Dovetail groove machining sleeve cutter assembly and dovetail groove machining method

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of machine tool accessories and application thereof, and provides a dovetail groove machining sleeve cutter assembly and a dovetail groove machining method.The dovetail groove machining sleeve cutter assembly comprises a cutter loading driving module, and the cutter loading driving module comprises a longitudinal cutter changing driving unit, a transverse cutter changing driving unit and a cutter angle adjusting unit; a straight side wall machining tool used for machining the straight side wall and part of the bottom wall of the dovetail groove and an inclined side wall machining tool used for machining the inclined side wall and the remaining bottom wall of the dovetail groove are installed on a tool installation base of the tool angle adjusting unit. The tool mounting base can rotate to adapt to different operation angles of the straight side wall machining tool and the inclined side wall machining tool, and meanwhile through cooperation of the longitudinal tool changing driving unit and the transverse tool changing driving unit, the two tools are matched to complete machining of a workpiece dovetail groove in a sequential machining mode under the condition that the tools are not changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention is applicable to the technical field of machine tool accessories and application thereof, and provides a dovetail groove processing tool set assembly and a dovetail groove processing method. Background Art

[0002] In the modern mechanical processing industry, machine tools are an extremely important processing equipment. Through various tools and other machine tools, various types of workpieces can be processed and manufactured. However, many complex workpiece structures cannot be processed directly with one tool, and multiple tools are required for coordinated processing. Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 The workpiece in the workpiece has a circular dovetail groove, and the cross-section of the dovetail groove is a shape that is approximately an inverted right-angled trapezoid. This dovetail groove needs to be processed on three surfaces: the straight side wall, the oblique side wall and the bottom wall. However, due to its inverted right-angled trapezoid shape, the opening is small, and the inner cavity size gradually increases. In the processing of the groove, the maximum size of the tool head cannot exceed the size of the slot. Therefore, in the processing of the dovetail groove, there is no way to complete the processing directly with one tool, but at least two tools are required to process it successively, including a tool for processing the oblique side wall and a tool for processing the straight side wall. When processing with ordinary machine tools, it needs to be processed twice, and the cost of using CNC machine tools will be much higher. At the same time, the tool for processing the oblique side wall also needs to be cut obliquely. This structure requires either a special fixture that cannot be used with the straight side wall tool, or the tool head for processing the oblique side wall needs to be tilted relative to the tool rod. However, this tool structure will cause the force direction of the tool head to be tilted with the axis of the tool rod, so the tool head is more likely to break and its durability is reduced. Summary of the invention

[0003] To this end, the present invention provides a dovetail groove processing tool assembly and a dovetail groove processing method, wherein two tools, a straight side wall processing tool and an inclined side wall processing tool, are simultaneously loaded and fixed through a tool angle adjustment unit. The tool angle adjustment unit includes a tool mounting seat that can rotate an angle, so that the tool mounting seat can simultaneously meet the different installation angles of the straight side wall processing tool and the inclined side wall processing tool.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dovetail groove processing tool assembly, comprising: Tool loading drive module, used to fix each processing tool; A straight side wall processing tool comprises a straight side wall tool bar, the straight side wall tool bar is fixedly mounted on a tool loading and driving module, one end of the straight side wall tool bar is fixedly provided with a straight side wall tool head, the straight side wall tool head comprises a first bottom wall blade for processing the bottom wall of the dovetail groove and a straight side wall blade for processing the straight side wall of the dovetail groove; The bevel side wall processing tool comprises a bevel side wall tool rod, which is fixedly mounted on a tool loading and driving module, and a bevel side wall tool head is fixedly arranged at one end of the bevel side wall tool rod, and the bevel side wall tool head comprises a second bottom wall blade for processing the bottom wall of the dovetail groove and a bevel side wall blade for processing the bevel side wall of the dovetail groove.

