Switching circuit, load switch and vehicle
By adding an auxiliary discharge module to the load switch, additional discharge branches are provided, which solves the problem of slow storage capacitor consumption when the load consumes a small current, and realizes rapid power-down of the load voltage, meets the power-down timing requirements, and reduces the power-down speed. Hardware costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310749243.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-21
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing load switches consume less current and the power consumption of storage capacitors is slow, making it difficult for the load voltage to meet the down-sequence requirements.
By adding at least one auxiliary discharge module, an additional discharge branch is provided to increase the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, so that the load voltage can meet the power-down timing requirements.
When the load current consumption is small, the auxiliary discharge module accelerates the power consumption of the storage capacitor, improves the load power down speed, meets the power down timing requirements, and reduces the hardware cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN119182285A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a switch circuit, a load switch and a vehicle. Background Art
[0002] In the design of vehicle terminals, some loads have strict timing requirements for powering on and off. Therefore, a load switch is often set between different loads on the same power rail to match the power-on and power-off timing between different loads on the same power rail.
[0003] In the existing load switch solution, the storage capacitor in the load switch is discharged only through the load. Therefore, when the load current consumption is small, the power consumption of the storage capacitor is slow, which makes the load power-off time longer, resulting in the load voltage being difficult to meet the power-off timing requirements. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a switching circuit, a load switch and a vehicle. By adding at least one auxiliary discharge module, at least one additional discharge branch is added to the storage capacitor during the discharge process, thereby effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor. As a result, when the load current consumption is small, the power consumption of the storage capacitor is accelerated, and the load voltage can meet the power-off timing.
[0005] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a switch circuit, including: a control module, a switch module, at least one auxiliary discharge module and a storage capacitor;
[0006] The control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the control signal output end of the control module and the start control end of the auxiliary discharge module respectively; the input end of the switch module is electrically connected to the power input end, the output end of the switch module is electrically connected to the first end of the auxiliary discharge module, the first end of the storage capacitor and the power output end respectively, and the second end of the auxiliary discharge module and the second end of the storage capacitor are grounded;
[0007] The control module is used to output a switch-on signal or a switch-off signal to the switch module; under the action of the switch-on signal, when the switch module is turned on, the switch circuit is turned on, and the first voltage at the control end of the switch module puts the auxiliary discharge module in a closed state; under the action of the switch-off signal, when the switch module is turned off, the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage at the control end of the switch module puts the auxiliary discharge module in an open state, wherein, in the open state, the storage capacitor is discharged through the auxiliary discharge module and the load.
[0008] Optionally, the switch module includes a power switch; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch reaches the turn-on voltage of the power switch, the switch module is turned on; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch, the switch module is turned off.
[0009] Optionally, the auxiliary discharge module includes a discharge resistor and a first switch connected in series, and a control end of the first switch is a start control end of the auxiliary discharge module.
[0010] Optionally, the first end of the discharge resistor is the first end of the auxiliary discharge module, the second end of the discharge resistor is connected to the first end of the first switch, and the second end of the first switch is the second end of the auxiliary discharge module.
[0011] Optionally, the resistance value of the discharge resistor satisfies the following conditions: between the first discharge moment and the second discharge moment, the storage capacitor completes powering off the load, wherein the first discharge moment is less than the second discharge moment, and the difference between the second discharge moment and the first discharge moment meets the power-off timing requirements.
[0012] Optionally, the control module includes a second switch, a first end of the second switch is a control signal output end of the control module, a second end of the second switch is grounded, and a control end of the second switch is connected to a control signal source.
[0013] Optionally, the second switch is an NPN transistor, the collector of the NPN transistor is the first end of the second switch, and the emitter of the NPN transistor is the second end of the second switch;
[0014] The control module also includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the control signal source, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the base of the NPN transistor and the first end of the second resistor respectively, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.
[0015] Optionally, the power switch is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor PMOSFET, and the switch module further includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a soft start capacitor;
[0016] The first end of the third resistor, the first end of the soft-start capacitor and the source of the PMOSFET are all electrically connected to the power input terminal, the second end of the third resistor, the second end of the soft-start capacitor and the gate of the PMOSFET are all electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is the control end of the switch module, and the drain of the PMOSFET is electrically connected to the power output terminal.
[0017] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a load switch, comprising a switch circuit as described in any one of the above.
