An automatic loading and unloading mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of automated equipment, and in particular to an automated loading and unloading mechanism, including a loading rack, a receiving rack, a loading and conveying module, a receiving and conveying module, and a transfer module. The loading rack is provided with a first layer and a second layer, respectively; the receiving rack has the same structure as the loading rack and is arranged opposite to the loading rack, and the loading rack and the receiving rack are provided with material boxes, respectively, which are used to store workpieces, the first layer is used to store material boxes full of workpieces, and the second layer is used to store empty material boxes; the loading and conveying module is arranged close to the loading rack, and is used to drive the material boxes to be transferred into the first layer or the second layer; the receiving and conveying module is arranged close to the receiving rack, and the structure of the receiving and conveying module is the same as that of the loading and conveying module; the transfer module is arranged between the loading and conveying module and the receiving and conveying module, and is used to transfer the workpieces between the material boxes and the processing equipment. The present application has the effect of improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automation equipment, and in particular to an automated loading and unloading mechanism. Background Art

[0002] At present, circuit boards are an indispensable component of modern electronic devices, and their production efficiency and quality directly affect the performance and reliability of electronic products. The production and manufacturing process of circuit boards is complex and involves multiple steps, including but not limited to material preparation, inner layer production, lamination, drilling, electroplating, outer layer production, solder mask, silk screen printing, surface treatment, testing and assembly. In the related art, when it is necessary to perform wire welding on a circuit board (hereinafter referred to as the workpiece), the staff must first transfer the workpiece in the storage box to the processing equipment, and then the processing equipment will perform wire welding on the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the staff will put the workpiece back into the box.

[0003] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies: the loading and unloading operations are performed by staff, and the overall work efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve work efficiency, the present application provides an automated loading and unloading mechanism.

[0005] This application provides an automatic loading and unloading mechanism, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An automatic loading and unloading mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A loading rack, wherein a first layer body and a second layer body are respectively provided on the loading rack;

[0008] A material receiving rack, which has the same structure as the material loading rack and is arranged opposite to the material loading rack. The material loading rack and the material receiving rack are respectively provided with a material box, and the material box is used to store workpieces. The first layer is used to store a material box full of workpieces, and the second layer is used to store an empty material box;

[0009] A loading and conveying module is provided near the loading rack, and is used to drive the material box to be transported into the first layer or the second layer;

[0010] A receiving and conveying module is provided close to the receiving rack, and the structure of the receiving and conveying module is the same as that of the loading and conveying module;

[0011] A transfer module is provided between the loading and conveying module and the receiving and conveying module, and is used to transfer the workpiece between the material box and the processing equipment.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the workpiece needs to be processed, the material box stored on the first layer is first moved to the loading and conveying module, and then the workpiece stored in the material box is transferred to the processing equipment by the transfer module, so that the processing equipment can process the workpiece. After the processing is completed, the transfer module transfers the workpiece to the material box on the receiving and conveying module for storage to complete the processing operation of the workpiece. Repeating the above process can complete the processing of multiple workpieces, which is conducive to the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, and to a certain extent avoids the inefficiency and high error rate caused by manual operation, and is conducive to improving the speed and accuracy of the processing process. And when the workpieces stored in a material box are all transferred out by the transfer module, the loading and conveying module can transfer the empty material box to the second layer for storage, so that the full material box and the empty material box can be stored separately on different layers to avoid the confusion caused by mixed storage, further improving work efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, a first conveyor belt is respectively provided on the first layer and the second layer, the material box is placed on the first conveyor belt, the loading and conveying module includes a lifting component, a support plate and a second conveyor belt, the support plate is connected to the lifting component, the second conveyor belt is provided on the support plate, the lifting component is used to drive the support plate to rise and fall, and the second conveyor belt is used to drive the material box close to or away from the loading rack.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the material box needs to be transported between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, the lifting component is started first. The lifting component drives the second conveyor belt to move through the support plate, so that the second conveyor belt is flush with the first conveyor belt on the first layer or the second layer, thereby making it easier for the first conveyor belt to transport the fully loaded material box to the second conveyor belt, and easier for the second conveyor belt to transport the empty material box to the first conveyor belt, so as to realize automatic feeding and recovery of the material box, which is beneficial to increase the speed of loading and unloading of workpieces and significantly improve the accuracy of loading and unloading.

