A three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on plant factory three-dimensional planting frame, belong to plant cultivation equipment technical field.It mainly aims at the problem that existing product is easy to damage plant when water and fertilizer is sprayed to plant in different growth periods, and proposes the following technical scheme, including the base frame formed by vertical rod group and top plate, and the shell cover arranged on the base frame.The application adjusts the height of the plant planting space in each cultivation layer by setting the lifting assembly, replacing the existing fixed design, so that the product can safely water and fertilize according to the growth state of the plant during use, and the mixture mechanism is set to efficiently mix water resources with nutrient solution and other substances when entering the liquid tank in each cultivation layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant cultivation equipment, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory. BACKGROUND

[0002] The plant factory is a high-efficiency agricultural system for realizing the year-round continuous production of crops through the high-precision environment control in a facility, and is a labor-saving production mode for automatically controlling the temperature, humidity, light, CO2 concentration and nutrient solution and other environmental conditions for plant growth by using an intelligent computer and an electronic sensing system, so that the growth and development of plants in the facility are not or rarely restricted by natural conditions. The planting and cultivation of plants in the plant factory cannot be separated from the planting frame, and the most common ones are flat type, triangular type and layer type, etc.

[0003] At present, most of the existing plant planting frames are fixed design, and the spacing between each cultivation layer is fixed. In order to ensure that the plants are not limited by the height interval of the planting frame during growth, the spacing between each cultivation layer of the planting frame is large, and the spraying port for spraying water and fertilizer is mostly located above the plants. For example, a kind of authorized announcement No. CN210382016U Chinese patent discloses a three-dimensional landscape plant planting frame capable of quickly updating plants, which comprises a frame body and a planting groove. The inner walls of the two sides of the frame body are rotationally connected with second driven pulleys through shafts at the corners, and the three second driven pulleys on the same side of the frame body are drivingly connected through a conveying belt. Although the plants in different growth periods can be watered and fertilized, the fixed spraying port is easy to damage the plants during fertilization because the plants are short during the seedling period. When the existing planting frame waters and fertilizes the plants in each cultivation layer, the nutrient solution and other substances need to be added to the water resources to form water and fertilizer, which is then sprayed on the plants. In order to ensure the quality of the water and fertilizer, the water resources with the added nutrient solution and other substances need to be pre-mixed by a stirring structure, and then can be sprayed and used. The fertilizer and water required by the plants in different growth periods are controlled by the controllers in terms of spraying amount and water spraying intensity, which not only further increases the production cost of the product, but also makes the design of the control program more complex during the operation of the equipment, and is easy to cause operation failure and affect the safe cultivation of the plants. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a three-dimensional planting rack for plant factories. By incorporating a lifting assembly, the height of the planting space in each cultivation layer can be adjusted, replacing the existing fixed design. This allows for safe watering and fertilization based on the plant's growth stage. A mixing mechanism ensures efficient mixing of water with nutrient solutions and other substances as it enters the liquid tanks in each cultivation layer, avoiding the hassle of mixing materials during fertilizer preparation. Furthermore, the liquid tanks in each cultivation layer allow for mechanical control of the amount of water and fertilizer required for different growth stages of the plants. The spraying components in the spraying assembly can also be switched and adjusted, thus replacing existing control devices and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A three-dimensional planting rack for plant factories includes a base frame consisting of uprights and a top plate, and a shell mounted on the base frame. The uprights have multiple cultivation layers for growing plants distributed longitudinally inside. Each cultivation layer has a lifting component on the base frame located on its front and rear sides. The lifting component is used to adjust the height of the planting space in the cultivation layer. The top of the top plate has a mixing mechanism for water and fertilizer preparation. The mixing mechanism is connected to each cultivation layer through pipes. The bottom of the top plate has a drive component for adjusting the cultivation layers.

[0007] The cultivation layer includes a base plate mounted on the uprights, on which multiple seedling substrates for cultivating plants are mounted. A frame is mounted above the multiple seedling substrates. Auxiliary components for splicing the base plates are mounted on the front and rear sides of the frame. Multiple lamp bodies for providing light are arranged horizontally in a linear fashion inside the frame. A fertilizer assembly for temporarily storing water and fertilizer is mounted on the top of the frame. A movable component is located on the right side of the fertilizer assembly and is movably connected to the fertilizer assembly. A spraying assembly for uniformly spraying water and fertilizer is mounted on the frame. The spraying assembly consists of a spraying component and an adjusting component. The spraying component and the fertilizer assembly are connected by a hose. The adjusting component and the movable component are in contact. A bending plate is located on the uprights at the rear of the frame and is in contact with the fertilizer assembly.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pole assembly includes four poles, which are respectively located at the four bottom corners of the top plate. The cover is located on the right side of the base frame and is fixedly connected to the top plate by bolts.

[0009] The upper of the substrate is provided with a rectangular placing groove, a plurality of the seedling substrates are linearly distributed in the rectangular placing groove, and a rectangular through hole for penetrating the vertical rod is arranged at each corner of the substrate, a support sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular through hole, and the support sleeve and the vertical rod are fixedly connected through screws.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the front and rear side walls of the frame body are integrally provided with a strip plate, the auxiliary member includes a slide rail arranged on the bottom outer wall of the strip plate, two slide sleeves are slidably connected on the slide rail, a support rod is movably connected to the bottom of each slide sleeve through a pin shaft, a support base is movably connected to the bottom end of the support rod through a connecting pin, and the support base is installed on the base plate through bolts.

[0011] The moving member includes a sliding groove arranged on the right side shell wall of the frame body, a sliding plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove, two supporting plates are installed on the right side shell wall of the sliding plate through screws, a fixed plate is installed on the front side supporting plate, and a driving rack is installed on the rear side supporting plate, wherein an inclined groove is arranged on the fixed plate.

