Dust removal system and dust removal method for laser cutting machine and laser cutting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal system and method for a laser cutting machine and the laser cutting machine, and belongs to the field of laser machining equipment. According to the technical scheme, the dust removal system of the laser cutting machine comprises a side dust removal device capable of being arranged on the side of a machine body of the cutting machine, the side dust removal device comprises an X-axis air draft pipeline, the X-axis air draft pipeline is connected with an X-axis fan, and a follow-up component is arranged on the X-axis air draft pipeline; the upper dust removal device can be arranged on a cross beam of the cutting machine, the upper dust removal device comprises a Y-axis air draft pipeline, the Y-axis air draft pipeline is divided into at least two air draft areas, and each air draft area is connected to the transition pipeline through a valve and is communicated with the follow-up component. According to the scheme, the upper dust removal device capable of following in the Y-axis direction is arranged on the cross beam of the laser cutting machine, air draft and dust removal are directly carried out at the position, the dust removal position is located above the machining position of the laser cutting machine at any time, the dust removal position is closer to the machining position, and the dust removal effect is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser processing equipment, and particularly to a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, a dust removal method for a laser cutting machine, and a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting machines are widely used in the processing field. It uses high-energy laser beams and can perform processing such as cutting, engraving, and punching on various materials such as metals, acrylics, woods, and fabrics. It is used for cutting body parts in automobile manufacturing, can process tiny components in electronic equipment manufacturing, and can handle special materials in the aerospace field. With the development of technology, its processing accuracy, speed, and stability have been continuously improved.

[0003] Existing laser cutting machines usually adopt a structure with follow-up dust removal on the X-axis. The dust removal port is arranged on one side of the laser cutting machine. During cutting, the cutting head of the laser cutting machine moves along the beam in the X-axis direction for operation. At the same time, the dust removal port corresponding to the current position of the beam is opened to extract the generated dust by suction from the current processing area. In this way, the diffusion of dust in the processing area is reduced to a certain extent.

[0004] In small and medium-sized format laser cutting machines, this X-axis follow-up dust removal structure can play a certain dust removal role and can basically meet the requirements of such equipment for the environment and equipment maintenance during production. However, in large-format laser cutting machines, as the lateral format of the laser cutting machine model continuously increases and the cutting range significantly increases, the diffusion range of dust is also wider, and the cutting position may be farther away from the dust removal port located on the side of the bed. The suction capacity of the X-axis follow-up dust removal structure is limited and cannot fully cover the large-format cutting area. When the cutting head moves to a position far from the suction device, a large amount of dust cannot be extracted in time, resulting in serious dust accumulation in these areas. This not only seriously affects the processing environment and poses a threat to the health of operators, but also limits the application of large-format laser cutting machines in industries with high environmental protection requirements and reduces production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the dust removal effect of the current laser cutting machine using side suction dust removal seriously deteriorates when the format of the laser cutting machine increases and the lateral width lengthens, the present invention provides a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine.

[0006] In view of the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, including: a side dust removal device that can be arranged on the side of the cutting machine body, the side dust removal device includes an X-axis air extraction pipeline, the X-axis air extraction pipeline is connected to an X-axis fan, a follower component is arranged on the X-axis air extraction pipeline, and the follower component is communicated with the inside of the X-axis air extraction pipeline; an upper dust removal device that can be arranged on the cross beam of the cutting machine, the upper dust removal device includes a Y-axis air extraction pipeline, a plurality of Y-axis air extraction ports are arranged along the length direction of the Y-axis air extraction pipeline and are divided into at least two air extraction regions, each air extraction region is respectively connected to a transition pipeline through a valve, and the transition pipeline is communicated with the follower component; a position sensing component that can be arranged between the cross beam of the cutting machine and the cutting machine head, the position sensing component is electrically connected to a plurality of the valves, and the position sensing component is used to detect the position of the cutting machine head on the cross beam of the cutting machine and control the corresponding valve to open. The dust removal system for a laser cutting machine provided by this solution sets a side dust removal device that follows in the X-axis direction on the side of the laser cutting machine body, and further sets an upper dust removal device that follows in the Y-axis direction on the cross beam of the laser cutting machine. The position of the laser cutting machine head is detected by the position sensing component, and based on this, the corresponding valve is opened. The air extraction region at this position is the processing position of the current laser cutting machine head, and air extraction and dust removal are directly carried out here. Furthermore, the dust removal position is always above the processing position of the laser cutting machine, and the dust removal position is closer to the processing position, greatly improving the dust removal effect.