[0015] Optionally, a positioning assembly is provided on the support plate, and the positioning assembly is used to locate the position of the material box relative to the support plate.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning component can accurately locate the position of the material box relative to the support plate to ensure that the material box is always in the correct position during the lifting and conveying process, which is beneficial to avoid deviation of the workpiece during the conveying process due to the position offset of the material box, and thus helps to improve the accuracy of the loading and unloading process.

[0017] Optionally, the positioning assembly includes a horizontal drive member, a vertical drive member, a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate, the horizontal drive member and the first positioning plate are respectively arranged on the support plate, one end of the first positioning plate extends above the second conveyor belt and is located on the side of the second conveyor belt away from the loading rack, the vertical drive member is connected to the horizontal drive member, the second positioning plate is arranged on the vertical drive member and opposite to the first positioning plate, the vertical drive member is used to drive the second positioning plate to rise and fall, and the horizontal drive member is used to drive the vertical drive member to move horizontally.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the material box is conveyed to the second conveyor belt, the end of the first positioning plate extending above the second conveyor belt can contact the material box, so that the material box no longer moves along the second conveyor belt, and at this time, the vertical driving member drives the second positioning plate to rise and fall, and the horizontal driving member drives the second positioning plate to move horizontally through the vertical driving member, so that the second positioning plate contacts the material box and adjusts the position of the material box to achieve precise positioning of the material box, so that the placement position of the material box on the second conveyor belt is more accurate and stable, thereby improving the accuracy of the workpiece in the subsequent processing process, and to a certain extent realizing efficient and stable operation in the process of automated loading and unloading.

[0019] Optionally, the transfer module includes a push rod assembly, a transfer assembly and a robotic arm, the push rod assembly is connected to the loading rack, the transfer assembly is arranged between the loading and conveying module and the receiving and conveying module, the push rod assembly is used to push the workpiece in the material box onto the transfer assembly, the transfer assembly is used to convey the workpiece to the material box on the receiving and conveying module, and the robotic arm is used to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly and the processing equipment.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the workpiece needs to be processed, the push rod assembly works to push the workpiece stored in the material box to the transfer assembly, and the robotic arm transports the workpiece from the transfer assembly to the processing equipment for processing. After the workpiece processing is completed, the robotic arm puts the workpiece back on the transfer assembly, and then the transfer assembly transports the workpiece to the material box on the material receiving and conveying module, thereby facilitating the automatic transfer of the workpiece between the material box and the processing equipment, effectively improving the processing efficiency and accuracy, and to a certain extent avoiding the inefficiency and error-prone problems caused by manual operation.

[0021] Optionally, the push rod assembly includes a connecting plate, a push rod driving member and a push rod, the connecting plate is connected to the loading rack, the push rod driving member is arranged on the connecting plate, and the push rod is slidably arranged on the connecting plate and connected to the output end of the push rod driving member.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the push rod driving member can drive the push rod to slide along the connecting plate, so as to facilitate the precise pushing of the workpiece in the material box onto the transfer assembly to ensure the stable transmission of the workpiece, thereby helping to improve the degree of automation and accuracy of the loading and unloading process, and helping to improve processing efficiency.

[0023] Optionally, a rotating wheel is provided on the push rod driving member, a guide rail is provided on the connecting plate, the push rod is slidably provided on the guide rail, a guide groove is provided on the push rod along its own length direction, the rotating wheel is inserted into the guide groove and fits against the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the push rod needs to be driven to move, the push rod driving member drives the rotary wheel to rotate, and the rotary wheel applies force to the inner wall of the guide groove, thereby facilitating the driving of the push rod to slide along the guide rail, and the rotary wheel is inserted in the guide groove, which can make the push rod slide more smoothly on the guide rail, and to a certain extent reduce the shaking of the push rod in the process of pushing the workpiece, thereby helping to improve the pushing accuracy and stability, and helping to avoid the workpiece position offset due to the shaking of the push rod and affecting subsequent processing.