[0012] The spraying member includes a fixed pipe located below the cultivation layer, a carrier is symmetrically arranged on the outer ring shell wall of the fixed pipe, the top of the carrier is slidably connected to the bottom shell wall of the frame body, the inside of the fixed pipe is sleeved with a switching pipe, the two ends of the switching pipe respectively penetrate the corresponding ends of the fixed pipe, and the switching pipe is sleeved with a gear ring, each gear ring is provided with a fixed rack engaged therewith, the bottom end of the fixed rack is installed with a supporting leg through a screw, the bottom end of the supporting leg is installed on the base plate through a bolt, and a rotary connecting piece for pipeline connection is installed on the front end shell wall of the switching pipe.

[0013] A plurality of discharge port groups for water and fertilizer discharge are arranged on the circumferential wall of the switching pipe in the circumferential direction, each discharge port group is composed of a plurality of transversely linearly distributed discharge ports, and the discharge port diameters in different discharge port groups are different.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the outer ring top of the fixed pipe is integrally provided with a convex rod, a movable arm is sleeved on the convex rod, a swing arm is connected to the right end of the movable arm through a movable pin, a rotating shaft is installed at the right end of the swing arm, the top end of the rotating shaft penetrates the corresponding shell wall of the frame body and is installed with a driven gear, and the driven gear is engaged and transmitted with the corresponding driving rack.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application, the fertilization assembly includes a liquid tank arranged on the top shell wall of the frame body, two partition plates are equidistantly arranged in the liquid tank, so that three storage cavities for containing water and fertilizer are formed in the inner cavity of the liquid tank, a push plate for pushing water and fertilizer is arranged in the frontmost storage cavity, a movement rod extending to the outside of the liquid tank is installed on the right side of the push plate, a circular rod is fixedly connected to the movement rod, and the bottom of the circular rod is slidably connected in the inclined groove.

[0016] The rear side shell wall of the liquid tank is provided with a hole, a push rod is movably connected in the hole, the front end of the push rod extends into the liquid tank and is provided with a plurality of rubber plugs for plugging the corresponding openings, and the rear end of the push rod is provided with an end disc, a plurality of rolling balls are rolling connected on the end disc, the rolling balls are rolling connected between the end disc and the bending plate, and a reset spring is sleeved on the push rod between the end disc and the rear side shell wall of the liquid tank.

[0017] The left side shell wall of the storage cavity in the frontmost position is provided with a discharge pipe, the right side of the discharge pipe is provided with a shunt pipe on the corresponding shell wall, the discharge end of the shunt pipe is connected to the discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe and the shunt pipe are both provided with an electrically controlled one-way valve, and the discharge pipe and the tooth ring are connected through a hose.

[0018] As a further scheme of the application, the lifting assembly comprises a motor mounted on the top plate by bolts, a lead screw is mounted at the output end of the motor, a plurality of protrusions and an inner thread sleeve are sleeved on the lead screw, the inner thread sleeve is rotatably connected to the protrusions, and the inner thread sleeve is threadedly connected to the lead screw, the inner thread sleeve and the protrusions are further locked by bolts, and each protrusion is fixedly connected to a corresponding frame.

[0019] The bottom end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to an ear plate through a bearing, and the side wall of the ear plate is fixedly connected to a base plate in the bottommost cultivation layer.

[0020] As a further scheme of the application, the mixing mechanism comprises a mixing box fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the top plate by bolts, an impeller is rotatably connected in the mixing box, an accommodating cavity is formed in the impeller, a plurality of discharge ports are formed in the circumferential wall of the accommodating cavity in the circumferential direction, and a sleeve is movably connected to the top end of the accommodating cavity, and a bearing sleeve is sleeved on the circumferential wall of the sleeve.

[0021] A rack is mounted on the top outer wall of the mixing box by bolts, and a liquid storage tank is symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the rack, the discharge end of each liquid storage tank is communicated with the bearing sleeve through a liquid conveying pipe, a nutrient liquid control valve is mounted on the discharge end of the left liquid storage tank, and an acid liquid control valve is mounted on the discharge end of the right liquid storage tank.

[0022] A plurality of notches are formed in the circumferential wall of the sleeve in the circumferential direction, which facilitates the mutual communication between the inner cavity of the bearing sleeve and the internal space of the sleeve.

[0023] As a further scheme of the application, the pipeline is composed of a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a hose, the water inlet pipe is loaded on the rear side shell wall of the mixing box, the water outlet pipe is loaded on the front side shell wall of the mixing box, a plurality of branch pipes for shunting are arranged on the water outlet pipe, and each branch pipe is communicated with a corresponding fertilization assembly through a hose.

[0024] As a further scheme of the present application, the driving member comprises an electric push rod arranged on the bottom shell wall of the top plate, an output end of the electric push rod is provided with a connecting arm, a side of the connecting arm away from the electric push rod is provided with an integrated plate through a screw, the integrated plate is provided with a back-shaped groove, a plurality of rod bodies are slidably connected in the back-shaped groove, and left ends of the rod bodies are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding moving members.

[0025] The bottom shell wall of the top plate is provided with a guide groove, and a guide block is slidably connected in the guide groove.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The height of the space for planting plants in each cultivation layer is adjusted by the lifting assembly, so as to replace the existing fixed design, so that the product can safely water and fertilize plants according to the growth state of the plants during use, and the mixing mechanism is provided to efficiently mix water resources with nutrient liquid and other substances when the water resources enter the liquid tank in each cultivation layer, thereby avoiding the trouble of mixing water and fertilizer during preparation.