[0007] As a preferred implementation of a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the transition pipeline is parallel to the Y-axis air extraction pipeline and is located obliquely above it. The transition pipeline is provided with branch pipes corresponding to each air extraction region. The branch pipes are L-shaped. One end of the branch pipe is communicated with the transition pipeline, and the other end of the branch pipe is communicated with the Y-axis air extraction pipeline. The valve is arranged at the turning point of the branch pipe. The layout of the air extraction pipeline is more compact. The cross beam of the laser cutting machine is located within the turning angle of the L-shaped branch pipe, reducing space occupation and facilitating installation on the cross beam of the laser cutting machine.

[0008] As a preferred implementation of a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, one end of the transition pipeline is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe. The smoke exhaust pipe is arranged vertically, and the lower end of the smoke exhaust pipe is communicated with the follower component. A pipeline fan is also arranged at the end of the transition pipeline connected to the smoke exhaust pipe. The setting of the pipeline fan further enhances the air extraction power, ensures that the soot can be discharged smoothly, and avoids residue in the system. This not only improves the dust removal effect but also prevents the soot from eroding the internal components of the system and prolongs the service life of the equipment. At the same time, this combined design of the smoke exhaust pipe and the pipeline fan makes the smoke exhaust capacity of the entire dust removal system stronger.

[0009] As a preferred implementation of the dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the position sensing component includes a proximity switch group disposed at the transition position between two adjacent air extraction areas. The proximity switch group includes a left proximity switch assembly and a right proximity switch assembly. Both the left proximity switch assembly and the right proximity switch assembly can be installed on the crossbeam of the cutting machine and are used to detect the position of the cutting head of the cutting machine. Using the proximity switch group to detect the position of the cutting head has high detection accuracy and fast response speed, and can control the opening and closing of the valve in a timely and accurate manner, ensuring that during the movement of the cutting head of the laser cutting machine, effective air extraction and dust removal can always be carried out at the processing position.

[0010] As a preferred implementation of the dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the distance between the left proximity switch assembly and the right proximity switch assembly is not greater than the lateral width of the cutting head of the cutting machine. Such a distance setting ensures that when the cutting head of the laser cutting machine passes through the transition position between adjacent air extraction areas, the proximity switch can be triggered in a timely manner to control the valve to switch the air extraction area, avoiding the occurrence of dust removal dead angles, and further improving the comprehensiveness and continuity of the dust removal effect.

[0011] As a preferred implementation of the dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, a plurality of X-axis air extraction ports are opened along the length direction of the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipe; the follower component is of a box structure, the bottom surface of the follower component is open and communicated with the X-axis air extraction ports, the top of the follower component is connected to the transition pipe, and a sealing structure is further provided on the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipe. The sealing structure can block the X-axis air extraction ports outside the position where the follower component is located. The X-axis air extraction pipe can extract air more concentratedly at the position where the follower component is located, improving the air extraction efficiency and avoiding the waste of air extraction capacity at the air extraction ports in other positions. The setting of the sealing structure effectively prevents the leakage of dust and smoke from other unused air extraction ports, ensures the sealing of the entire dust removal system, and further enhances the dust removal effect. At the same time, the box-structured follower component is convenient for installation and connection with other components, improving the overall structural strength and stability of the system.

[0012] As a preferred implementation of the dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the sealing structure includes a belt, and the two ends of the belt are respectively connected to the two ends of the X-axis air extraction pipe; upper rollers are provided at the top of the follower component, and lower rollers are respectively provided at both ends of the bottom. The belt passes from below the two lower rollers to above the upper rollers, and the belt on both sides of the follower component fits on the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipe. Using the belt as the sealing structure has a lower cost, and the belt has good flexibility and wear resistance, can adapt to the movement of the follower component, ensure the sealing effect, reduce the friction and loss between components, and extend the service life of the sealing structure. The design of the rollers makes the movement of the follower component smoother, reduces the running resistance, and improves the operating efficiency of the entire dust removal system. Moreover, this structure is simple and easy to operate, facilitating later maintenance and replacement.

