Flow testing and distribution device, flow distribution system and diesel engine
By installing measuring and regulating components on the diesel engine branch lines, and utilizing resistance elements and regulating components to achieve uniform flow distribution, the problem of uneven supply in the diesel engine branch lines is solved, thereby improving the performance and reliability of the diesel engine.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411296847.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-09-14
AI Technical Summary
The complex branch pipeline structure of diesel engines, coupled with space constraints, makes it difficult to ensure the uniformity of the supply to each cylinder, thus affecting the performance and reliability of the diesel engine.
Design a flow test and distribution device, including a measuring component and a regulating component. The flow distribution is obtained by measuring the fluid pressure difference of each branch pipeline, and the flow is uniformly regulated within a limited space by using a resistance element and the regulating component.
Achieving uniform distribution of fluid flow within a limited layout space improves the performance and reliability of each cylinder in the diesel engine, ensuring stable operation of the diesel engine.
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Figure CN119177891B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of diesel engines, and more specifically to the field of flow distribution. Background Technology
[0002] In diesel engine structural design, a multi-branch pipeline layout is typically used for oil and water supply to meet the cooling and lubrication needs of each cylinder and ensure stable operation of the diesel engine. However, due to space constraints in diesel engine layout, the system branch pipeline structure is complex, and it is difficult to guarantee the uniformity of the supply to each cylinder, which in turn affects the performance and reliability of each cylinder. Summary of the Invention
[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a flow test and distribution device that can be installed in a limited layout space to improve the uniformity of fluid flow distribution.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a flow testing and distribution device is installed on each branch pipeline, including a measuring component and an adjusting component. The measuring component includes a first pressure testing pipe section, a second pressure testing pipe section, and a resistance element located between the first and second pressure testing pipe sections. The first and second pressure testing pipe sections are each equipped with a pressure monitoring component to obtain the fluid pressure difference of the branch pipeline, thereby obtaining the flow distribution of each branch pipeline. The adjusting component is located downstream of the measuring component and is used to adjust the output flow of the branch pipeline according to the flow distribution.
[0005] In one or more embodiments, the resistance element includes a throttling region and a guiding region. The throttling region includes a throttling orifice, the inner wall of which is tapered and expanded to generate energy loss. The guiding region includes a guiding orifice.
[0006] In one or more embodiments, the resistance element includes a group of resistance elements with throttling orifices and guide orifices of different inner diameters, and each resistance element is alternatively disposed between the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section.
[0007] In one or more embodiments, the regulating component includes a throttling orifice plate.
[0008] In one or more embodiments, the regulating component includes a fixed plate with an eccentric circle and a movable plate with an eccentric circle, the movable plate being configured to rotate circumferentially, thereby changing the flow area of the branch pipe by overlapping the eccentric circle of the fixed plate, thus achieving flow regulation.
[0009] In one or more embodiments, the outer periphery of the adjustment component is provided with adjustment markings.
[0010] In one or more embodiments, the adjustment assembly includes an axially moving component.
[0011] In one or more embodiments, the regulating assembly includes a valve body and a tapered slider, the tapered slider regulating the output flow rate by means of axial movement relative to the valve body.
[0012] In one or more embodiments, the measuring component and the adjusting component are either separate structures or an integrated structure.
[0013] In one or more embodiments, the pressure monitoring component is a pressure sensor or a differential pressure gauge.
[0014] In one or more embodiments, the fluid in the branch line is oil or water.
[0015] In one or more embodiments, the traffic test allocation device further includes an inlet interface and an outlet interface.
[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide a flow distribution system, including a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and multiple parallel branch pipes connecting the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet, each of the branch pipes being provided with the aforementioned flow testing and distribution device.
[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a diesel engine including the above-described flow distribution system.
