Analog oil and gas accumulation experiment device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an analog oil and gas accumulation experiment device and method.The oil and gas accumulation experiment device comprises a plurality of test boxes and a sleeve, the test boxes are slidably installed on the side wall of the sleeve, and the test boxes communicate with one another; a first simulation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of each test box; the first simulation mechanism comprises an air cylinder, the air cylinder is in transmission connection with the test box, and the air cylinder is fixedly installed on a bottom plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve. The device can simulate oil and gas storage and migration conditions in different geological environments, obviously utilizes a plurality of test boxes which are communicated with one another, and can realize simulation of geological changes such as faults occurring again or many times on the geological basis through the action of the first simulation mechanism, namely, simulation of closed conditions of bending deformation of a cover layer, so that the test efficiency is improved. The problem that an existing oil and gas accumulation experiment device is incomplete in simulation condition is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas accumulation, and in particular relates to a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the formation of oil and gas accumulation, there are three main conditions for the formation of the trap: reservoir, cap rock, and barrier. The reservoir plays the role of storing oil and gas, the cap rock can prevent oil and gas from escaping upward, and the barrier is an important condition for oil and gas sealing. Among them, the sealing conditions are: bending and deformation of the cap rock itself, closed faults, impermeable unconformity surfaces, and lithologic spatial changes. Setting different test boxes at different heights can simulate the bending and deformation environment of the cap rock itself; placing closed faults in the test box can simulate the closed fault environment; placing impermeable unconformity surfaces in the test box can simulate the impermeable unconformity environment; filling different test boxes with different media, some filled with sandstone, and some filled with mudstone, can simulate the lithologic spatial change environment. The above-mentioned sealing conditions play a key role in the restoration of the oil and gas accumulation process determined by the trap geological environment simulation experiment.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with the publication number CN204571980U discloses an oil and gas reservoir simulation experimental device, which greatly improves the diversity of the simulated environment by simulating different geological environments inside independent chambers, and quickly transfers oil and gas in different environments through transmission pipes, and can also simulate the technical solution of the transport layer to migrate oil and gas. It can be seen that the patent realizes the simulation of the lithological space change environment, but cannot realize the simulation of the bending, deformation and closure conditions of the cap layer itself. In addition, the patent has only 3 test boxes, and the simulation of complex geological environments is relatively limited. For example, the utility model patent with the publication number CN206290255U discloses an oil and gas reservoir simulation experimental device. The first simulated oil tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and a pump, which can realize detailed experiments on the variable of oil output, but still cannot realize the simulation of the bending, deformation and closure conditions of the cap layer itself. In addition, the patent has only 2 simulated oil tanks and 1 simulated gas tank, and it is difficult to simulate more complex geological environments.

[0004] Based on this, the invention provides a simulated oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device and method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method, which solves the problem that the existing oil and gas accumulation experimental device can not simulate all conditions.

[0006] One object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device comprises a plurality of test boxes and casings, wherein the plurality of test boxes are slidably mounted on the side wall of the casing, and the plurality of test boxes are interconnected;

[0008] The bottoms of several of the test boxes are provided with a first simulation mechanism;

[0009] The first simulation mechanism comprises a cylinder, which is transmission-connected to the test box and fixedly mounted on a bottom plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a second simulation mechanism;

[0011] The second simulation mechanism includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder, a friction ball is fixedly provided at the middle position of the end surface of the support plate away from the cylinder, and a ball groove is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the test box, and the ball groove is slidably matched with the friction ball.

[0012] Furthermore, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the end surface of the support plate close to the cylinder, and one end of the telescopic rod away from the support plate is fixed to the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a support column is provided in the casing, and the support column is threadedly connected to the casing.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of adjacent test boxes are interconnected via a pipeline assembly;

[0015] The pipeline assembly comprises a connecting pipe, which is relatively arranged on two side walls of the test box, and two adjacent connecting pipes are connected in sequence through a connecting hose and a bellows.