[0025] Optionally, the transfer assembly includes a transfer plate, a transfer conveyor belt and a guide roller, the transfer plate is arranged between the loading conveying module and the receiving conveying module, the transfer conveyor belt is arranged on the transfer plate, the guide roller is hinged on the transfer plate, and the guide roller is spaced apart from the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the push rod assembly pushes the workpiece onto the transfer conveyor belt, the workpiece can enter between the guide roller and the transfer conveyor belt, thereby facilitating the use of the guide roller to guide and stabilize the workpiece, allowing the workpiece to smoothly transition to the transfer conveyor belt and helping to prevent the workpiece from shifting, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of workpiece transmission to a certain extent. The transfer conveyor belt can also drive the workpiece to move, thereby facilitating the transfer of the workpiece between the loading and receiving positions.

[0027] Optionally, an adjusting member is provided on the transfer plate, a limiting plate is provided on the adjusting member, the limiting plate is provided close to the material receiving and conveying module, and the adjusting member is used to adjust the position of the limiting plate.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjustment member can adjust the position of the limit plate, so that when the workpiece is conveyed to the transfer conveyor belt, the limit plate can be located above the transfer conveyor belt to limit the workpiece, making it less likely to shift, thereby facilitating the transfer of the workpiece by the robotic arm. Moreover, when the workpiece needs to be conveyed to the material box on the receiving and conveying module, the adjustment member can drive the limit plate to move below the transfer conveyor belt, so that the limit plate no longer limits the workpiece, allowing the transfer conveyor belt to convey the limit plate into the material box.

[0029] Optionally, a plurality of slots are provided in the material box, the plurality of slots are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box, and adjacent slots are spaced apart, and the slots are used to clamp the workpiece.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple card slots are evenly distributed and spaced along the length direction of the material box, so that multiple workpieces can be stably placed in the material box, effectively preventing the workpieces from shifting or colliding during transportation, which is beneficial to improving the positioning accuracy and safety of the workpieces during the automated loading and unloading process.

[0031] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0032] 1. Through the cooperation of the loading rack, receiving rack, loading and conveying module, receiving and conveying module and transfer module, the workpiece can be transported to the processing equipment for processing, and after the workpiece is processed, it can be transported to the material box on the receiving and conveying module for storage, which is conducive to the automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, to a certain extent, avoiding the inefficiency and high error rate caused by manual operation, and thus helping to improve work efficiency;

[0033] 2. Through the mutual cooperation of the loading rack, the first conveyor belt, the lifting assembly, the support plate, the second conveyor belt, the horizontal drive member, the vertical drive member, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, the fully loaded material boxes stored in the first layer can be accurately conveyed to the second conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt can convey the empty material boxes to the first conveyor belt on the second layer, so as to realize the automatic feeding and recovery of the material boxes, and help to avoid the deviation of the workpiece during the conveying process caused by the position deviation of the material box, thereby helping to improve the accuracy and speed of the loading and unloading process;

[0034] 3. Through the cooperation of the push rod assembly, transfer assembly and robotic arm, the workpiece can be automatically transferred between the material box and the processing equipment, thereby effectively improving the processing efficiency and accuracy, and thus helping to avoid the low efficiency and easy errors caused by manual operation;

[0035] 4. Through the mutual cooperation of the push rod driving member, the rotating wheel, the connecting member and the guide rail, the push rod driving member can stably drive the push rod to slide through the rotating wheel, thereby reducing the shaking of the push rod during the pushing of the workpiece, thereby improving the pushing accuracy and stability, and preventing the workpiece position from being offset due to the shaking of the push rod, which affects the subsequent processing;