[0005] Furthermore, the tool loading drive module includes: Fixed bottom plate; A longitudinal tool change drive unit, comprising a longitudinal moving seat and a longitudinal drive device, wherein the longitudinal moving seat is slidably connected to the fixed bottom plate, and the longitudinal drive device is drivingly connected to the longitudinal moving seat; The transverse feed drive unit comprises a transverse moving seat and a transverse driving device, wherein the transverse moving seat is slidably connected to the longitudinal moving seat, and the transverse driving device is drivingly connected to the transverse moving seat; The tool angle adjustment unit includes an angle adjustment fixed base, a tool mounting seat and a mounting seat rotation drive device, the angle adjustment fixed base is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped limit track, the tool mounting seat is provided with an arc-shaped track groove compatible with the aforementioned arc-shaped limit track, the tool mounting seat is slidably connected to the arc-shaped limit track through the arc-shaped track groove, the mounting seat rotation drive device is used to drive the tool mounting seat to slide back and forth along the arc-shaped limit track, and the straight side wall tool rod and the inclined side wall tool rod are both fixedly mounted on the tool mounting seat.

[0006] Furthermore, the mounting seat rotation driving device is drivingly connected to the tool mounting seat via a turbine worm gear transmission mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the tool angle adjustment unit also includes a tool angle detection camera, and the tool angle detection camera is arranged above the tool mounting seat.

[0008] Furthermore, the longitudinal tool-changing drive unit also includes a longitudinal position detection device, which includes a proximity switch and at least two switch trigger blocks. The proximity switch is fixedly connected to the longitudinal drive device via a switch bracket, and the switch trigger block is connected to the longitudinal moving seat.

[0009] Furthermore, the longitudinal position detection device also includes a position adjustment screw, the position adjustment screw is fixedly connected to the longitudinal movable seat, and the switch trigger block is threadedly connected to the position adjustment screw.

[0010] Furthermore, the longitudinal drive device, the transverse drive device and the mounting seat rotation drive device are all servo motors.

[0011] At the same time, a dovetail groove processing method using the dovetail groove processing tool assembly is provided, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation stage, firstly, according to the size of the dovetail groove, a suitable straight side wall cutter head and an inclined side wall cutter head are selected, and then they are respectively installed on the straight side wall tool bar and the inclined side wall tool bar, and then the assembled straight side wall processing tool and the straight side wall processing tool are fixedly installed on the tool mounting seat, and at the same time, the workpiece to be processed with the dovetail groove is fixed on the spindle of the machine tool; S2: In the tool setting stage, the straight side wall cutter head is first moved to the initial processing point of the straight side wall of the dovetail groove by controlling the longitudinal drive device and the transverse drive device, and the straight side wall cutting position data at this time is recorded, and a switch trigger block on the adjusting screw is adjusted to the position to trigger, and then the machine tool is started, and a straight side wall processing tool processing procedure is completed by manually controlling the transverse drive device to ensure that it meets the processing requirements, and then the transverse drive device is controlled to retract the straight side wall cutter head, and the tool mounting seat is driven to rotate by the mounting seat rotation drive device until the oblique side wall cutter head rotates to the feed angle, and then the oblique side wall cutter head is moved to the initial processing point of the oblique side wall of the dovetail groove by controlling the longitudinal drive device and the transverse drive device, and the oblique side wall cutting position data at this time is recorded, and another switch trigger block on the adjusting screw is adjusted to the position to trigger, and then the oblique side wall processing tool processing procedure is completed by manually controlling the transverse drive device, and after ensuring that it meets the processing requirements, the equipment is adjusted to the initial position; S3: Automatic processing stage, the workpiece to be processed is installed on the machine tool spindle, and then the machine tool is started. First, the longitudinal drive device drives the longitudinal moving seat to the first switch trigger block and stops after being triggered by the proximity switch. Then the transverse drive device starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool to continue to approach the workpiece to be processed, until the straight side wall cutter head reaches the processing position and starts to cooperate with the machine tool spindle to complete the processing of the straight side wall and part of the bottom wall of the dovetail groove. After that, the transverse drive device drives the straight side wall processing tool to retract, and then the mounting seat rotation drive device drives the tool mounting seat to rotate, and drives the inclined side wall processing tool to rotate to the lower cutting angle. At the same time When the second switch trigger block is triggered by the proximity switch, the longitudinal drive device drives the longitudinal moving seat to stop, and then the transverse drive device starts to drive the oblique side wall processing tool to continue to approach the workpiece to be processed, until the oblique side wall cutter head reaches the processing position and begins to cooperate with the machine tool spindle to complete the processing of the oblique side wall of the dovetail groove and the bottom wall of the remaining part after the straight side wall cutter head processes. Since then, the processing of the dovetail groove is completed, and the subsequent transverse drive device drives the oblique side wall processing tool to retract, and the mounting seat rotation drive device drives the tool mounting seat to rotate back to the initial angle. At the same time, the longitudinal drive device drives the longitudinal moving seat to return to the initial position, waiting for the next processing.

