A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method, wherein the oil and gas accumulation experimental device includes a plurality of test boxes and casings, wherein the plurality of test boxes are slidably mounted on the side walls of the casings and are interconnected; the bottoms of the plurality of test boxes are each provided with a first simulation mechanism; the first simulation mechanism includes a cylinder, which is transmission-connected to the test box and fixedly mounted on a bottom plate fixedly connected to the side walls of the casings. The present invention can simulate oil and gas storage and migration conditions under different geological environments, and notably utilizes a plurality of test boxes that are interconnected. Through the action of the first simulation mechanism, it can simulate geological changes such as faults that have occurred again or multiple times on the geological basis, that is, simulate the closed conditions of the bending and deformation of the caprock itself, thereby solving the problem of incomplete simulation conditions in existing oil and gas accumulation experimental devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas accumulation, and in particular relates to a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method. Background Art

[0002] In oil and gas accumulation, the three main conditions for trap formation are: reservoirs, caprocks, and obstructions. Reservoirs act as reservoirs for oil and gas, caprocks prevent upward escape of oil and gas, and obstructions are crucial for sealing oil and gas. Sealing conditions include bending and deformation of the caprock itself, closed faults, impermeable unconformities, and spatial variations in lithologic properties. Placing different test chambers at different heights can simulate the bending and deformation of the caprock itself; placing closed faults within the test chambers can simulate the closed fault environment; placing impermeable unconformities within the test chambers can simulate the impermeable unconformity environment; and filling different test chambers with different media, such as sandstone or mudstone, can simulate the spatial variations in lithologic properties. These sealing conditions play a key role in reconstructing the oil and gas accumulation process as determined by trap geological environment simulation experiments.

[0003] For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN204571980U discloses an experimental device for simulating oil and gas reservoir formation. This device greatly enhances the diversity of simulated environments by simulating different geological environments within independent chambers. Furthermore, it uses pipelines to quickly transfer oil and gas between different environments, and also simulates the technical solution of oil and gas migration by the conducting layer. It can be seen that this patent achieves the simulation of a spatially varying lithologic environment, but cannot simulate the bending, deformation, and closure conditions of the caprock itself. Furthermore, this patent only has three test chambers, making simulation of complex geological environments quite limited. For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN206290255U discloses an experimental device for simulating oil and gas reservoir formation. The first simulated oil tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor and a pump, which allows for detailed experiments on the variable of oil output. However, it still fails to simulate the bending, deformation, and closure conditions of the caprock itself. Furthermore, this patent only has two simulated oil tanks and one simulated gas tank, making it difficult to simulate more complex geological environments.

[0004] Based on this, the invention provides a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method, which solves the problem that the current oil and gas accumulation experimental device is unable to simulate all conditions.

[0006] One object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device comprises a plurality of test boxes and casings, wherein the test boxes are slidably mounted on the side walls of the casings and the test boxes are interconnected.

[0008] The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes are each provided with a first simulation mechanism;

[0009] The first simulation mechanism includes a cylinder, which is transmission-connected to the test box and fixedly mounted on a bottom plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a second simulation mechanism;

[0011] The second simulation mechanism includes a support plate, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder. A friction ball is fixedly provided at the middle position of the end surface of the support plate away from the cylinder. A ball groove is provided in the middle position of the bottom of the test box, and the ball groove is slidably matched with the friction ball.

[0012] Furthermore, the end surface of the supporting plate close to the cylinder is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod, and one end of the telescopic rod away from the supporting plate is fixed to the bottom plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a support column is provided in the sleeve, and the support column is threadedly connected to the sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of adjacent test boxes are connected to each other via a pipe assembly;

[0015] The pipeline assembly includes connecting pipes, which are relatively arranged on two side walls of the test box. Two adjacent connecting pipes are connected in sequence through a connecting hose and a bellows.

[0016] Furthermore, a telescopic support sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the bellows.