[0036] 5. Through the cooperation of the transfer plate, transfer conveyor belt, guide roller, adjustment part and limit plate, the workpiece can be smoothly transferred to the transfer conveyor belt, which helps to avoid the position of the workpiece from shifting, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of workpiece transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of an automatic loading and unloading mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the feeding and conveying module and the push rod assembly in the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram of the loading rack and the loading and conveying module in the embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the transfer component in the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Loading rack; 11. First layer; 12. Second layer; 13. First conveyor belt; 2. Receiving rack; 3. Loading and conveying module; 31. Lifting assembly; 32. Support plate; 33. Second conveyor belt; 34. Positioning assembly; 341. Horizontal drive member; 342. Vertical drive member; 343. First positioning plate; 344. Second positioning plate; 4. Receiving and conveying module; 5. Transfer module; 51. Push rod assembly; 511. Connecting plate; 5111. Guide rail; 512. Push rod drive member; 5121. Rotating wheel; 513. Push rod; 5131. Guide groove; 52. Transfer assembly; 521. Transfer plate; 522. Transfer conveyor belt; 523. Guide roller; 524. Adjustment member; 525. Limiting plate; 53. Robotic arm; 6. Material box; 61. Card slot; 7. Processing equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0045] The embodiment of the present application discloses an automated loading and unloading mechanism.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 An automated loading and unloading mechanism includes a loading rack 1, a receiving rack 2, a loading and conveying module 3, a receiving and conveying module 4, and a transfer module 5. The receiving rack 2 has the same structure as the loading rack 1 and is positioned opposite the loading rack 1. Both the loading rack 1 and the receiving rack 2 are provided with a material box 6 for storing workpieces. The loading and conveying module 3 is positioned near the loading rack 1, while the receiving and conveying module 4 is positioned near the receiving rack 2. The receiving and conveying module 4 has the same structure as the loading and conveying module 3. The transfer module 5 is positioned between the loading and conveying module 3 and the receiving and conveying module 4. The transfer module 5 is used to transfer workpieces between the material box 6 and the processing equipment 7.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 The loading rack 1 is provided with a first layer 11 and a second layer 12, respectively. The first layer 11 is located above the second layer 12. The first layer 11 is used to store full workpiece boxes 6, and the second layer 12 is used to store empty workpiece boxes 6, thereby achieving efficient loading and unloading and promoting the automation upgrade of the entire system. In other embodiments, the first layer 11 can also be used to store empty workpiece boxes 6, and the second layer 12 can be used to store full workpiece boxes 6.

[0049] First conveyor belts 13 are installed in the first layer 11 and the second layer 12 respectively. The material box 6 is placed on the first conveyor belts 13 , so that the material box 6 can be transported by the first conveyor belts 13 .

[0050] Reference Figure 3 A plurality of card slots 61 are provided in the material box 6, and the plurality of card slots 61 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box 6. Adjacent card slots 61 are arranged at intervals, and a workpiece can be inserted into each card slot 61, so that multiple workpieces can be stably placed in the material box 6, effectively preventing the workpieces from being offset or collided during transportation, and thus helping to improve the positioning accuracy and safety of the workpieces during the automatic loading and unloading process.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The loading and conveying module 3 includes a lifting assembly 31, a support plate 32, and a second conveyor belt 33. The support plate 32 is connected to the lifting assembly 31. In this embodiment, the lifting assembly 31 is a screw elevator, which facilitates the lifting of the support plate 32 by the lifting assembly 31. The second conveyor belt 33 is mounted on the support plate 32 and is used to move the material box 6 toward or away from the loading rack 1.

[0052] When a fully loaded material box 6 needs to be conveyed to the second conveyor belt 33, the lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 to be raised and lowered via the support plate 32, so that the second conveyor belt 33 is flush with the first conveyor belt 13 in the first layer 11, thereby facilitating the first conveyor belt 13 to convey the fully loaded material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33. Furthermore, when an empty material box 6 on the second conveyor belt 33 needs to be conveyed to the first conveyor belt 13, the lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 to be flush with the first conveyor belt 13 in the second layer 12 via the support plate 32, thereby facilitating the second conveyor belt 33 to convey the empty material box 6 (hereinafter referred to as the empty material box 6) to the first conveyor belt 13. The first conveyor belt 13 can then carry the empty material box 6 into the second layer 12 for storage, thereby achieving the purpose of storing the fully loaded material box 6 and the empty material box 6 on different layers, avoiding operational confusion caused by mixed storage, and further improving work efficiency.

[0053] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 A positioning assembly 34 is mounted on the support plate 32. The positioning assembly 34 includes a horizontal drive member 341, a vertical drive member 342, a first positioning plate 343, and a second positioning plate 344. The horizontal drive member 341 and the first positioning plate 343 are mounted on the support plate 32, respectively. One end of the first positioning plate 343 extends above the second conveyor belt 33 and is located on the side of the second conveyor belt 33 away from the loading rack 1.

