Electron beam control device and electron accelerator

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electron beam flow control device and an electron accelerator, which relate to the field of electron accelerators. The electron accelerator comprises a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet, an electron gun and a high-voltage end, wherein the high-voltage end is connected to the first electrode sheet, and the cathode of the electron gun is arranged between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet. The electron beam flow control device comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a control switch, wherein the control switch is connected between the high-voltage end and the second electrode sheet; the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump through an infusion pipeline, and the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the opening and closing of the control switch. The present invention can realize the instant closing and opening of the electron beam flow, can greatly improve the production efficiency of irradiation processing, improve the irradiation efficiency, and improve the safety of equipment use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electron accelerators, and in particular to an electron beam control device and an electron accelerator. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of a high-voltage electron accelerator is to accelerate electrons. It injects electrons emitted from an electron gun into an accelerating tube. Under the acceleration of the high-intensity electric field formed by the electrodes of the accelerating tube, the speed of the electrons quickly approaches the speed of light, and the energy of the electrons quickly reaches hundreds of kiloelectronvolts, several megaelectronvolts, or even tens or hundreds of megaelectronvolts, thus forming a high-energy electron beam to irradiate objects; or rotating the target to generate X-rays to irradiate large objects or high-density products.

[0003] The formation of a high-energy electron beam will generate strong radiation in the surrounding area, which must be shielded with thick, high-density materials. On the transmission line, many turns must be made to ensure that the radiation does not leak into the outside workplace and cause serious harm to personnel.

[0004] Due to the characteristics of the electron beam mentioned above, in order to irradiate objects with electron beams, a huge shielding system must be built to obtain reliable and safe protection, which not only incurs huge material costs, but also takes up a large area, which is undoubtedly a huge capital occupation and an increase in irradiation costs for irradiation processing. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect in the prior art that the electron accelerator system needs to build a huge shielding system, which not only incurs huge material costs but also occupies a large area, and to provide an electron beam control device and an electron accelerator that can realize instantaneous closing and opening of the electron beam, can greatly improve the production efficiency of irradiation processing, improve the safety of equipment use, and provide the necessary basic conditions for miniaturization and even mobility of irradiation processing.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electron beam flow control device is used for an electron accelerator. The electron accelerator comprises a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet, an electron gun and a high-voltage terminal. The high-voltage terminal is connected to the first electrode sheet. The cathode of the electron gun is arranged between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet. The electron beam flow control device comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a control switch.

[0008] The control switch is connected between the high voltage end and the second electrode sheet;

[0009] The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump through a fluid infusion pipeline, a piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to be opened and closed.

[0010] Preferably, the electron beam control device includes two mounting parts, a guide rod and a slider, the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the two mounting parts, the control switch is a first reed switch, the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider, the slider is installed on the guide rod, the axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the movement direction of the piston, a first magnet is provided on the slider, the piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod, and the first reed switch is closed and conductive when the first magnet and the reed docking point of the first reed switch are aligned in the axial position.

[0011] Preferably, the number of the guide rods is 2 and they are fixed between two mounting parts, the slider includes a U-shaped bracket and a mounting block, the bottom of the U-shaped bracket is connected to the piston, the mounting block is arranged at the front end of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket, and the mounting block is installed on the guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, the projection of the reed switch on the plane where the two guide rods are located is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

[0013] Preferably, the electron accelerator comprises an anode potential regulating device, and the anode potential regulating device comprises a rheostat and a second hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] The variable resistor is connected between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet;

[0015] The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic pump through a fluid infusion pipeline, a piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the variable resistor, and the piston drives the variable resistor to adjust the resistance value.

[0016] Preferably, the variable resistor includes a plurality of second anode resistors and a plurality of second reed switches, the second electrode sheet is connected to the first electrode sheet through all the second anode resistors connected in series, two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode sheet through a second reed switch, and the piston is used to drive each second reed switch to open and close;

[0017] The variable resistor includes two fixing parts, two circuit boards and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixed between the two fixing parts. A second magnet is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. The second reed switch is arranged around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft and the reed docking point of the second reed switch is aligned with the axial position of the second magnet. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the piston through a rocker arm, and the piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, two ends of the second reed switch are connected to two circuit boards respectively, and two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to two circuit boards respectively;

[0019] The two ends of the first reed switch are respectively connected to the two circuit boards, the first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor, the first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor, and the two ends of the first anode resistor are respectively connected to the two circuit boards;

[0020] The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet through the circuit board.