[0012] Furthermore, in the step S2, while recording the cutting position data of the straight side wall at this time, the position and angle of the straight side wall processing tool at this time are recorded by the tool angle detection camera as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool, and while recording the cutting position data of the inclined side wall at this time, the position and angle of the inclined side wall processing tool at this time are recorded by the tool angle detection camera as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool; in the step S3, before the lateral driving device starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool to continuously approach the workpiece to be processed, the tool angle detection camera is first used to confirm whether the position angle of the straight side wall processing tool meets the feed reference. Similarly, before the lateral driving device starts to drive the inclined side wall processing tool to continuously approach the workpiece to be processed, the tool angle detection camera is also used to confirm whether the position angle of the inclined side wall processing tool meets the feed reference.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, two tools, a straight side wall processing tool and an inclined side wall processing tool, are installed at the same time through a tool loading drive module, and the positions of the two tools are controlled by a longitudinal tool change drive unit and a transverse tool feed drive unit, so that the two tools cooperate to complete the processing of the dovetail groove by a sequential processing method without changing the tools; 2. The tool angle adjustment unit can change the angle of the tool relative to the machine tool spindle, so that the installation direction of the bevel side wall cutter head of the bevel side wall processing tool can be parallel to the axis of the bevel side wall tool rod to increase its service life and reduce wear. When using the bevel side wall processing tool, the angle of the bevel side wall processing tool can be changed by rotating the tool mounting seat to meet its cutting requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dovetail groove processing tool assembly mentioned in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the longitudinal tool change drive unit and the transverse tool feed drive unit mentioned in the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal position detection device; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the tool angle adjustment unit and the straight side wall processing tool and the inclined side wall processing tool mentioned in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural cross-sectional view of a workpiece that is subjected to dovetail groove processing using the dovetail groove processing tool assembly in the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A; Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of the straight side wall processing tool mentioned in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the straight side wall processing tool mentioned in the present invention when processing a dovetail groove; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oblique side wall processing tool mentioned in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inclined side wall processing tool mentioned in the present invention when processing a dovetail groove.

