Preparation for preventing and treating powdery mildew of rubber trees and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of rubber tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a preparation for preventing and treating powdery mildew of rubber trees and a preparation method thereof. Trichoderma harzianum, bacillus subtilis and bacillus megatherium are added into bagasse and banana branches and leaves to be fermented to prepare a fermented product, the fragrant eupatorium herb extract is added into the fermented product to continue to be fermented, and the prepared fermentation liquor can remarkably inhibit spore germination of powdery mildew of rubber trees; the bacillus subtilis has a good application prospect in the aspect of preventing and treating the powdery mildew of the rubber trees, and a new choice is provided for green prevention and biological prevention and treatment of the powdery mildew of the rubber trees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of rubber tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew on rubber trees and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rubber tree is a product processed from latex produced by natural rubber tree. Powdery mildew caused by the obligate parasitic rubber tree powdery spore is one of the most serious diseases on rubber tree. The pathogen only infects the tender leaves, buds and inflorescences of rubber tree, so the disease is mainly prevalent in the spring when rubber tree produces a large number of tender leaves. It occurs every year, and the frequency of occurrence in serious years is also increasing. When the disease occurs seriously, it can cause a sharp decrease in rubber production, bringing huge losses to the rubber cultivation industry. Therefore, preventing and controlling rubber tree powdery mildew is of great significance to the rubber cultivation industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew on rubber trees and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively inhibit powdery mildew on rubber trees.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0005] A preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.5-1.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium, 30-50 parts of spatholobiaceae, 20-40 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 20-40 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 50 parts of Herba Lycopodii, 30 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 30 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

[0007] A preparation for preventing and treating powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) taking a formula amount of banana branches and leaves and sugarcane bagasse, crushing them, adding 3-5 times of water to mix well, and then adding Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium to ferment for 7-10 days to obtain a fermentation product;

[0009] (2) Take a prescribed amount of Herba Aeroplanee, add water and boil, concentrate the extract to the weight of the medicinal material, add it to the fermentation material and continue fermenting for 3-5 days, filter and remove insoluble matter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature was maintained at 25-35°C during the fermentation process.

[0011] Furthermore, in the step (2), 5-8 times the weight of the medicinal material is added to the airplane grass and boiled for 20-30 minutes, and the boiling is repeated twice.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step (1), the number of viable Trichoderma harzianum added is ≥ 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable Bacillus subtilis added ≥ 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable bacteria in the added Bacillus megaterium is ≥10 7 cfu / mL.

[0013] The application of the above-mentioned preparation in the preparation of the rubber tree powdery mildew inhibition agent.

[0014] The application of the above-mentioned preparation in preparing a preparation for preventing and treating diseases caused by powdery mildew fungi of rubber trees.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium are all commonly used microbial agents in crop planting. The present invention adds the above-mentioned agents to bagasse and banana branches and leaves for fermentation to obtain a fermentation product, and then adds an airplane grass extract to the fermentation product for further fermentation. The obtained fermentation liquid can significantly inhibit the spore germination of rubber tree powdery mildew fungus, has good application prospects in preventing and controlling rubber tree powdery mildew, and provides a new choice for green prevention and biological prevention of rubber tree powdery mildew fungus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] A preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of Trichoderma harzianum, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of Bacillus megaterium, 30 parts of spatholobiaceae, 20 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 20 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

[0020] A preparation for preventing and treating powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following steps:

[0021] (1) Take a formula amount of banana branches and leaves and sugarcane bagasse, crush them, add 3-5 times of water and mix well, then add Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium and ferment for 7-10 days to obtain a fermentation product; during the fermentation process, the temperature is maintained at 25-35°C.

[0022] (2) Take a prescribed amount of Herba Aeroplaneae, add 5-8 times the weight of the medicinal material in water and boil for 20-30 minutes, boil twice, concentrate the extract to the weight of the medicinal material, add it to the fermentation material and continue to ferment for 3-5 days. During the fermentation process, the temperature is maintained at 25-35° C., and filter out insoluble matter to obtain a fermentation liquid.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] A preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew on rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 50 parts of spatholobiaceae, 30 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 30 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

[0025] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0026] Example 3

[0027] A preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium, 50 parts of spatholobiaceae, 40 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 40 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

[0028] The preparation method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the number of viable bacteria in the Trichoderma harzianum is 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable bacteria in the Bacillus subtilis is 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable bacteria in Bacillus megaterium is 10 7 cfu / mL, and the bacterial agents were purchased from Beihai Qiangxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0030] Example 4 Antibacterial Experiment

[0031] Rubber tree powdery mildew fungus (O. heveae) was collected from Danzhou City, Hainan Province, inoculated on susceptible rubber tree seedlings cultivated in an incubator, and preserved alive.

