Photovoltaic module and four-crystal silicon solar cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic module which comprises a support, a fixing rod, a frame, an upper cover plate, an upper EVA film, a lower EVA film, a back plate and a junction box and further comprises a flexible sleeve, a pushing mechanism, a protruding block, an extension mechanism and a straight rod. The protruding block is connected with the pushing mechanism, the extension mechanism is connected with the pushing mechanism, the straight rod is connected with the extension mechanism, the protruding block is pushed through the pushing mechanism after the flexible sleeve is pressed, and meanwhile the straight rod is pushed outwards through the extension mechanism to be flush with the top end of the flexible sleeve tending to be flat. By increasing the width of the frame, the two feet of a maintainer are prevented from stepping on the upper cover plate, so that stress borne by the four crystalline silicon solar cell panels can be reduced, hidden cracks of the four crystalline silicon solar cell panels can be avoided, and normal use of the four crystalline silicon solar cell panels can be prevented from being affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a tetracrystalline silicon solar cell. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules (or photovoltaic panels) are devices that connect multiple silicon solar cells together to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Silicon solar cells refer to solar cells with silicon as the base material. Silicon solar cells include four-crystal silicon solar cells. Four-crystal silicon solar cells (four-junction solar cells) refer to photovoltaic cells stacked with four different semiconductor materials. Each layer of these materials has a different band gap so that they can effectively absorb light of different wavelengths, thereby improving the overall energy conversion efficiency.

[0003] In order to save energy, many people choose to install photovoltaic modules on the roof to convert light energy into electrical energy. In order to facilitate the installation of quad-crystalline silicon solar cells, grooves are opened in the frame, and then the quad-crystalline silicon solar cells are installed in the grooves, resulting in the frame of the photovoltaic module being higher than the quad-crystalline silicon solar cells, resulting in a height difference between the quad-crystalline silicon solar cells and the frame, causing some rainwater to be unable to be drained away. When the rainwater evaporates, the particles in the rainwater will be deposited. Over time, there will be more and more dust on the photovoltaic modules, resulting in an increasingly larger area of ​​the quad-crystalline silicon solar cells being blocked, which will easily cause hot spots and affect the normal use of the photovoltaic modules.

[0004] In response to the above problems, the prior art provides a solution. For example, patent application No. 202210039408.4 provides a water guide support system for a frameless photovoltaic module. The frameless photovoltaic module is sealed and connected in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively, so that the frameless photovoltaic module can be quickly assembled. At the same time, the sealing connection of the photovoltaic module is achieved without using the existing buckle cover, achieving the assembly effect of "invisible frame", preventing the problem of dust accumulation caused by conventional frame water blocking, and will not affect the power generation performance of the photovoltaic module. In the prior art, although it can prevent dust in rainwater from remaining on the photovoltaic module, there will still be other abnormalities. Objects fall on the surface of photovoltaic modules and block the solar cells, resulting in hot spots. Once it is detected that the photovoltaic modules are not operating normally, maintenance is required. Due to the limited area of ​​the roof, in order to install as many photovoltaic modules as possible, the distance between photovoltaic modules will be reduced. When the faulty photovoltaic module is located in the middle area, it is necessary to walk on the frame of the photovoltaic module. Since the frame of the photovoltaic module is narrow, even if you step on the frame of two adjacent photovoltaic modules, it is still not possible to meet the conditions for maintenance personnel to stand. Once the maintenance personnel lose their balance when walking on the frame, they are likely to step on the solar panel, causing hidden cracks in the solar panel, affecting the normal use of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] To this end, a photovoltaic module and a four-crystalline silicon solar cell are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module and a four-crystal silicon solar cell, which solves the problem that in the prior art, when a hidden danger of hot spots in the photovoltaic module is detected, the photovoltaic module needs to be stepped on for maintenance, which easily exerts pressure on the solar cell due to stepping on the upper cover, causing hidden cracks in the solar cell. By pushing the straight rod out from the frame, the width of the frame can be indirectly increased when stepping on the frame, which can prevent the maintenance personnel from stepping on the upper cover. At the same time, the photovoltaic module is separated from the fixed rod by stepping on it, which can avoid bending over to tighten the bolts, thereby avoiding damage caused by slipping on the photovoltaic module due to unstable center of gravity when bending over.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A photovoltaic assembly comprises a bracket, a fixing rod, a frame, an upper cover plate, an upper EVA film, a lower EVA film, a back plate and a junction box, and also comprises a flexible sleeve, a pushing mechanism, a protrusion, an extension mechanism and a straight rod, wherein the flexible sleeve is installed on the top of the frame, the pushing mechanism is connected to the flexible sleeve, the protrusion is connected to the pushing mechanism, the extension mechanism is connected to the pushing mechanism, and the straight rod is connected to the extension mechanism; when the flexible sleeve is subjected to pressure, the extension mechanism pushes the straight rod outward until the top of the straight rod is flush with the top of the flexible sleeve which tends to be flat; when the flexible sleeve is subjected to pressure, the protrusion is pushed by the pushing mechanism to connect with the extension mechanism and provide support.

[0009] In the above scheme, when the flexible sleeve is stepped on, the pushing mechanism can squeeze the protrusion, and then drive the extension mechanism to operate and push the straight rod to extend outward, thereby increasing the area between the frame and the straight rod, which can increase the contact area of ​​the feet of the maintenance personnel, and can prevent the feet of the maintenance personnel from stepping on the four-crystalline silicon solar cells, and can protect the four-crystalline silicon solar cells and avoid hidden cracks in the four-crystalline silicon solar cells.