[0028] 2. The water resources impact the impeller to rotate when entering the mixing tank in the mixing mechanism, and the opening and closing of the nutrient liquid control valve and the acid liquid control valve make the added substances in each liquid storage tank enter the infusion pipe under the action of gravity, and then the added substances are discharged from the discharge port on the impeller under the action of the carrier sleeve and the sleeve, so as to efficiently mix the added substances with the water resources, reduce the configuration of the stirring structure, thereby not only improving the configuration efficiency of the water and fertilizer, but also reducing the manufacturing cost of the product.

[0029] 3. The inner thread sleeve threadedly connected to the lead screw in the lifting assembly can be independently rotated and adjusted, thereby the height of the planting space of plants in each cultivation layer can be independently adjusted, so that plants growing faster can be cultivated accordingly.

[0030] 4. The liquid tank in each cultivation layer can mechanically control the amount of water and fertilizer required for different growth periods of plants, and the spraying member in the spraying assembly can also be synchronously switched and adjusted when the height of the cultivation layer is adjusted, so as to replace the existing control device, further reduce the manufacturing cost of the product, and reduce the design of the control program, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the equipment and the safety of plant cultivation.

[0031] 5. When the driving member operates, the spraying member in the spraying assembly is realized to spray and fertilize plants and the adjustment member is synchronized to move, and the adjustment member drives the spraying member to move reciprocally in the horizontal direction during the movement, so as to realize the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the spraying and fertilizing of plants, replace the existing fixed spraying structure, and the gap of the displacement of the spraying member facilitates the efficient absorption of water and fertilizer by plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 3 ;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 6 ;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 6 ;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 8 ;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 7 ;

[0042] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 10 ;

[0043] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 8 ;

[0044] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory Figure 12A bottom view structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism structure;

[0045] Figure 14 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism structure; Figure 6 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism structure;

[0046] Figure 15 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism structure; Figure 14 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of the mixing mechanism structure;

[0047] Figure 16 It is a liquid environment regulation step diagram based on a three-dimensional planting frame for a plant factory.

[0048] In the figure: 1, base frame; 11, vertical rod group; 12, top plate; 2, cultivation layer; 21, base plate; 22, frame body; 23, sliding rail; 24, support rod; 25, seedling base; 26, lamp main body; 27, moving piece; 271, sliding plate; 272, driving rack; 273, fixed plate; 28, spraying piece; 281, fixed pipe; 282, switching pipe; 283, gear ring; 284, rotary connecting piece; 285, fixed rack; 286, supporting leg; 29, adjusting piece; 291, movable arm; 292, swing arm; 293, driven gear; 210, fertilization assembly; 2101, liquid tank; 2102, partition plate; 2103, push rod; 2104, push plate; 2105, movement rod; 2106, shunt pipe; 211, bending plate; 3, lifting assembly; 31, motor; 32, lead screw; 33, inner sleeve; 4, mixing mechanism; 41, mixing tank; 42, impeller; 43, sleeve; 44, bearing sleeve; 45, rack; 46, nutrient solution control valve; 47, acid solution control valve; 48, liquid delivery pipe; 5, driving piece; 51, electric push rod; 52, connecting arm; 53, integrated plate; 6, shell cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1-2 In the embodiment of the application, a three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory includes a base frame 1 composed of a vertical rod group 11 and a top plate 12, and a shell cover 6 arranged on the base frame 1. The vertical rod group 11 includes four vertical rods arranged at the bottom corners of the top plate 12, and the shell cover 6 is located on the right side of the base frame 1 and is fixedly connected with the top plate 12 by bolts. The shape of the vertical rod is various, and in this embodiment, a square rod is adopted, and the assembly mode between the vertical rod and the top plate 12 is also various, for example, welding, riveting, bolt fixing, etc., and in this embodiment, the welding mode is adopted for assembly.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In the embodiment of the present application, the inside of the vertical rod group 11 is longitudinally distributed with a plurality of cultivation layers 2 for cultivating plants. The front and back sides of the plurality of cultivation layers 2 are provided with lifting assemblies 3 located on the base frame 1, which are used for height adjustment of the planting space in the cultivation layer 2. Through the synchronous operation of the lifting assemblies 3 arranged in front and back, the height of the planting space in each cultivation layer 2 is uniformly adjusted.

[0051] The top of the top plate 12 is provided with a mixing mechanism 4 for water and fertilizer configuration, and the mixing mechanism 4 is connected with each cultivation layer 2 through a pipeline. The bottom of the top plate 12 is provided with a driving piece 5 for adjusting the cultivation layer 2. After the mixing mechanism 4 completes the configuration of water and fertilizer, the water and fertilizer is directly distributed to each cultivation layer 2 through the pipeline, so as to realize the advance quantitative of the current plant water and fertilizer spraying amount.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10 In the embodiment of the present application, the cultivation layer 2 comprises a base plate 21 arranged on the vertical rod group 11, and a rectangular placing groove is formed in the base plate 21. A plurality of seedling bases 25 for cultivating plants are linearly distributed in the rectangular placing groove. The plurality of seedling bases 25 can realize modular cultivation of plants, so as to facilitate observation and comparison of plants and removal of individual plants in the case of adverse conditions, and facilitate feeding and discharging of plants.

[0053] A frame 22 is arranged above the plurality of seedling bases 25. The front and back sides of the frame 22 are provided with auxiliary pieces for splicing the base plate 21. A plurality of lamp bodies 26 for providing light are linearly distributed in the inside of the frame 22. The lamp bodies 26 are controlled by a control system, so as to facilitate adjustment of the on-off of the lamp bodies 26.

