Indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measuring system and method
By using dual probe temperature compensation and adaptive filtering algorithms in the ultrasonic heat meter system and combining modular design, the problem of insufficient accuracy, stability and adaptability of traditional heat meter in indoor temperature measurement and heat calculation is solved, and the problem of insufficient accuracy, stability and adaptability of traditional heat meter in indoor temperature measurement and heat calculation is achieved. High precision, high stability and high adaptability of heat metering ensures fairness in heat metering charges.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411582883.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-07
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional heat meters have insufficient accuracy, stability and adaptability in indoor temperature measurement and heat calculation, and cannot meet the needs of heat metering in high accuracy, stability and complex environments.
The ultrasonic heat meter system is adopted, including ultrasonic transducer, dual probe temperature measurement probe, signal processing unit and display unit. The heat calculation is carried out through algorithms based on dual probe temperature compensation and adaptive filtering, and the indoor ambient temperature is monitored in real time, combined with the module Design to improve the stability and adaptability of the system.
It realizes high-precision, high stability and high adaptability of heat metering, improves the accuracy of heat metering, enhances the stability and adaptability of the system, and ensures the fairness and rationality of heat metering charges.
Smart Images
Figure CN119178535A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of temperature measurement and heat metering, and in particular to an indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system and related methods. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing importance of energy management, accurate measurement of indoor heat consumption is of key significance for the rational use of energy and the realization of energy conservation and emission reduction goals. Traditional heat meter measurement technology has certain limitations in terms of accuracy, stability and adaptability to complex indoor environments. As a new type of heat metering equipment, ultrasonic heat meter has the advantages of high accuracy and no mechanical wear, but the current ultrasonic heat meter still needs to be further optimized in indoor temperature measurement and heat calculation to meet the needs of more accurate and efficient indoor heat metering. Common traditional heat meter products include mechanical heat meter, electromagnetic heat meter, vortex heat meter, etc. Some well-known traditional heat meter brands and products include Landis heat meter, Kamstrup heat meter, Zhenlan heat meter, Huiyi heat meter, Tiangang heat meter, Atoli heat meter, Siemens heat meter, Itron heat meter, etc.
[0003] Mechanical heat meter: This is a more traditional heat meter that uses a mechanical structure to measure the hot water flow and temperature changes, and then calculates the heat consumption. Its principle is to use the water flow to drive the mechanical impeller to rotate. The number of revolutions of the impeller is proportional to the water flow, and then the heat is calculated by combining the inlet and outlet water temperature difference measured by the temperature sensor. For example, some early heating systems used this mechanical heat meter for heat measurement, but it has disadvantages such as mechanical wear and accuracy that is easily affected by water quality.
[0004] Electromagnetic heat meter: It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to measure the flow of water, and then combines it with temperature measurement to calculate the heat. The measurement accuracy of electromagnetic heat meters is relatively high, but it has certain requirements for the installation environment and water quality, and the cost is relatively high. Electromagnetic heat meters are used in some places that require high heat metering accuracy, such as large commercial buildings, industrial plants, etc.
[0005] Vortex heat meter: It measures the water flow rate based on the Karman vortex principle and calculates the heat by combining the temperature difference information. It overcomes some of the shortcomings of mechanical heat meters to a certain extent, but there is still room for improvement in terms of accuracy and stability, and its adaptability to complex working conditions needs to be strengthened.
[0006] Although traditional heat meter products of different brands have their own characteristics, they have gradually exposed some shortcomings in the face of increasingly complex indoor heating environments and higher requirements for heat metering accuracy, stability, adaptability, etc., providing room for improvement and innovation for the present invention. Summary of the invention
[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system and method, the system includes an ultrasonic transducer, a temperature measuring probe, a signal processing unit, a microcontroller and a display unit, the temperature measuring probe is set to two, respectively used to collect the temperature near the water inlet and outlet of the heating pipe, the system adopts an ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation or an ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering to calculate heat, and also includes a temperature measuring probe that can measure indoor and outdoor temperatures, and the temperature measuring probe is connected to the heat meter through a soft wire with a length of 3 meters to 10 meters.
[0008] Furthermore, the ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation includes: measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in the downstream and upstream directions, establishing a temperature compensation model according to the influence of temperature on the ultrasonic propagation speed, and calculating the heat consumption of the indoor heating system by combining the ultrasonic propagation speed after temperature compensation and the fluid flow rate.