[0018] The aforementioned flow test and distribution device has a compact and simple structure. The measuring component directly obtains the fluid pressure difference of each branch through the pressure monitoring components distributed in the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section, and thus directly obtains the flow distribution situation without needing to obtain specific flow values. The flow rate is adjusted by the regulating component according to the flow distribution situation of each branch, thereby achieving uniform distribution of fluid flow under limited installation requirements. Attached Figure Description
[0019] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:
[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the flow test distribution device;
[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a component of one embodiment of the flow test distribution device;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow distribution system;
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement component;
[0024] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the resistance element;
[0025] Figures 6A-6D This is a schematic diagram of a resistance element with throttling orifices and guide orifices of different inner diameters;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the regulating component;
[0027] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of one embodiment of the adjustment component;
[0028] Figures 9A-9B This is a diagram illustrating the adjustment of the graduated markings to different rotational positions;
[0029] Figures 10A-10C This is a schematic diagram showing the different overlapping areas of eccentric circles;
[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow test and distribution device installed in each branch pipeline of the cooling water system;
[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow test and distribution device installed in each branch pipeline of the valve seat lubricating oil;
[0032] Figures 13A-13B This is a comparison diagram of the flow field streamlines with and without guide holes;
[0033] Figures 14A-14B This is a comparison chart of turbulent kinetic energy with and without guide holes;
[0034] Figures 15A-15B This is a comparison chart of the flow field pressure with and without guide holes;
[0035] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the flow test distribution device;
[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the flow test distribution device;
[0037] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the flow test distribution device;
[0038] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another embodiment of the flow test and distribution device;
[0039] Figure 20A This is a schematic diagram of the testing principle of a traditional differential pressure flow meter;
[0040] Figure 20B This is the test principle diagram of the test component. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual application situations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.
[0042] It should be noted that these and other accompanying drawings are merely examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] In diesel engine structural design, a multi-branch pipeline layout is typically used for oil and water supply to meet the cooling and lubrication needs of each cylinder and ensure stable operation of the diesel engine. However, due to space constraints in diesel engine layout, the system branch pipeline structure is complex, making it difficult to guarantee the uniformity of supply to each cylinder, which in turn affects the performance and reliability of each cylinder.
[0044] For example, uneven cooling water supply to each cylinder can lead to insufficient cooling water flow in some cylinders, causing cylinder liner temperatures to rise and resulting in cylinder scoring, while excessive cooling water flow in some cylinders results in low cylinder temperatures, leading to increased carbon deposits and accelerated wear. Similarly, uneven lubricant supply to the valve seats of each cylinder can cause insufficient lubrication in some cylinders, while excessive lubricant in others can lead to carbon deposits and impaired valve seals. Therefore, real-time monitoring and adjustment of the flow distribution in the complex branch pipelines of a diesel engine to ensure uniform supply to each cylinder is crucial for the safe and stable operation of the diesel engine.
[0045] Traditional flow measurement products have high requirements for layout space, working environment, and working medium in practical applications, and cannot be directly installed and used on diesel engine branch pipelines where layout space is tight, pipeline structure is complex, and vibration environment is harsh.
[0046] As a type of flow measurement product, the principle of a differential pressure flow meter is as follows: Figure 20A As shown, without considering energy loss, the continuity equation and Bernoulli equation are applied to an ideal fluid. The significant change in flow area causes a change in velocity, and the pressure difference is obtained based on the velocity difference at nodes T and E. The measured flow rate is then derived from the pressure difference and the throttling area. Considering the actual fluid viscosity and local energy loss after throttling, differential pressure flowmeters are typically large in size and have strict requirements for pipeline installation and pressure tap location to ensure measurement accuracy. Furthermore, corrections are needed based on the physical properties of the measured medium.
[0047] For example, Chinese patent CN117804554 proposes a variable differential pressure orifice flow meter structure. Although it improves the measurement accuracy and solves the problem of inaccurate measurement of high-pressure and low-pressure airflow caused by the fixed diameter of the differential pressure orifice, the structure is complex and difficult to adapt to the limited space for diesel engine layout.
[0048] Existing flow distribution and regulation schemes generally suffer from problems such as complex system structure and poor integration. Furthermore, the lack of effective and direct flow distribution feedback leads to poor regulation accuracy and low efficiency. For example, Chinese patent CN114198532A proposes a flow regulation structure consisting of a circular pipe and multiple slave pipes vertically connected to the main pipe, but it is only applicable to regular pipes and lacks flow regulation feedback signals. Chinese patent CN117365726A proposes an adaptive flow distribution regulation device for parallel cooling channels. By adding a resistance element with a resistance coefficient much larger than that of the pipe on each branch, the resistance of each branch is made approximately equal, thus improving the flow uniformity of each branch. It also senses changes in system flow through the upstream and downstream pressure difference, driving the resistance element to adaptively adjust and alleviate the system power consumption caused by the resistance element. However, this structure is complex and difficult to apply to the compact space within a diesel engine.
