Vibration energy collection device based on magnetism-electricity-elasticity and collection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration energy collecting device based on magnetism, electricity and bomb and a collecting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of novel artificial metamaterials, the vibration energy collecting device comprises a magnetism, electricity and bomb phononic crystal beam and a plurality of stepping motors; the phononic crystal beam is formed by arranging a plurality of unit cell structures, and each unit cell is composed of a magnetostrictive column, a piezoelectric plate and an aluminum strip; the tail end of the stepping motor is connected with the magnet block for adjusting the size of a magnetic field, and the band gap and the defect state are regulated and controlled by controlling the distance of the magnet block; energy generated by vibration is converted into electric energy through the piezoelectric plate, and then the electric energy is collected and stored by a circuit, so that a self-energy-supplementing system is formed, energy supply of a main body structure is supplemented, the overall dynamic controllability of the main body structure is enhanced, and the technical problem that vibration energy at multi-frequency bands and multi-position defect states is difficult to capture by a traditional photonic crystal beam is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of novel artificial metamaterials, and in particular relates to a vibration energy collection device based on magneto-electro-elasticity and a collection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In real life, different types of vibrations are transmitted in the form of elastic waves, which will cause harmful vibrations to the structure. If they are close to the natural vibration frequency of human organs, they will cause resonance and cause harm to the human body. Therefore, how to effectively control vibrations has become a key issue that needs to be solved urgently. At the same time, vibrations are accompanied by energy loss. If this energy can be effectively controlled and recycled, energy conservation, environmental protection and social sustainable development can be achieved.

[0003] Phononic crystals provide a basis for solving vibration control problems. The concept is a new artificially designed periodic functional material with extraordinary properties such as band gap, self-collimation, acoustic focusing, negative refraction, and acoustic invisibility. When elastic waves propagate in phononic crystals, they are prohibited from propagating in a certain frequency range (band gap) due to the internal structure of the phononic crystal beam, and propagate losslessly in other frequency ranges (passband). When the local structural periodicity of the phononic crystal beam is destroyed, defect states will appear in the band gap. The vibration mode at the defect state frequency indicates that the elastic wave energy is confined to the defect structure, thereby amplifying the elastic wave distribution near the defect. Traditional phononic crystal beams achieve elastic wave band gaps and defect states by changing the properties of component materials or structural geometric parameters. However, once the structure is manufactured, the frequency and position of the band gap and defect state will be fixed, making it difficult to achieve effective adjustment. This makes it difficult for energy harvesting devices to capture vibration energy at multi-band and multi-position defect states. Chinese patent CN107968599A discloses an energy harvesting device and method using the dual localization characteristics of defective phononic crystal beams. However, due to its fixed structure, the corresponding band gap and defect state frequency and position are also fixed, resulting in the energy harvesting device being able to capture only the vibration energy at a single frequency and position defect state. If the band gap and defect state frequency and position are to be regulated, the structure can only be redesigned and manufactured, which is costly and inflexible. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration energy collection device based on magneto-electro-elasticity and a collection method thereof, which solves the technical problem that traditional phononic crystal beams are difficult to capture vibration energy in multi-frequency bands and multi-position defect states.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a vibration energy collection device based on magneto-electro-elasticity, comprising a square tube, wherein the square tube is connected to the top of an optical platform through a fixing member, an exciter is connected to one side of the square tube, and the exciter is connected to a power supply; magnetic field adjustment controls are symmetrically arranged above and below the square tube, and the magnetic field adjustment controls are connected to the optical platform through a supporting member; A phononic crystal beam is provided inside the square tube, and the phononic crystal beam comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged in sequence and distributed periodically; the magnetic field control unit comprises a plurality of groups of magnetic field control units, and each group of magnetic field control units corresponds to a unit cell, and is used to control the magnetic field strength of the unit cell; The exciter, magnetic field modulation control unit, phononic crystal beam and power supply form a closed circuit loop.

[0006] Among them, the optical platform serves as the base of the entire device and is used to support and fix other components.