[0032] Experimental groups 1-3 respectively took the preparations prepared in Examples 1-3, and the control group followed the ratio and preparation method of Example 2, wherein in control group 1, no airplane grass extract was added and only one-step fermentation was carried out; in control group 2, airplane grass extract was added together with sugarcane bagasse and cassava branches and leaves for one-step fermentation.

[0033] The fermentation broth of the experimental group and the control group was adjusted with sterile water to a total viable count of 1×10 8cfu / ml dilution. Use a brush to sweep the conidia of fresh rubber tree powder spore fungus into sterile water, add 100μL dilution respectively, and use sterile water as blank control. Culture in a 25℃ constant temperature incubator. After 24h, use a pipette to take 20μL and put it on a concave glass slide, observe under a microscope, repeat each treatment 3 times, and calculate the germination rate and spore germination inhibition rate.

[0034] Spore germination rate (%) = germination number / total number of spores × 100%

[0035] Spore germination inhibition rate (%) = (control germination rate - treatment germination rate) / control germination rate × 100%.

[0036] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0037] Table 1 Inhibitory effect of different fermentation liquids on rubber tree powdery mildew

[0038] Treatment Group Total number of spores Number of germinations Germination rate (%) Germination inhibition rate (%) Example 1 203 21 10.34 85.02 Example 2 176 16 9.09 86.83 Example 3 193 13 6.74 90.23 Control group 1 157 90 57.32 16.94 Control group 2 160 70 43.75 36.60 Blank control 213 147 69.01 0.00

[0039] As can be seen from Table 1, the fermented liquid obtained by the three embodiments of the present invention has a good inhibitory effect on rubber powdery mildew, and the inhibitory effect can reach more than 85%. However, the control group 1 did not add the airplane grass extract, and the inhibitory effect was significantly reduced. The control group 2 added the airplane grass extract, and although its inhibitory effect was higher than that of the control group 1, due to the addition of the airplane grass extract first, its inhibition rate was still significantly lower than that of the three embodiment groups. It is illustrated that the fermented liquid obtained by the three embodiments of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on the rubber tree powdery mildew fungus due to the two control groups.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation for preventing and treating powdery mildew of rubber trees, characterized in that, The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.5-1.5 parts of Bacillus megaterium, 30-50 parts of Herba Lycopodii, 20-40 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 20-40 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

2. A preparation for preventing and treating rubber tree powdery mildew as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation for preventing and controlling powdery mildew of rubber trees comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of Trichoderma harzianum, 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 50 parts of spatholobiaceae, 30 parts of banana branches and leaves, and 30 parts of sugarcane bagasse.

3. A method for preparing a preparation for preventing and treating rubber tree powdery mildew as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: (1) taking a formula amount of banana branches and leaves and sugarcane bagasse, crushing them, adding 3-5 times of water to mix well, and then adding Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium to ferment for 7-10 days to obtain a fermentation product; (2) Take a prescribed amount of Herba Aeroplanee, add water and boil, concentrate the extract to the weight of the medicinal material, add it to the fermentation material and continue fermenting for 3-5 days, filter and remove insoluble matter to obtain the fermentation liquid.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature is maintained at 25-35°C during the fermentation process.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (2), add 5-8 times the weight of the medicinal material water to the airplane grass and boil it for 20-30 minutes, and boil it twice.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step (1), the number of viable Trichoderma harzianum added is ≥ 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable Bacillus subtilis added ≥ 10 7 cfu / mL, the number of viable bacteria in the added Bacillus megaterium is ≥10 7 cfu / mL.

7. Application of the preparation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of powdery mildew inhibition of rubber trees.

8. Application of the preparation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in the preparation for preventing and treating diseases caused by powdery mildew fungi of rubber trees.