[0021] Preferably, the electronic accelerator comprises a control device, and the control device transmits a rheostat control signal to the hydraulic pump.

[0022] Preferably, the control device transmits a control switch control signal to the hydraulic pump when the variable resistor has a minimum resistance.

[0023] The present invention also provides an electron accelerator, which is characterized in that the electron accelerator comprises the electron beam control device as described above.

[0024] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The present invention can realize instant closing and opening of the electron beam, can greatly improve the production efficiency of irradiation processing, and improve the safety of equipment use.

[0027] In order to change the current situation that the shielding system of the electron accelerator occupies a large area, the present invention has pioneered a method that no one in the accelerator industry has ever dared to try: instantaneously closing and opening the electron beam.

[0028] The advantage of this method is that it does not require the construction of a large and complex shielding system. It only needs to shield a small area of ​​the irradiation area. Put the object in, close the shielding room, open the beam for irradiation; after the irradiation process is completed, close the beam, open the shielding room, take out the irradiated object, put in a new object, and repeat the irradiation process.

[0029] It should be noted that when the beam is turned off, the working area is safe and there is no radiation hazard.

[0030] Of course, if robots are used to place and remove items, it will be safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the electron beam control device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the electron beam control device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural principle of the anode potential regulating device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the anode potential regulating device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the anode potential regulating device of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] : Reference numerals: 201, first electrode sheet; 202, second electrode sheet; 204, electron gun; 203, high voltage end; 301, first hydraulic cylinder; 302, control switch; 303, mounting member; 304, guide rod; 305, slider; 3051, first magnet; 3052, U-shaped bracket; 3053, mounting block; 101, variable resistor; 102, second hydraulic cylinder; 1010, second anode resistor; 1011, second reed switch; 1012, fixing member; 1013, circuit board; 1014, rotating shaft; 2031, high voltage power supply; 1016, first branch; 1017, second branch; 1018, third branch; 10131, first circuit board; 10132, second circuit board; 10111, one end of the second reed switch; 10112, the other end of the second reed switch; 10101, current direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] In this embodiment, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 4The electron accelerator includes an electron beam control device, a first electrode sheet 201 , a second electrode sheet 202 , an electron gun 204 and a high voltage end 203 .

[0041] The high voltage end 203 is connected to the first electrode sheet 201 , and the cathode of the electron gun 204 is arranged between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet.

[0042] The electron beam control device includes a first hydraulic cylinder 301 and a control switch 302 .

[0043] The control switch 302 is connected between the high voltage end 203 and the second electrode sheet 202 .

[0044] The first hydraulic cylinder 301 is connected to a hydraulic pump via a fluid delivery pipeline.

[0045] The piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to be opened and closed.

[0046] The electron beam flow control device includes two mounting members 303 , a guide rod 304 and a slider 305 , and the first hydraulic cylinder 301 is fixed between the two mounting members 303 .

[0047] The control switch 302 is a first reed switch, the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider 305, and the slider is installed on the guide rod.

[0048] The axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the moving direction of the piston.

[0049] A first magnet 3051 is disposed on the slider, and the piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod. When the first magnet and the reed of the first reed switch are aligned at the axial position, the first reed switch is closed and turned on.

[0050] The number of the guide rods is two and they are fixed between two mounting parts. The slider 305 includes a U-shaped bracket 3052 and a mounting block 3053. The bottom of the U-shaped bracket 3052 is connected to the piston. The mounting block is arranged at the front ends of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket, and the mounting block is mounted on the guide rod 304. The first magnet is arranged on the mounting block.

[0051] The projection of the reed switch on the plane where the two guide rods are located is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

[0052] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The electron accelerator further includes an anode potential regulating device, and the anode potential regulating device includes a variable resistor 101 and a second hydraulic cylinder 102 .