[0007] Furthermore, the phononic crystal beam comprises an aluminum bar, on which a plurality of groups of magnetostrictive columns are equidistantly arranged, each group of magnetostrictive columns is symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum bar, and a piezoelectric sheet is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the junction between the magnetostrictive column and the aluminum bar, wherein the piezoelectric sheet is provided with an energy collection chip; The unit cell is composed of a group of magnetostrictive columns, aluminum strips connected to the magnetostrictive columns, and piezoelectric sheets adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strips.

[0008] Furthermore, each group of magnetostrictive columns is vertically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strip.

[0009] Further preferably, each group of the magnetostrictive columns is vertically adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strip.

[0010] Further preferably, the magnetostrictive columns are vertically distributed at the top and bottom of the aluminum strip, and the piezoelectric sheets are horizontally distributed at the top and bottom of the aluminum strip. Such a setting is one of the key points of the present invention. The magnetostrictive columns and the aluminum strip are vertically distributed, so that the vertical magnetic field has the greatest impact on the material parameters of the magnetostrictive columns, because the magnetic field is along the length direction of the magnetostrictive columns. The piezoelectric sheets are best connected horizontally to capture energy on the aluminum strip. The overall setting is to maximize the effect of the external load on the band gap and defect state, so the magnetostrictive columns are placed vertically; to maximize the energy collection efficiency, the piezoelectric sheets are placed horizontally.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the unit cells is not less than ten.

[0012] Further preferably, the number of the unit cells is 15.

[0013] Further, each magnetic field adjustment control unit includes a connecting plate, and each magnetic field adjustment unit includes a magnet block and a stepping motor; A plurality of through holes are provided on the connecting plate, screw rods are passed through the through holes, the magnet block is sleeved on the screw rod close to the square tube, and a stepping motor is sleeved on the screw rod far from the square tube.

[0014] Further preferably, the screw rods are provided in a plurality, and the stepping motors and the magnet blocks are symmetrically arranged in a plurality of groups.

[0015] Further preferably, the stepper motors and the magnet blocks are symmetrically arranged in 15 groups.

[0016] Furthermore, the square tube is in a suspended state, and the distance between the square tube and the magnetic field adjustment control is not less than 1 cm.

[0017] Further preferably, the distance between the square tube and the magnet block is 10 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the connecting plate and the square tube are made of non-magnetic materials.

[0019] Further preferably, the non-magnetic material is acrylic.

[0020] Furthermore, the fixing part includes a fixing clamp, a vertical pole and a cross bar, the fixing clamp has through holes in the vertical and horizontal directions, the vertical pole is inserted into the vertical through hole, the cross bar is inserted into the horizontal through hole, and the cross bar is connected to the square tube at one end away from the fixing clamp for supporting the square tube.

[0021] Further preferably, the fixing members are provided in at least two groups.

[0022] Further preferably, the fixing clamp is a cross top screw fixing clamp.

[0023] Furthermore, knobs are provided at both ends of the fixing clamp for adjusting the movement of the vertical pole.

[0024] Further preferably, the knob is a plum blossom knob.

[0025] Further preferably, the fixing member is connected to the top of the optical platform by bolts.

[0026] Furthermore, the supporting component includes threaded rods, the threaded rods are connected to two ends of the connecting plate, the threaded rods are at least two groups, and each group of threaded rods is symmetrically arranged.

[0027] The self-supplementing energy system based on the above-mentioned magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device of the present invention is characterized in that it includes a magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device, a main controller, an oscilloscope, a PLC and a driver; The main controller, vibrator, oscilloscope and power supply are powered by standard AC power, and the PLC, drive and stepper motor are powered by power supply; The main controller is connected to the PLC for writing programs and issuing instructions. The PLC controls the stepper motor to execute corresponding instructions through the driver to regulate the magnetic field. The exciter excites the unit cell, and the unit cell collects and stores vibration energy under the coupling of the magnetic field. It is connected to the power supply through the circuit to supplement the energy supply of the energy collection device and form a self-energy system.