[0017] Furthermore, the plurality of test boxes are all slidably connected to the sleeve via a sliding mechanism;

[0018] The sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the test box close to the sleeve. A guide rail is vertically opened in the area of ​​the test box close to the sliding plate. The sliding plate is equipped with a slide rail, and the slide rail is slidably matched with the guide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a supply mechanism;

[0020] The supply structure includes an oil storage tank and an air storage tank, the oil storage tank is connected to an oil pump, the air storage tank is connected to an air pump, the oil storage tank and the air storage tank are both connected to the test box, and the oil storage tank, the oil pump, the air storage tank and the air pump are all installed on a bottom plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the oil and gas accumulation experimental device is characterized in that it also includes a control mechanism;

[0022] The control mechanism includes a control panel, which is connected to the cylinder signal and is installed on the base plate.

[0023] Another object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0024] A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method, comprising:

[0025] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes on the side walls of the casing and connecting the plurality of test boxes;

[0026] The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes are connected to the cylinders by means of a transmission mechanism, and then the cylinders are fixedly mounted on the bottom plates fixedly connected to the side walls of the casing to complete the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0027] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes, and different test boxes are controlled at different heights by cylinders. Oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes to conduct simulation experiments, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone and interbedded sand and mudstone.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] The present invention provides a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method, which can simulate the storage and migration of oil and gas under different geological environments. Remarkably, multiple test chambers are utilized, which are interconnected. Through the action of a first simulation mechanism, it is possible to simulate geological changes such as faults occurring again or multiple times on the geological basis, that is, to simulate the closed conditions of the caprock itself bending and deforming.

[0030] Furthermore, based on the first simulation mechanism, the second simulation mechanism can also realize different test chambers tilting in different directions or angles, enriching the complexity of the bending deformation simulation conditions, making the simulation scenarios of the closed conditions of the bending deformation of the cover layer itself more complex and diversified;

[0031] Secondly, the present invention provides a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device and method, which connects the test chambers to each other through a bellows. This ensures good connectivity between the different test chambers during the simulation process of the first simulation mechanism simulating a fault scenario that occurs again or multiple times, and during the simulation process of the first simulation mechanism and the second simulation mechanism simulating a more complex geological change scenario (with bending deformation in angle and direction), thereby further ensuring the reliability of the complex geological change simulation test.

[0032] On the basis of the bellows, the invention further utilizes a telescopic support sleeve to prevent oil accumulation in the bellows, further improving the reliability of the simulation test of complex geological changes;

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention can change the orientation of different test chambers by rotating the casing, which is more conducive to the observation of simulation tests and improves the observability of the oil and gas accumulation process in geological change simulation tests;

[0034] Finally, the orientation of the control panel provided by the present invention is not affected by the rotation of the sleeve, and the orientation can be flexibly controlled, which is convenient for operation and observation;

[0035] Furthermore, the present invention can realize the following oil and gas migration simulation test:

[0036] Fill all the test boxes with the same sandstone. Set different test boxes at different heights. Supply oil to the test boxes through an oil pump. Control the oil flow rate. As the oil supply increases, the migration and accumulation path of the oil can be observed.

[0037] Different test chambers are filled with different media, such as sandstone, mudstone, and interbedded sandstone and mudstone. Faults are also set in some test chambers. Different test chambers are set at different heights. Oil is supplied to the test chambers through oil pumps to observe the path of oil migration and accumulation.

[0038] Different test chambers are filled with the same or different media, and a certain amount of water is added to the test chamber. Oil is supplied to the test chamber through an oil pump to observe the path of oil migration and accumulation in the presence of water.

[0039] In order to facilitate the observation of gas migration and accumulation, the gas in the gas storage tank is adjusted to red, and the test chambers are adjusted to different heights. The red gas is injected into the test chambers to verify whether the gas migrates to the test chamber at the highest position.

[0040] In summary, the oil and gas reservoir formation experimental device provided by the present invention can realize the simulation of oil and gas reservoir formation of conventional oil and gas reservoirs, low-saturation oil and gas reservoirs, tight oil and gas reservoirs, shale oil and gas reservoirs, etc.

