are in phase, which can form a sum beam.

[0031] This invention achieves sum and difference beamforming by controlling only the amplitude / phase of the output signal from feed channel 2 and selecting a suitable antenna feed position, without requiring a complex beamforming network. This provides the functionality of a monopulse antenna, significantly reducing circuit size, manufacturing costs, and parasitic radiation. Furthermore, regarding sum and difference beamforming, compared to single-fed antenna arrays, it not only implements power combining on the antenna itself but also allows for the achievement of different equivalent omnidirectional radiated power levels by switching between different chip channels, thus enabling its application in medium-range / long-range radar systems.

[0032] What needs to be explained is:

[0033] A monopulse antenna, through a specific antenna array design, can simultaneously form multiple beams. The sum beam is formed when the signals of all antenna elements are in phase, and it points towards the center of the antenna. The primary function of the sum beam is to measure the distance to a target. When a radar beam illuminates a target, the target reflects the signal back.

[0034] Differential beamforming is formed by antenna elements at different positions in an antenna array transmitting signals with different phases. These phase differences cause interference in a specific direction, thus forming a beam pointing in that direction. The primary function of differential beamforming is to measure the angle of a target. Differential beamforming typically consists of two or more beams that are slightly offset in space to compare the strength of the signals they receive.

[0035] Parasitic radiation refers to unwanted electromagnetic radiation that may interfere with other electronic devices or degrade antenna performance.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a top view of a miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a side view of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0038] According to the present invention, a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna is provided, wherein the antenna array 1 is in the form of a patch antenna, a grid antenna or a comb antenna; and the feeding form of the feeding module 3 is side-feed or coupled feeding.

[0039] In this embodiment, different antenna array 1 forms and feeding methods are adopted to adapt to different application scenarios and performance requirements. Specifically, the antenna array 1 can be a patch antenna, a grid antenna, or a comb antenna, while the feeding module 3 can be side-fed or coupled-fed.

[0040] The patch antenna array 1 consists of multiple rectangular or circular patch elements, each of which is isolated from the ground plane by a dielectric substrate.

[0041] The grid antenna array 1 consists of a series of openings (grids) on a metal plate, which radiate electromagnetic waves. The size and spacing of the grids are optimized to achieve the desired radiation mode and impedance matching.

[0042] The comb-type antenna array 1 consists of a series of parallel metal strips (comb teeth), which can be continuous or spaced apart. The length and spacing of the comb teeth are designed to meet the required resonance conditions and radiation characteristics.

[0043] Side-fed antennas introduce the feed signal from the side of the antenna element, typically using microstrip lines or coaxial probes. The advantages of side-fed antennas include high radiation efficiency and low feed loss, making them suitable for patch antennas and comb antennas.

[0044] Coupled feeding transmits signals to antenna elements through a coupling mechanism. Commonly used coupling elements include slot coupling and probe coupling. The advantages of coupled feeding are better impedance matching and wider bandwidth, making it suitable for grid antennas and comb antennas.

[0045] As can be seen from the side view, the multi-fed monopulse antenna of the present invention includes a multilayer dielectric substrate and vias. The bottom of the antenna is connected to the feed structure, and the feed signal is fed in from the bottom and passes through the vias to the patch antenna array at the top.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the antenna array 1 includes at least three horizontally arranged antenna array elements; each antenna array element is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the waveguide wavelength, and adjacent antenna array elements are connected by transmission lines with a spacing of half the waveguide wavelength.

[0047] In this embodiment, antenna array 1 consists of at least three laterally arranged antenna array elements, each of which is rectangular. This lateral arrangement helps to form a specific beam pointing and beam shape to cover a specific monitoring area or communication link. The length of each antenna array element is designed to be half the guide wave wavelength to ensure that each element operates at its resonant frequency, thereby achieving maximum radiation efficiency. The spacing between adjacent antenna array elements is also designed to be half the guide wave wavelength. The feed channel 2 is connected to the antenna array elements via a transmission line to achieve equal amplitude and in-phase radiation conditions, which is crucial for beam formation.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, each antenna array element includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, and a feed point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, and the feed point is connected to the radiator, serving as the signal input terminal of the antenna array 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, each antenna array element includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, and a feed point. This design aims to improve antenna performance while maintaining structural compactness and efficiency.

[0050] The radiator is the radiating part of the antenna array element, and it is usually made of a metallic material, such as copper or aluminum. The radiator is designed to be rectangular, with a length of half the waveguide wavelength, to achieve optimal radiation efficiency.

[0051] The dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane. It is usually made of a low-loss, high-dielectric-constant material. The thickness of the dielectric substrate has an important impact on the performance of the antenna in order to reduce the propagation delay of dielectric waves.