[0028] The present invention provides a method for energy collection using the above-mentioned magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy collection device, comprising the following steps: 1) Select appropriate piezoelectric sheets by piezoelectric constant, paste them on both sides of the magnetostrictive column, provide solid mechanics physics field to add bending wave excitation, magnetic field without current physics field to apply corresponding magnetic field, and electrostatic and circuit physics field to complete the energy collection circuit, calculate characteristic frequency under the coupling of piezoelectric effect multi-physics field, and finally determine the band structure of phononic crystal beam, and then obtain the frequency of each unit cell band gap and defect state of phononic crystal beam, wherein defects are introduced by adjusting the applied magnetic field of the unit cell in phononic crystal beam; 2) In actual operation, the exciter applies bending wave excitation on one side of the phononic crystal beam, and the magnetic field size is regulated by adjusting the magnetic field control, thereby controlling the material parameters of the unit cell and achieving the regulation of the band gap and defect state frequency of each unit cell in the phononic crystal beam; Further preferably, the vertical distance between different magnet blocks is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed and rotation distance of the stepper motor, so as to achieve regulation of the magnetic field size, thereby controlling the material parameters of the magnetostrictive column, and achieving regulation of the frequency of each unit cell band gap and defect state in the phononic crystal beam; Further preferably, the exciter is placed directly below one end of the beam to ensure the generation of vertical excitation, i.e., bending waves; Among them, the regulation of the magnetic field size is achieved by controlling the up and down distance of the magnet block through a stepper motor. When the magnet block approaches or moves away from the magnetostrictive column, the strength of the magnetic field will increase or decrease accordingly. This change in magnetic field strength will directly affect the magnetostrictive effect of the magnetostrictive column. In the magnetostrictive column, when the magnetic field strength increases, the magnetostrictive column will deform, causing changes in its material parameters such as length and elastic modulus. These changes will further change the vibration characteristics and band structure of the phononic crystal beam, especially the band gap and defect state; Through the above operations, the band gap and defect states of the phononic crystal beam can be dynamically controlled, which means that the frequency response of the phononic crystal beam can be adjusted as needed to suppress or allow vibrations within a specific frequency range.

[0029] 3) By applying the frequency corresponding to the defect state through the exciter, the energy will be locally accumulated at the defect position of the beam, and the unit cell will convert the vibration energy at the accumulation point into electrical energy and collect it.

[0030] Further preferably, the energy is concentrated at the defect position of the beam, the vibration energy is converted into electrical energy and collected by the piezoelectric sheet, the magnitude of the generated current can be observed by connecting an oscilloscope, the collected energy is stored in an energy collection chip, and the stored electrical energy can be used for the energy collection device through the circuit.

[0031] Further preferably, the simulation software in step 1) adopts COMSOL Multiphysics.

[0032] Furthermore, the components of the energy collection device are connected to form a main structure.

[0033] Introducing defects into phononic crystals will change their original periodic structure, thus forming defect states. Defect states will cause elastic waves to localize and aggregate at the defect location, that is, the energy of the wave will be concentrated near the defect, which is conducive to the collection of vibration energy. The present invention uses external excitation to introduce defect states to change the propagation path and frequency characteristics of elastic waves, which not only realizes the collection and utilization of vibration energy, but also enables the phononic crystal beam to suppress or allow vibrations within a specific frequency range, thereby achieving the purpose of dynamic regulation.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention discloses a vibration energy collection device based on magneto-electro-elasticity, which realizes precise control of the bending wave band gap and defect state of phononic crystal beams through the coupling effect of multiple physical fields. The device artificially creates defects by adjusting the applied magnetic field of each unit cell through a magnetic field control, and then collects the frequency at the defect state of each unit cell, and realizes the collection of vibration energy of defect states at different positions. By adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic field intensity corresponding to each unit cell, the defect states and band gaps of different frequencies of each unit cell are collected, and the collection of vibration energy at defect states of different frequencies is realized. This design effectively improves the flexibility of magnetic field control, and can control the deformation of each unit cell by changing the magnetic field intensity corresponding to the unit cell in the phononic crystal beam in real time, thereby dynamically adjusting the band gap and defect state frequency and position of each unit cell of the phononic crystal beam, improving the accuracy and effect of vibration control, and completing the vibration energy collection of multi-band and multi-position phononic crystal beams. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can dynamically adjust the band gap and defect state frequency of the phononic crystal beam without changing the structural dimensions or re-preparing the structure, thereby solving the technical problem that traditional phononic crystal beams are difficult to capture vibration energy at defect states in multiple frequency bands and multiple positions.