[0009] Furthermore, the ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering includes: using an adaptive filtering algorithm to process the original ultrasonic signal, continuously adjusting the filter weight coefficient to make the output signal as close to the ideal signal as possible, and calculating the heat consumption of the indoor heating system based on the filtered ultrasonic signal.
[0010] Furthermore, the temperature measurement probe is also used to monitor the indoor ambient temperature in real time, and the system incorporates the indoor ambient temperature data into the heat calculation algorithm.
[0011] Furthermore, the system adopts a modular design, and each module includes an ultrasonic transducer module, a temperature measurement probe module, a signal processing unit module, a microcontroller module and a display unit module, which is easy to maintain and upgrade.
[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for measuring indoor temperature with an ultrasonic heat meter, comprising the following steps:
[0013] (1) System initialization;
[0014] (2) Temperature data collection;
[0015] (3) Ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing;
[0016] (4) Calorie calculation;
[0017] (5)Results display.
[0018] Furthermore, in the temperature data collection step, the collected temperatures include the water inlet temperature and water outlet temperature of the heating pipe as well as the indoor ambient temperature and the indoor and outdoor temperatures.
[0019] Furthermore, in the ultrasonic signal collection and processing step, an adaptive filtering algorithm is used to process the original ultrasonic signal.
[0020] Furthermore, in the heat calculation step, the heat consumption of the indoor heating system is calculated according to an ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation or an ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering.
[0021] Furthermore, in the result display step, the calculated heat consumption and related temperature values are displayed on a display unit.
[0022] Beneficial technical effects:
[0023] The present invention achieves high accuracy, high stability and high adaptability of indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement through the above solution and perfect system architecture and measurement method flow, and has the following beneficial effects:
[0024] 1. Improved heat metering accuracy: Through the dual-probe temperature compensation mechanism, adaptive filtering to process ultrasonic signals, and a heat calculation model that comprehensively considers multiple factors, key parameters such as ultrasonic propagation time, fluid flow rate, and temperature difference can be measured more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy of heat metering in indoor heating systems.
[0025] 2. Enhanced system stability: Real-time monitoring of indoor ambient temperature and incorporating it into the algorithm, as well as the use of modular design for easy maintenance and upgrades, enable the system to better adapt to the complex indoor temperature change environment, reduce the possibility of system failure, and enhance system stability.
[0026] 3. Improved system adaptability: The measurement system and algorithm of the present invention can adapt to different indoor heating system operating conditions. Whether it is a situation of large temperature fluctuations or the presence of noise interference, it can effectively perform heat metering, thereby improving the adaptability of the system.
[0027] 4. Easy for users to use: The display unit intuitively displays relevant information such as heat consumption value and temperature value, which makes it convenient for users to understand the operation of the indoor heating system and improves the user experience.
[0028] 5. Achieve fair and reasonable heat metering charges: The newly added temperature probe that can measure indoor and outdoor temperatures and the "household heat metering, temperature difference heat sharing" mode make heat metering charges more in line with actual heat usage, improve the fairness and rationality of charges, and also promote users' energy-saving awareness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 System principle flow chart; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0031] Embodiment 1
[0032] The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system of the present invention is mainly composed of the following modules:
[0033] 1. Ultrasonic transducer module: responsible for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals in the heating pipe, and is a key component for measuring parameters such as ultrasonic propagation time.
[0034] 2. Temperature measurement probe module: It contains two temperature measurement probes, which are installed near the water inlet and outlet of the heating pipe respectively, and a probe that can be used to monitor the indoor ambient temperature, which is used to collect various temperature data in real time.
[0035] 3. Signal processing unit module: processes the original ultrasonic signal collected by the ultrasonic transducer, such as filtering using an adaptive filtering algorithm, to improve signal quality.
[0036] 4. Microcontroller module: Receives signals from the temperature measurement probe and signal processing unit, performs data processing and calculations according to the set algorithm, such as calculating heat consumption, and controls the operation process of the entire system.
[0037] 5. Display unit module: used to display the measured heat consumption value, temperature value and other related information, so that users can intuitively understand the operation status of the indoor heating system.
[0038] Indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement method process:
[0039] 1. System initialization: Start the indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system and initialize each module, including parameter setting of ultrasonic transducer and calibration of temperature measurement probe.
[0040] 2. Temperature data collection: The temperature measurement probe collects data such as the water inlet temperature, water outlet temperature and indoor ambient temperature of the heating pipe in real time, and transmits it to the microcontroller.