[0041] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0044] Figure 2 A simulation type oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of area A in the middle;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a bellows region of a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the friction ball region structure of a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0047] In the picture:

[0048] 101. Support plate; 102. Support column; 103. Sleeve; 104. Bottom plate; 201. Test chamber; 202. Glass front cover; 203. Cylinder mounting plate; 204. Cylinder; 205. Telescopic rod; 206. Support plate; 207. Friction ball; 208. Ball groove; 301. Oil storage tank; 302. Oil pump; 303. Air storage tank; 304. Air pump; 401. Guide rail; 402. Sliding plate; 501. Rotating ring; 502. Control panel; 601. Connecting pipe; 602. Connecting hose; 603. Bellows; 604. Telescopic support sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of test boxes 201 and a casing 103. The plurality of test boxes 201 are slidably mounted on the side walls of the casing 103. The plurality of test boxes 201 are interconnected to achieve oil and gas communication.

[0051] In this embodiment, the sleeve 103 is configured to be circular. This embodiment merely exemplifies the shape of the sleeve 103. The sleeve 103 may also be in a square or irregular shape.

[0052] The bottom end of the outer wall of the sleeve 103 is fixedly connected to a bottom plate 104. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 104 is annular. This embodiment only provides an exemplary shape of the bottom plate 104. The shape of the bottom plate 104 matches the shape of the sleeve 103.

[0053] The bottom of each of the test boxes 201 is provided with a first simulation mechanism, which includes a cylinder 204, which is in transmission connection with the test box 201, and the mounting end of the cylinder 204 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 104;

[0054] In this embodiment, the mounting end of the cylinder 204 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 104 via a cylinder mounting plate 203. The cylinder mounting plate 203 is fixedly connected to the base plate 104. This embodiment merely exemplifies the solution of the fixed connection between the cylinder 204 and the base plate 104. The cylinder 204 may also be directly fixedly mounted on the base plate 104.

[0055] The cylinder 204 can drive the test box 201 to move up and down, so that the same or different geological environments can be set in different test boxes 201, and adjacent test boxes 201 can be raised to different heights, which can effectively simulate the impact of complex changes in the geological environment on oil and gas transportation and storage. For example, the height of the test box 201 can be adjusted to simulate structural fluctuations (i.e., simulation of the closed conditions of the bending and deformation of the cap rock itself); simulation of fault geological changes that occur again or multiple times; simulation of the impact of the effective thickness, porosity, permeability, location and type of the reservoir on oil and gas storage; and simulation of multiple reservoir formation periods.

[0056] In this embodiment, a glass front cover 202 is installed at the side end of the test box 201 opposite to the side wall of the casing 103, so as to facilitate filling different geological simulation media (such as sandstone, mudstone, sand and mud) into the test box 201.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, in certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to enrich the simulation setting conditions of the sealing conditions of the cap rock itself bending and deformation, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device further includes a second simulation mechanism;

[0058] The second simulation mechanism includes a support plate 206, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 204. A friction ball 207 is fixedly provided in the middle of the end surface of the support plate 206 away from the cylinder 204. A ball groove 208 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the test box 201, and the ball groove 208 is in sliding engagement with the friction ball 207.

[0059] The tilt direction and tilt angle of the test box 201 are adjusted by the rotation effect between the friction ball 207 and the ball groove 208, and the static positioning of the test box 201 after tilting is achieved by the friction force between the friction ball 207 and the ball groove 208.

[0060] In certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the stability of the support plate 206 during the lifting process, the end face of the support plate 206 close to the cylinder 204 is fixedly connected with a telescopic rod 205, and the end of the telescopic rod 205 away from the support plate 206 is fixed to the base plate 104 with the mounting plate of the cylinder 204. This embodiment only provides an exemplary method of fixing the telescopic rod 205 to the base plate 104. The telescopic rod 205 can also be directly installed on the base plate 104.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, in order to ensure the communication between the plurality of test boxes 201 during the upward and downward movement of the test box 201, the plurality of adjacent test boxes 201 are connected to each other through a pipe assembly;

[0062] The pipeline assembly includes a connecting pipe 601, which is relatively arranged on the two side walls of the test box 201. Two adjacent connecting pipes 601 are connected in sequence through a connecting hose 602 and a bellows 603;

[0063] When the positional relationship between the adjacent test boxes 201 is changed up and down or tilted, the bellows 603 can be stretched and deformed, thereby ensuring that the interiors of the adjacent test boxes 201 remain connected.