[0052] The grounding plate is located below the dielectric substrate and is usually made of metal. It is used to provide a good grounding path while reflecting electromagnetic waves from the radiator to enhance radiation efficiency.

[0053] The feed point is the signal input terminal of the antenna array element, connected to the radiator via a microstrip line or coaxial probe. The location and method of the feed point have a significant impact on the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the antenna.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a component disposed between the antenna array 1 and the feed channel 2. Delay line.

[0055] In this embodiment, an antenna array 1 and a feed channel 2 are integrated (at the feed location). Delay line. An additional delay line is added at the feed point of feed channel 2. Delay lines mean that signals passing through these delay lines will receive... The phase delay. For antenna array elements located at the array edge, an introduction of... Delay lines can adjust the phase of the signal so that the signals of the antenna array elements at the edge positions are in phase with the signals of the antenna array elements at the center positions.

[0056] A delay line can be physically implemented as a coaxial cable, microstrip line, or any other form of transmission line of suitable length.

[0057] also, Delay lines are introduced The phase delay causes the phase of the signal passing through the delay line to be reversed compared to the original signal. This phase adjustment is crucial for differential beamforming.

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a coaxial cable disposed between the antenna array 1 and the feed channel 2.

[0059] In this embodiment, a coaxial-like transition is integrated between the antenna array 1 and the feed channel 2 to optimize signal transmission efficiency and beamforming characteristics. This design is particularly suitable for improving the radiation efficiency and reducing losses of the antenna system.

[0060] Specifically, the quasi-coaxial transition design is used to achieve impedance matching between antenna array 1 and feed channel 2, ensuring efficient signal transmission while reducing reflections and losses. The quasi-coaxial structure provides an efficient signal transmission method that maintains signal integrity and phase consistency, which is crucial for accurate beamforming.

[0061] Similar to a coaxial cable, a quasi-coaxial transmission line typically consists of two conductors: an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductor can be solid or a slotted metal tube or strip. A dielectric material can also be filled between the inner and outer conductors; this material determines the characteristic impedance, propagation speed, and loss of the transmission line. To meet specific space requirements, quasi-coaxial transmission lines can be designed to be very compact, achieving miniaturization.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the power supply module 3 and the control module 4 are integrated on the MMIC chip.

[0063] In this embodiment, the power supply module 3 and the control module 4 are integrated on a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) chip. The application of MMIC technology significantly improves the integration and performance of the antenna system, while reducing cost and power consumption.

[0064] Specifically, the MMIC chip integrates a variable gain amplifier (VGA) and a phase shifter to dynamically adjust the signal amplitude and phase of each feed channel 2, thereby precisely controlling the beamforming of the antenna array 1. The high integration of the MMIC chip reduces the need for external components, simplifies system design, and reduces the physical size and weight of the system. The MMIC chip also features lower power consumption, making it suitable for energy-efficient applications.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the MMIC chip operates in the millimeter-wave band.

[0066] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase of the three feed signals of the antenna array 1 are controlled by a millimeter-wave MMIC chip, which can realize sum and difference beams without the need for a complex beamforming network, thereby greatly reducing the circuit size, processing cost and parasitic radiation.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the antenna includes a first feed channel, a second feed channel, and a third feed channel; the feed position of the second feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feed positions of the first and third feed channels are respectively located at a distance of twice the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1; the first feed channel is used to transmit a first feed signal when turned on, the second feed channel is used to transmit a second feed signal when turned on, and the third feed channel is used to transmit a third feed signal when turned on.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 is specifically configured to: control the first, second, and third feed signals to be of equal amplitude and in phase when the first, second, and third feed channels are all open, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a first sum beam under the excitation of three equal amplitude and in phase signals; control the first and third feed signals to be of equal amplitude and in phase when the first and third feed channels are both open and the second feed channel is closed, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a second sum beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and in phase signals; and control the first and third feed signals to be of equal amplitude and out of phase when the first and third feed channels are both open and the second feed channel is closed, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and out of phase signals.

[0069] In this embodiment, the antenna includes a first feed channel Ch1, a second feed channel Ch2, and a third feed channel Ch3. The feed position of the second feed channel Ch2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feed positions of the first feed channel Ch1 and the third feed channel Ch3 are located at a distance of twice the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1, respectively.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 The active reflection coefficient diagram for high gain and beam provided by this invention.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The E-plane principal polarization and cross-polarization diagrams for high gain and beam provided by this invention.