[0015] In the figure: 100. longitudinal tool change drive unit, 110. longitudinal moving seat, 120. longitudinal drive device, 130. longitudinal position detection device, 131. switch bracket, 132. proximity switch, 133. position adjustment screw, 134. switch trigger block; 200, transverse feed drive unit, 210, transverse moving seat, 220, transverse drive device; 300. tool angle adjustment unit, 310. angle adjustment fixed base, 320. arc-shaped limiting track, 330. tool mounting seat, 340. mounting seat rotation driving device, 350. worm gear transmission mechanism, 360. tool angle detection camera; 400, straight side wall processing tool, 410, straight side wall tool bar, 420, straight side wall tool head; 500, a bevel side wall processing tool, 510, a bevel side wall tool bar, 520, a bevel side wall tool head; 600, fixing the bottom plate; 700, workpiece, 710, annular dovetail groove, 711, straight side wall of dovetail groove, 712, bottom wall of dovetail groove, 713, inclined side wall of dovetail groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] For example, see the attached Figure 1 The present invention provides a dovetail groove processing tool assembly, including a tool loading and driving module, the tool loading and driving module is fixedly installed with a straight side wall processing tool 400 and an inclined side wall processing tool 500, as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, the straight side wall processing tool 400 includes a straight side wall tool rod 410, and a straight side wall tool head 420 is fixedly provided at one end of the straight side wall tool rod 410. The straight side wall tool head 420 includes a first bottom wall blade for processing the bottom wall 712 of the dovetail groove and a straight side wall blade for processing the straight side wall 711 of the dovetail groove. Fig. 9As shown, the oblique side wall processing tool 500 includes an oblique side wall tool rod 510, and an oblique side wall tool head 520 is fixedly provided at one end of the oblique side wall tool rod 510. The oblique side wall tool head 520 includes a second bottom wall blade for processing the bottom wall 712 of the dovetail groove and an oblique side wall blade for processing the oblique side wall 713 of the dovetail groove; As attached Figure 2 As shown, the tool loading drive module includes a fixed base plate 600, a longitudinal tool change drive unit 100, a transverse tool change drive unit and a tool angle adjustment unit 300. The longitudinal tool change drive unit 100 includes a longitudinal moving seat 110 and a longitudinal driving device 120. The longitudinal moving seat 110 is slidably connected to the fixed base plate 600. In this embodiment, a linear track mechanism is used to realize the sliding limit of the longitudinal moving seat 110, so that it can move in a set direction; the longitudinal driving device 120 is drivingly connected to the longitudinal moving seat 110, and is used to drive the longitudinal moving seat 110 to reciprocate along the track direction. The transverse feed drive unit 200 includes a transverse moving seat 210 and a transverse driving device 220. The transverse moving seat 210 is also slidingly connected to the longitudinal moving seat 110 through a linear track mechanism. The transverse driving device 220 is drivingly connected to the transverse moving seat 210, and is used to drive the transverse moving seat 210 to realize transverse movement. As shown in the attached Figure 4As shown, the tool angle adjustment unit 300 includes an angle adjustment fixed base 310, a tool mounting seat 330 and a mounting seat rotation drive device 340. The angle adjustment fixed base 310 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped limiting track 320. The tool mounting seat 330 is provided with an arc-shaped track groove adapted to the aforementioned arc-shaped limiting track 320. The tool mounting seat 330 is slidably connected to the arc-shaped limiting track 320 through the arc-shaped track groove. The mounting seat rotation drive device 340 and the tool mounting seat 330 are driven and connected by a turbine worm transmission mechanism 350. In this embodiment, the worm is connected and driven by the mounting seat rotation drive device 340, and the function of the turbine part is achieved by setting the outer side of the tool mounting seat 330 to an arc shape and providing turbine teeth on the arc-shaped outer side wall of the tool mounting seat 330. In this way, the mounting seat rotation drive device 340 can drive the tool mounting seat 330 to slide back and forth along the arc-shaped limiting track 320. The turbine worm transmission mechanism 350 is used to transmit power because its transmission More precise, suitable for application scenarios of the present invention, the straight side wall tool rod 410 and the oblique side wall tool rod 510 are both fixedly mounted on the tool mounting seat 330, the above-mentioned longitudinal drive device 120, transverse drive device 220 and mounting seat rotation drive device 340 are all servo motors, and the displacement can be more accurately controlled by the servo motor to ensure the accuracy and consistency of position adjustment, wherein the longitudinal tool change drive unit 100 is used for the longitudinal movement of the tool and the conversion of two tools, the transverse feed drive unit 200 is used for the tool to feed the tool into the processing position of the workpiece 700, and the tool angle adjustment unit 300 is adapted to the different tool clamping angles required for the straight side wall processing tool 400 and the oblique side wall processing tool 500 during processing through the rotatable tool mounting seat 330, and the tool angle adjustment unit 300 can also adapt to other dovetail groove oblique side wall processing tools 500 with different inclinations, and it only needs to change the preset rotation angle of the tool mounting seat 330.