[0054] A fertilization assembly 210 for temporarily storing water and fertilizer is arranged on the top of the frame 22. A moving piece 27 is arranged on the right side of the fertilization assembly 210 and movably connected with the fertilization assembly 210. The water and fertilizer distributed in the fertilization assembly 210 is pushed and discharged by the movement of the moving piece 27.

[0055] A spraying assembly for uniformly spraying water and fertilizer is arranged on the frame 22, and the spraying assembly is composed of a spraying piece 28 and an adjusting piece 29. The spraying piece 28 is connected with the fertilization assembly 210 through a hose. The adjusting piece 29 is movably contacted with the moving piece 27. When the moving piece 27 moves, the water and fertilizer in the fertilization assembly 210 is pushed to flow, and the adjusting piece 29 is also moved. The water and fertilizer enters the spraying piece 28 through the hose for discharge, and the adjusting piece 29 realizes the reciprocating movement of the spraying piece 28 in the movement process, so as to realize the uniform spraying of water and fertilizer on the plants.

[0056] The rear of the frame body 22 is provided with a bending plate 211 located on the vertical rod group 11, and the bending plate 211 is in movable contact with the fertilization assembly 210. The bending plate 211 is composed of a straight plate part and an inclined part. The inclined part is located at the top of the straight plate part, and the two sides of the straight plate part are integrally provided with extension plates which are fixedly connected to the corresponding vertical rods of the vertical rod group 11 by bolts.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 With Figure 8 In the embodiment of the application, rectangular through holes for penetrating the vertical rods are formed at the four corners of the base plate 21, and a sleeve is mounted at the bottom of the rectangular through hole and fixedly connected to the vertical rod by screws. The sleeve is adapted to the shape of the vertical rod, and is also fixedly connected to the base plate 21 by bolts, thereby facilitating disassembly and assembly.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 8 In the embodiment of the application, a strip plate is integrally provided on the front and rear outer walls of the frame body 22. The auxiliary part includes a slide rail 23 provided on the outer wall at the bottom of the strip plate, and two slide sleeves are slidably connected to the slide rail 23. A support rod 24 is movably connected to the bottom of each slide sleeve by a pin shaft, and the bottom end of the support rod 24 is movably connected to a support base by a connecting pin, and the bottom of the support base is mounted on the base plate 21 by bolts. When the frame body 22 is adjusted in height, the support rod 24 in the auxiliary part is rotated and adjusted, so that the slide sleeve is displaced and slides on the slide rail 23, thereby achieving the constraint and support of the frame body 22 during height adjustment.

[0059] The moving part 27 includes a sliding groove formed in the right side shell wall of the frame body 22, and a sliding plate 271 is slidably connected in the sliding groove. Two supporting plates are mounted on the right side shell wall of the sliding plate 271 by screws, a fixed plate 273 is mounted on the front supporting plate, and a driving rack 272 is mounted on the rear supporting plate. A slotted hole is formed in the fixed plate 273. When the sliding plate 271 in the moving part 27 is adjusted in sliding, the displacement of the driving rack 272 and the fixed plate 273 can be adjusted by the supporting plates.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 8-13 In the embodiment of the application, the spraying part 28 includes a fixed pipe 281 located below the cultivation layer 2, a plurality of circular holes are linearly formed in the peripheral wall of the fixed pipe 281, and a nozzle for spraying water and fertilizer is mounted in each circular hole.

[0061] A carrier is symmetrically sleeved on the outer peripheral shell wall of the fixed pipe 281, and the top of the carrier is slidably connected to the bottom shell wall of the frame body 22. A moving groove is symmetrically formed in the bottom shell wall of the frame body 22, and the top of the carrier is slidably connected in the moving groove.

[0062] The inside of the fixed tube 281 is sleeved with a switching tube 282, both ends of the switching tube 282 penetrate through the corresponding end of the fixed tube 281 respectively, and is sleeved with a tooth ring 283. The side edge of each tooth ring 283 is provided with a fixed rack 285 engaged therewith, and the bottom end of the fixed rack 285 is provided with a support foot 286 installed by a screw, and the bottom end of the support foot 286 is installed on the base plate 21 by a bolt. When the frame 22 moves up and down, the tooth ring 283 and the fixed rack 285 are engaged and transmitted, so that the switching tube 282 rotates and switches in the inside of the fixed tube 281.

[0063] The front end shell wall of the switching tube 282 is provided with a rotary connector 284 for pipe connection, and the stability of the connected hose is ensured when the switching tube 282 rotates and switches through the setting of the rotary connector 284.

[0064] A plurality of discharge port groups for water and fertilizer discharge are formed on the peripheral wall of the switching tube 282 in the circumferential direction. Each discharge port group is composed of a plurality of transversely linearly distributed discharge ports, and the discharge port holes in different discharge port groups are not the same. The discharge port groups on the switching tube 282 are divided into three kinds, the smallest aperture of the discharge port in the discharge hole group is used for spraying and fertilizing the plants in the seedling stage, and reducing the damage to the plants during water and fertilizer spraying, and the other two apertures are respectively corresponding to different growth periods of the plants, so as to improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer spraying without damaging the plants.