[0049] Existing solutions for accurate flow rate testing primarily target the flow rate detection of materials and gases, particularly in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. These solutions are characterized by small measurement ranges, high accuracy requirements, stringent testing environments, and complex testing systems, making them difficult to directly apply to the diesel engine field. For example, Chinese patent CN117810130A proposes a fixed-volume chamber for wafer processing and its flow controller, using the ideal gas law to calculate and measure gas flow rate. Chinese patent CN102829828A describes a flow rate measurement and control device that calculates and fits the relationship between gas pressure difference and voltage / temperature, combining this with the pressure difference-flow rate characteristic curve of gas under laminar flow conditions to measure gas flow rate. These technical solutions and testing principles differ significantly from those used in the diesel engine field.
[0050] Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes a flow testing and distribution device installed on a branch pipeline.
[0051] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the flow test distribution device includes a measuring component 10 and an adjusting component 20, as well as an inlet interface 30 and an outlet interface 40 at both ends, such as flanges or pipe fittings.
[0052] The regulating component 20 is located downstream of the measuring component 10 and is used to regulate the output flow of the branch pipeline 103. The system flow enters each branch pipeline after passing through the main pipeline integrated flow cavity. The branch flow is first monitored by the measuring component 10 for flow distribution, and the flow distribution is adjusted according to the measurement results. The adjusted branch flow enters each cylinder to ensure its supply uniformity.
[0053] The measuring component 10 includes a pressure test pipe section 11, a resistance element 12, and a pressure monitoring component 13, used to measure the fluid pressure difference in each branch pipe 103, thereby obtaining the flow distribution in each branch pipe 103. This measuring component 10 differs from a traditional differential pressure flow meter, such as... Figure 20B As shown, its measurement principle indirectly assesses the flow rate by measuring the pressure difference after passing through the resistance element. The change in pressure difference originates from energy loss after passing through the resistance element. The pressure difference test points are nodes T and F, whose cross-sections are equal to ensure that the pressure loss comes entirely from energy loss, rather than changes in flow velocity. Given a fixed internal flow channel structure, the energy loss generated by viscous fluid is uniquely related to the flow velocity v within the pipe. This method differs significantly from traditional differential pressure flowmeters in its testing principle and pressure tap locations, directly reflecting the flow distribution.
[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 4 As shown, the resistance element 12 is located between the first pressure test pipe section 111 and the second pressure test pipe section 112. The resistance element 12 includes a throttling region 120 and a flow guiding region 122. The flow guiding region 122 is distributed around the periphery of the throttling region 120 to achieve rapid stabilization of the flow field after throttling, facilitating pressure testing. The first pressure test pipe section 111 and the second pressure test pipe section 112 are each equipped with a pressure monitoring component 13.
[0055] Figure 5 A further schematic diagram of the resistance element 12 is shown. The throttling region 120 includes a throttling orifice 123. The inner wall 124 forming the throttling orifice 123 is tapered and expanded to throttle the flowing fluid, causing energy loss. The throttling orifice 123 can be one or more, such as... Figures 6A-6D As shown. The number of throttling orifices n, orifice diameter d, and orifice length b are determined by a comprehensive evaluation based on factors such as the viscosity and flow rate of the fluid being measured.
[0056] The flow guiding zone 122 includes flow guiding holes 125. The throttling zone 120 is designed with flow guiding holes around its perimeter, which can achieve rapid stabilization of the flow field after throttling and facilitate pressure testing. Figure 13A-15B The diagram shows a comparison of the flow field before and after using a flow guide orifice for the same resistance element. The verification results show that in the pipe without a flow guide orifice, the flow field after throttling generates more pronounced vortices P, with higher turbulent kinetic energy Q and a more significant pressure fluctuation region near the wall. Figure 15AAs shown in region N; however, in the pipe using a guide hole, the flow field after throttling does not form obvious vortices, the turbulent kinetic energy S near the wall is relatively small, and the fluid pressure changes smoothly, as shown in... Figure 15B The middle region N' is shown.
[0057] The resistance element includes, but is not limited to, the structure described above. It can be improved according to factors such as flow rate and medium viscosity, as long as the structure of the resistance element in each branch is consistent, that is, the resistance characteristics are consistent. In some embodiments, the resistance element may include a series of resistance elements with throttling orifices and guide orifices of different inner diameters. The resistance element can be replaced between the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section, and resistance elements with different resistance characteristics can be replaced according to different operating conditions.