[0010] Optionally, when stepping on the flexible sleeve, the distance between the two ends of the flexible sleeve can be controlled to be adjusted following the stepping of the maintenance personnel to ensure that the flexible sleeve can always fit the soles of the maintenance personnel's feet. The distance between the two ends of the flexible sleeve can also be controlled to remain unchanged. As the maintenance personnel step on the sleeve, the flexible sleeve will wrinkle and deform. After long-term use, the flexible sleeve will easily break, thereby affecting the performance of the flexible sleeve. Therefore, the flexible sleeve is not stepped on in a manner that fixes the distance between the two ends of the flexible sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a push rod, a pressure block, a transverse slider, a longitudinal slider, a telescopic spring and a connecting unit, the push rod is installed at the bottom end of the flexible sleeve, the pressure block is installed on the outer wall of the push rod, a transverse groove and a longitudinal groove are respectively opened inside the frame, the transverse slider cooperates with the pressure block and is installed in the transverse groove, the protrusion is installed at one end of the transverse slider, the longitudinal slider is connected to the flexible sleeve and installed in the longitudinal groove, the telescopic spring is installed between the longitudinal groove and the longitudinal slider, and the connecting unit is connected to the transverse slider.

[0012] In the above scheme, when the maintenance personnel step on the flexible sleeve, they will squeeze the top rod, and then drive the pressure block to move downward synchronously and squeeze the lateral pressure block. The flexible sleeve can only move to both ends and has a certain rigidity. It will bend regularly but will not wrinkle. When the flexible sleeve is stepped on, it will drive the longitudinal sliders at both ends to move and squeeze the telescopic spring to achieve a buffering effect to prevent the top rod from falling quickly. At the same time, it will drive the protrusion to move and then enter the support plate to support the support plate, which can improve the supporting strength of the straight rod, prevent the straight rod from tilting downward under the action of pressure, avoid applying stress to the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body, and avoid damage to the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body.

[0013] Preferably, two top rods are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the flexible sleeve, and the distance between the two top rods is less than 22-29 cm, the length of the flexible sleeve is greater than 22-29 cm, the distance between two adjacent flexible sleeves is f, the length of the frame is g, the number of flexible sleeves is the integer part of g / f, and f is 30-50 cm.

[0014] In the above scheme, the length of an adult's foot is basically between 22 and 29 cm. The distance between the top rods is set to be smaller than this value in order to ensure that the soles of the maintenance personnel's feet can step on the two top rods at the same time, to ensure stability and prevent the maintenance personnel from falling. At the same time, the length of the flexible sleeve is set to be larger than this value in order to ensure that the soles of the maintenance personnel's feet can be completely stepped on the flexible sleeve. In addition, since the flexible sleeve is provided with inverted teeth, the friction can be increased to prevent the maintenance personnel from slipping when walking up along the photovoltaic module. The number of flexible sleeves is set because when walking on a slightly inclined photovoltaic module and the frame of the photovoltaic module is narrow, the maintenance personnel cannot move significantly. This setting can ensure the stability of the movement.

[0015] Optionally, the photovoltaic module can be installed by fixing it with bolts, or by stepping on it to clip it in. Although the bolt fixing method can be convenient during the installation stage, when the photovoltaic module fails, once the photovoltaic module needs to be disassembled for maintenance, the clips connecting the two photovoltaic modules must be removed, which will cause the other photovoltaic module to loosen. If the installation location of the photovoltaic module is relatively narrow and it is inconvenient to bend over to twist the bolts, it will increase the difficulty of maintenance, so the bolt fixing method is not adopted.

[0016] Preferably, the connecting unit includes an extrusion slider, an oblique block, a moving block, a connecting sleeve rod, a buffer spring, a connecting inner rod, a mounting block, a positioning block, a return spring and a stop block, so that the extrusion slider is installed at the bottom end of the pressing block, the oblique block cooperates with the extrusion slider, the moving block is connected to the oblique block, the connecting sleeve rod is installed at one end of the moving block, the buffer spring is installed between the transverse groove and the moving block, the connecting inner rod is installed at one end of the oblique block, the mounting block is installed at one end of the connecting sleeve rod, a slot is provided inside the mounting block, the positioning block cooperates with the connecting inner rod and is installed in the slot, the return spring is installed between the positioning block and the slot, and the stop block matches the connecting inner rod.

[0017] In the above scheme, when the push rod moves downward, it can drive the extrusion slider to move downward. When the inclined block is subjected to the extrusion force of the extrusion slider, it can drive the inclined block to squeeze the moving block, and then push the connecting inner rod. After the connecting inner rod moves a certain distance, it drives the connecting sleeve rod to move synchronously, and drives the installation block to enter the fixed rod, so as to realize the installation and positioning of the photovoltaic component, avoid the use of bolts, and facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the photovoltaic component. When moving, the connecting inner rod can squeeze the positioning block and the reset spring at the same time, squeeze the stop block out from the inside of the installation block, and cooperate with the fixed rod to realize the installation of the photovoltaic component.

[0018] Preferably, the connecting inner rod is provided with extrusion slopes on both sides of one end away from the extrusion slider, and the positioning block is provided with a pressure slope at one end. The inclination value of the extrusion slope is consistent with that of the pressure slope, and the length value of the extrusion slope is consistent with that of the pressure slope.

[0019] In the above scheme, the positioning block can be controlled to drive the stop block to move by squeezing between the inclined surfaces, and the extension length of the stop block can be adjusted. When the stop block protrudes from the mounting block, the positioning block can be locked to prevent the mounting block from falling off the fixing rod.

