Polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device and construction process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device and a construction process thereof, and belongs to the field of bridge structures, gaps of an original expansion joint structure are filled with filler, and the filler and the organic cementing material are used for bonding and fixing, so that concrete is convenient, the blank of the original gaps is filled, and the stability of the structure is ensured; a polyurethane elastomer is laid on the upper portion of the whole structure, a spring box-steel plate device is arranged, and the requirement for large-size deformation of the bridge expansion joint can be met. The cross-joint steel plate is arranged in the middle of the structure to resist pressure, and the defects that a traditional expansion joint structure is insufficient in structural rigidity, insufficient in anchoring component strength and prone to damage to different degrees in the operation process can be overcome, so that the strength of a bridge structure with a large span is improved, and the service life of the bridge structure is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bridge structures, in particular to a polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In order to prevent the large-span bridge structure from cracking or being damaged due to climate temperature changes (thermal expansion and contraction), construction expansion joints are set at appropriate locations along the construction joint direction of the building or structure. Expansion joints are widely used in concrete structures with large plane dimensions. Expansion joints can alleviate the thermal expansion and contraction of buildings, reduce the impact of earthquakes, separate different structural parts, and prevent cracks in buildings for drainage and waterproofing.

[0003] However, existing expansion joint devices have many problems: the expansion joint device itself has insufficient structural rigidity, the anchored components have insufficient strength, and different degrees of damage occur during operation. In addition, the expansion joint device is prone to noise pollution when vehicles pass through, affecting driving comfort. Currently, the commonly used bridge expansion joints are modular expansion joints and comb-type plate expansion joints. Among them, the disadvantages of modular expansion joints are that the exposed open joints will produce severe impact and vibration when complex heavy-loaded vehicles pass through, causing the rubber sealing belt to easily fall off and age. The steel beams and elastic support elements in the modular expansion device are very easy to damage, with a short service life and time-consuming and labor-intensive maintenance. When complex heavy-loaded vehicles pass through, the hollow expansion joints are very easy to deform and vibrate, generating noise. The disadvantages of comb-type plate expansion joints are that the comb teeth are easy to break and warp; the anchor bolts are easy to loosen, which can easily cause the tooth plate to loosen and pose certain safety hazards; debris is easy to accumulate between the comb teeth, making daily cleaning difficult; the bolts and stainless steel pads require high daily maintenance frequency, which is difficult to maintain; there are tooth-shaped gaps, and the passage of complex and heavy-loaded vehicles will also produce severe impact vibrations, causing serious damage to the various components of the comb-type plate expansion device; when complex and heavy-loaded vehicles pass, the tooth plates are very likely to rub against each other and produce noise. In addition, the construction and renovation of expansion joints affect the passage of vehicles, bringing a series of traffic problems.

[0004] The problems with the expansion joints themselves affect the strength and stability of bridge structures with larger spans, and have a significant impact on the service life of concrete structures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion joint device and method to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional expansion joint devices, such as insufficient structural rigidity of the expansion joint device itself, insufficient strength of the anchored components, varying degrees of damage during operation due to excessive strain of the expansion joint exceeding the bearing capacity of conventional materials, and noise pollution easily generated when vehicles pass through the expansion joint device, affecting driving comfort and affecting vehicle traffic during the construction and renovation of the expansion joint. The above-mentioned problems are solved by increasing the strength and service life of bridge structures with larger spans.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is:

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present invention, a polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device is proposed, comprising: a polyurethane elastomer, a first filler, a second filler, a concrete casting and a spring box-steel plate device; the first filler is filled in the original expansion joint position of the bridge structure, and is bonded and fixed to the main beams on both sides of the expansion joint by an organic bonding material; the number of the spring box-steel plate devices is at least two, and at least two spring box-steel plate devices are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the bridge, and the spring box-steel plate device includes a cross-seam steel plate, a spring and a spring box, the spring box is a box body with a rectangular hollow structure, one side is an open surface, and the other sides are closed surfaces, wherein the open surface has an opening for the cross-seam steel plate to penetrate, and a spring is arranged on each closed surface of the spring box; one end of each spring is welded to its corresponding closed surface, and the other end is a free end; the cross-seam steel plate The plate span is arranged on the original expansion joint of the bridge structure, one end of the span steel plate penetrates into the interior of the spring box and freely contacts with the free ends of all the springs, and at the same time, a second filler is filled between the span steel plate and the opening side of the spring box and fixed with an organic bonding material; concrete is poured around the original expansion joint of the bridge structure to form a concrete casting body, the bottom surface of the span steel plate is flush with the top surface of the concrete casting body, and the span steel plate and the spring box are respectively cast together with the concrete casting body; the polyurethane elastomer is laid above the concrete casting body and the spring box-steel plate device, and between adjacent spring box-steel plate devices to form a polyurethane elastomer buffer layer, the top surface of the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is flush with the top surface of the bridge deck pavement layer, and the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is respectively connected to the bridge deck pavement layer, the concrete casting body and the spring box through bolt anchoring.

[0008] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first filler and the second filler are made of PMI foam.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the concrete casting body is cast by using USC120 high-strength dense concrete.

[0010] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the organic bonding material is phenolic resin, epoxy resin or substrate-free AB glue.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a construction process for a polyurethane elastomer seamless telescopic device is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Place the first filler at the original expansion joint of the bridge structure according to the drawing requirements, and initially bond and fix it to the main beams on both sides of the expansion joint through organic bonding materials;

[0013] Step 2: Assemble the cross-seam steel plate, spring and spring box according to the requirements of the drawing, and all the springs welded in the cross-seam steel plate and the spring box are in free contact; place the second filler on the assembled structure and bond it with an organic bonding material. After bonding and fixing, place the entire device to the position shown in the drawing;

[0014] Step 3: Pour concrete according to the reserved groove of the old expansion joint and the requirements of the drawing. During the pouring process, place bolts on the upper part of the concrete to make it a whole for the connection of concrete and polyurethane elastomer in the subsequent steps. During the pouring process, the position of the spring box and the cross-joint steel plate is initially fixed due to the adhesion of the concrete;

[0015] Step 4: Place bolts on the bridge deck pavement layer according to the drawing requirements for the subsequent connection between the bridge deck pavement layer and the polyurethane elastomer;

[0016] Step 5: According to the drawings and the actual size of the bridge deck pavement, cast the polyurethane elastomer. In addition to its own adhesion, the polyurethane elastomer is also anchored to the concrete casting, the bridge deck pavement and the spring box through bolts, thus completing the construction of the polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device.

[0017] Through the above-mentioned design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device and its construction process, thereby increasing the strength and service life of bridge structures with larger spans.

[0018] The specific advantages are as follows:

[0019] First, the present invention fills the gap in the original expansion joint structure with PMI foam and fixes it with an organic binder, which facilitates the pouring of USC120 high-strength dense concrete while filling the blank of the original gap and ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention lays a polyurethane elastomer on the top of the overall structure and sets a spring box-steel plate device, which can meet the larger deformation of the expansion joint of the bridge.

[0021] Third, polyurethane elastomers have better elasticity to cope with the deformation of bridge structures caused by external forces, and can make up for the problems of traditional expansion joint structures being easily damaged and having a short service life that affect concrete structures.

[0022] Fourthly, the device of the present invention has a simple structure and the telescopic structure composed of the spring box-steel plate device used is composed of multiple identical combinations arranged in parallel, which is easy to lay and flexibly combine, while ensuring high structural strength and good stability, and increasing the service life of the device.

[0023] Fifth, the device of the present invention can avoid large friction between the various components of the expansion joint structure, reduce noise pollution, and increase the driving comfort when vehicles pass through the bridge structure with a large span.

[0024] Sixth, during the construction process of the present invention, spring box-steel plate devices of different numbers and widths can be selected for construction according to specific project conditions. During the construction and renovation of the same expansion joint structure, a predetermined width can be selected for construction. When the constructed and renovated bridge deck can be put into normal use, the construction steps are repeated to construct and renovate the unconstructed bridge deck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The accompanying drawings herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to understand the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the polyurethane elastomer seamless telescopic device proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional view of a spring box-steel plate device;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a top view of the cross-sectional view of the polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device proposed by the present invention when it is actually used.