[0016] Furthermore, a telescopic support sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the corrugated tube.

[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of the test boxes are slidably connected to the sleeve via a sliding mechanism;

[0018] The sliding mechanism comprises a sliding plate, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the test box close to the sleeve. A guide rail is vertically provided in the area of ​​the test box close to the sliding plate. The sliding plate is equipped with a slide rail, and the slide rail is slidably matched with the guide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a supply mechanism;

[0020] The supply structure includes an oil storage tank and an air storage tank, the oil storage tank is connected to an oil pump, the air storage tank is connected to an air pump, the oil storage tank and the air storage tank are both connected to the test box, and the oil storage tank, the oil pump, the air storage tank and the air pump are all installed on a bottom plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device is characterized in that it also includes a control mechanism;

[0022] The control mechanism comprises a control panel, the control panel is connected with the cylinder signal, and the control panel is mounted on the base plate.

[0023] Another object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0024] A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method, comprising:

[0025] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes on the side wall of the casing and connecting the plurality of test boxes;

[0026] The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes are connected to the cylinders by transmission, and then the cylinders are fixedly mounted on the bottom plates fixedly connected to the side walls of the casing to complete the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0027] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes, and different test boxes are controlled at different heights by cylinders, and oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes to conduct simulation experiments, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone and interlayers of sandstone and mudstone.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The present invention provides a simulated oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device and method, which can simulate the oil and gas storage and migration conditions under different geological environments. Remarkably, a plurality of test boxes are used and interconnected. Through the action of the first simulation mechanism, the simulation of geological changes such as faults occurring again or multiple times on the geological basis can be achieved, that is, the simulation of the closed conditions of the bending and deformation of the cap layer itself can be achieved.

[0030] Moreover, on the basis of the first simulation mechanism, through the action of the second simulation mechanism, different test boxes can be tilted in different directions or at different angles, enriching the complexity of the bending deformation simulation conditions, making the simulation scenes of the closed conditions of the bending deformation of the cover layer itself more complex and diversified;

[0031] Secondly, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method provided by the present invention realizes the mutual connection of the test boxes through the bellows, thereby ensuring good connectivity between different test boxes during the simulation process of the fault scenario simulation that occurs again or multiple times by the first simulation mechanism and the simulation process of the more complex geological change scenario (with bending deformation in angle and direction) by the first simulation mechanism and the second simulation mechanism, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the complex geological change simulation test;

[0032] On the basis of the bellows, the invention further utilizes a telescopic support sleeve to prevent oil accumulation in the bellows, further improving the reliability of the simulation test of complicated geological changes;

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention can change the orientation of different test boxes by rotating the casing, which is more conducive to the observation of the simulation test and improves the observability of the oil and gas accumulation process in the geological change simulation test;

[0034] Finally, the orientation of the control panel provided in the present invention is not affected by the rotation of the sleeve, and the orientation can be flexibly controlled, which is convenient for operation and observation;

[0035] And the present invention can realize the following oil and gas migration simulation test:

[0036] Fill all the test boxes with the same sandstone. Set different test boxes at different heights. Supply oil to the test boxes through an oil pump to control the oil rate. As the oil supply increases, the path of oil migration and accumulation can be observed.

[0037] Different test chambers are filled with different media, such as sandstone, mudstone, and interlayers of sandstone and mudstone, or faults are set in some test chambers. Different test chambers are set at different heights, and oil is supplied to the test chambers through oil pumps to observe the path of oil migration and accumulation.

[0038] Different test boxes are filled with the same or different media, and a certain amount of water is added to the test box. Oil is supplied to the test box through an oil pump to observe the path of oil migration and accumulation in the presence of water.

[0039] In order to observe the migration and accumulation of gas, the gas in the gas storage tank is adjusted to red, and the test box is adjusted to different heights. The red gas is injected into the test box to verify whether the gas migrates to the test box at the highest position.