[0018] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, comprising the load switch as described above.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages:
[0020] In the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control signal output end of the control module outputs a switch-on signal to the control end of the switch module. Under the action of the switch-on signal, the switch module is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on, and the power supply can be output from the power output end via the power input end and the switch module. The first voltage of the control end of the switch module makes the auxiliary discharge module in a closed state, and the power input end also charges the storage capacitor. The control signal output end of the control module outputs a switch-off signal to the control end of the switch module. Under the action of the switch-off signal, the switch module is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage of the control end of the switch module makes the auxiliary discharge module in an open state. When the auxiliary discharge module is in the open state, the storage capacitor can be discharged simultaneously through the auxiliary discharge module and the load. The technical solution disclosed in the present disclosure increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, and then accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. Furthermore, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention does not require the auxiliary discharge module to be controlled by an additionally connected control device. Instead, under the action of a switch-on signal, a first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of a switch-off signal, a second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module and reducing hardware costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0027] Figure 5 A discharge simulation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0030] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0032] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of another switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0035] In the design of vehicle-mounted terminals, the power-on and power-off of some loads (such as Bluetooth modules and Ethernet modules, etc.) have strict timing requirements, so a load switch is often set between different loads on the same power rail to match the power-on and power-off timing between different loads on the same power rail. The present disclosure provides a switch circuit, a load switch and a vehicle. By adding at least one auxiliary discharge module, at least one additional discharge branch is added to the storage capacitor during the discharge process, which effectively improves the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, and the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements.
[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the switch circuit includes: a control module 100, a switch module 200, at least one auxiliary discharge module 300 and a storage capacitor C1;
[0037] The control end 201 of the switch module 200 is electrically connected to the control signal output end 101 of the control module 100 and the start control end 301 of the auxiliary discharge module 300 respectively; the input end 202 of the switch module 200 is electrically connected to the power input end 501, the output end 203 of the switch module 200 is electrically connected to the first end 302 of the auxiliary discharge module 300, the first end 401 of the storage capacitor C1 and the power output end 502 respectively, and the second end 102 of the control module 100, the second end 303 of the auxiliary discharge module 300 and the second end 402 of the storage capacitor C1 are grounded. The control module 100 is used to output a switch-on signal or a switch-off signal to the switch module 200; under the action of the switch-on signal, when the switch module 200 is turned on, the switch circuit is turned on, and the first voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 puts the auxiliary discharge module in a closed state; under the action of the switch-off signal, when the switch module 200 is turned off, the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 puts the auxiliary discharge module 300 in an open state, wherein, in the open state, the storage capacitor C1 discharges the storage capacitor C1 through the auxiliary discharge module 300 and the load (the electrical equipment connected to the power output terminal 502).
[0038] In some embodiments, the switch module 200 includes a power switch 210 ; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-on voltage of the power switch 210 , the switch module 200 is turned on; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch 210 , the switch module 200 is turned off.
[0039] Specifically, the control end 103 of the control module 100 is electrically connected to the control signal source 600. When the control end 103 of the control module 100 receives the control on signal sent by the control signal source 600, the control signal output end 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch on signal to the control end 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch on signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the on voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on. The power supply can be output from the power output end 502 via the power input end 501 and the power switch 210. The first voltage of the control end 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in a closed state. At the same time, the power input end 501 also charges the storage capacitor C1. The control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch-off signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch-off signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in the on state. When the auxiliary discharge module 300 is in the on state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the auxiliary discharge module 300. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, and then when the load current consumption is small, the power consumption of the storage capacitor is accelerated, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. Furthermore, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention does not require the auxiliary discharge module to be controlled by an additionally connected control device. Instead, under the action of a switch-on signal, a first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of a switch-off signal, a second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module and reducing hardware costs.
[0040] Figure 2 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary discharge module includes a discharge resistor R0 and a first switch 310 connected in series, and a control terminal 311 of the first switch 310 is a start control terminal of the auxiliary discharge module.
[0041] Specifically, the auxiliary discharge module 300 includes a discharge resistor R0 and a first switch 310 connected in series, wherein a control terminal 311 of the first switch 310 is electrically connected to the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 and the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 respectively.
[0042] For example, Figure 3Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the switch circuit can also include multiple auxiliary discharge modules arranged in parallel. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding multiple auxiliary discharge modules, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the disclosed technical solution does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs.
[0043] It should be noted that Figure 3 Only two auxiliary discharge modules are shown in parallel for exemplary purposes. The specific number of auxiliary discharge modules can be set according to actual application conditions and is not specifically limited here.