[0029] The markings in the attached figure are as follows: 1-polyurethane elastomer; 2-span steel plate; 3a-first filler; 3b-second filler; 4-bolt; 5-concrete casting; 6-spring; 7-spring box; A-bridge deck pavement layer; B-main beam concrete; C-edge line of old expansion joint reserved groove; D-center line of expansion joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation. In order to avoid confusing the essence of the present invention, known methods, processes, processes and components are not described in detail. It should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and the features defined as "first" and "second" do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 3The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device provided by the present invention includes a polyurethane elastomer 1, a cross-seam steel plate 2, a first filler 3a, a second filler 3b, a bolt 4, a concrete casting body 5, a spring 6 and a spring box 7. The CAS number of the polyurethane elastomer 1 is 9009-54-5, the molecular formula is C3H8N2O, and the molecular weight is 88.1084. The first filler 3a and the second filler 3b are both PMI foams. The concrete casting body 5 is cast with USC120 high-strength dense concrete. The present invention replaces the material around the expansion joint structure with USC120 high-strength dense concrete, which can make up for the shortcomings of insufficient concrete strength in the anchoring area of ​​the traditional expansion joint and causing different degrees of damage during operation.

[0032] The polyurethane elastomer 1, the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the concrete casting 5 are mainly used as the load-bearing and force-transmitting devices. The polyurethane elastomer 1, the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the concrete casting 5 are used to bear the load and transmit the force to the main beam. By utilizing the performance of the polyurethane elastomer 1 and the spring 6 that is easy to expand and contract, the expansion and contraction and structural deformation caused by climate temperature changes and loads of the bridge structure with a large span are met. Among them, the polyurethane elastomer 1 is laid on the concrete casting 5 and the spring box-steel plate device, and the polyurethane elastomer 1 is also laid between adjacent spring box-steel plate devices, thereby forming a polyurethane elastomer buffer layer. The top surface of the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is flush with the top surface of the bridge deck pavement layer A, and the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is respectively anchored and connected to the bridge deck pavement layer A, the concrete casting 5 and the spring box 7 through bolts 4. One end of the cross-seam steel plate 2 enters the spring box 7 and freely contacts the tops of all the springs 6 in the spring box 7. The second filler 3b is filled between the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the open side of the spring box 7 and is bonded and fixed with an organic bonding material, such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin, or substrate-free AB glue. The cross-seam steel plate 2, the spring box 7, the spring 6, and the second filler 3b together form a spring box-steel plate device. The second filler 3b is filled at the sealing portion of the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the spring box 7 and below the cross-seam steel plate 2. When the cross-seam steel plate 2 is subjected to force and moves downward, the second filler 2 can produce elastic deformation without affecting the normal displacement of the cross-seam steel plate 2. In addition, the elastic body 3b also has the function of assisting the connection between the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the spring box 7, and preventing the polyurethane elastomer 1 from entering the spring box 7 when the polyurethane elastomer 1 is cast. The cross-seam steel plate 2 is arranged above the concrete casting 5 and the first filler 3a and below the polyurethane elastomer 1, and is anchored and connected to the polyurethane elastomer 1 through the bolt 4. The cross-seam steel plate 2 bears the vertical pressure of the load transmitted through the polyurethane elastomer 1, avoids excessive vertical deformation of the polyurethane elastomer 1, and is the main force transmission structure, transmitting the force to the concrete casting 5 and finally to the main beam. In addition, the spring box 7 is a box with a rectangular hollow structure, one side is an open surface, and the other sides are closed surfaces. The spring 6 is arranged inside the spring box 7. The front, rear, upper, lower and non-opening side of the spring box 7 are welded with springs 6. One end of each spring 6 is welded to the spring box 7, and the other end is a free end. After the cross-seam steel plate 2 enters the spring box 7, it freely contacts with the free ends of all springs 6. The spring box-steel plate device composed of the spring box 7, the spring 6, the cross-seam steel plate 2 and the second filler 3b is cast and connected to the polyurethane elastomer 1 and anchored by bolts 4. The spring box-steel plate device is cast and connected to the concrete casting 5. The cross-seam steel plate 2 in the spring box-steel plate device is bonded to the first filler 3a by organic bonding materials, such as phenolic, epoxy resin, and substrate-free AB glue. In the figure, C represents the edge line of the reserved groove of the old expansion joint, which is used to position the pouring of the concrete casting body 5; D represents the center line of the expansion joint, which is used for positioning when placing the first filler 3a.