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention collects vibration energy in multiple frequency bands and multiple positions by attaching piezoelectric sheets on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strip, thereby effectively improving the frequency range and efficiency of energy collection. In addition, the introduction of piezoelectric sheets can also collect vibration energy and convert it into electrical energy, which is stored in the energy collection chip. The stored electrical energy can be used for the energy collection device through the circuit.

[0036] The present invention also discloses a self-supplementing energy system based on a magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device. Through the synergistic effect of the magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device, a main controller, an oscilloscope, a PLC, a driver, an exciter and a power supply, the overall dynamic adjustability is enhanced, and the experimental data can be observed conveniently. This self-supplementing energy system not only improves the energy efficiency of the device, but also realizes the power supply of the device, reduces the dependence on the external power supply, and enhances the practicality and sustainability of the device.

[0037] The present invention also discloses a method for energy collection by the above-mentioned magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy collection device, which realizes the collection of vibration energy at defect states in multiple frequency bands and multiple positions by regulating the bending wave band gap and defect state. First, the defects are introduced by adjusting the applied magnetic field of the unit cell in the phononic crystal beam through the magnetic field adjustment control, and then the frequency of the band gap and defect state of each unit cell of the phononic crystal beam is obtained. Secondly, the magnetic field adjustment control is adjusted to realize the regulation of the size of the unit cell magnetic field, and then the material parameters of each unit cell in the phononic crystal beam are controlled to realize the flexible regulation of the band gap and defect state of each unit cell of the phononic crystal beam. This method has the characteristics of non-contact and fast response speed, and can realize rapid adaptation to the external environment. Finally, by applying the corresponding frequency of the defect state to the exciter, the bending wave in the exciter can be localized and gathered at the defect position. Thereby improving the energy collection efficiency, and then the vibration energy at the gathering place is converted into electrical energy and collected by the unit cell, and the stored electrical energy is used for the use of the energy collection device through the circuit. Compared with the traditional beam structure, the present invention does not change the main structure of the phononic crystal beam, and makes a unit cell combining an aluminum bar, a magnetostrictive cage and a piezoelectric sheet into a phononic crystal beam. The coupling of multiple physical fields such as magneto-electric-elastic is used to achieve the regulation of the bending wave band gap and defect states, thereby enhancing its overall dynamic controllability. This not only solves the problem that traditional phononic crystal beams are difficult to capture vibration energy at defect states in multiple frequency bands and multiple positions, but also solves the energy supply problem caused by the current dynamic regulation of phononic crystal elastic waves, thereby promoting the further development of self-energy-compensating elastic wave devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; wherein: 1-optical platform; 2-connecting plate; 3-square tube; 4-magnet block; 5-stepping motor; 6-threaded rod; 7-screw rod; 8-vertical rod; 9-cross bar; 10-knob; 11-fixing clamp; 12-magnetostrictive column; 13-piezoelectric sheet; 14-aluminum bar; 15-unit cell; 16-exciter; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting plate and the stepping motor of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the phononic crystal beam and unit cell structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a local diagram of the unit cell structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram of a square tube and a fixing device thereof according to the present invention; Figure 6 It is a partial structural diagram of the fixing clamp of the present invention; Figure 7a This is the supercell energy band diagram of the single defect with different background magnetic fields of the present invention; Figure 7b This is a diagram of the transmission loss of the supercell of a single defect with different background magnetic fields of the present invention; Figure 7c It is the displacement cloud diagram of the supercell defect of the single defect with different background magnetic fields of the present invention; Figure 7d It is a diagram showing the variation of different background magnetic field energy bands and defects of a single defect of the present invention; Figure 8a It is the voltage power diagram of the double defect of the present invention; Figure 8b It is the voltage power diagram at the passband of the present invention; Figure 9a This is the voltage-power diagram of the fifth unit cell on the left side of the double defect of the present invention; Figure 9b This is the voltage-power diagram of the 8th unit cell on the left side of the double defect of the present invention; Fig.9c This is the voltage-power diagram of the 11th unit cell on the left side of the double defect of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a connection diagram of the self-energy replenishing device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1 The present invention proposes a vibration energy collection device based on magneto-electro-elasticity, comprising: an optical platform 1, on which two vertical rods 8 and four threaded rods 6 are threadedly installed, the two vertical rods 8 are both provided with cross screw fixing clamps 11 on the outside, and the two are vertically distributed, the two cross screw fixing clamps 11 are respectively connected with a cross rod 9 inside, the two cross rods 9 are connected and fixed with an acrylic square tube 3, one side of the acrylic square tube 3 is connected with an exciter 16, and the exciter 16 is connected with a power supply; a phononic crystal beam is placed inside the acrylic square tube 3, and the phononic crystal beam is composed of 15 unit cells 15; the upper and lower sides of the acrylic square tube are symmetrically provided with connecting plates 2 made of acrylic material, which are connected and fixed by the four threaded rods 6, and 15 stepping motors 5 and 15 magnet blocks 4 are respectively fixed on the top and bottom of the acrylic connecting plate 2, and the stepping motor 5 and the magnet block 4 are connected by a screw rod 7 running through the connecting plate 2, and the stepping motor 5 can adjust the up and down moving distance of the magnet block 4.