[0058] The measuring component 10 can directly obtain the flow distribution of each branch by measuring the pressure difference before and after the resistance element. In some embodiments, the pressure test pipe section 11 has a threaded interface 16 for arranging flow and pressure monitoring components 13, such as sensors or differential pressure gauges, to measure the pressure difference before and after throttling. The resistance element with a flow-guiding design can effectively and quickly stabilize the flow field after throttling and reduce the straight section requirements. Preferably, the distance L between the pressure monitoring component 13 and the resistance element 12 is greater than or equal to 0.5 times the inner diameter D of the pressure test pipe section 11. In embodiments where a specific flow rate value needs to be measured, the resistance characteristics of the flow resistance element used are first calibrated through platform testing to clarify the correspondence between the pressure difference ΔP and the flow rate Q, and then the pressure difference is measured by this device and converted into flow rate.
[0059] The connection between the pressure test section 11 and the resistance element 12 can be a detachable structure, such as setting the test section and the resistance element to a threaded connection; or it can be an integral structure, such as using welding to simplify the structure for requirements that require solidification and integration.
[0060] Back Figure 1 and Figure 2 The flow regulation component 20 is located downstream of the measurement component 10. It can be integrated with the measurement component into a single structure, or it can be configured as a separate structure. An integrated structure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the measuring device is directly integrated into the branch pipeline as part of the pipeline system. This design is compact, highly integrated, and ensures consistent installation and testing conditions across all branches, minimizing susceptibility to environmental influences. It is particularly suitable for diesel engines with complex branch structures requiring high compactness. A split structure is shown below. Figure 16 As shown, the adjustment component 20 and the measuring component 10 adopt a split design and are connected by a flange 50. This solution has a simple structure and is suitable for occasions with relatively ample space.
[0061] The regulating component 20 adjusts the flow rate of each branch according to the pressure difference of each branch, and performs online adjustment without stopping the machine based on the flow distribution results measured by the measuring component 10. The adjustment is convenient, the target is clear, and the adjustment efficiency is high.
[0062] In one embodiment of the regulating assembly 20, the regulating assembly 20 achieves flow regulation via a throttling orifice plate. (Refer to...) Figures 7 to 10C As shown, the regulating assembly includes a fixed plate 29 with an eccentric circle and a movable plate 28 with an eccentric circle, as well as a sealing ring 27 and a locking screw 26. The movable plate 28 is configured to rotate circumferentially, for example, by manual rotation by an operator, thereby changing the flow area of the branch pipe by altering the overlapping area of the eccentric circle with the fixed plate 29, thus achieving flow regulation. The outer periphery of the regulating assembly is provided with adjustment markings to accurately indicate the flow adjustment status.
[0063] like Figures 7 to 10C As shown, when the pressure difference of a branch is large, it indicates that the flow rate distributed in that branch is large. Loosen the locking screw 26 and rotate the MAX mark on the outer periphery of the eccentric circular movable plate 28 away from the mark 41 on the outlet interface 40. When the MIN mark on the outer periphery of the eccentric circular movable plate 28 coincides with the mark 41 on the outlet interface 40, the MAX mark and the mark on the outlet interface 40 are at 180°. At this time, the flow area H is the smallest and the shielding area G is the largest, corresponding to the flow rate being adjusted to the minimum. The overlapping area of the eccentric circles is as follows. Figure 10C As shown. When the branch pressure difference is small, rotate the MAX marking on the outer periphery of the eccentric circular movable plate 28 towards the marking 40 near the outlet interface. The overlapping area of the eccentric circles is as follows. Figure 10A As shown, the eccentric circles coincide, resulting in the largest flow area. Finally, the positioning is achieved by tightening the locking screws. After adjustment, the pressure difference across each branch is confirmed. When the pressure difference deviation of each branch is within the allowable range, the flow uniformity distribution meets the requirements, and the test and adjustment are complete.
[0064] In other embodiments of the regulating component 20, the regulating component 20 achieves flow regulation by changing the flow area through the axial movement of the axially moving component. For example... Figure 18 and Figure 19 As shown, the regulating component 20 includes a valve body 201 and a conical slider 202. The conical slider 202 is connected to the valve body 201 via multiple circumferentially distributed connecting plates 204. A channel 203 exists between the conical slider 202 and the valve body 201. By moving axially, the conical slider opens or closes the connection between the measuring component 10 and the channel 203, thereby regulating the output flow rate. This embodiment has a simple structure and is suitable for applications with low axial space requirements.