[0054] The vertical drive member 342 is fixedly connected to the horizontal drive member 341, and the second positioning plate 344 is mounted on the vertical drive member 342 and arranged opposite the first positioning plate 343. In this embodiment, both the horizontal drive member 341 and the vertical drive member 342 are cylinders, making it easy to use the horizontal drive member 341 to drive the vertical drive member 342 to move horizontally and the vertical drive member 342 to drive the second positioning plate 344 to move up and down.

[0055] When the material box 6 needs to be conveyed to the second conveyor belt 33, the vertical driving member 342 is operated to drive the second positioning plate 344 to descend, so that the second positioning plate 344 moves to the bottom of the first conveyor belt 13, so that the first conveyor belt 13 can convey the material box 6 to the second conveyor belt 33. At this time, the end of the first positioning plate 343 extending above the second conveyor belt 33 can contact the material box 6, so that the material box 6 no longer moves along the second conveyor belt 33. Then, the vertical driving member 342 and the horizontal driving member 341 are operated to drive one end of the second positioning plate 344 to move above the first conveyor belt 13 and contact the material box 6, thereby achieving precise positioning of the material box 6.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 The transfer module 5 includes a push rod assembly 51, a transfer assembly 52, and a robotic arm 53. The push rod assembly 51 is connected to the loading rack 1, the transfer assembly 52 is installed between the loading conveying module 3 and the receiving conveying module 4, and the robotic arm 53 is set beside the transfer assembly 52. ​​The robotic arm 53 can move to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly 52 and the processing equipment 7.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 The push rod assembly 51 includes a connecting plate 511, a push rod driver 512, and a push rod 513. The connecting plate 511 is fixedly connected to the loading rack 1 and disposed near the first layer 11. The push rod driver 512 is mounted on the connecting plate 511, and a rotating wheel 5121 is fixedly connected to the push rod driver 512. In this embodiment, the push rod driver 512 is a motor, so that the push rod driver 512 can be used to drive the rotating wheel 5121 to rotate.

[0058] A guide rail 5111 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 511, and the guide rail 5111 is arranged along the conveying direction perpendicular to the second conveyor belt 33. The push rod 513 is slidably connected to the guide rail 5111, and a guide groove 5131 is opened on the push rod 513 along its own length direction. The wheel 5121 is inserted into the guide groove 5131 and fits with the inner wall of the guide groove 5131, so that when the wheel 5121 rotates, the wheel 5121 can apply force to the inner wall of the guide groove 5131 to drive the push rod 513 to slide back and forth along the guide rail 5111.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The transfer assembly 52 includes a transfer plate 521, a transfer conveyor belt 522, and guide rollers 523. The transfer plate 521 is positioned between the loading and unloading conveyor module 3 and the receiving and unloading conveyor module 4. In this embodiment, the transfer plate 521 is mounted and fixed via a bracket. In other embodiments, the transfer plate 521 can also be connected and fixed to the loading rack 1 and the receiving rack 2, respectively.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The transfer conveyor belt 522 is mounted on the transfer plate 521, and its conveying direction is perpendicular to that of the second conveyor belt 33. The guide rollers 523 are hinged to the transfer plate 521, and are spaced apart from the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt 522. This allows the distance between the guide rollers 523 and the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt 522 to be adjusted, facilitating the passage of workpieces between the guide rollers 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, four guide rollers 523 are provided, and the four guide rollers 523 are grouped in pairs, and one group of guide rollers 523 is provided close to the loading and conveying module 3, and the other group of guide rollers 523 is provided close to the receiving and conveying module 4, so that the guide rollers 523 can be used to guide and stabilize the workpiece to avoid the position of the workpiece from being offset.