[0018] In some of these embodiments, as shown in the attached Figure 4 As shown, the tool angle adjustment unit 300 also includes a tool angle detection camera 360, which is arranged above the tool mounting seat 330. The tool angle detection camera 360 can respectively record the positions and angles of the straight side wall processing tool 400 and the inclined side wall processing tool 500 relative to the workpiece 700 in the predetermined operation stage, so that the positions of the two tools can be detected before they are used for processing to prevent the tool position deviation caused by repeated use.

[0019] In some of these embodiments, as shown in the attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3As shown, the longitudinal tool change drive unit 100 also includes a longitudinal position detection device 130, which includes a proximity switch 132, a position adjustment screw 133 and two switch trigger blocks 134. The proximity switch 132 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal drive device 120 through a switch bracket 131, the position adjustment screw 133 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving seat 110, and the switch trigger block 134 is threadedly connected to the position adjustment screw 133. In this way, the switch trigger block 134 can easily adjust the position. During the movement of the moving seat 110, the proximity switch 132 can be triggered by two switch trigger blocks 134 respectively. In actual use, the two switch trigger blocks 134 respectively correspond to the longitudinal moving seat 110 moving until the straight side wall processing tool 400 reaches the predetermined working position and the inclined side wall processing tool 500 reaches the predetermined working position. This adds an additional detection for the placement of the tool. Once the data recorded by the controller is inconsistent with the data when the proximity switch 132 is triggered, it may mean that the tool has not reached the predetermined position, which can further reduce the generation of defective parts.