[0064] like Figure 3As shown, in certain embodiments of the present invention, in order to prevent oil accumulation in the bellows 603, a telescopic support sleeve 604 is provided on the outside of the bellows 603, and the two ends of the telescopic support sleeve 604 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side walls of the two ends of the connecting hose 602. The telescopic support sleeve 604 supports the bellows 603, so that the simulation of oil and gas migration is unobstructed, and the bellows 603 is prevented from bending due to gravity when transporting oil in the bellows 603, which easily causes oil accumulation at the lowest point of the bend, and avoids the occurrence of oil and gas flow problems between adjacent test boxes 201 due to oil accumulation.

[0065] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of test boxes 201 are slidably connected to the sleeve 103 via a sliding mechanism;

[0066] The sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate 402, which is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the test box 201 near the sleeve 103. The test box 201 is vertically provided with a guide rail 401 near the sliding plate 402. A slide rail is mounted on the sliding plate 402, and the slide rail slides in conjunction with the guide rail 401. The sliding plate 402 utilizes the cooperation between the guide rail 401 and the slide rail to realize the vertical lifting of the test box 201.

[0067] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device further comprises a supply mechanism;

[0068] The supply structure includes an oil tank 301 and an air tank 303. The oil tank 301 is connected to an oil pump 302, and the air tank 303 is connected to an air pump 304. The oil tank 301 and the air tank 303 are both connected to the test box 201. The oil tank 301 is used to supply oil to the test box 201, and the air tank 303 is used to supply air to the test box 201. The oil tank 301, the oil pump 302, the air tank 303 and the air pump 304 are all installed on the base plate 104.

[0069] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a support column 102 is provided in the sleeve 103, and a support plate 101 is provided at the bottom end of the support column 102. The support column 102 is threadedly connected to the sleeve 103. Rotating the sleeve 103 can change the orientation of the test box 201. Continuously rotating the sleeve 103 can significantly change the height of the test box 201, which is convenient for observation and operation.

[0070] In certain embodiments of the present invention, the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device further comprises a control mechanism;

[0071] The control mechanism includes a control panel 502, which is respectively connected to the oil pump 302, the air pump 304, and the cylinder 204 by signal, so as to realize intelligent control of the oil supply rate of the oil pump 302 and the air supply rate of the air pump 304, and realize intelligent control of the cylinder 204. The control panel 502 is installed on the base plate 104 through a rotating ring 501, and the rotating ring 501 is slidingly connected to the base plate 104 through an annular slide rail groove. The control panel 502 is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating ring 501, and the rotating ring 501 can rotate horizontally on the outer circle of the base plate 104, thereby facilitating the movement of the control panel 502, facilitating the operation of the control panel 502 by the experimenter, and improving the intelligence level of the simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device.

[0072] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method is provided, comprising:

[0073] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes 201 on the side walls of the sleeve 103 and connecting the plurality of test boxes 201;

[0074] The bottoms of the test boxes 201 are all connected to the cylinders 204, and then the cylinders 204 are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 104 fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve 103, thereby completing the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0075] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes 201, and different test boxes 201 are controlled at different heights by cylinders 204. Oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes 201 to conduct simulation experiments and observe the path of oil migration and accumulation. The geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone, and interbedded sand and mudstone.