[0062] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 When the workpiece needs to be processed, the push rod driving member 512 works to drive the push rod 513 to move, so that the push rod 513 pushes out a workpiece stored in the material box 6 on the second conveyor belt 33 and makes the workpiece enter between the guide roller 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522, so that the transfer conveyor belt 522 can drive the workpiece to the specified position and separate from the guide roller 523. At this time, the robot arm 53 (refer to Figure 1 ) can remove the workpiece from the transfer conveyor belt 522 and transport it to the processing equipment 7 (refer to Figure 1 ) is processed, and after the workpiece is processed, the robot arm 53 (refer to Figure 1 ) and then put the workpiece back into the transfer conveyor belt 522 so that the transfer conveyor belt 522 can convey the workpiece to the receiving and conveying module 4 (refer to Figure 1 ) is stored in the material box 6 on the workpiece, thereby realizing the workpiece between the material box 6 and the processing equipment 7 (refer to Figure 1 ) between the automatic transfer.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 An adjusting member 524 is mounted on the transfer plate 521, to which a limit plate 525 is fixedly connected. The limit plate 525 is positioned near the receiving and conveying module 4. In this embodiment, the adjusting member 524 includes a horizontal adjustment cylinder and a vertical adjustment cylinder. The horizontal adjustment cylinder is mounted on the transfer plate 521, the vertical adjustment cylinder is fixedly connected to the horizontal adjustment cylinder, and the limit plate 525 is fixedly connected to the vertical adjustment cylinder, so that the position of the limit plate 525 can be adjusted by using the horizontal and vertical adjustment cylinders.

[0064] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 When the push rod 513 pushes the workpiece onto the transfer conveyor belt 522, the adjustment member 524 works to drive one end of the limiting plate 525 to move above the transfer conveyor belt 522, thereby facilitating the use of the limiting plate 525 to limit the workpiece, so that the position of the workpiece is not easily offset.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 When the workpiece needs to be transported to the receiving and conveying module 4 for storage, the adjusting member 524 drives the limit plate 525 to move to the bottom of the transfer conveyor belt 522, so that the limit plate 525 no longer limits the workpiece, thereby facilitating the transfer conveyor belt 522 to transport the limit plate 525 to the material box 6 on the receiving and conveying module 4.

[0066] The operating principle of the automated loading and unloading mechanism of the present embodiment is as follows: When a workpiece needs to be processed, the lifting assembly 31 is first activated. The lifting assembly 31 drives the second conveyor belt 33 via the support plate 32, so that the second conveyor belt 33 is flush with the first conveyor belt 13 within the first layer 11. At this point, the second positioning plate 344 is located below the first conveyor belt 13. The first conveyor belt 13 is then activated, and the first conveyor belt 13 transports the material box 6 onto the second conveyor belt 33, where the second positioning plate 344 and the first positioning plate 343 are used to position the material box 6.

[0067] Next, the push rod driver 512 is activated, which drives the push rod 513 via the rotating wheel 5121 to move into the magazine 6, pushing the workpiece out of the magazine 6 and placing it between the guide roller 523 and the transfer conveyor belt 522. The transfer conveyor belt 522 then drives the workpiece to the designated position. The robotic arm 53 is then activated, removing the workpiece and conveying it to the processing equipment 7 for processing. Once the workpiece is processed, the robotic arm 53 returns the workpiece to the transfer conveyor belt 522.

[0068] Finally, the transfer conveyor belt 522 conveys the workpiece to the material box 6 on the receiving and conveying module 4 for storage. Repeating the above operation can realize the processing of multiple workpieces.

[0069] In this embodiment, the robotic arm 53 can take materials according to the number that the processing equipment 7 can process simultaneously. The specific example is as follows: when the processing equipment 7 can process six workpieces at a time, the push rod 513 can be used to push the six workpieces to the transfer conveyor belt 522 in turn, and the robotic arm 53 can grab the six workpieces in turn, and then transfer them to the processing equipment 7 for processing at one time. After the processing is completed, the six workpieces are put back in turn.