[0020] Preferably, an oblique groove is provided at the top of the moving block, an embedding groove is provided inside the fixing rod, and the length of the oblique groove is consistent with the depth of the embedding groove.

[0021] In the above scheme, the purpose is to achieve synchronous movement of the inclined block and the stopper.

[0022] Optionally, when inspecting photovoltaic modules, maintenance personnel may not adjust the frame width of the photovoltaic modules, or they may adjust the frame width of the photovoltaic modules. If the frame width is not adjusted, the maintenance personnel's feet may easily step on the upper cover plate, and then indirectly step on the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body through force conduction, exerting pressure on the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body, causing the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body to be prone to hidden cracks. Therefore, the method of fixing the frame of the photovoltaic module for stepping is not adopted.

[0023] Preferably, the extension mechanism includes a connecting plate, a connecting spring, a support plate, a lower guide block, a damping spring and an upper guide block. A mounting groove is provided inside the frame, and the bottom end of the top rod passes through the mounting groove. The connecting plate is installed at the bottom end of the top rod, and the connecting spring is installed between the top end of the connecting plate and the top end of the mounting groove. The support plate is installed inside the mounting groove and cooperates with the connecting plate. The straight rod is installed at one end of the support plate. A movable groove is provided at the bottom end of the inner wall of the mounting groove, the support plate and the straight rod. The lower guide block is installed at the bottom end of the support plate and matches the movable groove of the inner wall of the mounting groove. The damping spring is installed between the movable groove and the lower guide block. The upper guide block is installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove and matches the movable grooves in the support plate and the straight rod.

[0024] In the above scheme, when the top rod is subjected to downward pressure, it will drive the connecting plate to move synchronously and squeeze the support plate. The support plate will move obliquely in the installation groove, and at the same time can drive the straight rod to move synchronously until the top of the straight rod is flush with the top of the flexible sleeve that tends to be flat. Then, it can support the soles of the feet of the maintenance personnel, extend the width of the frame, increase the contact area between the frame and the soles of the feet of the maintenance personnel, and achieve a better supporting effect.

[0025] Preferably, a moving groove connected to the mounting groove and the movable groove is opened inside the frame, and the moving groove cooperates with the support plate, and the inclination angles of the moving groove and the support plate are both 30 degrees.

[0026] In the above scheme, the feet of the maintenance personnel can be prevented from sliding sideways and the soles of the maintenance personnel can be prevented from stepping on the upper cover plate, the oblique movement of the support plate and the straight rod can be achieved, and the straight rod can be flush with the top of the flexible sleeve that tends to be flat after moving a certain distance.

[0027] Preferably, the flexible sleeve is provided with inverted teeth, the straight rod is provided with anti-slip teeth, and the inverted teeth and the anti-slip teeth are vertically arranged.

[0028] In the above scheme, the friction of the soles of the feet can be increased, which can prevent the maintenance personnel from sliding downward when stepping on the frame, thereby improving the stability of the maintenance personnel when repairing the photovoltaic components.

[0029] A four-crystal silicon solar cell comprises a four-crystal silicon solar cell body, a connecting groove, an expansion groove, a shock-absorbing spring, a cross plate, a honeycomb plate and a column, and also comprises a photovoltaic module, wherein the four-crystal silicon solar cell body is installed between an upper EVA film and a lower EVA film, the connecting groove is arranged inside the four-crystal silicon solar cell body, the expansion groove is arranged inside the connecting groove, the shock-absorbing spring is installed on the inner wall of the expansion groove, the cross plate is connected to the shock-absorbing spring and is installed inside the expansion groove, the honeycomb plate is installed between the cross plate and the four-crystal silicon solar cell body, and the column is installed at the bottom end of the cross plate and is connected to the lower EVA film.

[0030] In the above scheme, when maintenance personnel walk on the frame, vibration will be generated, and the vibration will be transmitted to the horizontal plate through the column and absorbed by the honeycomb plate to prevent the vibration from affecting the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. By stepping on the flexible sleeve, the straight rod can be pushed out from the frame, and the top of the straight rod can be flush with the top of the flexible sleeve after being stepped on, so as to increase the width of the frame, increase the contact area between the soles of the maintenance personnel's feet and the frame, prevent the soles of the maintenance personnel from touching the top of the upper cover, avoid applying pressure to the upper cover, avoid damage to the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body and hidden cracks, and ensure the normal operation of the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body.

[0033] 2. When stepping on the flexible cover, the lower guide block can be controlled to separate from the upper cover before the flexible cover is completely stepped on, so that the edge of the four-section crystalline silicon solar cell can be kept in a relaxed state, which can prevent the maintenance personnel from causing greater stress to the four-section crystalline silicon solar cell when stepping on the frame. By changing the state of the four-section crystalline silicon solar cell, a certain buffer space can be provided when the frame is stepped on, which can prevent the four-section crystalline silicon solar cell panel from being suddenly stressed and broken when being stepped on.

[0034] 3. When stepping on the flexible sleeve, the horizontal slider can be squeezed by the pressure block, and the protrusion can be controlled to gradually enter the support plate. A triangle is formed between the support plate, the straight rod, the protrusion, the horizontal slider and the top rod, which can improve the stability of the support plate and prevent the maintenance personnel from deforming when stepping on the frame. At the same time, the moving block can be squeezed by the pressure block, and the positioning block can be squeezed under the action of the connecting sleeve rod and the connecting inner rod, and the stopper can be squeezed into the fixed rod, so that the photovoltaic module can be disassembled, the use of bolts can be avoided, and the need to bend over to disassemble the photovoltaic module can be avoided. This can not only improve the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the photovoltaic module, but also reduce the risk of maintenance personnel stepping on the upper cover during maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the partial cross-section of the front end and the right end of the frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the front end of the frame and the flexible sleeve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of B;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a frame of the present invention in a front view;

[0042] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of C;

[0043] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of D in the middle;

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the frame, upper cover plate, upper EVA film, lower EVA film and back plate of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 For the present invention Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of E.

