Fertilizer synergistic loss control agent as well as preparation method and application thereof
By activating the combination of molecular sieve, wood ash, clay powder and biomass oil residues, fertilizer efficiency control agents are prepared, which solves the problem of high fertilizer loss rate, and achieves the effect of improving fertilizer utilization and reducing loss rate, forming a low-cost environmental protection. type fertilizer.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311793820.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-25
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
AI Technical Summary
The loss rate of existing fertilizers is high, resulting in reduced efficacy and environmental pollution. It is urgent to develop fertilizer efficiency loss control agents to improve utilization and reduce loss rate.
The fertilizer efficiency loss control agent is prepared by raw materials such as activated molecular sieve, wood ash, clay powder and biomass oil residue. The hydrochloric acid impregnation of activated molecular sieve and the drying of clay powder are formed to form porous materials to improve adsorption capacity, and granulation technology is used to form Make the fertilizer form micro-groups and reduce loss.
It effectively improves the absorption and utilization rate of N, P and K elements, minimizes the loss rate of chemical fertilizers, and forms low-cost, environmentally friendly loss-controlled fertilizers, which improves the fertilizer application effect.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fertilizers, and in particular to a fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Food is the basic condition for human survival. Cultivating excellent varieties and improving food output and quality per unit area have become the main focus of people's efforts to solve the food problem.
[0003] Fertilization is an important method to improve fields and increase crop yields, but the loss rate of fertilizers on the market is relatively high. The loss of fertilizers not only reduces their effectiveness, but also pollutes the environment.
[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a suitable fertilizer efficiency-enhancing and loss-controlling agent to improve fertilizer utilization and reduce losses. Summary of the invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fertilizer efficiency-enhancing and loss-controlling agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The fertilizer efficiency-enhancing and loss-controlling agent of the present invention can effectively improve the absorption and utilization rate of N, P and K elements and reduce the fertilizer loss rate to the greatest extent.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:
[0007] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of activated molecular sieve, 10 to 30 parts of plant ash, 10 to 40 parts of clay powder and 15 to 30 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0008] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials are included in the following specific weight proportions: 6 parts of activated molecular sieve, 20 parts of wood ash, 20 parts of clay powder, and 20 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0009] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials are included in the following specific weight proportions: 7 parts of activated molecular sieve, 25 parts of wood ash, 30 parts of clay powder, and 25 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0010] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials are included in the following specific weight proportions: 8 parts of activated molecular sieve, 28 parts of wood ash, 35 parts of clay powder, and 29 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0011] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the activated molecular sieve is obtained by: activating the molecular sieve by soaking it in 5% hydrochloric acid for 8 to 20 hours, then draining it, drying it in an oven at 100 to 110° C., and crushing it to 100 to 120 meshes.
[0012] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the clay powder is obtained by: placing the clay in an oven at 100-110° C. to dry to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing to 100-120 meshes.
[0013] A preparation method of the above-mentioned fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent comprises mixing the raw materials according to the above-mentioned weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0014] An application of the above-mentioned fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is to mix the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent with fertilizer, and the added amount of the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is 5% to 10% of the total amount of fertilizer, and then the mixture is granulated by a granulator; the obtained granulated product is directly used for fertilization.
[0015] The working principle of each raw material of the present invention:
[0016] Molecular sieve: Molecular sieve itself is porous; after activation treatment, the metal ions on the surface of the molecular sieve are replaced by hydrogen ions, which improves the molecular sieve's ability to adsorb fertilizer chemical elements, especially potassium; and it is more firmly combined with N, P, K, etc. in the fertilizer through hydrogen bonding, van der Waals force, and attraction between ions, so that the effective ingredients of the fertilizer are difficult to be lost with water. It should be noted that if the molecular sieve is not activated with hydrochloric acid, the amount of chemical elements adsorbed in the fertilizer is small, so activation is the key.
[0017] Wood ash: Wood ash itself is a potassium fertilizer, which can not only increase the efficiency of chemical fertilizers (potassium element), but also adsorb elements such as N and P in chemical fertilizers.
[0018] Biomass oil residue: Biomass oil residue contains elements that can be used as fertilizers, which can enhance the efficiency of fertilizers.
[0019] Clay: After being specially treated by the method of the present invention, the clay has good bonding properties and is used to bond the various substances in the fertilizer into micro-clusters, so that the fertilizer will not dissolve quickly when applied to the farmland, and the granulated fertilizer is in the soil in the form of micro-clusters.
[0020] It should be noted that if clay is not added, the molecular sieve, wood ash and biomass oil residue will be easily carried away by water due to their small particle size; after adding clay, the molecular sieve and other fertilizer ingredients will be tightly bonded together during fertilizer granulation, which will not only seal the surface of the molecular sieve, but also keep the fertilizer particles as long as possible, making it difficult for large particles to be carried away by water, and also play a slow-release role.