[0065] The outer ring top of the fixed tube 281 is integrally provided with a convex rod, and the convex rod is sleeved with a movable arm 291. The right end of the movable arm 291 is connected with a swing arm 292 through a movable pin, the right end of the swing arm 292 is provided with a rotating shaft, the top end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the corresponding shell wall of the frame 22, and is provided with a driven gear 293. The driven gear 293 and the corresponding driving rack 272 are engaged and transmitted. When the driving rack 272 moves, the driven gear 293 engaged and transmitted therewith moves synchronously, so that the rotating shaft rotates, drives the swing arm 292 to adjust, and then drives the fixed tube 281 to move reciprocally through the movable arm 291, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness and uniformity of the plant spraying.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 8-10In the embodiment of the present application, the fertilizing assembly 210 comprises a liquid tank 2101 arranged on the top shell wall of the frame body 22. Two partitions 2102 are equidistantly arranged inside the liquid tank 2101, so that the inner cavity of the liquid tank 2101 forms three storage cavities for containing water and fertilizer. The arrangement of the three storage cavities enables the liquid tank 2101 to meet the water and fertilizer dosage requirements of the plant growth in three periods. The inner part of the frontmost storage cavity is provided with a push plate 2104 for pushing water and fertilizer, and the right side of the push plate 2104 is provided with a movement rod 2105 extending to the outside of the liquid tank 2101. The movement rod 2105 is fixedly connected with a round rod, and the bottom of the round rod is slidingly connected in the chute. The displacement of the fixed plate 273 drives the movement rod 2105 to move in the chute, thereby driving the displacement adjustment of the push plate 2104. The push plate 2104 pushes the water and fertilizer in the storage cavity, so that the water and fertilizer in the storage cavity enters the spraying member 28 under the extrusion, thereby realizing the spraying effect of the water and fertilizer.

[0067] An opening is formed in each partition 2102, so that the three storage cavities are connected as a whole, and the water and fertilizer in different storage cavities flow into each other. A hole is formed in the rear shell wall of the liquid tank 2101, and a push rod 2103 is movably connected in the hole. The front end of the push rod 2103 extends to the inside of the liquid tank 2101 and is provided with a plurality of rubber plugs for plugging the corresponding openings. The rear end of the push rod 2103 is provided with an end disc, and a ball is rollingly connected to the end disc. The ball rollingly contacts the bending plate 211. A reset spring is sleeved between the end disc and the rear shell wall of the liquid tank 2101 and arranged on the push rod 2103. When the frame body 22 moves up and down, the fertilizing assembly 210 moves as a whole, and the ball on the push rod 2103 moves on the bending plate 211 with the movement of the frame body 22, and the opening of the rubber plug on the partition 2102 is blocked under the cooperation of the reset spring, so as to adapt to different growth periods of the plant.

[0068] A discharge pipe is arranged on the left side shell wall of the frontmost storage cavity, and a shunt pipe 2106 is arranged on the corresponding shell wall on the right side of the discharge pipe. The discharge end of the shunt pipe 2106 is connected to the discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe and the shunt pipe 2106 are provided with electrically controlled one-way valves. The discharge pipe and the tooth ring 283 are connected by a hose. The electrically controlled one-way valve is opened, and the water and fertilizer in the current storage cavity is pushed by the left movement of the push plate 2104, and the water and fertilizer flows out of the discharge pipe. When the push plate 2104 passes through the opening, the water and fertilizer in the other storage cavities flows into the current storage cavity. When the push plate 2104 is reset and moves to the right, the water and fertilizer flowing into the current storage cavity is pushed, and part of the water and fertilizer enters the other storage cavities. However, when the push plate 2104 passes through the opening, the residual water and fertilizer flows into the discharge pipe from the shunt pipe 2106, and then enters the spraying member 28 for spraying.

[0069] Please refer to Figures 2-4 In the embodiment of the present application, the lifting assembly 3 comprises a motor 31 which is bolted to the top plate 12. The output end of the motor 31 is provided with a lead screw 32, and a plurality of lugs and an inner sleeve 33 are sleeved on the lead screw 32. The inner sleeve 33 is rotatably connected to the lugs, and is threadedly connected between the lugs and the lead screw 32. Each lug is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame 22. The inner sleeve 33 and the lugs are further locked by bolts.

[0070] When the inner sleeve 33 and the lugs are in the locked state, the lifting adjustment of the frame 22 can be realized by the inner sleeve 33 when the lead screw 32 rotates. When the inner sleeve 33 and the lugs are unlocked, the height adjustment of the frame 22 in the single cultivation layer 2 can be realized by adjusting the inner sleeve 33 when the lead screw 32 is stationary.

[0071] The bottom end of the lead screw 32 is rotatably connected to an ear plate, and the side wall of the ear plate is fixedly connected to the base plate 21 in the bottom cultivation layer 2.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the embodiment of the present application, the mixing mechanism 4 comprises a mixing box 41 which is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the top plate 12 by bolts. The mixing box 41 is rotatably connected with an impeller 42 inside, and the impeller 42 is provided with an accommodating cavity inside. A plurality of discharge ports are formed on the circumferential wall of the accommodating cavity in the circumferential direction, and the vertical section of the discharge port is inclined, which facilitates the addition of substances. The top end of the accommodating cavity is movably connected with a sleeve 43, the circumferential wall of the sleeve 43 is provided with an annular groove, and a plurality of notches are formed on the circumferential wall of the annular groove. A bearing sleeve 44 is sleeved in the annular groove, and the bearing sleeve 44 is composed of a cylinder and a drainage side branch. The drainage side branch comprises two branches which are symmetrically arranged on the circumferential wall of the cylinder, and the inner cavity of the drainage side branch is connected with the inner cavity of the sleeve 43 through the notches.