[0040] In summary, the oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device provided by the present invention can realize the simulation of oil and gas reservoir formation such as conventional oil and gas reservoirs, low-saturation oil and gas reservoirs, tight oil and gas reservoirs, and shale oil and gas reservoirs.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a simulated oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 2 A simulation type oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle A area;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a bellows region of a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the friction ball region structure of a simulated oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] In the figure:

[0048] 101. Support plate; 102. Support column; 103. Sleeve; 104. Bottom plate; 201. Test box; 202. Glass front cover; 203. Cylinder mounting plate; 204. Cylinder; 205. Telescopic rod; 206. Support plate; 207. Friction ball; 208. Ball groove; 301. Oil storage tank; 302. Oil pump; 303. Air storage tank; 304. Air pump; 401. Guide rail; 402. Sliding plate; 501. Rotating ring; 502. Control panel; 601. Connecting pipe; 602. Connecting hose; 603. Bellows; 604. Telescopic support sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of test boxes 201 and a casing 103, wherein the plurality of test boxes 201 are slidably mounted on the side wall of the casing 103, and the plurality of test boxes 201 are interconnected to realize the connection of oil and gas;

[0051] In this embodiment, the sleeve 103 is set to be circular. This embodiment only exemplarily provides the shape of the sleeve 103. The shape of the sleeve 103 can also be square or irregular.

[0052] The bottom end of the outer wall of the sleeve 103 is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 104. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 104 is annular. This embodiment only exemplifies the shape of the bottom plate 104. The shape of the bottom plate 104 matches the shape of the sleeve 103.

[0053] The bottom of the plurality of test boxes 201 is provided with a first simulation mechanism, the first simulation mechanism comprising a cylinder 204, the cylinder 204 is transmission-connected to the test box 201, and the mounting end of the cylinder 204 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 104;

[0054] In this embodiment, the mounting end of the cylinder 204 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 104 through the cylinder mounting plate 203, and the cylinder mounting plate 203 is fixedly connected to the base plate 104. This embodiment only exemplarily provides a solution for fixing the cylinder 204 to the base plate 104, and the cylinder 204 can also be directly fixedly mounted on the base plate 104;

[0055] The cylinder 204 can drive the test box 201 to move up and down, so that the same or different geological environments can be set in different test boxes 201, and the adjacent test boxes 201 can be lifted to different heights, which can effectively simulate the influence of complex changes in geological environment on oil and gas transportation capacity and storage, such as adjusting the height of the test box 201 to achieve structural fluctuation simulation (i.e., simulation of the closed conditions of the bending and deformation of the cap rock itself); simulation of fault geological changes that occur again or multiple times; simulation of the influence of the effective thickness, porosity, permeability, location and type of the closure on oil and gas storage of the reservoir; and simulation of multiple reservoir formation periods, etc. ；

[0056] In this embodiment, a glass front cover plate 202 is installed at the side end of the test box 201 opposite to the side wall of the casing 103, so as to facilitate filling different geological simulation media (such as sandstone, mudstone, sand and mud) in the test box 201.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, in certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to enrich the simulation setting conditions of the sealing conditions of the bending and deformation of the cap rock itself, the simulation type oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a second simulation mechanism;

[0058] The second simulation mechanism includes a support plate 206, the support plate 206 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 204, a friction ball 207 is fixedly provided at the middle position of the end surface of the support plate 206 away from the cylinder 204, and a ball groove 208 is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the test box 201, and the ball groove 208 is slidably matched with the friction ball 207;

[0059] The tilt direction and tilt angle of the test box 201 are adjusted by the rotation effect between the friction ball 207 and the ball groove 208, and the static positioning of the test box 201 after tilting is achieved by the friction force between the friction ball 207 and the ball groove 208.