[0070] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading mechanism, characterized in that: include: A loading rack (1), wherein a first layer (11) and a second layer (12) are respectively provided on the loading rack (1); A material receiving rack (2), the material receiving rack (2) having the same structure as the material loading rack (1) and being arranged opposite to the material loading rack (1), the material loading rack (1) and the material receiving rack (2) are respectively provided with a material box (6), the material box (6) is used to store workpieces, the first layer (11) is used to store a material box (6) full of workpieces, and the second layer (12) is used to store an empty material box (6), the first layer (11) and the second layer (12) are respectively provided with a first conveyor belt (13), and the material box (6) is placed on the first conveyor belt (13); A loading and conveying module (3) is arranged near the loading rack (1), and the loading and conveying module (3) includes a lifting component (31), a support plate (32) and a second conveyor belt (33), wherein the support plate (32) is connected to the lifting component (31), and the second conveyor belt (33) is arranged on the support plate (32). The lifting component (31) is used to drive the support plate (32) to rise and fall, and the second conveyor belt (33) is used to drive the material box (6) to approach or move away from the loading rack (1); A positioning assembly (34) is provided on the support plate (32), and the positioning assembly (34) includes a first positioning plate (343) and a second positioning plate (344). The first positioning plate (343) is provided on the support plate (32), one end of the first positioning plate (343) extends above the second conveyor belt (33) and is located on a side of the second conveyor belt (33) away from the loading rack (1), and the second positioning plate (344) is provided opposite to the first positioning plate (343); A material receiving and conveying module (4) is provided close to the material receiving rack (2), and the structure of the material receiving and conveying module (4) is the same as that of the material loading and conveying module (3); A transfer module (5) is arranged between the loading and conveying module (3) and the receiving and conveying module (4), the transfer module (5) comprising a push rod assembly (51), a transfer assembly (52) and a robotic arm (53), the push rod assembly (51) being connected to the loading rack (1), the transfer assembly (52) being arranged between the loading and conveying module (3) and the receiving and conveying module (4), and the robotic arm (53) being used to transfer the workpiece between the transfer assembly (52) and the processing equipment (7); The push rod assembly (51) includes a connecting plate (511), a push rod driving member (512) and a push rod (513), wherein the connecting plate (511) is connected to the loading rack (1), the push rod driving member (512) is arranged on the connecting plate (511), and the push rod (513) is slidably arranged on the connecting plate (511) and connected to the output end of the push rod driving member (512); The transfer assembly (52) includes a transfer plate (521), a transfer conveyor belt (522) and a guide roller (523); the transfer plate (521) is arranged between the loading conveyor module (3) and the receiving conveyor module (4); the transfer conveyor belt (522) is arranged on the transfer plate (521); the guide roller (523) is hinged on the transfer plate (521); and the guide roller (523) is spaced apart from the upper conveying surface of the transfer conveyor belt (522); When the workpiece needs to be processed, the lifting assembly (31) drives the second conveyor belt (33) to move through the support plate (32), so that the second conveyor belt (33) is flush with the first conveyor belt (13) in the first layer (11), and the first conveyor belt (13) conveys the material box (6) to the second conveyor belt (33), and uses the second positioning plate (344) and the first positioning plate (343) to position the material box (6); the push rod driving member (512) drives the push rod (51 3) Pushing the workpiece out of the material box (6) and allowing the workpiece to enter between the guide roller (523) and the transfer conveyor belt (522), the transfer conveyor belt (522) drives the workpiece to move to a designated position, the robotic arm (53) removes the workpiece and conveys it to the processing equipment (7) for processing, and after the workpiece processing is completed, the robotic arm (53) puts the workpiece back to the transfer conveyor belt (522), and the transfer conveyor belt (522) conveys the workpiece to the material box (6) on the receiving and conveying module (4) for storage.

2. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (34) includes a horizontal driving member (341) and a vertical driving member (342), wherein the horizontal driving member (341) is arranged on the support plate (32), and the vertical driving member (342) is connected to the horizontal driving member (341), and the second positioning plate (344) is arranged on the vertical driving member (342), and the vertical driving member (342) is used to drive the second positioning plate (344) to rise and fall, and the horizontal driving member (341) is used to drive the vertical driving member (342) to move horizontally.

3. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating wheel (5121) is provided on the push rod driving member (512), a guide rail (5111) is provided on the connecting plate (511), the push rod (513) is slidably provided on the guide rail (5111), a guide groove (5131) is provided on the push rod (513) along its length direction, and the rotating wheel (5121) is inserted into the guide groove (5131) and fits against the inner wall of the guide groove (5131).

4. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer plate (521) is provided with an adjusting member (524), and a limiting plate (525) is provided on the adjusting member (524). The limiting plate (525) is provided close to the receiving and conveying module (4), and the adjusting member (524) is used to adjust the position of the limiting plate (525).

5. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slots (61) are provided in the material box (6), the plurality of slots (61) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the material box (6), and adjacent slots (61) are arranged at intervals. The slots (61) are used to clamp a workpiece.

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