[0044] For example, Figure 4 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary discharge module may also include a plurality of discharge electronic resistors R01 and a first switch 310, wherein the plurality of discharge electronic resistors R01 are arranged in parallel. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by additionally adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the disclosed technical solution does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs. In addition, the parallel arrangement of multiple discharge electronic resistors can increase the discharge power, thereby increasing the discharge rate.
[0045] In some embodiments, see Figure 2The first end 321 of the discharge resistor R0 is the first end of the auxiliary discharge module, the second end 322 of the discharge resistor R0 is connected to the first end 312 of the first switch 310, and the second end 312 of the first switch 310 is the second end of the auxiliary discharge module. With such a configuration, it is easy to ensure that the first switch 310 is stably in the on state after being turned on by designing component parameters, thereby avoiding affecting the discharge speed of the storage capacitor.
[0046] Specifically, the auxiliary discharge module 300 includes a discharge resistor R0 and a first switch 310 arranged in series, wherein the control end 311 of the first switch 310 is electrically connected to the control signal output end 101 of the control module 100 and the control end 201 of the switch module 200, respectively, and the first end 312 of the first switch 310 is electrically connected to the output end 203 of the switch module 200, the first end 401 of the storage capacitor C1 and the power supply output end 502 through the discharge resistor R0, and the second end 313 of the first switch 310 is grounded.
[0047] The control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch-on signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch-on signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the on-voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on. The power supply can be output from the power output terminal 502 via the power input terminal 501 and the power switch 210. The first voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the first switch 310 in a closed state. At the same time, the power input terminal 501 also charges the storage capacitor C1. The control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch-off signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch-off signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the off-voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off. The second voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the first switch 310 in an on state. When the first switch 310 is in the on state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the discharge resistor R0 and the first switch 310. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the disclosed technical solution does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs.
[0048] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the discharge resistor satisfies the following conditions: between the first discharge time and the second discharge time, the storage capacitor completes powering off the load, wherein the first discharge time is less than the second discharge time, and the difference between the second discharge time and the first discharge time satisfies the power-off timing requirement. Thus, by setting the resistance value of the discharge resistor, the power-off time of the storage capacitor for the load can meet the power-off timing requirement.
[0049] Specifically, the resistance value R of the discharge resistor satisfies the following relationship:
[0050]
[0051] Wherein, t1 is the first discharge time, t2 is the second discharge time, and t1<t2; C1 is the capacitance value of the storage capacitor; and D% is the percentage of the voltage of the storage capacitor when power-off is completed to the initial voltage of the storage capacitor.
[0052] For example, when t1=0.5ms, t2=1.5ms, D%=10%, C1=4.7μF, the above values are substituted into the corresponding relationship of the resistance value R of the above discharge resistor, and the approximate value range of the resistance value R of the discharge resistor can be obtained as 46.2Ω<R<138.6Ω. Based on the relationship satisfied by the resistance value R of the above discharge resistor, the resistance value R of the discharge resistor can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the switching circuit, thereby achieving controllable power-off time.
[0053] Figure 5 A discharge simulation diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure shows that when the resistance value of the discharge resistor R=100Ω, D%=10%, and C1=4.7μF, the power-off time can be calculated to be 1.08ms. Figure 5 It can be seen intuitively that when the storage capacitor of the present solution can be powered off earlier, that is, when the voltage in the storage capacitor in the simulation curve 702 of the present solution has dropped to 0V, the simulation curve 701 of the prior art has just started to drop. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, and further accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements.
[0054] Figure 6 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the first switch is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor NMOSFET Q1.
[0055] Specifically, the first switch is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor NMOSFET Q1, the gate of the NMOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 and the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200, the drain of the NMOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal 203 of the switch module 200, the first terminal 401 of the storage capacitor C1 and the power output terminal 502 through the discharge resistor R0, and the source of the NMOSFET Q1 is grounded.
[0056] The control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch-on signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch-on signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-on voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on, and the power can be output from the power output terminal 502 via the power input terminal 501 and the power switch 210. At the same time, the power input terminal 501 also charges the storage capacitor C1. The first voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 does not meet the turn-on voltage of the NMOSFET Q1, so that the NMOSFET Q1 is in a closed state. The control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs a switch-off signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the switch-off signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off. At this time, the control end of the switch module 200 is electrically connected to the power input end 501, and the second voltage of the control end 201 of the switch module 200 meets the conduction voltage of the NMOSFET Q1, so that the NMOSFET Q1 is in the conduction state. When the NMOSFET Q1 is in the conduction state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the discharge resistor R0 and the NMOSFET Q1 that is turned on and connected to the ground. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs.