[0046] In the figure: 1, bracket; 2, fixing rod; 3, frame; 4, upper cover; 5, upper EVA film; 6, lower EVA film; 7, back plate; 8, junction box; 9, flexible sleeve; 10, pushing mechanism; 101, ejector rod; 102, pressure block; 103, horizontal slider; 104, longitudinal slider; 105, telescopic spring; 106, connecting unit; 1061, extrusion slider; 1062, inclined block; 1063, moving block; 1064, connecting sleeve rod; 1065, buffer spring; 1066, connecting inner rod; 1067, mounting block; 1068, positioning block; 1069, reset spring; 10610, stopper; 10611, slot; 10612 , extrusion slope; 10613, pressure-bearing slope; 10614, inclined groove; 10615, embedded groove; 107, transverse groove; 108, longitudinal groove; 11, protrusion; 12, extension mechanism; 1201, connecting plate; 1202, connecting spring; 1203, support plate; 1204, lower guide block; 1205, damping spring; 1206, upper guide block; 1207, installation groove; 1208, movement groove; 1209, moving groove; 13, straight rod; 14, inverted teeth; 15, anti-skid teeth; 16, four-crystalline silicon solar cell body; 17, connecting groove; 18, expansion groove; 19, shock-absorbing spring; 20, horizontal plate; 21, honeycomb panel; 22, column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. If other embodiments of ordinary technicians in this field are obtained without making creative work, they all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 7 , Fig.10 and Fig.11A photovoltaic module and a four-crystalline silicon solar cell, including a bracket 1, a fixing rod 2, a frame 3, an upper cover plate 4, an upper EVA film 5, a lower EVA film 6, a back plate 7 and a junction box 8, and also including a flexible sleeve 9, a pushing mechanism 10, a convex block 11, an extension mechanism 12 and a straight rod 13. The flexible sleeve 9 is installed at the top of the frame 3. The flexible sleeve 9 is provided to step on the top rod 101, which can improve the fit between the feet of the maintenance personnel and the frame 3. The flexible sleeve 9 is provided with inverted teeth 14, and the opening of the inverted teeth 14 is always facing backwards. Since the photovoltaic modules are all tilted during installation, the maintenance personnel When walking on the frame 3 of the photovoltaic module, sliding downwards will occur. The purpose of setting the inverted teeth 14 is to increase the friction between the feet of the maintenance personnel and the flexible sleeve 9 to prevent the maintenance personnel from sliding when stepping on the flexible sleeve 9 and avoid slipping. The straight rod 13 is provided with anti-skid teeth 15. Through the above arrangement, the maintenance personnel can be prevented from sliding toward the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16 when stepping on the flexible sleeve 9, and the stability of the maintenance personnel when standing on the frame 3 can be improved. The inverted teeth 14 and the anti-skid teeth 15 are vertically arranged. Through the above arrangement, the anti-skid performance can be improved to prevent the maintenance personnel from slipping. When a person walks on the frame 3, he slips and falls. The pushing mechanism 10 is connected to the flexible sleeve 9. The pushing mechanism 10 is connected to the extension mechanism 12, so that the stability of the extension mechanism 12 can be improved, and the extension mechanism 12 can be ensured to have a good supporting effect, and the extension mechanism 12 can be prevented from deforming when supporting the feet of the maintenance personnel. The protrusion 11 is connected to the pushing mechanism 10. Through the setting of the protrusion 11, the extension mechanism 12 can be supported, so that the straight rod 13 can be supported. The straight rod 13, the top rod 101 and the protrusion 11 are arranged in a triangle, which can The stability of the connection can be improved, and the maintenance personnel can be prevented from slipping due to unstable support when stepping on the frame 3. The extension mechanism 12 is connected to the pushing mechanism 10, and the straight rod 13 can be pushed out from the frame 3 through the extension mechanism 12, and kept flush with the flattened flexible sleeve 9, so as to support the feet of the maintenance personnel. After the flexible sleeve 9 is subjected to pressure, the straight rod 13 is pushed outward through the extension mechanism 12 until the top of the straight rod 13 is flush with the top of the flexible sleeve 9 that tends to be flat. While the flexible sleeve 9 is subjected to pressure, the protrusion 11 is pushed by the pushing mechanism 10 to connect with the extension mechanism 12 and provide support.