[0033] The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device provided by the present invention can be used to improve the expansion joint structure of a bridge structure with a larger span, so that the expansion joint structure has better tensile and compressive resistance, can withstand greater strain, better serve the bridge structure, ensure the stability of the bridge structure, and at the same time increase the durability of the expansion joint structure, increase the structural life, and at the same time reduce noise pollution and increase driving comfort when vehicles pass through the bridge structure with a larger span.

[0034] The specific construction process is as follows:

[0035] Step 1: Place the first filler 3a at the original expansion joint position according to the drawing requirements, and use organic bonding materials such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin, and substrate-free AB glue to preliminarily bond and fix the first filler 3a to the main beam B on both sides of the expansion joint.

[0036] Step 2: Assemble the cross-seam steel plate 2, spring 6, and spring box 7 (the bolt 4 has been welded in advance) according to the requirements of the drawing. The cross-seam steel plate 2 and the spring 6 welded in the spring box 7 are in contact but the spring 6 is not deformed; place the second filler 3b on the assembled structure as shown in Figure 1 and bond it with an organic bonding material such as phenolic, epoxy resin, or non-base material AB glue. After bonding and fixing, place the entire device in the position shown in the drawing.

[0037] Step 3: According to the reserved groove of the old expansion joint and the requirements of the drawings, pour USC120 high-strength dense concrete, and during the pouring process, place bolts 4 on the upper part of the USC120 high-strength dense concrete to make it a whole for the connection of the USC120 high-strength dense concrete and the polyurethane elastomer 1 in the subsequent steps. During the pouring process, due to the adhesion of the USC120 high-strength dense concrete, the positions of the spring box 7 and the cross-seam steel plate 2 are initially fixed.

[0038] Step 4: Place bolts 4 on the bridge deck pavement layer A according to the drawing requirements to facilitate the subsequent connection between the bridge deck pavement layer A and the polyurethane elastomer 1.

[0039] Step 5: According to the drawings and the actual size of the bridge deck pavement layer A, the polyurethane elastomer 1 is cast. In addition to its own adhesiveness, the polyurethane elastomer 1 is also anchored and connected with the USC120 high-strength dense concrete, the bridge deck pavement layer A, and the spring box 7 through the bolts 4. The cross-seam steel plate 2, the spring box 7, the spring 6, and the second filler 3b together form a spring box-steel plate device, which is connected through the bolts 4 and the adhesiveness of the polyurethane elastomer 1 itself.

[0040] Step 6: According to the specific project conditions, spring box-steel plate devices of different numbers and widths can be selected for construction (the construction steps are as above). During the construction and renovation of the same expansion joint structure, a predetermined width can be selected for construction. When the constructed and renovated bridge deck can be put into use normally, repeat the above steps to construct and renovate the unconstructed bridge deck.

[0041] In the present invention, the bolt 4 is used to connect the polyurethane elastomer 1 and the USC120 high-strength dense concrete 5, the bridge deck pavement layer A, and the spring box 7. The anchoring connection of the various parts is carried out with the aid of the adhesiveness of the material itself, so that the entire device is tightly connected to form a whole.

[0042] In the present invention, the first filler 3a and the second filler 3b in the expansion joint structure are used to control and constrain the pouring of the polyurethane elastomer 1 and the USC120 high-strength dense concrete. The first filler 3a and the second filler 3b are placed and fixed before the pouring of the polyurethane elastomer 1 and the USC120 high-strength dense concrete. During the pouring, the pouring range of the polyurethane elastomer 1 and the USC120 high-strength dense concrete can be limited and determined.

[0043] In the present invention, the deformation displacement of the expansion joint structure due to stress, temperature change, etc. can be reflected by the expansion and contraction characteristics of the polyurethane elastomer 1, the first filler 3a, the second filler 3b and the spring 6. This avoids direct damage to the expansion joint structure due to the deformation displacement, increases the durability of the expansion joint structure, and increases the service life of the bridge structure.