[0042] Preferably, according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 As shown, the unit cell is composed of two upper and lower magnetostrictive columns 12, two pairs of piezoelectric sheets 13 and an aluminum bar 14. By applying the magnetic field strength of the magnet block 4, the defects of the unit cell 15 corresponding to the magnet block 4 can be introduced, and then the band gap and defect state frequency of each unit cell 15 can be obtained. When the magnetic field strength corresponding to each unit cell 15 is adjusted, the change of the band gap and defect state frequency of the corresponding unit cell 15 will also be affected. When the frequency of the corresponding defect state is applied to the exciter 16, the energy will be locally gathered at the defect position of the beam, and the vibration energy at the gathering place will be converted into electrical energy and collected by the piezoelectric sheet 13, thereby realizing the collection of vibration energy of defect states at different positions and frequencies.

[0043] Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4As shown, the outside of the vertical pole is equipped with a slidable cross screw fixing clamp 11, which is parallel to the acrylic square tube 3, and two cross bars 9 are fixed on the outside. The two sides of the two cross screw fixing clamps 11 are respectively equipped with plum blossom knobs 10; the acrylic square tube 3 is fixed by the cross bar 9 and is in a suspended state, and the inside is a phononic crystal beam composed of 15 unit cells 15.

[0044] Preferably, according to the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 As shown, two acrylic connecting plates 2 are fixed by four threaded rods 6 , 15 stepping motors 5 are connected and fixed to each connecting plate 2 , and a magnet block 4 is installed on one side close to the acrylic square tube 3 .

[0045] In addition, the steps of the above-mentioned method for energy collection based on the magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy collection device are as follows: 1) Select a suitable piezoelectric sheet 13 through the piezoelectric constant, paste it on both sides of the magnetostrictive column 12, add bending wave excitation through the solid mechanics physics field in the software COMSOL Multiphysics, apply the corresponding magnetic field through the magnetic field without current physics field, complete the energy collection circuit through electrostatics and circuit physics fields, calculate the characteristic frequency under the coupling of piezoelectric effect multi-physics field, and finally determine its band structure.

[0046] 2) In actual operation, the exciter 16 applies bending wave excitation on one side of the beam, and the stepper motor 5 is adjusted to control the different magnet blocks 4 to change the upper and lower distances, so as to control the size of the magnetic field, control the material parameters of the supercell magnetostrictive column 12, and further realize the control of the supercell band gap and defect state.

[0047] 3) The frequency corresponding to the defect state is applied by the exciter 16, and the energy will be concentrated at the defect position of the beam. The vibration energy is converted into electrical energy and collected by the piezoelectric sheet 13. The magnitude of the generated current can be observed by connecting an oscilloscope. The collected energy is stored in the energy collection chip, and the stored electrical energy can be used for the energy collection device through the circuit.