[0021] The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that the fertilizer loss control agent of the present invention can be added to fertilizers to prepare various types of low-cost, environmentally friendly loss control fertilizers, which, after being applied to the soil, can effectively improve the absorption and utilization rate of N, P, and K elements and reduce the fertilizer loss rate to the greatest extent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
[0023] The molecular sieve used in the present invention is a hydrated aluminosilicate (zeolite) or natural zeolite artificially synthesized in the art with the function of screening molecules, and its general chemical formula is (M'2M)O·Al 2 O 3 ·xSiO2·yH 2 O, M′, M are monovalent and divalent cations, such as K+, Na+, Ca2+, Ba2+, etc.; it has high adsorption capacity, strong selectivity, and high temperature resistance, and is widely used in organic chemical industry and petrochemical industry; it has porosity and adsorption properties; it is a powdery substance with a white-gray color.
[0024] The plant ash used in the present invention refers to the residue after the burning of plants (herbs and woody plants), which is an insoluble substance. Since the plant ash is the ashes after the burning of plants, almost all the mineral elements contained in plants are contained in the plant ash. Among them, the most abundant element is potassium, which generally contains 6-12% potassium, of which more than 90% is water-soluble and exists in the form of carbonate; followed by phosphorus, which generally contains 1.5-3%; it also contains trace nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur and iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, etc. When the plant ash is applied with the same amount of potassium, the fertilizer effect is better than that of chemical potassium fertilizer, and it is an inorganic farmyard fertilizer with a wide source, low cost, complete nutrients and obvious fertilizer effect; it is a gray powder.
[0025] The biomass oil residue used in the present invention is composed of aliphatic, aromatic and oligosaccharide organic compounds; it is generally in the form of blocks and can be crushed into powder; it has a certain soil fertility enhancement effect.
[0026] The clay used in the present invention refers to a sticky soil with very few sand particles, which is difficult for water to pass through and has good plasticity; it is formed by the weathering of silicate minerals on the earth's surface, generally weathered in situ, with larger particles and a composition close to the original stone, which is called primary clay or primary clay; the components of this clay are mainly silicon oxide and aluminum oxide.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss control agent of the present embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of activated molecular sieve, 10 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of clay powder, and 15 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0029] The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking in 5% hydrochloric acid for 8 hours, then draining, drying in an oven at 100° C., and crushing to 100 meshes.
[0030] The clay powder is obtained by drying the clay in an oven at 100°C to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 100 meshes.
[0031] Preparation method:
[0032] The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss control agent of the present embodiment includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of activated molecular sieve, 20 parts of wood ash, 20 parts of clay powder, and 20 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0035] The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking it in 5% hydrochloric acid for 10 hours, then draining it, drying it in an oven at 105° C., and crushing it into 110 meshes.
[0036] The clay powder is obtained by drying the clay in an oven at 105°C to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 110 mesh.
[0037] Preparation method:
[0038] The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0039] Example 3
[0040] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent of the present embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of activated molecular sieve, 25 parts of wood ash, 30 parts of clay powder, and 25 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0041] The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking it in 5% hydrochloric acid for 14 hours, then draining it, drying it in an oven at 105° C., and crushing it into 110 meshes.
[0042] The clay powder is obtained by drying the clay in an oven at 105°C to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 110 mesh.
[0043] Preparation method:
[0044] The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0045] Example 4
[0046] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent of the present embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of activated molecular sieve, 28 parts of wood ash, 35 parts of clay powder, and 29 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0047] The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking it in 5% hydrochloric acid for 15 hours, then draining it, drying it in an oven at 105° C., and crushing it into 110 meshes.
[0048] The clay powder is obtained by drying the clay in an oven at 105°C to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 110 mesh.
[0049] Preparation method:
[0050] The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0051] Example 5
[0052] A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent of the present embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of activated molecular sieve, 30 parts of wood ash, 40 parts of clay powder, and 30 parts of biomass oil residue.
[0053] The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking it in 5% hydrochloric acid for 20 hours, then draining it, drying it in an oven at 110° C., and crushing it into 120 meshes.
[0054] The clay powder is obtained by drying the clay in an oven at 110°C to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 120 mesh.
[0055] Preparation method:
[0056] The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
[0057] Example 6
[0058] This embodiment is an application of the fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent in the above embodiment:
[0059] The fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is mixed with fertilizer, and the added amount of the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is 5% of the total amount of fertilizer, and then the mixture is granulated by a granulator; the obtained granulated product is directly used for fertilization.
[0060] Example 7
[0061] This embodiment is an application of the fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent in the above embodiment:
[0062] The fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is mixed with fertilizer, and the added amount of the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is 8% of the total amount of fertilizer, and then the mixture is granulated by a granulator; the obtained granulated product is directly used for fertilization.