[0020] At the same time, the present invention also provides a dovetail groove processing method using the above-mentioned dovetail groove processing tool assembly to process the dovetail groove. In this embodiment, the workpiece 700 to be processed with the dovetail groove is as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, the workpiece 700 is provided with an annular dovetail groove 710, and the annular dovetail groove 710 is the position to be processed in the present invention, as shown in the attached Figure 6 As shown, the cross section of the annular dovetail groove 710 is in the shape of an inverted right-angled trapezoid, and is composed of a dovetail groove straight side wall 711, a dovetail groove bottom wall 712, and a dovetail groove oblique side wall 713 connected in sequence. The dovetail groove processing method provided by the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Preparation stage, firstly, according to the size of the dovetail groove, a suitable straight side wall cutter head 420 and an inclined side wall cutter head 520 are selected, and then they are respectively installed on the straight side wall cutter bar 410 and the inclined side wall cutter bar 510, and then the assembled straight side wall processing tool 400 and the straight side wall processing tool 400 are fixedly installed on the tool mounting seat 330. In this embodiment, the straight side wall cutter bar 410 and the inclined side wall cutter bar 510 are generally fixed to the preset hole position of the tool mounting seat 330 by fastening screws, and at the same time, a workpiece 700 that needs to be processed with a dovetail groove is fixed to the machine tool spindle for tool adjustment; S2: Tool setting stage, by controlling the longitudinal drive device 120 and the transverse drive device 220, first move the straight side wall cutter head 420 to the dovetail groove straight side wall 711 processing initial point, record the straight side wall cutting position data at this time, and adjust a switch trigger block 134 on the adjusting screw to the position trigger, then start the machine tool, and complete a processing procedure of the straight side wall processing tool 400 by manually controlling the transverse drive device 220 to ensure that it meets the processing requirements. The position between the straight side wall processing tool 400 and the workpiece 700 during processing is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown, the transverse drive device 220 is then controlled to retract the straight side wall cutter head 420, and the tool mounting seat 330 is driven to rotate through the mounting seat rotation drive device 340 until the oblique side wall cutter head 520 rotates to the feed angle, and then the oblique side wall cutter head 520 is moved to the dovetail groove oblique side wall 713 processing initial point by controlling the longitudinal drive device 120 and the transverse drive device 220, and the oblique side wall cutting position data at this time is recorded, and another switch trigger block 134 on the adjusting screw is adjusted to the position trigger, and then the processing process of the oblique side wall processing tool 500 is completed by manually controlling the transverse drive device 220. The position between the oblique side wall processing tool 500 and the workpiece 700 during processing is as shown in the attached figure. Fig.10 As shown, after ensuring that the processing requirements are met, the equipment is adjusted to the initial position. The operating data of each component in the above process is recorded by the machine tool control host as a benchmark for automatic processing; S3: In the automatic processing stage, the workpiece 700 to be processed is mounted on the machine tool spindle, and then the machine tool is started. First, the longitudinal drive device 120 drives the longitudinal movable seat 110 until the first switch trigger block 134 is triggered by the proximity switch 132 and then stops. At this time, it means that the straight side wall processing tool 400 has reached the predetermined feed position. Then the transverse drive device 220 starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool 400 to continue to approach the workpiece 700 to be processed, until the straight side wall cutter head 420 reaches the processing position and starts to cooperate with the machine tool spindle to complete the processing of the dovetail groove straight side wall 711 and part of the bottom wall. After that, the transverse drive device 220 drives the straight side wall processing tool 400 to retreat, and then the mounting seat rotation drive device 340 drives the tool mounting seat 330 to rotate, and drives the oblique side wall processing tool 500 to rotate. Turn to the cutting angle. At the same time, the longitudinal drive device 120 drives the longitudinal movable seat 110 to the second switch trigger block 134 and stops after being triggered by the proximity switch 132. Then the transverse drive device 220 starts to drive the inclined side wall processing tool 500 to continue to approach the workpiece 700 to be processed, until the inclined side wall cutter head 520 reaches the processing position and begins to cooperate with the machine tool spindle to complete the processing of the dovetail groove inclined side wall 713 and the bottom wall of the remaining part after processing by the straight side wall cutter head 420. The processing of the dovetail groove is completed. Subsequently, the transverse drive device 220 drives the inclined side wall processing tool 500 to retreat, and the mounting seat rotation drive device 340 drives the tool mounting seat 330 to rotate back to the initial angle. At the same time, the longitudinal drive device 120 drives the longitudinal movable seat 110 to return to the initial position, waiting for the next processing.

[0021] In a more preferred embodiment, in the above-mentioned step S2, while recording the position data of the straight side wall cutting tool at this time, the position and angle of the straight side wall processing tool 400 at this time are recorded through the tool angle detection camera 360, which serves as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool 400; while recording the position data of the inclined side wall cutting tool at this time, the position and angle of the inclined side wall processing tool 500 at this time are recorded through the tool angle detection camera 360, which serves as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool 400; correspondingly, in the above-mentioned step S3, the lateral drive device Before the lateral drive device 220 starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool 400 to continuously approach the workpiece 700 to be processed, the tool angle detection camera 360 is first used to confirm whether the position angle of the straight side wall processing tool 400 meets the feed reference. Similarly, before the lateral drive device 220 starts to drive the oblique side wall processing tool 500 to continuously approach the workpiece 700 to be processed, the tool angle detection camera 360 is also used to confirm whether the position angle of the oblique side wall processing tool 500 meets the feed reference. This can ensure that the feed position of the tool will not deviate during the continuous processing process.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, longitudinal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0023] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify the present invention by using the above technical solutions or modify it into an equivalent technical solution. Therefore, any simple modification or equivalent replacement made according to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dovetail groove processing tool assembly, characterized in that: include: Tool loading drive module, used to fix each processing tool; A straight side wall processing tool (400) comprises a straight side wall tool rod (410), wherein the straight side wall tool rod (410) is fixedly mounted on a tool loading and driving module, and a straight side wall tool head (420) is fixedly arranged at one end of the straight side wall tool rod (410), wherein the straight side wall tool head (420) comprises a first bottom wall blade for processing a dovetail groove bottom wall (712) and a straight side wall blade for processing a dovetail groove straight side wall (711); A bevel side wall processing tool (500) comprises a bevel side wall tool rod (510), wherein the bevel side wall tool rod (510) is fixedly mounted on a tool loading and driving module, and a bevel side wall tool head (520) is fixedly arranged at one end of the bevel side wall tool rod (510), wherein the bevel side wall tool head (520) comprises a second bottom wall blade for processing a dovetail groove bottom wall (712) and a bevel side wall blade for processing a dovetail groove bevel side wall (713).