[0073] The top outer wall of the mixing box 41 is provided with a rack 45 which is bolted to the rack 45, and the rack 45 is symmetrically provided with a liquid storage tank 46. The discharge end of each liquid storage tank 46 is communicated with the bearing sleeve 44 through a liquid conveying pipe 49. The discharge end of the left liquid storage tank 46 is provided with a nutrient liquid control valve 47, and the discharge end of the right liquid storage tank 46 is provided with an acid liquid control valve 48. The nutrient liquid control valve 47 controls the input of nutrient liquid in the corresponding liquid storage tank 46, and the acid liquid control valve 48 controls the input of acid liquid in the corresponding liquid storage tank 46.

[0074] The pipeline is composed of an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a hose. The inlet pipe is loaded on the rear shell wall of the mixing box 41 and connected to the external water pump. The outlet pipe is loaded on the front shell wall of the mixing box 41, and a plurality of branch pipes for flow distribution are arranged on the outlet pipe. Each branch pipe is connected to the corresponding fertilization assembly 210 through a hose. The other end of the hose is provided with a delivery pipe connected to the corresponding liquid tank 2101 of the fertilization assembly 210 and installed with a one-way valve to prevent backflow of water and fertilizer in the liquid tank 2101.

[0075] Please refer to Figures 6-7 In the embodiment of the application, the driving member 5 includes an electric push rod 51 arranged on the bottom shell wall of the top plate 12. The output end of the electric push rod 51 is installed with a connecting arm 52, and the side of the connecting arm 52 away from the electric push rod 51 is installed with an integrated plate 53 through screws. The integrated plate 53 is provided with a back-shaped groove, and a plurality of rod bodies are slidably connected in the back-shaped groove. The left end of each rod body is fixedly connected to the corresponding moving member 27. The back-shaped groove and the rod bodies can be used adaptively for the frame 22 with height adjustment.

[0076] The bottom shell wall of the top plate 12 is provided with a guide groove, and a guide block is slidably connected in the guide groove. The bottom of the guide block is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 52. The guide groove and the guide block guide and support the movement of the connecting arm 52.

[0077] The working principle of the application is that when plants are cultivated, the seedling raising base 25 loaded with plants is placed on the base plate 21 of each cultivation layer 2 in turn, and then the height of the frame 22 in each cultivation layer 2 is uniformly adjusted by an external control system. The external control system simultaneously starts the motors 31 in the plurality of lifting assemblies 3 in the product, so that the corresponding lead screws 32 rotate. During the rotation of the lead screws 32, the inner sleeves 33 are locked and connected with the corresponding protrusions, so that the height of the frame 22 in each cultivation layer 2 is adjusted during the rotation of the lead screws 32, so that it is adapted to the growth period of the current plants.

[0078] Then, under the operation of the external control system, the lamp bodies 26 arranged in each cultivation layer 2 are controlled to be turned on and off, so as to meet the light required for plant growth.

[0079] When the frame 22 is adjusted in height, the spraying assembly and the fertilizing assembly 210 loaded thereon are moved accordingly. When the spraying assembly moves with the frame 22, the tooth ring 283 in the spraying piece 28 is engaged with the corresponding fixed rack 285 to drive the switching pipe 282 to rotate when the frame 22 is moved up and down, so as to switch the discharge port group on the switching pipe 282. According to the growth state of the plants in the seedling base 25, the discharge port group on the switching pipe 282 is adjusted to be suitable for the current plants for water and fertilizer spraying.

[0080] When the frame 22 is adjusted in height, the pushing rod 2103 on the frame 22 is displaced in contact with the bent plate 211 in combination with the return spring, so as to displace the rubber plug loaded thereon.

[0081] When the frame 22 is lifted to the maximum distance, the pushing rod 2103 is separated from the bent plate 211 under the action of the return spring, and the plurality of rubber plugs arranged thereon are separated from the corresponding notches, so that the plurality of storage cavities in the liquid tank 2101 are communicated with each other to meet the water and fertilizer spraying requirements of the plants in the growth period. The discharge port group with the largest discharge port aperture on the switching pipe 282 is in a released state, which facilitates the passage of water and fertilizer, so as to facilitate the rapid spraying of water and fertilizer.

[0082] When the plants need to be sprayed with water and fertilizer, the nutrient solution and the acid solution added to the water resource are adjusted according to the growth requirements of the current plants, so that the water and fertilizer formed by mixing can meet the growth requirements of the current plants.

[0083] When the water and fertilizer is configured, the EC value and the PH value of the water and fertilizer are set in the external control system, and then the amount of the nutrient solution and the acid solution required to reach the predetermined RC value and the PH value is calculated by the external control system. The control system determines the opening time of the nutrient solution control valve 47 and the acid solution control valve 48 in the mixing mechanism 4 according to the calculation structure. Then the control system opens the external water pump to transport water resource into the mixing tank 41 in the mixing mechanism 4 through the water inlet pipe. When the water resource enters the inside of the mixing tank 41, it impacts the impeller 42, so that the impeller 42 rotates in the inside of the mixing tank 41. After the nutrient solution control valve 47 and the acid solution control valve 48 are opened, the nutrient solution and the acid solution stored in the corresponding liquid storage tank 46 enter the inner cavity of the bearing sleeve 44 through the liquid inlet pipe 49, and then enter the inside of the sleeve 43 through the gap on the sleeve 43, and then enter the containing cavity of the impeller 42, and are discharged from the discharge port to the inside of the mixing tank 41, so as to be mixed with the water resource under the action of the rotating impeller 42 to form water and fertilizer. The water and fertilizer enters the liquid tank 2101 of the fertilizing assembly 210 in each cultivation layer 2 through the cooperation of the water outlet pipe and the hose.