[0053] The variable resistor 101 is connected between the first electrode sheet 201 and the second electrode sheet 202;

[0054] The second hydraulic cylinder 102 is connected to the hydraulic pump through a fluid delivery pipeline, and the piston of the second hydraulic cylinder 102 is connected to the variable resistor, and the piston drives the variable resistor to adjust the resistance value.

[0055] The variable resistor 101 includes a plurality of second anode resistors 1010 and a plurality of second reed switches 1011 . The second electrode sheet 202 is connected to the first electrode sheet 201 through all the second anode resistors 1010 connected in series.

[0056] Two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode sheet 201 via a second reed switch 1011, and the piston is used to drive each second reed switch to open and close;

[0057] The variable resistor 101 includes two fixing members 1012 , two circuit boards 1013 and a rotating shaft 1014 .

[0058] The rotating shaft 1014 is fixed between the two fixing members 1012 .

[0059] A second magnet is disposed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and a second reed switch is disposed around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft, and a reed docking point of the second reed switch is aligned with the axial position of the second magnet.

[0060] One end of the rotating shaft 1014 is connected to the piston via a rocker arm, and the piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0061] Two ends of the second reed switch are connected to two circuit boards respectively, and two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to two circuit boards respectively;

[0062] The two ends of the first reed switch are respectively connected to the two circuit boards, the first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor, the first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor, and the two ends of the first anode resistor are respectively connected to the two circuit boards;

[0063] The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet through the circuit board.

[0064] The electronic accelerator includes a control device that transmits a rheostat control signal to the hydraulic pump.

[0065] The control device transmits a control switch control signal to the hydraulic pump in an operating state where the resistance of the variable resistor is minimum.

[0066] The specific working process is: using the anode potential regulating device to reduce the potential difference between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet, specifically, the resistance value of the variable resistor can be gradually reduced, and when it is reduced to the lowest resistance value, the control switch is started.

[0067] Technology of instantaneously closing and opening the beam: When the cathode of the electron gun reaches a certain high temperature, it will emit a large number of electrons. At this time, the electrons are attracted by an absorber (commonly known as the anode) with a positive potential relative to the cathode and injected into the accelerator tube for acceleration. In this way, a high-energy electron beam is formed, and at the same time, strong radiation is generated to harm the environment and human body.

[0068] Now, the method of this embodiment is: 1. After the irradiation work is completed, the anode is suddenly short-circuited with the cathode (the beam control switch is closed). Without the positive potential of the anode relative to the cathode, the electrons emitted by the cathode cannot come out, and the electrons cannot enter the accelerator tube to be accelerated, and the high-energy electron beam cannot be formed, and there will be no radiation hazard. At this time, the shielding room can be safely opened to take out and put in the items; 2. After putting in the items and closing the shielding room, the anode is suddenly open-circuited with the cathode (the beam control switch is turned on). At this time, because the anode has a positive potential relative to the cathode, the electrons near the cathode are quickly drawn out and injected into the accelerator tube, and the high-energy electron beam is immediately formed, and the items can be irradiated immediately.

[0069] Under the premise of ensuring radiation safety, the present invention significantly reduces the construction cost of radiation shielding, and also significantly reduces the space occupied by irradiation processing, thus providing the necessary basic conditions for miniaturization and even mobility of irradiation processing.

[0070] See also Figure 5 Specifically, the high voltage power supply 2031 of the electron accelerator is divided into a first branch 1016 , a second branch 1017 and a third branch 1018 .

[0071] The two circuit boards are respectively a first circuit board 10131 and a second circuit board 10132 .

[0072] The first branch 1016 is disposed on the first circuit board 10131 , and the second branch 1017 is disposed on the second circuit board 10132 .

[0073] The third branch is a series connection of second anode resistors 1010, one end of each second anode resistor is disposed on the first circuit board and the other end is disposed on the second circuit board;

[0074] For a second anode resistor, when the current direction 10101 in the second anode resistor is from the first circuit board to the second circuit board, one end 10111 of the second reed switch corresponding to the second anode resistor is connected to the first branch 1016 and the other end 10112 of the second reed switch is connected between the second anode resistor and the next second anode resistor.