[0013] As a preferred implementation of the dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the side dust removal device further includes a blowing assembly. The blowing assembly includes a fan bracket and a fan mounted on the fan bracket. The blowing direction of the fan faces the follower component, and a side air extraction port is provided on the side of the follower component facing the blowing assembly. The blowing assembly can extract air from the opposite side of the X-axis air extraction duct, blow the dust here towards the side air extraction port of the follower component, expand the dust removal range, and further improve the dust removal effect. Through the blowing of the fan, the dust that is not easily sucked by the air extraction device can be concentrated, assisting the follower component to better extract the dust, improving the dust collection efficiency, reducing the residue of dust in the processing area, improving the processing environment, and ensuring the health of the operator.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for removing dust from a laser cutting machine. Using the above-mentioned dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, the side dust removal device is installed on one side of the laser cutting machine body, the follower component is installed at one end of the laser cutting machine crossbeam, the upper dust removal device is installed on the laser cutting machine crossbeam, and the follower component and the upper dust removal device move along the laser cutting machine body following the laser cutting machine crossbeam. The method includes the following steps: S1. The X-axis fan runs continuously to form a negative pressure in the X-axis air extraction duct; S2. The laser cutting machine head moves along the laser cutting machine crossbeam according to the set processing trajectory; S3. When the laser cutting machine head is in the first air extraction area, the valve corresponding to the first air extraction area is opened; S4. When the position sensing component detects that the laser cutting machine head enters the second air extraction area from the first air extraction area, the valve corresponding to the first air extraction area is closed, and the valve corresponding to the second air extraction area is opened; In steps S3 and S4, the dust generated by the processing of the laser cutting machine head passes through the Y-axis air extraction duct, the transition duct, the follower component, and the X-axis air extraction duct in sequence and is finally discharged.

[0015] In the third aspect, the present invention also provides a laser cutting machine, including a laser cutting machine body, a laser cutting machine crossbeam, and a laser cutting machine head, and further including the above-mentioned dust removal system for a laser cutting machine. The side dust removal device is installed on one side of the laser cutting machine body; the follower component is fixedly installed at one end of the laser cutting machine crossbeam; the upper dust removal device is installed on the laser cutting machine crossbeam, the Y-axis air extraction duct is installed on the bottom surface of the laser cutting machine crossbeam, and the transition duct is installed on the side surface of the laser cutting machine crossbeam; the position sensing component is arranged on the laser cutting machine crossbeam and is located in the gap between the laser cutting machine crossbeam and the laser cutting machine head.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: in the dust removal system, by arranging a side dust removal device following the X-axis on the side of the machine body and an upper dust removal device following the Y-axis on the cross beam, and precisely controlling the valve by using the position sensing component, the dust removal position is always close to the processing position, greatly improving the dust removal effect. At the same time, the compact layout of the exhaust ducts reduces the space occupation and is convenient for installation on the laser cutting machine; the combination of the vertical exhaust pipe and the duct fan enhances the exhaust power, not only improving the dust removal effect, but also preventing the dust from eroding the equipment, prolonging the service life of the equipment, and enhancing the exhaust capacity of the entire dust removal system. The position sensing component uses a proximity switch group to detect the position of the machine head, with high detection accuracy and fast response speed, which can control the valve in a timely and accurate manner, ensuring effective exhaust and dust removal at the processing position, and has a simple structure and low cost, being convenient for large-scale popularization and application. The design of the left and right proximity switch components also improves the detection reliability and ensures the stable operation of the dust removal system. The appropriate setting of the proximity switch spacing avoids dust removal dead corners and improves the comprehensiveness and continuity of the dust removal effect. The design and closed structure of the X-axis exhaust duct improve the exhaust efficiency, ensure the system sealing performance, enhance the dust removal effect, and the follower components of the box structure are convenient for installation and connection, enhancing the overall strength and stability of the system. Using a belt as the closed structure has low cost, good flexibility and wear resistance, can adapt to the movement of the follower components, reduce the friction loss of the components, and prolong the service life of the closed structure. The roller design reduces the running resistance, improves the operation efficiency of the system, and is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The blowing component expands the dust removal range, improves the dust collection efficiency, reduces the dust residue in the processing area, improves the processing environment, and protects the health of the operators; further, the dust removal method of this solution is based on the above structure, and each step is closely coordinated to ensure that the dust can smoothly pass through each duct and be discharged, achieving efficient dust removal; in addition, after the laser cutting machine of this solution is equipped with this dust removal system, it effectively solves the dust problem during the cutting process, improves the overall performance and environmental protection of the equipment, reduces the harm to the health of the operators, and is also beneficial to improving the quality of the processed products. This solution can achieve synchronous exhaust and dust removal for the X-axis and Y-axis during the cutting process of the laser cutting machine. Among them, for the Y-axis dust removal structure, after setting the program, the flap valve will partition the X-axis exhaust duct according to the cutting position, thereby effectively using the air volume of the fan; the X-axis dust removal structure can not only extract the dust generated under the workbench during the cutting process, but also timely suck the dust discharged by the Y-axis follower type partitioned dust removal structure. Therefore, compared with the traditional single X-axis dust removal structure, this structure truly realizes the omnidirectional suction of the dust generated by the laser cutting machine, and is no longer limited by the current situation of the increasing cutting width, effectively ensuring the exhaust and dust removal effect. Description of the Drawings