[0063] Example 8
[0064] This embodiment is an application of the fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent in the above embodiment:
[0065] The fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is mixed with fertilizer, and the added amount of the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is 10% of the total amount of fertilizer, and then the mixture is granulated by a granulator; the obtained granulated product is directly used for fertilization.
[0066] Comparative Example 1
[0067] The formula and preparation of a fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent in this comparative example are basically the same as those in Example 4, the main difference being that the molecular sieve is not activated.
[0068] Comparative Example 2
[0069] The formula and preparation of a fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent in this comparative example are basically the same as those in Example 4, the main difference being that no clay powder is added.
[0070] Test example
[0071] This test example is used to verify the efficacy of the fertilizer loss control agent of the present invention.
[0072] 400 mu of fields were selected, the soil properties and crops planted in the 400 mu of fields were the same, and the management during the crop planting period was also the same. 100 mu of fields were selected as control fields, 100 mu of fields as experimental fields 1, 100 mu of fields as experimental fields 2, and 100 mu of fields as experimental fields 3.
[0073] In the control fields, inorganic compound fertilizers were applied;
[0074] The same inorganic compound fertilizer + the fertilizer loss control agent of Example 3 (the amount of the fertilizer loss control agent added is 8% of the fertilizer) were applied in the experimental field 1;
[0075] In the experimental field 2, the same inorganic compound fertilizer + the fertilizer loss control agent of comparative example 1 were applied (the amount of the fertilizer loss control agent added was 8% of the fertilizer);
[0076] The same inorganic compound fertilizer + the fertilizer loss control agent of comparative example 2 (the amount of the fertilizer loss control agent added is 8% of the fertilizer) were applied in experimental field 3.
[0077] Fertilization was performed at the same time. Table 1 shows the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in each soil before fertilization. Table 2 shows the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil tested again one day after fertilization. Table 3 shows the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil tested again one month after fertilization. Since the crops planted in the control field and the experimental field and the management of the crops during the planting period are the same, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the crops in the control field and the experimental field is basically the same.
[0078] Table 1 Contents of N, P and K in each soil before fertilization
[0079]
[0080] Table 2 Contents of soil N, P and K elements one day after fertilization
[0081]
[0082] Table 3 Contents of soil N, P and K elements one month after fertilization
[0083]
[0084]
[0085] From the comparison of Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3, it can be seen that the reduction of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium elements is from large to small, control field > experimental field 3 > experimental field 2 > experimental field 1. Therefore, it can be seen that:
[0086] 1. Adding clay powder to the raw materials of fertilizer loss control agent can tightly bond various fertilizer components such as molecular sieves together, seal the surface of molecular sieves, keep fertilizer particles as long as possible, and effectively reduce fertilizer loss rate;
[0087] 2. If the molecular sieve in the raw material of fertilizer efficiency enhancer and loss controller is not activated with hydrochloric acid, the adsorption effect on chemical elements in the fertilizer will be greatly reduced.
[0088] In summary, adding the fertilizer efficiency-enhancing and loss-controlling agent of the raw material formula of the present invention to fertilizers and applying it to the soil can effectively improve the absorption and utilization rate of N, P, and K elements and reduce the fertilizer loss rate to the greatest extent.
[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of activated molecular sieve, 10 to 30 parts of plant ash, 10 to 40 parts of clay powder and 15 to 30 parts of biomass oil residue.
2. The fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in specific weight proportions: 6 parts of activated molecular sieve, 20 parts of wood ash, 20 parts of clay powder and 20 parts of biomass oil residue.
3. The fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in specific weight proportions: 7 parts of activated molecular sieve, 25 parts of wood ash, 30 parts of clay powder and 25 parts of biomass oil residue.
4. The fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in specific weight proportions: 8 parts of activated molecular sieve, 28 parts of wood ash, 35 parts of clay powder and 29 parts of biomass oil residue.
5. The fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The activated molecular sieve is obtained by the following method: the molecular sieve is activated by soaking in 5% hydrochloric acid for 8 to 20 hours, then draining, drying in an oven at 100 to 110° C., and crushing to 100 to 120 meshes.
6. The fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The clay powder is obtained by placing the clay in an oven at 100-110° C. for drying to improve the bonding performance; and then crushing the clay into 100-120 meshes.
7. A method for preparing the fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The raw materials are mixed according to the above weight proportions to finally obtain the desired fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent powder.
8. A use of the fertilizer efficiency enhancing and loss controlling agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is mixed with fertilizer, and the added amount of the fertilizer synergistic loss control agent is 5% to 10% of the total amount of fertilizer, and then the mixture is granulated by a granulator; the obtained granulated product is directly used for fertilization.