[0057] Figure 7 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 7As shown, the control module 100 includes a second switch 110, a first end 111 of the second switch 110 is a control signal output end 101 of the control module 100, the first end 111 of the second switch 110 is electrically connected to the control end 201 of the switch module 200 and the start control end 301 of the auxiliary discharge module 300, respectively, a second end 112 of the second switch 110 is grounded, and the control end of the second switch 110 is connected to the control signal source 600. At this time, when the second switch 110 is turned on, the control module 100 inputs a switch-on signal to the switch module 200 through the first end of the second switch 110, and the switch-on signal is a ground signal; similarly, when the second switch 110 is turned off, the control module 100 inputs a switch-off signal to the switch module 200 through the first end of the second switch 110, and the switch-off signal is an open-circuit signal.
[0058] Specifically, the control terminal 113 of the second switch 110 is electrically connected to the control signal source 600, the first terminal of the second switch 110 is electrically connected to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200, and the second terminal 112 of the second switch 110 is grounded. When the control terminal 113 of the second switch 110 receives the control on signal sent by the control signal source 600, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 112 of the second switch 110 are turned on, and the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 is grounded, and a ground signal is output to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the ground signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the on voltage of the power switch 210, and the power switch 210 is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on, and the power can be output from the power output terminal 502 via the power input terminal 501 and the power switch 210. The first voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in a closed state, and the power input terminal 501 also charges the storage capacitor C1. When the control signal source 600 stops sending the control conduction signal to the control terminal 113 of the second switch 110, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 112 of the second switch 110 are disconnected, and the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs an open circuit signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200. Under the action of the open circuit signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in the on state. When the auxiliary discharge module 300 is in the on state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the auxiliary discharge module 300. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, and then accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. Furthermore, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention does not require the auxiliary discharge module to be controlled by an additionally connected control device. Instead, under the action of a switch-on signal, a first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of a switch-off signal, a second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module and reducing hardware costs.
[0059] Figure 8 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Figure 8As shown, the second switch is an NPN transistor Q2, the collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is the first end of the second switch, and the emitter of the NPN transistor is the second end of the second switch; the control module also includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control signal source, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the base of the NPN transistor Q2 and the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.
[0060] Specifically, the second switch is an NPN transistor Q2, the base of the NPN transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the control signal source through the first resistor R1, the control signal source is a voltage source, and the base of the NPN transistor Q2 is also grounded by the second resistor R2. The collector of the NPN transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 and the start control terminal 301 of the auxiliary discharge module 300, respectively, and the emitter of the NPN transistor Q2 is grounded.
[0061] When the base of the NPN transistor Q2 receives the control on signal from the control signal source, the NPN transistor Q2 is turned on, and the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 is grounded through the NPN transistor Q2, that is, the NPN transistor Q2 outputs a ground signal to the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 through the collector. Under the action of the ground signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the on-voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned on, so that the switch circuit is turned on, and the power can be output from the power output terminal 502 via the power input terminal 501 and the power switch 210. The first voltage of the control terminal 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in a closed state, and the power input terminal 501 also charges the storage capacitor C1. When the control signal source stops sending the control conduction signal to the base of the NPN transistor Q2, the NPN transistor Q2 is disconnected, and the control end 201 of the switch module 200 receives the open circuit signal, that is, the control end 201 of the switch module 200 is open. Under the action of the open circuit signal, the gate-source voltage of the power switch 210 reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch 210. At this time, the power switch 210 is turned off, so that the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage of the control end 201 of the switch module 200 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in the on state. When the auxiliary discharge module 300 is in the on state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the auxiliary discharge module 300. The technical solution disclosed in the present invention increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, and then accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. Furthermore, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention does not require the auxiliary discharge module to be controlled by an additionally connected control device. Instead, under the action of a switch-on signal, a first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of a switch-off signal, a second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module and reducing hardware costs.
[0062] Fig. 9 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Fig. 9As shown, the power switch is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor PMOSFET Q3, and the switch module also includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a soft start capacitor C2; the first end of the third resistor R3, the first end of the soft start capacitor C2 and the source of the PMOSFET Q3 are all electrically connected to the power input terminal 501, the second end of the third resistor R3, the second end of the soft start capacitor C2 and the gate of the PMOSFET Q3 are all electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor R4, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is the control end of the switch module, and the drain of the PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the power output terminal 502.