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the side dust removal device in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper dust removal device in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the Y-axis exhaust duct in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the valve in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust pipe in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the left proximity switch assembly and the right proximity switch assembly in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first control board in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second control board in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic electrical connection diagram of the position sensing component in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Main reference numerals description 1. X-axis exhaust duct, 2. Y-axis exhaust duct, 3. Valve, 4. Transition duct, 5. Exhaust pipe, 6. Duct fan, 7. Left proximity switch assembly, 8. Right proximity switch assembly, 9. Follow-up component, 10. Belt, 11. Fan bracket, 12. Fan, 13. X-axis fan, 14. Laser cutting machine body, 15. Laser cutting machine beam, 16. Laser cutting machine head, 17. Baffle, 18. Guide port, 19. Branch pipe, 20. Pneumatic valve, 21. Flap, 22. Limit switch. Specific embodiments

[0029] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0030] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, a dust removal system for a laser cutting machine includes a side dust removal device, an upper dust removal device, and a position sensing component: As Figure 2 shown, the side dust removal device is arranged on the side of the laser cutting machine body, including an X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. The X-axis air extraction pipeline 1 is arranged along the length direction (X-axis) of the machine body. One end of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1 is connected to an X-axis fan 13. A follower component 9 is provided on the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. The follower component 9 is communicated with the inside of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. Specifically, a plurality of X-axis air extraction ports are opened on the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1 along its own length direction. The follower component 9 is of a box structure. The bottom surface of the follower component 9 is open and communicated with the X-axis air extraction ports. The top of the follower component 9 is connected to the transition pipeline 4. A closing structure is also provided on the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. The closing structure can block the X-axis air extraction ports outside the position where the follower component 9 is located. The closing structure includes a belt 10. The two ends of the belt 10 are respectively connected to the two ends of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. Upper rollers are provided on the top of the follower component 9, and lower rollers are respectively provided at both ends of the bottom. The belt 10 bypasses from below the two lower rollers to above the upper rollers. The belts 10 on both sides of the follower component 9 are attached to the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1. When the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1 performs air extraction, under the action of negative pressure, the belts 10 on both sides of the follower component 9 are attached to the top surface of the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1 to achieve a sealing effect. At the same time, due to the roller group inside the follower component, the belt inside the follower component is lifted, exposing the X-axis air extraction ports covered by the follower component, making it communicate with the follower component 9. At the same time, the side dust removal device further includes a blowing component. The blowing component includes a fan bracket 11 and a fan 12 installed on the fan bracket 11. The blowing direction of the fan 12 faces the follower component 9. A side air extraction port is provided on the side of the follower component 9 facing the blowing component. The blowing component can extract air from the opposite side of the X-axis air extraction pipeline, blowing the dust here towards the side air extraction port of the follower component, expanding the dust removal range and further improving the dust removal effect. Through the blowing of the fan, the dust that is not easily sucked by the air extraction device on the side of the laser cutting machine body 14 away from the follower component 9 due to the increased Y-direction width of the machine body can be blown and concentrated to the side close to the X-axis air extraction pipeline, enabling the follower component to better extract the dust and improving the dust collection efficiency.