[0041] 3. Ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing: The ultrasonic transducer acquires the original ultrasonic signal, and the signal processing unit processes it using a corresponding algorithm (such as an adaptive filtering algorithm) to obtain a processed ultrasonic signal.
[0042] 4. Heat calculation: The microcontroller calculates the heat consumption of the indoor heating system according to the collected temperature data and the processed ultrasonic signal according to the set mathematical model algorithm (such as the heat calculation algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation or the heat calculation algorithm based on adaptive filtering).
[0043] 5. Result display: The calculated heat consumption and related temperature values are displayed on the display unit for the user to view.
[0044] The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system of this scheme mainly includes ultrasonic transducer, temperature star probe, signal processing unit, microcontroller and display unit. Among them, there are two temperature measurement probes, which are installed near the water inlet and outlet of the indoor heating pipe respectively, for real-time collection of water inlet temperature Tin and water outlet temperature Tout.
[0045] Ultrasonic propagation time measurement: Ultrasonic transducers are used to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals in the heating pipe, and the propagation time t1 and t2 of ultrasonic waves in the downstream and upstream directions are measured. According to the ultrasonic propagation principle, in a stationary fluid, the ultrasonic propagation velocity v and the fluid flow velocity u have the following relationship: Where L is the path length of the ultrasonic wave propagating in the pipe. By measuring t1 and t2, the fluid flow velocity u can be calculated.
[0046] Temperature compensation model: Considering the influence of temperature on the propagation speed of ultrasound, a temperature compensation model is established. It is known that the propagation speed v of ultrasound in the medium and the temperature T approximately satisfy the following relationship: v(T) = vo(1+α(T-To))
[0047] Where vo is the ultrasonic propagation velocity at the reference temperature T, and α is the temperature coefficient. For different temperatures at the water inlet and outlet, calculate the ultrasonic propagation velocities vin and vout at the water inlet temperature Tin and water outlet temperature Tout, respectively.
[0048] Heat calculation: According to the heat star calculation formula Q = mcAT (where Q is heat, m is the fluid mass flow rate, c is the fluid specific heat capacity,
[0049] AT=Tin-Tout, combined with the previously calculated fluid flow rate u and the ultrasonic propagation velocities vin and vout after temperature compensation. Calculate the mass flow rate m, and then accurately calculate the heat consumption Q of the indoor heating system. First, start the ultrasonic transducer, and at the same time start the two temperature measurement probes to collect the inlet water temperature Tin and the outlet water temperature Tout. Next, measure the ultrasonic propagation time t1 and t2 in the downstream and upstream directions, and calculate the fluid flow rate u according to the above formula. Then, calculate the ultrasonic propagation velocities vin and vout under Tin and Tout according to the temperature compensation model. Finally, combine the calculated u, vin and vout, and calculate the heat consumption Q according to the heat calculation formula,
[0050] And the result is displayed on the display unit.
[0051] Embodiment 2
[0052] System composition: It also includes basic components such as ultrasonic transducer, temperature measuring probe, signal processing unit, microcontroller and display unit. The temperature measuring probe is used to monitor the indoor ambient temperature and the inlet and outlet temperature of the heating pipe in real time, and provide temperature parameters for subsequent signal processing and heat calculation.
[0053] Mathematical model algorithm: Ultrasonic signal acquisition: The original ultrasonic signal x(n) collected by the ultrasonic transducer often contains noise interference and requires signal processing. Adaptive filtering model: The original ultrasonic signal is processed using an adaptive filtering algorithm. Suppose the weight coefficient vector of the adaptive filter is w(n), the input signal is c(n), and the expected output signal is d(n) (here the expected output signal can be set according to the known ideal ultrasonic signal characteristics), then the output y(n) of the adaptive filter can be expressed as: y(n) = w T(n)x(n), by continuously adjusting the weight coefficient vector w(n), the output signal y(n) is made as close as possible to the expected output signal d(n). The algorithm for adjusting the weight coefficient adopts the least mean square (LMS) algorithm, and its update formula is: w(n+1)=w(n)+ue(n)x(n), where u is the step size factor, which controls the speed of updating the weight coefficient, and e(n)=d(n)-y(n) is the error signal. Based on the calculation of the hot star after filtering: the ultrasonic signal after adaptive filtering is purer and can more accurately measure the parameters such as the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave in the pipeline. Then, according to a method similar to the technical solution 1, combined with the temperature data collected by the temperature measurement probe, the heat consumption Q of the indoor heating system is calculated. First, the ultrasonic transducer collects the original ultrasonic signal x(n), and the temperature measurement probe collects the relevant temperature data. Then, the original ultrasonic signal α(n) is input into the adaptive filter, and the signal is processed according to the above-mentioned adaptive filtering model and LMS algorithm to obtain the filtered output signal (n). Then, the ultrasonic wave propagation time and other parameters are accurately measured according to the filtered signal, and the heat consumption Q is calculated in combination with the temperature data. Finally, the result of the heat consumption Q is displayed on the display unit.