[0063] Specifically, the power switch is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor PMOSFET Q3. The source of the PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the first end of the third resistor R3, the first end of the soft start capacitor C2, and the power input terminal 501, the drain of the PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the first end 302 of the auxiliary discharge module 300, the first end 401 of the storage capacitor C1, and the power output terminal 502, the gate of the PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the second end of the third resistor R3, the second end of the soft start capacitor C2, and the first end of the fourth resistor R4, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 and the start control terminal 301 of the auxiliary discharge module 300.
[0064] When the control terminal 113 of the second switch 110 receives the control on signal from the control signal source 600, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 112 of the second switch 110 are turned on. At this time, the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 is grounded, that is, the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, and the external power supply, the third resistor R3, the soft start capacitor C2, the fourth resistor R4 and the ground form a power-on loop. The external power supply charges the soft start capacitor C2. At this time, the voltage difference across the soft start capacitor C2 can reach the turn-on voltage of the PMOSFETQ3, the PMOSFET Q3 is turned on, the power input terminal 501 is connected to the power output terminal 502, and the first voltage (i.e. 0V) at the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in the off state. At the same time, the external power supply also charges the storage capacitor C1 via the power input terminal 501. When the control signal source 600 stops sending the control conduction signal to the control terminal 113 of the second switch 110, the first terminal 111 and the second terminal 112 of the second switch 110 are disconnected, and the control signal output terminal 101 of the control module 100 outputs an open circuit signal. Under the action of the open circuit signal, the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is disconnected from the ground, that is, the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is open, the third resistor R3 and the soft start capacitor C2 form a discharge loop, the soft start capacitor C2 starts to discharge, and the voltage difference between the two ends of C2 gradually decreases to reach the turn-off voltage of the PMOSFET Q3. At this time, the PMOSFET Q3 is turned off, the power input terminal 501 is disconnected from the power output terminal 502, and the second voltage of the second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 (that is, the voltage of the second terminal of the soft start capacitor C2) makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in the on state. When the auxiliary discharge module 300 is in the on state, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the auxiliary discharge module 300. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the disclosed technical solution does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs.
[0065] It should be noted that the fourth resistor R4 may be disposed at other locations that conform to circuit principles, which is not specifically limited here.
[0066] Based on the above embodiments, Fig.10 Another switch circuit schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows: Fig.10 As shown, the switch circuit includes NMOSFET Q1, NPN transistor Q2, PMOSFET Q3, storage capacitor C1, soft start capacitor C2, discharge resistor R0, first resistor R1, second resistor R2, third resistor R3 and fourth resistor R4.
[0067] The specific connection method is as follows: the gate of NMOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the gate of PMOSFET Q3 through the fourth resistor R4, the gate of NMOSFET Q1 is also electrically connected to the collector of NPN transistor Q2, the drain of NMOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the first end 401 of storage capacitor C1, the drain of PMOSFET Q3 and the power output terminal 502 through the discharge resistor R0, and the source of NMOSFET Q1 is grounded. The base of NPN transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the control signal source 600 through the first resistor R1, the base of NPN transistor Q2 is also grounded through the second resistor R2, and the emitter of NPN transistor Q2 is grounded. The source of PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the first end of the third resistor R3, the first end of soft start capacitor C2 and the power input terminal 501, and the gate of PMOSFET Q3 is electrically connected to the second end of the third resistor R3 and the second end of soft start capacitor C2. The second end 402 of storage capacitor C1 is grounded.
[0068] The base of the NPN transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the control signal source 600 through the first resistor R1. When the base of the NPN transistor Q2 receives the control turn-on signal sent by the control signal source 600, the NPN transistor Q2 is turned on, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, the external power supply, the third resistor R3, the soft start capacitor C2, the fourth resistor R4 and the ground form a power-on loop, and the external power supply charges the soft start capacitor C2. At this time, the voltage difference across the soft start capacitor C2 can reach the turn-on voltage of the PMOSFET Q3, the PMOSFET Q3 is turned on, the power input terminal 501 is connected to the power output terminal 502, and the first voltage (i.e., 0V) at the second end of the fourth resistor R4 makes the auxiliary discharge module 300 in a closed state. At the same time, the external power supply also charges the storage capacitor C1 via the power input terminal 501. When the control signal source 600 stops sending the control conduction signal to the base of the NPN transistor Q2, the emitter and collector of the NPN transistor Q2 are disconnected, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is disconnected from the ground, that is, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is open, and the third resistor R3 and the soft start capacitor C2 form a discharge loop, and the soft start capacitor C2 begins to discharge. The voltage difference across C2 gradually decreases and reaches the turn-off voltage of the PMOSFET Q3. At this time, the PMOSFET Q3 is turned off, the power input terminal 501 is disconnected from the power output terminal 502, and the second voltage at the second end of the fourth resistor R4 (that is, the voltage at the second end of the soft start capacitor C2) turns on the NMOSFET Q1. When the NMOSFET Q1 is turned on, the storage capacitor C1 can be discharged through the discharge resistor R0 and the NMOSFET Q1. The disclosed technical solution increases the discharge path of the storage capacitor by adding an auxiliary discharge module, effectively improving the discharge speed of the storage capacitor, thereby accelerating the power consumption of the storage capacitor when the load current consumption is small, thereby improving the power-off speed of the load, so that the load voltage can meet the power-off timing requirements. In addition, the disclosed technical solution does not need to control the auxiliary discharge module through an additionally connected control device, but under the action of the switch conduction signal, the first voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned off, and under the action of the switch off signal, the second voltage formed by the control end of the switch module controls the auxiliary discharge module to be turned on, thereby realizing passive control of the auxiliary discharge module, thereby reducing hardware costs.