[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 4The pushing mechanism 10 includes a push rod 101, a pressure block 102, a transverse slider 103, a longitudinal slider 104, a telescopic spring 105 and a connecting unit 106. The push rod 101 is installed at the bottom end of the flexible sleeve 9. Through the setting of the push rod 101, the connecting unit 106 and the extension mechanism 12 can be driven to move synchronously when the flexible sleeve 9 is stepped on. Two push rods 101 are symmetrically arranged around the center line of the flexible sleeve 9, and the distance between the two push rods 101 is less than 22-29 cm. The foot length of an adult male or female is generally between 22-29 cm. Through the above setting, it can be ensured that when the maintenance personnel step on the flexible sleeve 9, there will always be a push rod 101 stepped on, so that The smooth operation of the extension mechanism 12 can be ensured. The length of the flexible sleeve 9 is greater than 22-29 cm. Through the above arrangement, the contact area between the feet of the maintenance personnel and the flexible sleeve 9 can be increased, thereby increasing friction and improving the standing stability of the maintenance personnel. The distance between two adjacent flexible sleeves 9 is f, the length of the frame 3 is g, the number of flexible sleeves 9 is the integer part of g / f, f is 30-50 cm, and the stride of an adult walking on flat ground is between 60-80. However, when walking on the frame 3 of the photovoltaic module, because the frame 3 is narrow, the walking is limited, and a large stride cannot be achieved. Moreover, a large stride will cause the footsteps to The frame 3 is heavier, which will exert a greater force on the frame 3, which may easily cause the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16 to bear a greater force. The shortened stride can ensure that the maintenance personnel can walk stably on the frame 3. The pressing block 102 is installed on the outer wall of the top rod 101. When the top rod 101 is squeezed, it can drive the pressing block 102 to drop synchronously, and at the same time, it can squeeze the transverse slider 103, so as to push the protrusion 11. The frame 3 is respectively provided with a transverse groove 107 and a longitudinal groove 108. The transverse slider 103 cooperates with the pressing block 102 and is installed in the transverse groove 107. A telescopic spring 105 is also installed between the transverse slider 103 and the transverse groove 107. Through the above arrangement , in order to be able to control the transverse slider 103 to reset itself. The setting of the transverse groove 107 can facilitate the movement of the transverse slider 103. The protrusion 11 is installed at one end of the transverse slider 103. The longitudinal slider 104 is connected to the flexible sleeve 9 and installed in the longitudinal groove 108. The setting of the longitudinal groove 108 can facilitate the movement of the longitudinal slider 104. The telescopic spring 105 is installed between the longitudinal groove 108 and the longitudinal slider 104. The setting of the telescopic spring 105 can slow down the movement speed of the longitudinal slider 104, thereby ensuring that the push rod 101 moves evenly and stably. At the same time, the push rod 101 can be controlled to slowly reset after the flexible sleeve 9 loses pressure.

[0050] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8The connecting unit 106 includes an extrusion slider 1061, an inclined block 1062, a moving block 1063, a connecting sleeve rod 1064, a buffer spring 1065, a connecting inner rod 1066, a mounting block 1067, a positioning block 1068, a reset spring 1069 and a stopper 10610, so that the extrusion slider 1061 is installed at the bottom of the pressing block 102, the inclined block 1062 cooperates with the extrusion slider 1061, and through the setting of the extrusion slider 1061, it can move synchronously with the pressing block 102 and extrude the inclined block 1062, the moving block 1063 is connected to the inclined block 1062, and an inclined groove 10614 is opened at the top of the moving block 1063, and the inclined block 1062 is installed in the inclined groove 10614. When the inclined block 1062 moves to the inclined groove 10614, the inclined block 1062 is moved to the inclined groove 10614. 614, the two ends cannot move further, thereby driving the moving block 1063 to move, the connecting sleeve rod 1064 is installed at one end of the moving block 1063, through the setting of the connecting sleeve rod 1064, the mounting block 1067 can be pulled during the movement of the moving block 1063, and at the same time, it can avoid hindering the movement of the connecting inner rod 1066, the buffer spring 1065 is installed between the transverse groove 107 and the moving block 1063, through the setting of the buffer spring 1065, it can play a buffering effect when pulling the mounting block 1067, and at the same time, it can control the mounting block 1067 to reset after the inclined block 1062 loses pressure, the connecting inner rod 1066 is installed at one end of the inclined block 1062, through the above setting, the inclined block 1062 can be realized During the movement, the connecting inner rod 1066 is driven to move synchronously. When the connecting inner rod 1066 moves, it moves separately with the connecting sleeve rod 1064. The mounting block 1067 is installed at one end of the connecting sleeve rod 1064. The fixing rod 2 is provided with an embedding groove 10615. The mounting block 1067 is installed in the embedding groove 10615. The mounting block 1067 cooperates with the embedding groove 10615 to realize the connection between the photovoltaic module and the fixing rod 2, and the installation of the photovoltaic module can be realized. At the same time, since the use of bolts is avoided, the disassembly and assembly of the photovoltaic module can be facilitated. The length value of the inclined groove 10614 is consistent with the depth value of the embedding groove 10615. This setting is to realize the synchronous movement of the inclined block 1062 and the mounting block 1067. Step, when the inclined block 1062 moves to the left end of the inclined groove 10614, the mounting block 1067 is disengaged from the embedded groove 10615, so that the photovoltaic module can be easily disassembled and assembled. A buffer spring 1065 is also installed between the inclined groove 10614 and the inclined block 1062. The above arrangement is to reset the inclined block 1062 after losing the pressure from the extrusion slider 1061. A card slot 10611 is provided inside the mounting block 1067. The positioning block 1068 cooperates with the connecting inner rod 1066 and is installed in the card slot 10611. The above arrangement can provide space for the movement of the connecting inner rod 1066 and the positioning block 1068. Extrusion inclined surfaces 10612 are provided on both sides of the end of the connecting inner rod 1066 away from the extrusion slider 1061.A pressure-bearing inclined surface 10613 is provided at one end of the positioning block 1068, and the inclination value of the extrusion inclined surface 10612 is consistent with that of the pressure-bearing inclined surface 10613. Through the above arrangement, the stopper 10610 can be pushed through the cooperation between the extrusion inclined surface 10612 and the pressure-bearing inclined surface 10613 during the movement of the connecting inner rod 1066. The length of the extrusion inclined surface 10612 is greater than the length of the pressure-bearing inclined surface 10613. Through the above arrangement, the stopper 10610 can maintain a relatively long deformation time within a certain deformation range, and the deformation stability of the stopper 10610 can be achieved. To avoid instability caused by the rapid movement of the block 10610, the reset spring 1069 is installed between the positioning block 1068 and the card slot 10611. Through the above arrangement, the block 10610 can be reset automatically after losing pressure, so as to facilitate the next use and the installation of new photovoltaic modules. The block 10610 matches the connecting inner rod 1066. Through the setting of the block 10610, it can be embedded in the embedding groove 10615, which can avoid the falling off of the installation block 1067, improve the stability of the photovoltaic module installation, avoid the use of bolts, and facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the photovoltaic module.