[0044] In the present invention, the force of the expansion joint structure is transmitted to the cross beam steel plate 2 through the polyurethane elastomer 1, and then transmitted to the concrete casting body 5 by the cross beam steel plate 2, and finally transmitted to the main beam, so as to have a complete and smooth force transmission system.

[0045] The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device proposed in the present invention replaces and reconstructs the expansion joints of the bridge structure, which has a positive impact on the strength and service life of the bridge structure, the comfort of vehicles passing through, and the reduction of noise pollution. It can also alleviate traffic problems such as those affecting vehicle passage during construction and reconstruction.

Claims

1. A polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device, characterized in that: include: A polyurethane elastomer (1), a first filler (3a), a second filler (3b), a concrete casting (5) and a spring box-steel plate device; The first filler (3a) is filled in the original expansion joint position of the bridge structure and is bonded and fixed to the main beams (B) on both sides of the expansion joint by an organic adhesive material; the number of the spring box-steel plate devices is at least two, and at least two spring box-steel plate devices are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the bridge; the spring box-steel plate device comprises a spanning steel plate (2), a spring (6) and a spring box (7); the spring box (7) is a box body with a rectangular hollow structure, one side is an open surface, and the other sides are closed surfaces, wherein the open surface has an opening for the spanning steel plate (2) to penetrate, and a spring (6) is arranged on each closed surface of the spring box (7); one end of each spring (6) is welded to its corresponding closed surface, and the other end is a free end; the spanning steel plate (2) is straddled on the original expansion joint of the bridge structure, one end of the spanning steel plate (2) penetrates into the spring box (7) and is connected to the free ends of all the springs (6) The ends are in free contact, and a second filler (3b) is filled between the span steel plate (2) and the open side of the spring box (7) and fixed with an organic bonding material; concrete is poured around the original expansion joint of the bridge structure to form a concrete casting body (5), the bottom surface of the span steel plate (2) is flush with the top surface of the concrete casting body (5), and the span steel plate (2) and the spring box (7) are respectively poured together with the concrete casting body (5); the polyurethane elastomer (1) is laid on the concrete casting body (5) and the spring box-steel plate device, and is laid between adjacent spring box-steel plate devices to form a polyurethane elastomer buffer layer, the top surface of the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is flush with the top surface of the bridge deck pavement layer (A), and the polyurethane elastomer buffer layer is respectively anchored and connected to the bridge deck pavement layer (A), the concrete casting body (5) and the spring box (7) through bolts (4).

2. The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filler (3a) and the second filler (3b) are made of PMI foam.

3. The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete casting body (5) is cast using USC120 high-strength dense concrete.

4. The polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic bonding material is phenolic resin, epoxy resin or substrate-free AB glue.

5. A construction process for constructing the polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: placing a first filler (3a) at the original expansion joint position of the bridge structure according to the drawing requirements, and preliminarily bonding and fixing it to the main beams (B) on both sides of the expansion joint through an organic bonding material; Step 2: Assemble the cross-seam steel plate (2), spring (6) and spring box (7) according to the requirements of the drawing, and all the springs (6) welded in the cross-seam steel plate (2) and the spring box (7) are in free contact; place the second filler (3b) on the assembled structure and bond it with an organic bonding material. After the bonding and fixing is completed, place the entire device to the position shown in the drawing; Step 3: pour concrete according to the reserved groove of the old expansion joint and the requirements of the drawing, and during the pouring process, place bolts (4) on the upper part of the concrete to make it a whole for connecting the concrete and the polyurethane elastomer (1) in the subsequent steps. During the pouring process, the positions of the spring box (7) and the cross-joint steel plate (2) are initially fixed due to the adhesiveness of the concrete; Step 4: placing bolts (4) on the bridge deck pavement layer (A) according to the requirements of the drawings, for subsequent connection between the bridge deck pavement layer (A) and the polyurethane elastomer (1); Step 5: Cast the polyurethane elastomer (1) according to the drawings and the actual size of the bridge deck pavement layer (A). In addition to its own adhesiveness, the polyurethane elastomer (1) is also anchored and connected to the concrete casting (5), the bridge deck pavement layer (A) and the spring box (7) through bolts (4), thus completing the construction of the polyurethane elastomer seamless expansion device.

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