[0076] In certain embodiments of the present invention, a simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method is provided, comprising:

[0077] Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes 201 on the side wall of the sleeve 103; and connecting the plurality of test boxes 201;

[0078] The bottoms of the test boxes 201 are connected to the cylinder 204 through the support plate 206, and then the cylinder 204 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 104 fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve 103 to complete the installation of the first simulation mechanism;

[0079] A friction ball 207 is fixedly installed on the support plate 206 at a middle position away from the end surface of the cylinder 204, and a ball groove 208 is provided at a middle position of the bottom of the test box 201, and the ball groove 208 and the friction ball 207 are slidably engaged to complete the installation of the second simulation structure;

[0080] A geological simulation medium is filled into several test boxes 201, and different test boxes 201 are controlled at different heights by a cylinder 204. The different tilt directions and tilt angles of the test boxes 201 are controlled by sliding between a friction ball 207 and a ball groove 208. Oil and / or gas are added into the test box 201 to conduct a simulation experiment, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone, and interbedded sand and mudstone.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device, comprising a plurality of test boxes (201) and casings (103), characterized in that: The plurality of test boxes (201) are all slidably mounted on the side wall of the sleeve (103), and the plurality of test boxes (201) are interconnected; The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes (201) are each provided with a first simulation mechanism; The first simulation mechanism comprises a cylinder (204), the cylinder (204) is in transmission connection with the test box (201), and the cylinder (204) is fixedly mounted on a bottom plate (104) fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve (103); Also included is a second simulation mechanism; The second simulation mechanism comprises a support plate (206), the support plate (206) being fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (204), a friction ball (207) being fixedly provided at the middle position of the end surface of the support plate (206) away from the cylinder (204), a ball groove (208) being provided at the middle position of the bottom of the test box (201), and the ball groove (208) being in sliding engagement with the friction ball (207); Several adjacent test boxes (201) are connected to each other via a pipeline assembly.

2. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end surface of the supporting plate (206) close to the cylinder (204) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (205), and one end of the telescopic rod (205) away from the supporting plate (206) is fixed on the bottom plate (104).

3. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (102) is provided inside the sleeve (103), and the support column (102) is threadedly connected to the sleeve (103).

4. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline assembly comprises a connecting pipe (601), the connecting pipe (601) being arranged on two side walls of the test box (201) relative to each other, and two adjacent connecting pipes (601) being connected in sequence through a connecting hose (602) and a bellows (603).

5. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A telescopic support sleeve (604) is sleeved on the outer side of the bellows (603).

6. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of test boxes (201) are all slidably connected to the sleeve (103) via a sliding mechanism; The sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate (402), which is fixedly mounted on a side wall of the test box (201) near the sleeve (103), and a guide rail (401) is vertically opened in a region of the test box (201) near the sliding plate (402), and a slide rail is mounted on the sliding plate (402), and the slide rail is in sliding engagement with the guide rail (401).

7. The simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes supply agencies; The supply structure comprises an oil storage tank (301) and an air storage tank (303), wherein the oil storage tank (301) is connected to an oil pump (302), and the air storage tank (303) is connected to an air pump (304), and the oil storage tank (301) and the air storage tank (303) are both in communication with the test box (201), and the oil storage tank (301), the oil pump (302), the air storage tank (303) and the air pump (304) are all mounted on a bottom plate (104).

8. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes control agencies; The control mechanism includes a control panel (502), the control panel (502) is connected to the cylinder (204) via a signal, and the control panel (502) is mounted on the base plate (104).

9. A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental method, characterized in that: A simulated oil and gas accumulation experimental device according to claim 1 is implemented, comprising: Slidingly mounting a plurality of test boxes (201) on the side wall of the sleeve (103) and connecting the plurality of test boxes (201); The bottoms of the plurality of test boxes (201) are all connected to the cylinder (204) by means of a transmission mechanism, and the cylinder (204) is then fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (104) fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve (103), thereby completing the installation of the first simulation mechanism; A geological simulation medium is filled into a plurality of test boxes (201), and different test boxes (201) are controlled at different heights by a cylinder (204), and oil and / or gas are added into the test boxes (201) to perform a simulation experiment, wherein the geological simulation medium includes sandstone, mudstone, and interbedded sandstone and mudstone.

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