2. The dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool loading drive module comprises: Fixed bottom plate (600); A longitudinal tool-changing drive unit (100) comprises a longitudinal movable seat (110) and a longitudinal drive device (120), wherein the longitudinal movable seat (110) is slidably connected to a fixed base plate (600), and the longitudinal drive device (120) is drivingly connected to the longitudinal movable seat (110); A transverse feed drive unit (200) comprises a transverse moving seat (210) and a transverse driving device (220), wherein the transverse moving seat (210) is slidably connected to the longitudinal moving seat (110), and the transverse driving device (220) is drivingly connected to the transverse moving seat (210); The tool angle adjustment unit (300) comprises an angle adjustment fixed base (310), a tool mounting seat (330) and a mounting seat rotation driving device (340), wherein the angle adjustment fixed base (310) is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped limiting track (320), the tool mounting seat (330) is provided with an arc-shaped track groove adapted to the aforementioned arc-shaped limiting track (320), the tool mounting seat (330) is slidably connected to the arc-shaped limiting track (320) via the arc-shaped track groove, the mounting seat rotation driving device (340) is used to drive the tool mounting seat (330) to slide back and forth along the arc-shaped limiting track (320), and the straight side wall tool rod (410) and the oblique side wall tool rod (510) are both fixedly installed on the tool mounting seat (330).

3. A dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting seat rotation driving device (340) is drivingly connected to the tool mounting seat (330) via a turbine worm gear transmission mechanism (350).

4. A dovetail groove machining tool assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool angle adjustment unit (300) further comprises a tool angle detection camera (360), wherein the tool angle detection camera (360) is arranged above the tool mounting seat (330).

5. The dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal tool change drive unit (100) further comprises a longitudinal position detection device (130), the longitudinal position detection device (130) comprising a proximity switch (132) and at least two switch trigger blocks (134), the proximity switch (132) being fixedly connected to the longitudinal drive device (120) via a switch bracket (131), and the switch trigger block (134) being connected to the longitudinal movable seat (110).

6. A dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal position detection device (130) further comprises a position adjustment screw (133), wherein the position adjustment screw (133) is fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving seat (110), and the switch trigger block (134) is threadedly connected to the position adjustment screw (133).

7. The dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal drive device (120), the transverse drive device (220) and the mounting seat rotation drive device (340) are all servo motors.