[0075] When the current direction 10101 in the second anode resistor is from the second circuit board to the first circuit board, one end of the second reed switch corresponding to the second anode resistor is connected to the second branch 1017 and the other end is connected between the second anode resistor and the next second anode resistor;

[0076] The first branch, the second branch and the third branch are connected after the last second anode resistor, that is, they are connected at the node between the last second anode resistor and the second electrode sheet.

[0077] The second anode resistor is connected in series with the boost resistor. The last resistor (the bottom resistor) of the boost resistor is a sampling resistor. The sampling resistor can be used to obtain and calculate the voltage value of the anode under the current resistance value of the variable resistor.

[0078] Figure 4 The reference numerals 1013 in the figure correspond to the circuit principles Figure 5 10131 and 10132 are two circuit boards. Figure 5 It means Figure 3 The wiring and installation of the resistor and switch in the middle. This wiring method is simplified after removing two circuit boards. Figure 3 Looks like, Figure 3 After simplification, it can be replaced by a variable resistor icon.

[0079] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electron beam control device for an electron accelerator, the electron accelerator comprising a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet, an electron gun and a high voltage terminal, the high voltage terminal is connected to the first electrode sheet, the cathode of the electron gun is arranged between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet, characterized in that: The electron beam control device includes a first hydraulic cylinder and a control switch. The control switch is connected between the high voltage end and the second electrode sheet; The first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic pump through a fluid delivery pipeline, and the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the control switch, and the piston drives the control switch to be opened and closed; the closing of the control switch short-circuits the second electrode sheet and the electron gun, and the positive potential of the second electrode sheet relative to the cathode disappears; The electron beam flow control device comprises two mounting parts, a guide rod and a slider, the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the two mounting parts, the control switch is a first reed switch, the piston of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the slider, the slider is mounted on the guide rod, the axial direction of the guide rod is parallel to the movement direction of the piston, a first magnet is arranged on the slider, the piston drives the slider to move along the guide rod, and the first reed switch is closed and turned on when the first magnet and the reed of the first reed switch are aligned in the axial position; The electron accelerator includes an anode potential regulating device, and the anode potential regulating device includes a variable resistor and a second hydraulic cylinder. The variable resistor is connected between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet; The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic pump through a fluid infusion pipeline, a piston of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the variable resistor, and the piston drives the variable resistor to adjust the resistance value.

2. The electron beam control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the guide rods is two and they are fixed between two mounting parts. The slider includes a U-shaped bracket and a mounting block. The bottom of the U-shaped bracket is connected to the piston. The mounting block is arranged at the front end of the two arms of the U-shaped bracket. The mounting block is installed on the guide rod.

3. The electron beam control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The projection of the reed switch on the plane where the two guide rods are located is located between the two guide rods, and the first magnet is located between the two guide rods.

4. The electron beam control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable resistor includes a plurality of second anode resistors and a plurality of second reed switches, the second electrode sheet is connected to the first electrode sheet through all the second anode resistors connected in series, two adjacent second anode resistors are connected to the first electrode sheet through a second reed switch, and the piston is used to drive each second reed switch to open and close; The variable resistor includes two fixing parts, two circuit boards and a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixed between the two fixing parts. A second magnet is provided on the outer surface of the rotating shaft. The second reed switch is arranged around the cylindrical outer surface of the rotating shaft and the reed docking point of the second reed switch is aligned with the axial position of the second magnet. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the piston through a rocker arm, and the piston drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

5. The electron beam control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two ends of the second reed switch are connected to two circuit boards respectively, and two ends of the second anode resistor are connected to two circuit boards respectively; The two ends of the first reed switch are respectively connected to the two circuit boards, the first reed switch is connected in parallel with a first anode resistor, the first anode resistor is connected in series with a second anode resistor, and the two ends of the first anode resistor are respectively connected to the two circuit boards; The first reed switch, the first anode resistor, the second reed switch and the second anode resistor are all connected to the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet through the circuit board.

6. The electron beam current control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic accelerator includes a control device that transmits a rheostat control signal to the hydraulic pump.

7. The electron beam current control device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control device transmits a control switch control signal to the hydraulic pump in an operating state where the resistance of the variable resistor is minimum.

8. An electron accelerator, characterized in that: The electron accelerator comprises the electron beam control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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