[0051] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Fig. 9The extension mechanism 12 includes a connecting plate 1201, a connecting spring 1202, a supporting plate 1203, a lower guide block 1204, a damping spring 1205 and an upper guide block 1206. A mounting groove 1207 is provided inside the frame 3. The bottom end of the top rod 101 passes through the inside of the mounting groove 1207. Through the setting of the mounting groove 1207, the movement of the connecting plate 1201 can be facilitated, and a movement space is provided for the connecting plate 1201. The connecting plate 1201 is installed at the bottom end of the top rod 101. Through the above setting, the connecting plate 1201 can be driven to move synchronously during the movement of the top rod 101. The connecting spring 1202 is installed between the top end of the connecting plate 1201 and the top end of the mounting groove 1207. Through the setting of the connecting spring 1202, the connecting plate can be prevented from 1201 descends quickly, and the connecting plate 1201 has a certain pulling effect on it when descending, which can have a buffering effect. At the same time, it can play a stretching role when the maintenance personnel leave the flexible sleeve 9, so that the top rod 101 can be controlled to reset. The support plate 1203 is installed in the installation groove 1207 and cooperates with the connecting plate 1201. The straight rod 13 can be connected to the connecting plate 1201 through the support plate 1203. When the connecting plate 1201 squeezes the support plate 1203, the straight rod 13 can be indirectly squeezed, so that the straight rod 13 can be ejected from the frame 3. The straight rod 13 is installed at one end of the support plate 1203. The straight rod 13 can support the sides of the feet of the maintenance personnel, which can prevent the soles of the maintenance personnel from contacting the upper cover 4. , a movable groove 1209 is provided at the bottom end of the inner wall of the installation groove 1207, the support plate 1203 and the straight rod 13, and the lower guide block 1204 is installed at the bottom end of the support plate 1203, and matches the movable groove 1209 on the inner wall of the installation groove 1207. By providing the movable groove 1209, the lower guide block 1204 can be conveniently moved, and at the same time, the lower guide block 1204 can drive the support plate 1203 to move and guide and limit it to prevent the support plate 1203 from deflecting when moving. When the flexible sleeve 9 is not stepped on, the lower guide block 1204 has a squeezing effect on the upper cover plate 4. When the flexible sleeve 9 is stepped on, the lower guide block 1204 is separated from the upper cover plate 4, which can ensure that the upper cover plate 4 has a certain deformation space and avoid the upper cover plate 4 from being subjected to a large stress due to fixation. The force can avoid the upper cover plate 4 from being bent rigidly when stepping on the frame 3, and can avoid the upper cover plate 4 from being damaged. The damping spring 1205 is installed between the inclined groove 10614 and the lower guide block 1204. Through the setting of the damping spring 1205, the movement of the lower guide block 1204 can be buffered, and the lower guide block 1204 can be controlled to reset. The upper guide block 1206 is installed on the inner wall of the installation groove 1207 and matches the inclined groove 10614 in the support plate 1203 and the straight rod 13. Through the setting of the upper guide block 1206, the support plate 1203 and the straight rod 13 can be limited, and the support plate 1203 and the straight rod 13 can be prevented from deflecting during movement. The upper guide block 1206 is arranged in parallel with the lower guide block 1204.To further prevent the support plate 1203 and the straight rod 13 from deflecting when moving, a moving groove 1208 connected to the mounting groove 1207 and the moving groove 1209 is provided inside the frame 3. The moving groove 1208 cooperates with the support plate 1203. Through the above arrangement, a movement space can be provided for the movement of the support plate 1203. The inclination angles of the moving groove 1208 and the support plate 1203 are both 30 degrees. Through the above arrangement, the support plate 1203 can be ensured to smoothly ascend obliquely.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Fig.10 and Fig.11 A four-crystalline silicon solar cell comprises a four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16, a connecting groove 17, an expansion groove 18, a shock absorbing spring 19, a horizontal plate 20, a honeycomb plate 21 and a column 22, and also comprises a photovoltaic module, wherein the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16 is installed between an upper EVA film 5 and a lower EVA film 6, the connecting groove 17 is arranged inside the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16, the expansion groove 18 is arranged inside the connecting groove 17, the shock absorbing spring 19 is installed on the inner wall of the expansion groove 18, the horizontal plate 20 is connected to the shock absorbing spring 19, and is installed inside the expansion groove 18, and the arrangement of the shock absorbing spring 19 can improve the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16. The shock-absorbing effect of the crystalline silicon solar cell body 16 can dissipate vibrations, and can prevent the vibrations generated when maintenance personnel step on the frame 3 from causing damage to the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16. The honeycomb panel 21 is installed between the horizontal panel 20 and the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16. Through the setting of the honeycomb panel 21, it can not only achieve a shock-absorbing effect when maintenance personnel step on the frame 3, but also improve the heat dissipation effect of the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16, and can prevent the concentration of thermal stress from causing damage to the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body 16. The column 22 is installed at the bottom end of the horizontal panel 20 and is connected to the lower EVA film 6.