[0048] Example 2 Bandgap control: Select Figure 3The supercell structure composed of 15 unit cells 15 shown is simulated and calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics software, and a corresponding model is established in the software according to the material and size parameters. The position of the acrylic square tube 3 is set to an infinite element domain, and bending wave excitation is added to the solid mechanics physical field. The magnetic field is applied through the magnetic field without current physical field. The magnetic field of the middle unit cell 15 is 500Oe, and the background magnetic field is 1000Oe, 1500Oe and 2000Oe respectively. A single defect with different background magnetic fields is constructed, and the energy collection circuit is completed through electrostatics and circuit physical fields. The characteristic frequency is calculated under the coupling of the piezoelectric effect multi-physics field, and the band structure under different magnetic fields is obtained. Figure 7a and transmission loss Figure 7b ,from Figure 7a In the energy band structure diagram, the band gap is in the range of 6200-9570Hz, and the defect state is in the range of 6900Hz. It can be seen that the band gap widens with the increase of the magnetic field. Figure 7b It can be seen from the transmission loss diagram that the defect frequency gradually increases with the increase of the magnetic field, indicating that the present invention effectively achieves the dynamic regulation effect of the band gap through magnetic field regulation; Figure 7c is the displacement cloud map corresponding to the frequency domain defect under different magnetic fields; when the background magnetic field is adjusted to 0Oe, 600Oe, 800Oe and 2000Oe, it is obtained Figure 7d The energy band and defect variation diagram of the single defect with the background magnetic field shows that the band gap first widens and then narrows with the increase of the magnetic field. At 0Oe, the band gap range is 6650Hz-12681Hz, and the defect state is 11167Hz. At 600Oe, the band gap range is 6250Hz-9650Hz, and the defect state is 6832Hz at 800Oe. At 2000Oe, the band gap range is 6300Hz-10100Hz, and the defect state is 7300Hz, indicating that the designed device has realized the dynamic adjustment of the band structure and defect state of the phononic crystal beam. Therefore, the phononic crystal beam realizes the regulation of the band gap and defect state under the magneto-electric-elastic multi-field coupling, and enhances its overall dynamic controllability.

[0049] Energy harvesting: Select Figure 3The supercell structure composed of 15 unit cells shown in the figure is simulated and calculated using COMSOL Multiphysics software, and the corresponding model is established in the software according to the material and size parameters. The position of the acrylic square tube is set to the infinite element domain, and bending wave excitation is added to the solid mechanics physics field. The magnetic field is applied through the magnetic field without current physics field. The magnetic field of the 5th and 11th unit cells from left to right is 500Oe, and the background magnetic field is 1500Oe. Double defects are constructed, and the energy collection circuit is completed through electrostatics and circuit physics fields. The characteristic frequency is calculated under the coupling of the piezoelectric effect multi-physics field. After obtaining the band structure, the piezoelectric sheet at the defect converts the vibration energy into electrical energy, which is connected to the energy collection chip through the circuit for storage; Figure 8a Shown are the voltage and power at the double defect, with the energy capture range being 6600-7400 Hz; Figure 8b It is the voltage and power at the passband. The selected energy capture range is 3600-4000Hz, which realizes the energy collection of multi-band energy by the energy harvesting device. Figure 9a The figure shows the voltage and power of the fifth unit cell on the left, with the energy capture frequency between 6600-7400 Hz. Figure 9b The voltage-power diagram of the 8th unit cell on the left is selected, and the energy capture frequency is 6600-7400Hz; Fig.9c The voltage-power diagram of the 11th unit cell on the left is selected, and the energy capture frequency is 6600-7400Hz; the energy collection device can collect energy at different positions. Therefore, the phononic crystal beam can collect energy under the magnetic-electric-elastic multi-field coupling, with a simple structure and easy operation, solving the energy supply problem caused by the dynamic regulation of the current phononic crystal elastic wave.