8. A dovetail groove processing method using the dovetail groove processing tool assembly according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation stage, firstly, according to the size of the dovetail groove, a suitable straight side wall cutter head (420) and an inclined side wall cutter head (520) are selected, and then they are respectively installed on the straight side wall tool rod (410) and the inclined side wall tool rod (510), and then the assembled straight side wall processing tool (400) and the straight side wall processing tool (400) are fixedly installed on the tool mounting seat (330), and at the same time, the workpiece (700) to be processed with the dovetail groove is fixed on the main shaft of the machine tool; S2: Tool setting stage, by controlling the longitudinal drive device (120) and the transverse drive device (220), firstly, the straight side wall cutter head (420) is moved to the initial processing point of the dovetail groove straight side wall (711), and the straight side wall cutting position data at this time is recorded, and a switch trigger block (134) on the adjustment screw is adjusted to the position to trigger, and then the machine tool is started, and the processing procedure of the straight side wall processing tool (400) is completed by manually controlling the transverse drive device (220) to ensure that it meets the processing requirements, and then the transverse drive device (220) is controlled to retract the straight side wall cutter head (420), and the drive device is rotated by the mounting seat to drive the mounting seat. The device (340) drives the tool mounting seat (330) to rotate until the inclined side wall cutter head (520) rotates to the cutting angle, and then controls the longitudinal drive device (120) and the transverse drive device (220) to move the inclined side wall cutter head (520) to the initial processing point of the dovetail groove inclined side wall (713), and records the inclined side wall cutting position data at this time, and adjusts another switch trigger block (134) on the adjustment screw to the position to trigger, and then manually controls the transverse drive device (220) to complete a processing procedure of the inclined side wall processing tool (500), and after ensuring that the processing requirements are met, the equipment is adjusted to the initial position; S3: Automatic processing stage, the workpiece (700) to be processed is mounted on the main spindle of the machine tool, and then the machine tool is started. First, the longitudinal drive device (120) drives the longitudinal movable seat (110) to stop after the first switch trigger block (134) is triggered by the proximity switch (132). Then, the transverse drive device (220) starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool (400) to continue to approach the workpiece (700) to be processed, until the straight side wall tool head (420) reaches the processing position and starts to cooperate with the main spindle of the machine tool to complete the processing of the dovetail groove straight side wall (711) and part of the bottom wall. Then, the transverse drive device (220) drives the straight side wall processing tool (400) to retreat, and then the mounting seat rotation drive device (340) drives the tool mounting seat (330) to rotate, and drives the oblique side wall processing tool (500) to rotate to the lower cutting angle. At the same time, the longitudinal drive device (120) drives the tool mounting seat (330) to rotate, and drives the oblique side wall processing tool (500) to rotate to the lower cutting angle. The drive device (120) drives the longitudinal movable seat (110) until the second switch trigger block (134) is triggered by the proximity switch (132) and then stops. Then, the transverse drive device (220) starts to drive the oblique side wall processing tool (500) to continue to approach the workpiece (700) to be processed, until the oblique side wall cutter head (520) reaches the processing position and starts to cooperate with the machine tool spindle to complete the processing of the oblique side wall (713) of the dovetail groove and the bottom wall of the remaining part after the straight side wall cutter head (420) processes. The processing of the dovetail groove is completed. Subsequently, the transverse drive device (220) drives the oblique side wall processing tool (500) to retreat, and the mounting seat rotation drive device (340) drives the tool mounting seat (330) to rotate back to the initial angle. At the same time, the longitudinal drive device (120) drives the longitudinal movable seat (110) to return to the initial position and wait for the next processing.

9. A dovetail groove processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S2, while recording the cutting position data of the straight side wall at that time, the position and angle of the straight side wall processing tool (400) at that time are recorded by the tool angle detection camera (360) as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool (400); while recording the cutting position data of the oblique side wall at that time, the position and angle of the oblique side wall processing tool (500) at that time are recorded by the tool angle detection camera (360) as the feed reference of the straight side wall processing tool (400); in the step S3 Before the lateral drive device (220) starts to drive the straight side wall processing tool (400) to continuously approach the workpiece (700) to be processed, the tool angle detection camera (360) is first used to confirm whether the position angle of the straight side wall processing tool (400) meets the feed reference. Similarly, before the lateral drive device (220) starts to drive the oblique side wall processing tool (500) to continuously approach the workpiece (700) to be processed, the tool angle detection camera (360) is also used to confirm whether the position angle of the oblique side wall processing tool (500) meets the feed reference.

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