[0053] Working principle: When the photovoltaic component needs to be repaired, the maintenance personnel step on the flexible sleeve 9 to drive the top rod 101 down, and squeeze the straight rod 13 through the extension mechanism 12, and push the straight rod 13 out of the frame 3 until the top of the straight rod 13 is flush with the flattened flexible sleeve 9, and the protrusion 11 is pushed into the support plate 1203 under the action of the pushing mechanism 10 to enhance the stability of the straight rod 13. At the same time, the four-crystalline silicon solar cell panel will be separated from the fixed rod 2 under the action of the connecting unit 106.

[0054] Specifically, the maintenance personnel step on the flexible sleeve 9 with both feet, and then when the flexible sleeve 9 is deformed downward, the push rod 101 is driven to descend, and the connecting plate 1201 is driven to descend through the push rod 101. When the connecting plate 1201 descends, it stretches the connecting spring 1202 and squeezes the support plate 1203. When the support plate 1203 is squeezed, it drives the straight rod 13 to move synchronously and is ejected from the frame 3. With the continuous movement of the straight rod 13, it can keep flush with the flexible sleeve 9 after being stepped on. When moving, the support plate 1203 can drive the lower guide block 1204 to move synchronously in the moving groove 1209. During the movement, the lower guide block 1204 will squeeze the upper cover plate 4 in advance. Because the frame 3 will be subjected to pressure from top to bottom, and with the movement of the upper guide block 1206, the upper cover plate 4 will be slightly bent, and the damping spring 1205 will be squeezed, which has a buffering effect, and at the same time, it will also drive the upper guide block 1206 to move synchronously in the moving groove 1209.

[0055] When the straight rod 13 moves slowly outward, the push rod 101 drives the pressing block 102 to descend synchronously, and at the same time squeezes the transverse slider 103, and then drives the protrusion 11 to move outward, and then enters the support plate 1203 to support the support plate 1203, which can improve the support effect of the support plate 1203. When the flexible sleeve 9 is stepped on, the longitudinal sliders 104 at both ends will slide in the longitudinal groove 108, and at the same time squeeze the telescopic spring 105, which has a buffering effect.

[0056] When the pressing block 102 descends, it will drive the extrusion slider 1061 to descend, and squeeze the inclined block 1062, and then drive the moving block 1063 to move to the left. When the moving block 1063 moves, it drives the connecting inner rod 1066 to move. When the connecting inner rod 1066 moves, it can gradually separate from the positioning block 1068. After the positioning block 1068 loses pressure, it drives the stopper 10610 to reset under the action of the reset spring 1069. When the inclined block 1062 moves to the left end of the inclined groove 10614, it can drive the connecting sleeve rod 1064 to move. When the connecting sleeve rod 1064 moves, it can drive the installation block 1067 to move, and then separate from the fixed rod 2, and at the same time stretch the buffer spring 1065, and then use the baffle plate to block the embedded groove 10615 to prevent the installation block 1067 from re-entering the embedded groove 10615, so as to facilitate the disassembly of the photovoltaic module.

[0057] When the maintenance personnel's foot leaves the flexible sleeve 9, the longitudinal slider 104 will be reset under the action of the telescopic spring 105, and the lower guide block 1204 will be reset under the action of the damping spring 1205. When moving, the lower guide block 1204 can drive the straight rod 13 to move into the frame 3 through the support plate 1203 until the straight rod 13 completely enters the frame 3. When moving, the support plate 1203 can squeeze the connecting plate 1201, and then push the top rod 101 upward through the connecting plate 1201. When the top rod 101 moves upward, it can drive the pressure block 102 to rise. After losing the pressure of the pressure block 102, the transverse slider 103 will be Under the action of 105, the protrusion 11 is driven to reset, and at the same time, the extrusion slider 1061 will lose the pressure applied to the inclined block 1062, and then the buffer spring 1065 will pull the moving block 1063, and then under the action of the connecting sleeve rod 1064, the installation block 1067 is driven to enter the embedded groove 10615, and then under the action of the buffer spring 1065, the inclined block 1062 is reset, and the connecting inner rod 1066 is driven to move. When the connecting inner rod 1066 moves, one end will squeeze the positioning block 1068, and then squeeze the reset spring 1069, and push the stopper 10610 to embed into the fixed rod 2, so as to realize the installation positioning of the photovoltaic module.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and deformations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The appended claims and their equivalents define the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising a bracket (1), a fixing rod (2), a frame (3), an upper cover plate (4), an upper EVA film (5), a lower EVA film (6), a back plate (7) and a junction box (8), characterized in that: The invention also comprises a flexible sleeve (9), a pushing mechanism (10), a convex block (11), an extension mechanism (12) and a straight rod (13); the flexible sleeve (9) is mounted on the top of the frame (3); the pushing mechanism (10) is connected to the flexible sleeve (9); the convex block (11) is connected to the pushing mechanism (10); the extension mechanism (12) is connected to the pushing mechanism (10); the straight rod (13) is connected to the extension mechanism (12); when the flexible sleeve (9) is subjected to pressure, the extension mechanism (12) pushes the straight rod (13) outward until the top of the straight rod (13) is flush with the top of the flexible sleeve (9) which tends to be flat; when the flexible sleeve (9) is subjected to pressure, the convex block (11) is pushed by the pushing mechanism (10) to connect with the extension mechanism (12) and provide support.

2. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (10) comprises a push rod (101), a pressure block (102), a transverse slider (103), a longitudinal slider (104), a telescopic spring (105) and a connecting unit (106); the push rod (101) is mounted at the bottom end of the flexible sleeve (9); the pressure block (102) is mounted on the outer wall of the push rod (101); a transverse groove (107) and a longitudinal groove (108) are respectively provided inside the frame (3); the transverse slider (103) cooperates with the pressure block (102) and is mounted in the transverse groove (107); the protrusion (11) is mounted at one end of the transverse slider (103); the longitudinal slider (104) is connected to the flexible sleeve (9) and is mounted in the longitudinal groove (108); the telescopic spring (105) is mounted between the longitudinal groove (108) and the longitudinal slider (104); and the connecting unit (106) is connected to the transverse slider (103).

3. A photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two top rods (101) are symmetrically arranged about the center line of the flexible sleeve (9), and the distance between the two top rods (101) is less than 22-29 cm. The length of the flexible sleeve (9) is greater than 22-29 cm. The distance between two adjacent flexible sleeves (9) is f. The length of the frame (3) is g. The number of the flexible sleeves (9) is the integer part of g / f, and f is 30-50 cm.

4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting unit (106) comprises an extrusion slider (1061), an inclined block (1062), a moving block (1063), a connecting sleeve rod (1064), a buffer spring (1065), a connecting inner rod (1066), a mounting block (1067), a positioning block (1068), a return spring (1069) and a stopper (10610), so that the extrusion slider (1061) is installed at the bottom end of the pressing block (102), the inclined block (1062) cooperates with the extrusion slider (1061), the moving block (1063) is connected to the inclined block (1062), and the connecting sleeve rod (1064) is installed at one end of the moving block (1063). The buffer spring (1065) is installed between the transverse groove (107) and the moving block (1063), the connecting inner rod (1066) is installed at one end of the inclined block (1062), the mounting block (1067) is installed at one end of the connecting sleeve rod (1064), a slot (10611) is provided inside the mounting block (1067), the positioning block (1068) cooperates with the connecting inner rod (1066) and is installed in the slot (10611), the return spring (1069) is installed between the positioning block (1068) and the slot (10611), and the stop block (10610) matches the connecting inner rod (1066).

5. A photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting inner rod (1066) is provided with extrusion inclined surfaces (10612) on both sides of one end away from the extrusion sliding block (1061), and the positioning block (1068) is provided with a pressure-bearing inclined surface (10613) at one end. The inclination value of the extrusion inclined surface (10612) and the pressure-bearing inclined surface (10613) are consistent, and the length value of the extrusion inclined surface (10612) and the pressure-bearing inclined surface (10613) are consistent.

6. A photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the moving block (1063) is provided with an inclined groove (10614) which cooperates with the inclined block (1062), and the interior of the fixed rod (2) is provided with an embedded groove (10615) which cooperates with the mounting block (1067), and the length value of the inclined groove (10614) is consistent with the depth value of the embedded groove (10615).

7. A photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension mechanism (12) comprises a connecting plate (1201), a connecting spring (1202), a supporting plate (1203), a lower guide block (1204), a damping spring (1205) and an upper guide block (1206); a mounting groove (1207) is provided inside the frame (3); the bottom end of the top rod (101) passes through the inside of the mounting groove (1207); the connecting plate (1201) is installed at the bottom end of the top rod (101); the connecting spring (1202) is installed between the top end of the connecting plate (1201) and the top end of the mounting groove (1207); the supporting plate (1203) is installed inside the mounting groove (1207) and is connected to the connecting plate (1201). ), the straight rod (13) is installed at one end of the support plate (1203), the bottom end of the inner wall of the installation groove (1207), the support plate (1203) and the straight rod (13) are all provided with a movable groove (1209), the lower guide block (1204) is installed at the bottom end of the support plate (1203) and matches the movable groove (1209) on the inner wall of the installation groove (1207), the damping spring (1205) is installed between the movable groove (1209) and the lower guide block (1204), and the upper guide block (1206) is installed on the inner wall of the installation groove (1207) and matches the movable groove (1209) in the support plate (1203) and the straight rod (13).

8. A photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame (3) is provided with a moving groove (1208) in communication with the mounting groove (1207) and the moving groove (1209); the moving groove (1208) cooperates with the support plate (1203); and the inclination angles of the moving groove (1208) and the support plate (1203) are both 30 degrees.

9. A photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flexible sleeve (9) is provided with inverted teeth (14), and the straight rod (13) is provided with anti-slip teeth (15), and the inverted teeth (14) and the anti-slip teeth (15) are arranged vertically.

10. A four-crystal silicon solar cell, comprising a four-crystal silicon solar cell body (16), a connecting groove (17), an expansion groove (18), a shock absorbing spring (19), a horizontal plate (20), a honeycomb plate (21) and a column (22), characterized in that: It also includes a photovoltaic module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 above, wherein the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body (16) is installed between the upper EVA film (5) and the lower EVA film (6), the connecting groove (17) is opened inside the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body (16), the expansion groove (18) is opened inside the connecting groove (17), the shock-absorbing spring (19) is installed on the inner wall of the expansion groove (18), the cross plate (20) is connected to the shock-absorbing spring (19) and installed inside the expansion groove (18), the honeycomb panel (21) is installed between the cross plate (20) and the four-crystalline silicon solar cell body (16), and the column (22) is installed at the bottom end of the cross plate (20) and connected to the lower EVA film (6).

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