[0084] When it is necessary to spray the plants, the electrically controlled one-way valve on the discharge pipe and the shunt pipe 2106 of the storage cavity is opened. The electric push rod 51 in the driving member 5 performs reciprocating extension and retraction, thereby driving the integrated plate 53 to move synchronously through the connecting arm 52. The sliding plate 271 of the moving member 27 in each cultivation layer 2 moves synchronously during the movement of the integrated plate 53. The sliding plate 271 moves synchronously to drive the fixed plate 273 and the main rack 272 to move. The fixed plate 273 moves through the cooperation of the inclined slot and the round rod to drive the push plate 2104 to move reciprocally during the movement of the fixed plate 273. The push plate 2104 moves to make the water and fertilizer in the storage cavity enter the switching pipe 282 through the cooperation of the discharge pipe and the shunt pipe 2106. Then, the water and fertilizer are sprayed through the nozzles on the discharge port group of the switching pipe 282 and the fixed pipe 281.

[0085] The main rack 272 is engaged with the driven gear 293 in the adjusting member 29 to rotate and adjust. Then, the fixed pipe 281 in the spraying member 28 moves reciprocally through the combination of the swing arm 292 and the movable arm 291. Thus, the plants in each cultivation layer 2 are uniformly sprayed with water and fertilizer.

[0086] During the operation, after the sprinkling irrigation is completed, the plant factory stabilizes the humidity in the plant factory to a suitable range for the growth of plants through the dehumidification system, so as to avoid the influence of excessive humidity on the transpiration rate of the plants.

[0087] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional planting frame based on a plant factory, comprising a base frame (1) formed by a vertical rod group (11) and a top plate (12), and a shell cover (6) arranged on the base frame (1), characterized in that: The inside of the vertical rod group (11) is longitudinally distributed with multiple cultivation layers (2) for cultivating plants, the front and back sides of the multiple cultivation layers (2) are provided with lifting assemblies (3) on the base frame (1), the lifting assemblies (3) are used for adjusting the height of the planting space in the cultivation layer (2), the top of the top plate (12) is provided with a mixing mechanism (4) for water and fertilizer configuration, the mixing mechanism (4) is connected with each cultivation layer (2) through pipelines, and the bottom of the top plate (12) is provided with a driving piece (5) for adjusting the cultivation layer (2); The cultivation layer (2) comprises a base plate (21) provided on the vertical rod group (11), the base plate (21) is provided with multiple seedling bases (25) for cultivating plants, the top of the multiple seedling bases (25) is provided with a frame body (22), the front and back sides of the frame body (22) are provided with auxiliary pieces for splicing the base plate (21), and the inside of the frame body (22) is transversely and linearly distributed with multiple lamp bodies (26) for providing light, the top of the frame body (22) is provided with a fertilization assembly (210) for temporarily storing water and fertilizer, the right side of the fertilization assembly (210) is provided with a moving piece (27) on the frame body (22), the moving piece (27) is movably connected with the fertilization assembly (210), the frame body (22) is provided with a spraying assembly for uniformly spraying water and fertilizer, the spraying assembly is composed of a spraying piece (28) and an adjusting piece (29), wherein the spraying piece (28) is connected with the fertilization assembly (210) through a hose, the adjusting piece (29) is movably connected with the moving piece (27), and the rear of the frame body (22) is provided with a bending plate (211) on the vertical rod group (11), the bending plate (211) is movably connected with the fertilization assembly (210); When the moving piece (27) moves, not only the water and fertilizer in the fertilization assembly (210) are pushed to flow, but also the adjusting piece (29) is driven to move; the water and fertilizer enter the spraying piece (28) through the hose to be discharged, and the adjusting piece (29) realizes the reciprocating movement of the spraying piece (28) in the movement process, so that the water and fertilizer are uniformly sprayed on the plants; The front and back sides of the frame body (22) are integrally provided with strip plates, the auxiliary piece comprises a sliding rail (23) provided on the bottom outer wall of the strip plate, two sliding sleeves are slidably connected on the sliding rail (23), a supporting rod (24) is movably connected to the bottom of each sliding sleeve through a pin shaft, the bottom end of the supporting rod (24) is movably connected with a support through a connecting pin, and the bottom of the support is installed on the base plate (21) through bolts; The moving piece (27) comprises a sliding groove formed in the right side shell wall of the frame body (22), a sliding plate (271) is slidably connected in the sliding groove, two supporting plates are installed on the right side shell wall of the sliding plate (271) through screws, a fixed plate (273) is installed on the front side supporting plate, and a driving rack (272) is installed on the rear side supporting plate, wherein an inclined slot is formed in the fixed plate (273). The spraying part (28) comprises a fixed pipe (281) located below the cultivation layer (2), a carrier is symmetrically sleeved on the outer shell wall of the fixed pipe (281), the top of the carrier is slidingly connected to the bottom shell wall of the frame (22), the inside of the fixed pipe (281) is sleeved with a switching pipe (282), the two ends of the switching pipe (282) respectively penetrate the corresponding ends of the fixed pipe (281), and the switching pipe (282) is sleeved with a gear ring (283), the side of each gear ring (283) is provided with a fixed gear rack (285) engaged therewith, the bottom end of the fixed gear rack (285) is provided with a supporting leg (286) installed through a screw, and the bottom end of the supporting leg (286) is installed on the base plate (21) through a bolt; A plurality of discharge port groups for water and fertilizer discharge are formed on the peripheral wall of the switching pipe (282) in the circumferential direction, each discharge port group is composed of a plurality of transversely linearly distributed discharge ports, and the discharge port apertures in different discharge port groups are different; The discharge port groups on the switching pipe (282) are divided into three kinds, the smallest aperture of the discharge ports in the discharge port group is used for fertilizing and spraying plants in the seedling stage, and the other two apertures are respectively arranged corresponding to different growth periods of plants; The outer top of the fixed pipe (281) is integrally provided with a convex rod, the convex rod is sleeved with a movable arm (291), the right end of the movable arm (291) is connected with a swing arm (292) through a movable pin, the right end of the swing arm (292) is installed with a rotating shaft, the top end of the rotating shaft penetrates the corresponding shell wall of the frame (22) and is installed with a driven gear (293), and the driven gear (293) is in meshing transmission with the corresponding driving gear rack (272); The fertilizer assembly (210) comprises a liquid tank (2101) arranged on the top shell wall of the frame (22), two partitions (2102) are equidistantly arranged in the liquid tank (2101), so that the inner cavity of the liquid tank (2101) forms three storage cavities for containing water and fertilizer, the inside of the frontmost storage cavity is provided with a push plate (2104) for pushing water and fertilizer, the right side of the push plate (2104) is installed with a movement rod (2105) extending to the outside of the liquid tank (2101), the movement rod (2105) is fixedly connected with a circular rod, and the bottom of the circular rod is slidingly connected in the chute; Each of the said partition plate (2102) is provided with an opening, the rear side shell wall of the liquid tank (2101) is provided with a hole, the hole is movably connected with a push rod (2103), the front end of the push rod (2103) extends to the inside of the liquid tank (2101), and a plurality of rubber plugs for plugging the corresponding openings are installed, and the rear end of the push rod (2103) is provided with an end disc, the end disc is rollingly connected with a ball, the ball is in rolling contact with the bending plate (211), and the end disc and the rear side shell wall of the liquid tank (2101) are sleeved with a reset spring on the push rod (2103); when the frame (22) moves up and down, the fertilization assembly (210) moves as a whole, the ball on the push rod (2103) moves on the bending plate (211) with the movement of the frame (22), and the opening of the rubber plug partition plate (2102) is blocked under the cooperation of the reset spring, so as to adapt to different growth periods of plants; The left side shell wall of the frontmost storage cavity is provided with a discharge pipe, the right side of the discharge pipe is provided with a shunt pipe (2106) on the corresponding shell wall, the discharge end of the shunt pipe (2106) is connected to the discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe and the shunt pipe (2106) are both provided with electrically controlled one-way valves, and the discharge pipe and the gear ring (283) are connected through a hose; The driving member (5) comprises an electric push rod (51) arranged on the bottom shell wall of the top plate (12), and the output end of the electric push rod (51) is provided with a connecting arm (52). The side of the connecting arm (52) away from the electric push rod (51) is provided with an integrated plate (53) through screws. The integrated plate (53) is provided with a back-shaped groove. A plurality of rod bodies are slidably connected in the back-shaped groove. The left end of each rod body is fixedly connected to the corresponding moving member (27). The bottom shell wall of the top plate (12) is provided with a guide groove, and a guide block is slidably connected in the guide groove. The bottom of the guide block is fixedly connected to the connecting arm (52).