[0054] Two temperature measuring probes are used to measure the temperature of the water inlet and outlet of the heating pipe respectively. This can not only obtain the temperature difference more accurately for heat calculation, but also further improve the accuracy of heat measurement by establishing a temperature compensation model and considering the influence of temperature on ultrasonic propagation velocity. This dual-probe temperature compensation mechanism has not been reported in existing ultrasonic heat meter measurement systems and can effectively deal with the influence of temperature fluctuations on heat measurement in indoor heating systems.
[0055] The original ultrasonic signal collected by the ultrasonic transducer is processed using an adaptive filtering algorithm, and the output signal is made as close to the ideal signal as possible by continuously adjusting the filter weight coefficients. This innovation can effectively remove noise interference in the ultrasonic signal and improve the accuracy of measuring parameters such as ultrasonic propagation time, thus laying the foundation for more accurate heat calculation. At present, in the field of indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement, this signal processing method based on adaptive filtering is rarely used.
[0056] The heat calculation model of the present invention comprehensively considers the influence of temperature on the propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves, the flow rate of fluids, the temperature difference and other factors. By establishing an accurate mathematical relationship, these factors are organically combined to calculate the heat. Compared with the traditional heat calculation method, it can more accurately reflect the actual heat consumption of the indoor heating system and improve the accuracy and reliability of heat measurement.
[0057] The temperature measuring probe is not only used to obtain the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heating pipes, but also monitors the indoor ambient temperature in real time. These temperature data are integrated into the ultrasonic heat meter measurement algorithm in real time. For example, the ambient temperature information is fully utilized in the temperature compensation model and heat calculation process, so that the entire measurement system can better adapt to the complex temperature change environment indoors, improving the stability and adaptability of the system.
[0058] The entire indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system adopts a modular design, and the ultrasonic transducer, temperature measurement probe, signal processing unit, microcontroller, display unit and other components are designed into independent modules. This design method is convenient for the installation, maintenance and upgrade of the system. When a module fails, it can be easily replaced, which reduces the maintenance cost of the system and improves the operability and service life of the system.
[0059] Embodiment 3
[0060] In order to more intuitively demonstrate the advantages of the present invention over the traditional heat meter measurement system, the following comparative tests were conducted:
[0061] Comparison of heat measurement accuracy
[0062]
[0063] Under the same heating system operating conditions, 100 heat metering measurements were performed on the traditional heat meter measurement system (including the common mechanical, electromagnetic, vortex, etc., as well as the measurement principles and methods adopted by well-known brands such as Landis heat meter, Kamstrup heat meter and other products) and the measurement system implemented by two different algorithms of the present invention. The results show that the average heat metering error of the measurement system of the present invention is significantly lower than that of the traditional heat meter measurement system, and the standard deviation is also smaller, indicating that the present invention can more accurately measure the heat consumption of the indoor heating system and improve the heat metering accuracy.
[0064] System stability comparison
[0065]
[0066] During the test of continuous operation for 1000 hours, the stability of the traditional heat meter measurement system (covering various common traditional heat meter products and well-known brand products) and the measurement system of the present invention were compared. The results show that the number of failures of the measurement system of the present invention is significantly less than that of the traditional heat meter measurement system, and the average failure interval is longer, which shows that the innovations of the present invention such as real-time temperature monitoring and algorithm integration and modular system design have effectively enhanced the stability of the system and reduced the possibility of system failure.
[0067] System adaptability comparison
[0068]
[0069] Tests were conducted in different temperature fluctuation environments and different noise interference environments, and the number of times each measurement system can effectively measure heat was counted. The results show that the number of effective measurement times of the measurement system of the present invention in different temperature fluctuation environments and different noise interference environments is significantly higher than that of the traditional heat meter measurement system, indicating that the measurement system and algorithm of the present invention can better adapt to different indoor heating system working conditions and improve the adaptability of the system.