[0065] The fluid in the branch pipeline includes, but is not limited to, oil or water. Figure 11The diagram shows the flow test distribution assembly installed on each branch of the cooling water pipe. One end of the flow test distribution device is connected to the cylinder head return water main pipe 301, and the other end is connected to the cylinder 303. Figure 12 The diagram illustrates the placement of the test component of the flow test distribution device on each branch pipeline of the valve seat lubricating oil to achieve uniform adjustment of the lubricating oil. The valve seat lubrication system includes multiple branch pipelines. The test component 10 of the flow test distribution device is placed between the upstream 401 and downstream 402 of each lubricating oil branch pipeline. The flow regulation component can be selected from the existing flow regulation structure 400. In this case, the flow regulation component and the test component are separate structures.
[0066] The aforementioned device, designed to address the characteristics of diesel engine fluid media, flow rates, and vibration environments, integrates testing equipment into each branch. Based on resistance measurement elements, it obtains the current branch flow distribution by measuring the pressure difference across the device. Flow is then adjusted via a flow regulation mechanism within the device according to the pressure difference, effectively improving the uniformity of oil and water supply distribution in complex multi-branch pipelines and ensuring the performance and reliability of each cylinder. Considering the compact space and complex branch pipeline structure of diesel engines, this design is simple and compact. The measuring device can be directly integrated into the branch pipeline as part of the pipeline system, resulting in a compact and highly integrated structure. The adjustment component performs online adjustments based on the flow distribution test results, offering convenient, targeted, and efficient adjustments.
[0067] Based on the description of the above devices, a flow distribution system can also be understood, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a fluid inlet 101, a fluid outlet 102, and multiple parallel branch pipes 103 connecting the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet. Each branch pipe is equipped with the aforementioned flow test and distribution device.
[0068] This flow distribution system obtains the real-time flow distribution of each branch by measuring the energy loss of fluid flowing through the internal resistance elements of the device. Furthermore, the uniformity of flow in each branch is adjusted by regulating the internal flow area of the measuring device. This method features high measurement accuracy, compact structure, and good adaptability.
[0069] It can also be understood that a diesel engine including the above-mentioned flow distribution system can realize real-time testing and online adjustment of the flow distribution of the supply pipeline under the complex branch structure of the diesel engine, effectively improve the uniformity of oil and water flow supply distribution in multi-branch complex pipelines, ensure the performance and reliability of each cylinder, and provide a guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the diesel engine.
[0070] This application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. Terms such as "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" in different locations throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.
[0071] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A flow test distribution device, provided on each branch line, characterized by, The application relates to a flow test distribution device. The measuring assembly comprises a first pressure test pipe section, a second pressure test pipe section and a resistance element between the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section, wherein the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section are respectively provided with a pressure monitoring component for obtaining the fluid pressure difference of the branch pipe and further obtaining the flow distribution of each branch pipe. The adjusting assembly is arranged downstream of the measuring assembly and is used for adjusting the output flow of the branch pipe according to the flow distribution. The resistance element comprises a throttling area and a flow guiding area, the flow guiding area comprises a flow guiding hole, the throttling area comprises a throttling hole, the inner wall of the throttling hole is tapered and expanded, is used for generating energy loss, and the inner diameter of the flow guiding hole gradually increases from the inlet side to the outlet side. The adjusting assembly comprises an axial moving component, the adjusting assembly comprises a valve body and a conical slider, the conical slider is connected with the valve body through a plurality of connecting plates distributed in the circumferential direction, the conical slider and the valve body are provided with a channel, the conical slider opens or closes the communication between the measuring assembly and the channel by axial movement relative to the valve body, so as to adjust the output flow.
2. The flow test dispensing device of claim 1, wherein, The resistance element comprises a group of resistance elements with different inner diameter throttling holes and flow guiding holes, and each resistance element is replaceably arranged between the first pressure test pipe section and the second pressure test pipe section.
3. The flow test dispensing device of claim 1, wherein, The measuring assembly and the adjusting assembly are in a split structure or an integrated structure.
4. The flow test dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The pressure monitoring component is a pressure sensor or a differential pressure gauge.
5. The flow test dispensing device of claim 1, wherein, The fluid in the branch pipe is oil or water.
6. The flow test dispensing apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The flow test distribution device further comprises an inlet interface and an outlet interface.
7. A flow distribution system, characterized in that The application relates to a flow test distribution device. The application relates to a flow test distribution device. The application relates to a flow test distribution device. The application relates to a flow test distribution device.
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Citation Information
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