2. The three-dimensional planting rack based on a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stand rod group (11) comprises four stand rods arranged at the bottom of the four corners of the top plate (12). The shell cover (6) is located on the right side of the base frame (1) and is fixedly connected with the top plate (12) through bolts. The upper part of the base plate (21) is provided with a rectangular placing groove. A plurality of seedling bases (25) are linearly distributed in the rectangular placing groove. Rectangular through holes for penetrating the stand rods are arranged at the four corners of the base plate (21). A support sleeve is arranged at the bottom of the rectangular through hole and is fixedly connected with the stand rod through screws.

3. The three-dimensional planting rack based on a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (3) comprises a motor (31) mounted on the top plate (12) through bolts. The output end of the motor (31) is provided with a lead screw (32). A plurality of convex blocks and inner thread sleeves (33) are sleeved on the lead screw (32). The inner thread sleeve (33) is rotatably connected to the convex block, and is threadedly connected between the inner thread sleeve (33) and the lead screw (32). The inner thread sleeve (33) and the convex block are also locked through bolts. Each convex block is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame (22). The bottom end of the screw rod (32) is rotatably connected with an ear plate through a bearing, and the side wall of the ear plate is fixedly connected to the base plate (21) in the bottommost cultivation layer (2).

4. The three-dimensional planting rack based on a plant factory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing mechanism (4) comprises a mixing box (41) fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the top plate (12) through bolts, a impeller (42) rotatably connected in the mixing box (41), a containing cavity is formed in the impeller (42), a plurality of discharge ports are formed in the circumferential direction on the peripheral wall of the containing cavity, and a sleeve (43) movably connected to the top end of the containing cavity, and a bearing sleeve (44) is sleeved on the peripheral wall of the sleeve (43); A rack (45) is mounted on the top outer wall of the mixing box (41) through bolts, and liquid storage tanks (46) are symmetrically arranged on the rack (45), the discharge end of each liquid storage tank (46) is communicated with the bearing sleeve (44) through a liquid delivery pipe (49), wherein a nutrient liquid control valve (47) is mounted on the discharge end of the left liquid storage tank (46), and an acid liquid control valve (48) is mounted on the discharge end of the right liquid storage tank (46); A plurality of notches are formed in the circumferential direction on the peripheral wall of the sleeve (43), which facilitates the mutual communication between the inner cavity of the bearing sleeve (44) and the internal space of the sleeve (43).

5. The three-dimensional planting rack based on a plant factory according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipeline is composed of a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a hose, wherein the water inlet pipe is loaded on the rear side shell wall of the mixing box (41), the water outlet pipe is loaded on the front side shell wall of the mixing box (41), and a plurality of branch pipes for flow distribution are arranged on the water outlet pipe, and each branch pipe is communicated with the corresponding fertilization assembly (210) through a hose.

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