[0050] Fig.10 This is a connection diagram of the self-energy replenishment device of the present invention. The main controller, exciter, oscilloscope and 24V low power supply are powered by standard AC power, and the PLC, driver and stepper motor are powered by 24V low power supply. The main controller is connected to the PLC to write programs and issue instructions. Then the PLC controls the stepper motor to execute corresponding instructions through the driver to achieve the purpose of magnetic field regulation; the exciter applies excitation to the beam structure, completes the energy collection of the piezoelectric sheet under the coupling of the magnetic field, and then performs voltage stabilization and storage through the energy collection chip to supplement the energy supply of the main structure, forming a self-energy replenishment system and enhancing its overall dynamic adjustability; the oscilloscope mainly detects the collected voltage size to facilitate the observation of experimental data.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0052] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A vibration energy harvesting device based on magneto-electro-elasticity, characterized in that: The invention comprises a square tube (3), wherein the square tube (3) is connected to the top of an optical platform (1) via a fixing member, an exciter (16) is connected to one side of the square tube (3), and the exciter (16) is connected to a power source; magnetic field adjustment controls are symmetrically arranged above and below the square tube (3), and the magnetic field adjustment controls are connected to the optical platform (1) via a supporting member; A phononic crystal beam is provided inside the square tube (3), wherein the phononic crystal beam comprises a plurality of unit cells (15) arranged in sequence and distributed periodically; the magnetic field control unit comprises a plurality of groups of magnetic field control units, each group of magnetic field control units corresponds to a unit cell (15), and is used to control the magnetic field intensity of the unit cell; The exciter (16), the magnetic field modulation control unit, the phononic crystal beam and the power supply form a closed circuit loop.

2. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phononic crystal beam comprises an aluminum bar (14), on which a plurality of groups of magnetostrictive columns (12) are equidistantly arranged, each group of magnetostrictive columns (12) being symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum bar (14), and a piezoelectric sheet (13) is adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the junction between the magnetostrictive columns (12) and the aluminum bar (14), wherein an energy collection chip is arranged in the piezoelectric sheet (13); The unit cell is composed of a group of magnetostrictive columns (12), aluminum strip segments connected to the magnetostrictive columns (12), and piezoelectric sheets (13) adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strip segments.

3. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each group of magnetostrictive columns (12) is vertically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum strip (14).

4. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the unit cells (15) is not less than ten.

5. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each magnetic field control unit comprises a connecting plate (2), and each magnetic field control unit comprises a magnet block (4) and a stepping motor (5); A plurality of through holes are provided on the connecting plate (2), and screw rods (7) are inserted through the through holes. The magnet block (4) is sleeved on the screw rod (7) close to the square tube (3), and a stepping motor (5) is sleeved on the screw rod (7) away from the square tube (3).

6. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the square tube (3) and the magnetic field adjustment control unit is not less than 1 cm.

7. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (2) and the square tube (3) are made of non-magnetic materials.

8. The magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting plate (2) and the square tube (3) are made of acrylic material.

9. A self-supplementing energy system based on a magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes a magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy harvesting device, a main controller, an oscilloscope, a PLC and a driver; The main controller, the vibrator (16), the oscilloscope and the power supply are powered by standard AC power, and the PLC, the driver and the stepper motor (5) are powered by the power supply; The main controller is connected to the PLC and is used to write programs and issue instructions. The PLC controls the stepper motor (5) through the driver to execute the corresponding instructions, which is used to regulate the magnetic field. The exciter (16) applies excitation to the unit cell (15). The unit cell (15) completes the collection and storage of vibration energy under the coupling of the magnetic field, and is connected to the power supply through the circuit to supplement the energy supply of the energy collection device, forming a self-supplementing energy system.

10. A method for energy collection using a magneto-electro-elastic vibration energy collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) introducing defects by adjusting the applied magnetic field of a unit cell (15) in the phononic crystal beam, and obtaining the band gap and the frequency of the defect state of each unit cell (15) of the phononic crystal beam; 2) placing an exciter (16) on one side of the phononic crystal beam to apply bending wave excitation, and adjusting the magnetic field control unit to control the magnitude of the magnetic field, thereby controlling the material parameters of the unit cell (15), and controlling the band gap and defect state frequency of each unit cell (15) in the phononic crystal beam; 3) By applying the frequency corresponding to the defect state to the exciter (16), the energy will be locally concentrated at the defect position of the beam, and the unit cell (15) will convert the vibration energy at the concentrated point into electrical energy and collect it.

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