[0060] In certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the stability of the support plate 206 during the lifting process, the end face of the support plate 206 close to the cylinder 204 is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod 205, and the end of the telescopic rod 205 away from the support plate 206 is fixed to the base plate 104 with the mounting plate of the cylinder 204. This embodiment only provides an exemplary method for fixing and installing the telescopic rod 205 and the base plate 104, and the telescopic rod 205 can also be directly installed on the base plate 104.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, in order to ensure the communication between the plurality of test boxes 201 during the process of the test box 201 moving up and down, the plurality of adjacent test boxes 201 are connected to each other through a pipeline assembly;

[0062] The pipeline assembly includes a connecting pipe 601, which is relatively arranged on the two side walls of the test box 201, and two adjacent connecting pipes 601 are connected in sequence through a connecting hose 602 and a bellows 603;

[0063] When the positional relationship between the adjacent test boxes 201 is changed up and down or tilted, the bellows 603 can be stretched and deformed, thereby ensuring that the interiors of the adjacent test boxes 201 remain connected.

[0064] like Figure 3As shown, in certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to prevent oil accumulation in the bellows 603, a telescopic support sleeve 604 is sleeved on the outside of the bellows 603, and the two ends of the telescopic support sleeve 604 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the two ends of the connecting hose 602. The telescopic support sleeve 604 supports the bellows 603, so that the simulation of oil and gas migration is unobstructed, and the bellows 603 is prevented from bending due to gravity when transporting oil in the bellows 603, which makes it easy for oil to accumulate at the lowest point of the bend, and the occurrence of oil and gas flow problems between adjacent test boxes 201 due to oil accumulation is avoided.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of the test boxes 201 are slidably connected to the sleeve 103 via a sliding mechanism;

[0066] The sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate 402, and the sliding plate 402 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the test box 201 close to the sleeve 103. The test box 201 is vertically provided with a guide rail 401 near the sliding plate 402. A slide rail is installed on the sliding plate 402, and the slide rail is slidably matched with the guide rail 401. The sliding plate 402 utilizes the cooperation between the guide rail 401 and the slide rail to realize the vertical lifting of the test box 201.

[0067] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device further comprises a supply mechanism;

[0068] The supply structure includes an oil tank 301 and an air tank 303. The oil tank 301 is connected to an oil pump 302, and the air tank 303 is connected to an air pump 304. The oil tank 301 and the air tank 303 are both connected to the test box 201. The oil tank 301 is used to supply oil to the test box 201, and the air tank 303 is used to supply air to the test box 201. The oil tank 301, the oil pump 302, the air tank 303 and the air pump 304 are all installed on the base plate 104.

[0069] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a support column 102 is provided in the sleeve 103, and a support plate 101 is provided at the bottom end of the support column 102. The support column 102 is threadedly connected to the sleeve 103. Rotating the sleeve 103 can change the orientation of the test box 201. Continuously rotating the sleeve 103 can significantly change the height of the test box 201, which is convenient for observation and operation.

[0070] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device further comprises a control mechanism;

[0071] The control mechanism includes a control panel 502, and the control panel 502 is respectively connected to the oil pump 302, the air pump 304, and the cylinder 204 by signals, so as to realize the intelligent control of the oil supply rate of the oil pump 302 and the air supply rate of the air pump 304, and realize the intelligent control of the cylinder 204. The control panel 502 is installed on the base plate 104 through a rotating ring 501, and the rotating ring 501 is slidably connected to the base plate 104 through an annular slide rail groove. The control panel 502 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating ring 501, and the rotating ring 501 can rotate horizontally on the outer circle of the base plate 104, thereby facilitating the movement of the control panel 502, facilitating the operation of the control panel 502 by the experimenter, and improving the intelligence level of the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device.

[0072] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method is provided, comprising:

[0073] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes 201 on the side wall of the sleeve 103 and connecting the plurality of test boxes 201;

[0074] The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes 201 are connected to the cylinder 204 by transmission, and then the cylinder 204 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 104 fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve 103, thereby completing the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0075] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes 201, and different test boxes 201 are controlled at different heights by cylinders 204. Oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes 201 to conduct simulation experiments and observe the path of oil migration and accumulation, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone and interlayers of sandstone and mudstone.