[0070] Comparison of fairness of heat metering charges
[0071]
[0072] The fairness of heat metering charges is evaluated by comprehensively considering factors such as user complaint rate, actual cost and expected cost deviation. The results show that after the measurement system of the present invention adopts the new temperature measuring probe and the "household-factory heat metering, temperature difference heat sharing" mode, the charging fairness evaluation index is significantly better than the traditional heat meter measurement system, indicating that the present invention can achieve more fair and reasonable heat metering charges, and improve the fairness and rationality of charges.
Claims
1. An indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system, characterized in that: It includes an ultrasonic transducer, a temperature measuring probe, a signal processing unit, a microcontroller and a display unit. The temperature measuring probe is set to two, which are respectively used to collect the temperature near the water inlet and outlet of the heating pipe. The system adopts an ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation or an ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering to calculate heat, and also includes a temperature measuring probe that can measure indoor and outdoor temperatures. The temperature measuring probe is connected to the heat meter through a soft wire with a length of 3 meters to 10 meters.
2. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation includes: measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic waves in the downstream and upstream directions, establishing a temperature compensation model according to the influence of temperature on the ultrasonic propagation speed, and calculating the heat consumption of the indoor heating system by combining the ultrasonic propagation speed after temperature compensation and the fluid flow rate.
3. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering includes: using an adaptive filtering algorithm to process the original ultrasonic signal, making the output signal as close to the ideal signal as possible by continuously adjusting the filter weight coefficient, and calculating the heat consumption of the indoor heating system based on the filtered ultrasonic signal.
4. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature measuring probe is also used to monitor the indoor ambient temperature in real time, and the system incorporates the indoor ambient temperature data into the heat calculation algorithm.
5. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement system according to claim 1 is characterized in that The system transmits and receives ultrasonic signals in the heating pipe through an ultrasonic transducer, and measures the propagation time t1 and t2 of the ultrasonic wave in the downstream and upstream directions. According to the ultrasonic propagation principle, in a stationary fluid, the ultrasonic wave propagation velocity v and the fluid flow velocity u have the following relationship: Where L is the path length of ultrasonic wave propagation in the pipe. By measuring t1 and t2, the fluid flow rate u is calculated. A temperature compensation model is established. It is known that the ultrasonic wave propagation speed v in the medium approximately satisfies the following relationship with the temperature T: v(T)=vo(1+α(T-To)), where vo is the ultrasonic wave propagation speed at the reference temperature T, and α is the temperature coefficient. The ultrasonic wave propagation speeds vin and vout at the inlet water temperature Tin and the outlet water temperature Tout are calculated respectively. According to the heat star calculation formula Q=mcAT, where Q is heat, m is the fluid mass flow rate, c is the fluid specific heat capacity, AT=Tin-Tout, the mass flow rate m is calculated by combining the previously calculated fluid flow rate u and the ultrasonic wave propagation speeds vin and vout after temperature compensation, and then the heat consumption Q of the indoor heating system is accurately calculated.
6. A method for measuring indoor temperature using an ultrasonic heat meter, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) System initialization; (2) Temperature data collection; (3) Ultrasonic signal acquisition and processing; (4) Calorie calculation; (5)Results display.
7. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the temperature data collection step, the collected temperatures include the water inlet temperature and water outlet temperature of the heating pipe, as well as the indoor ambient temperature and the indoor and outdoor temperatures.
8. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the ultrasonic signal collection and processing step, an adaptive filtering algorithm is used to process the original ultrasonic signal.
9. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the heat calculation step, the heat consumption of the indoor heating system is calculated according to an ultrasonic heat measurement algorithm based on dual-probe temperature compensation or an ultrasonic signal processing algorithm based on adaptive filtering.
10. The indoor temperature ultrasonic heat meter measurement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: First, the ultrasonic transducer collects the original ultrasonic signal x(n), and the temperature measurement probe collects relevant temperature data; then, the original ultrasonic signal α(n) is input into the adaptive filter, and the signal is processed according to the above-mentioned adaptive filtering model and LMS algorithm to obtain a filtered output signal (n); then, the ultrasonic propagation time parameter is accurately measured according to the filtered signal, and the heat consumption Q is calculated in combination with the temperature data; finally, the result of the heat consumption Q is displayed on the display unit.