[0069] The present disclosure also provides a load switch, including the switch circuit provided by any embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the load switch can be obtained by further processing the switch circuit through electrical insulation and packaging processes, and the load switch can include a housing and a switch circuit disposed in the housing.
[0070] The beneficial effects of the load switch of the embodiment of the present disclosure are the same as the beneficial effects of the embodiment described above, please refer to the above for understanding.
[0071] The embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a vehicle, comprising the load switch provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0072] The beneficial effects of the vehicle of the disclosed embodiment are the same as the beneficial effects of the embodiment described above, please refer to the above for understanding.
[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.
[0074] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A switching circuit, characterized in that: include: A control module, a switch module, at least one auxiliary discharge module and a storage capacitor; The control end of the switch module is electrically connected to the control signal output end of the control module and the start control end of the auxiliary discharge module respectively; the input end of the switch module is electrically connected to the power input end, the output end of the switch module is electrically connected to the first end of the auxiliary discharge module, the first end of the storage capacitor and the power output end respectively, and the second end of the auxiliary discharge module and the second end of the storage capacitor are grounded; The control module is used to output a switch-on signal or a switch-off signal to the switch module; under the action of the switch-on signal, when the switch module is turned on, the switch circuit is turned on, and the first voltage at the control end of the switch module puts the auxiliary discharge module in a closed state; under the action of the switch-off signal, when the switch module is turned off, the switch circuit is turned off, and the second voltage at the control end of the switch module puts the auxiliary discharge module in an open state, wherein, in the open state, the storage capacitor is discharged through the auxiliary discharge module and the load.
2. The switch circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch module includes a power switch; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch reaches the turn-on voltage of the power switch, the switch module is turned on; when the gate-source voltage of the power switch reaches the turn-off voltage of the power switch, the switch module is turned off.
3. The switch circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary discharge module includes a discharge resistor and a first switch connected in series, and a control end of the first switch is a start control end of the auxiliary discharge module.
4. The switch circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first end of the discharge resistor is the first end of the auxiliary discharge module, the second end of the discharge resistor is connected to the first end of the first switch, and the second end of the first switch is the second end of the auxiliary discharge module.
5. The switch circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance value of the discharge resistor satisfies the following condition: between the first discharge moment and the second discharge moment, the storage capacitor completes powering off the load, wherein the first discharge moment is less than the second discharge moment, and the difference between the second discharge moment and the first discharge moment meets the power-off timing requirement.
6. The switch circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module comprises a second switch, a first end of the second switch is a control signal output end of the control module, a second end of the second switch is grounded, and a control end of the second switch is connected to a control signal source.
7. The switch circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second switch is an NPN transistor, the collector of the NPN transistor is the first end of the second switch, and the emitter of the NPN transistor is the second end of the second switch; The control module also includes a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the control signal source, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the base of the NPN transistor and the first end of the second resistor respectively, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.
8. The switch circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power switch is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor PMOSFET, and the switch module also includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor and a soft start capacitor; The first end of the third resistor, the first end of the soft-start capacitor and the source of the PMOSFET are all electrically connected to the power input terminal, the second end of the third resistor, the second end of the soft-start capacitor and the gate of the PMOSFET are all electrically connected to the first end of the fourth resistor, the second end of the fourth resistor is the control end of the switch module, and the drain of the PMOSFET is electrically connected to the power output terminal.
9. A load switch, characterized in that: The invention comprises a switching circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the load switch as claimed in claim 9.