[0072] To achieve high gain and beamforming, the first feed channel Ch1, the second feed channel Ch2, and the third feed channel Ch3 are all activated. The control module 4 controls the three feed channels 2 to output equal-amplitude and in-phase first, second, and third feed signals, respectively, so that the antenna array 1 transmits the first beam under the excitation of these three equal-amplitude and in-phase signals. Since the first, second, and third feed signals are simultaneously applied to the antenna array 1 for power combining, a power combining network is not required, thus avoiding the losses and large size problems associated with power combining networks. Figure 4 As shown, the active emission coefficient has an impedance bandwidth of 23.6-24.3 GHz at -10 dB. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna gain when all three ports are simultaneously excited is 16.6 dBi, the sidelobes are below -19.9 dB, and the cross-polarization is below -24.3 dB.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The active reflection coefficient diagram of the beam provided by this invention.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the beam provided by this invention.

[0075] With both the first feed channel Ch1 and the third feed channel Ch3 open and the second feed channel Ch2 closed, the control module 4 controls the first feed channel Ch1 and the third feed channel Ch3 to output equal-amplitude and in-phase first and third feed signals respectively, so that the antenna array 1 transmits the second beam under the excitation of the two equal-amplitude and in-phase signals. Figure 6 As shown, the active emission coefficient has an impedance bandwidth of 23.8-24.3 GHz at -10 dB. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna gain when both ports are simultaneously excited is 15.7 dBi, the sidelobes are below -13.1 dB, and the cross-polarization is below -23.2 dB.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 The active reflection coefficient diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 The E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0078] With both the first feed channel Ch1 and the third feed channel Ch3 open and the second feed channel Ch2 closed, the control module 4 controls the first feed channel Ch1 and the third feed channel Ch3 to output equal-amplitude, inversely phased first and third feed signals respectively, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a difference beam under the excitation of the two equal-amplitude, inversely phased signals. Figure 8 As shown, the active emission coefficient has an impedance bandwidth of 23.9-24.5 GHz at -10 dB. (As...) Figure 9 As shown, the antenna gain when both ports are simultaneously excited is 14.1 dBi, the zero depth can reach -26.7 dB, and the cross-polarization is below -20.3 dB.

[0079] Furthermore, the opening and closing of the three power supply channels 2 can be controlled by the control module 4, and the present invention does not impose any particular limitations on this.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna, characterized in that, Includes an antenna array, a power supply module, a control module, and at least three power supply channels; At least one of the feed channels is fed at the center of the antenna array, and the feeds of at least two other feed channels are fed at a distance of N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer. The output terminal of the control module is connected to the control terminal of the power supply module, the signal output terminal of the power supply module is connected to the signal input terminal of the power supply channel, and the signal output terminal of the power supply channel is connected to the signal input terminal of the antenna array. The feeding module is used to generate a feeding signal, the control module is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, the feeding channel is used to transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array in the on state, and the antenna array is used to transmit sum and difference beams under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels.

2. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna array can be in the form of a patch antenna, a grid antenna, or a comb antenna; the power supply module can be fed by side feeding or coupled feeding.

3. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna array includes at least three horizontally arranged antenna array elements; each antenna array element is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the waveguide wavelength, and adjacent antenna array elements are connected by transmission lines with a spacing of half the waveguide wavelength.

4. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the antenna array elements includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane, and a feed point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, the feed point is connected to the radiator, and the feed point serves as the signal input terminal of the antenna array.

5. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a section disposed between the antenna array and the feed channel. Delay line.

6. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a coaxial section disposed between the antenna array and the feed channel.

7. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module and the control module are integrated on the MMIC chip.

8. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The MMIC chip operates in the millimeter-wave frequency band.

9. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The antenna includes a first feed channel, a second feed channel, and a third feed channel; the feed position of the second feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feed positions of the first feed channel and the third feed channel are respectively located at a distance of twice the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array; the first feed channel is used to transmit a first feed signal when turned on, the second feed channel is used to transmit a second feed signal when turned on, and the third feed channel is used to transmit a third feed signal when turned on.

10. The miniaturized multi-fed monopulse antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control module is specifically used for: When the first feed channel, the second feed channel, and the third feed channel are all turned on, the first feed signal, the second feed signal, and the third feed signal are controlled to have the same amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits the first beam under the excitation of the three equal amplitude and phase signals; When both the first and third feed channels are open and the second feed channel is closed, the first feed signal and the third feed signal are controlled to have equal amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits the second beam under the excitation of the two equal amplitude and phase signals; With both the first and third feed channels open and the second feed channel closed, the first and third feed signals are controlled to be of equal amplitude and out of phase, so that the antenna array transmits a difference beam under the excitation of the two equally amplitude and out of phase signals.

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