[0076] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method is provided, comprising:

[0077] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes 201 on the side wall of the sleeve 103; and connecting the plurality of test boxes 201;

[0078] The bottoms of the test boxes 201 are all connected to the cylinder 204 through the support plate 206, and then the cylinder 204 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 104 fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve 103, so as to complete the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0079] A friction ball 207 is fixedly installed on the support plate 206 at the middle position of the end surface of the cylinder 204, a ball groove 208 is provided at the middle position of the bottom of the test box 201, and the ball groove 208 and the friction ball 207 are slidably matched to complete the installation of the second simulation structure;

[0080] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes 201, and different test boxes 201 are controlled at different heights by a cylinder 204. The different tilt directions and tilt angles of the test boxes 201 are controlled by sliding between a friction ball 207 and a ball groove 208, and oil and / or gas are added into the test box 201 to conduct a simulation experiment, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone, and interlayers of sandstone and mudstone.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device, comprising a plurality of test boxes (201) and casings (103), characterized in that: The plurality of test boxes (201) are all slidably mounted on the side wall of the sleeve (103), and the plurality of test boxes (201) are interconnected; The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes (201) are each provided with a first simulation mechanism; The first simulation mechanism comprises a cylinder (204), the cylinder (204) is drivingly connected to the test box (201), and the cylinder (204) is fixedly mounted on a bottom plate (104) fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve (103).

2. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second simulation mechanism; The second simulation mechanism comprises a support plate (206), the support plate (206) being fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (204), a friction ball (207) being fixedly provided at the middle position of the end surface of the support plate (206) away from the cylinder (204), a ball groove (208) being provided at the middle position of the bottom of the test box (201), and the ball groove (208) being in sliding cooperation with the friction ball (207).

3. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end surface of the support plate (206) close to the cylinder (204) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (205), and one end of the telescopic rod (205) away from the support plate (206) is fixed on the bottom plate (104).

4. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (102) is arranged inside the sleeve (103), and the support column (102) is threadedly connected to the sleeve (103).

5. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of adjacent test boxes (201) are connected to each other via a pipeline assembly; The pipeline assembly comprises a connecting pipe (601), the connecting pipe (601) being arranged on two side walls of the test box (201) opposite to each other, and two adjacent connecting pipes (601) being connected in sequence through a connecting hose (602) and a bellows (603).

6. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A telescopic support sleeve (604) is sleeved on the outer side of the bellows (603).

7. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the test boxes (201) are slidably connected to the sleeve (103) via a sliding mechanism; The sliding mechanism comprises a sliding plate (402), wherein the sliding plate (402) is fixedly mounted on a side wall of the test box (201) close to the sleeve (103), a guide rail (401) is vertically provided in a region of the test box (201) close to the sliding plate (402), a sliding rail is mounted on the sliding plate (402), and the sliding rail is slidably matched with the guide rail (401).

8. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes supply agencies; The supply structure comprises an oil storage tank (301) and an air storage tank (303); the oil storage tank (301) is connected to an oil pump (302); the air storage tank (303) is connected to an air pump (304); the oil storage tank (301) and the air storage tank (303) are both connected to the test box (201); the oil storage tank (301), the oil pump (302), the air storage tank (303) and the air pump (304) are all installed on a bottom plate (104).

9. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes control agencies; The control mechanism comprises a control panel (502), the control panel (502) is connected to the cylinder (204) by signal, and the control panel (502) is installed on the base plate (104).

10. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method, characterized in that: include: A plurality of test boxes (201) are slidably mounted on the side wall of the sleeve (103), and the plurality of test boxes (201) are connected; The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes (201) are connected to the cylinder (204) by driving, and then the cylinder (204) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (104) fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve (103), thereby completing the installation of the first simulation mechanism; A geological simulation medium is filled into a plurality of test boxes (201), and different test boxes (201) are controlled at different heights by a cylinder (204), and oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes (201) to perform a simulation experiment, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone, and interlayers of sandstone and mudstone.

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