[0031] As Figure 3 shown, the upper dust removal device is arranged on the cross beam of the cutting machine. The upper dust removal device includes a Y-axis exhaust duct 2. The Y-axis exhaust duct 2 is provided with a plurality of Y-axis exhaust ports along its own length direction and is divided into two exhaust areas (more areas can be divided in other embodiments). A baffle 17 is arranged between adjacent exhaust areas. The baffle 17 cuts off the Y-axis exhaust duct inside to realize the separation between the two exhaust areas. Each exhaust area is respectively connected to a transition duct 4 through a valve 3. As Figure 5 shown, the valve is a flap valve, which includes a valve housing. A circular air duct is arranged in the valve housing. A circular flap 21 is arranged in the circular air duct. The flap 21 is rotatably installed in the circular air duct along one of its diameters. One end of the rotating shaft of the flap 21 passes out of the valve housing and is connected with a pneumatic valve 20. The rotation of the flap 21 is controlled by the pneumatic valve 20. The transition duct 4 is parallel to the Y-axis exhaust duct 2 and is located obliquely above it. The transition duct 4 is provided with branch pipes corresponding to each exhaust area. The branch pipes are L-shaped. One end of the branch pipe is communicated with the transition duct 4, and the other end of the branch pipe is communicated with the Y-axis exhaust duct 2. The valve 3 is arranged at the turning point of the branch pipe. In this way, the layout of the exhaust duct is more compact. The cross beam of the laser cutting machine is located within the turning angle of the L-shaped branch pipe, reducing the space occupation and facilitating the installation on the cross beam of the laser cutting machine.

[0032] The transition duct 4 is communicated with the follow-up component 9. Specifically, one end of the transition duct 4 is connected with an exhaust pipe 5. The exhaust pipe 5 is arranged vertically. As Figure 6 shown, a guiding port 18 is arranged at the lower end of the exhaust pipe 5. The guiding port 18 is communicated with the top of the follow-up component 9. A duct fan 6 is also arranged at the end of the transition duct 4 connected with the exhaust pipe 5.

[0033] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the position sensing component is arranged between the cross beam of the cutting machine and the cutting head of the cutting machine. The position sensing component is electrically connected to the two valves 3. The position sensing component is used to detect the position of the cutting head of the cutting machine on the cross beam of the cutting machine and control the opening of the corresponding valve 3. The position sensing component includes a proximity switch group arranged at the transition position between two adjacent air extraction areas. The proximity switch group includes a left proximity switch component 7 and a right proximity switch component 8. Both the left proximity switch component 7 and the right proximity switch component 8 are installed on the cross beam of the cutting machine. An induction sheet is installed on the cutting head of the cutting machine. The left proximity switch component 7 and the right proximity switch component 8 are used to detect the position of the induction sheet, and the distance between the left proximity switch component 7 and the right proximity switch component 8 is not greater than the transverse width of the cutting head of the cutting machine. The proximity switch group is used to detect the position of the cutting head, and a method of combining two judgments is adopted. When the cutting head of the cutting machine is running, after passing through two proximity switches in sequence, the switching of the dust removal area is triggered, ensuring the accuracy of recognition, high detection accuracy, fast response speed, and being able to control the opening and closing of the valve in a timely and accurate manner, ensuring that during the movement of the cutting head of the laser cutting machine, effective air extraction and dust removal can always be carried out on the processing position.

[0034] Meanwhile, limit switches 22 are respectively arranged at both ends of the cross beam 15 of the laser cutting machine to limit the left and right extreme positions of the cutting head 16 of the laser cutting machine.

[0035] Embodiment 2 Based on the laser cutting machine dust removal system provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a laser cutting machine dust removal method, adopting the laser cutting machine dust removal system of Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 shown, the side dust removal device is installed on one side of the body of the laser cutting machine. The follower component 9 is installed at one end of the cross beam of the laser cutting machine. The upper dust removal device is installed on the cross beam of the laser cutting machine. The follower component 9 and the upper dust removal device move along the body of the laser cutting machine following the cross beam of the laser cutting machine.

[0036] Let the two air extraction areas in Embodiment 1 be the first air extraction area and the second air extraction area respectively.

[0037] Based on the above structure, this dust removal method includes the following steps: S1. The X-axis fan runs continuously to form a negative pressure in the X-axis air extraction pipeline 1; S2. The cutting head of the laser cutting machine moves along the cross beam of the laser cutting machine according to the set processing trajectory; S3. When the cutting head of the laser cutting machine is located in the first air extraction area, the valve 3 corresponding to the first air extraction area is opened; S4. When the position sensing component detects that the cutting head of the laser cutting machine enters the second air extraction area from the first air extraction area, the valve 3 corresponding to the first air extraction area is closed, and the valve 3 corresponding to the second air extraction area is opened; In steps S3 and S4, the fumes generated by the laser cutting machine head are successively passed through the Y-axis exhaust duct 2, the transition duct 4, the follow-up component 9, and the X-axis exhaust duct 1, and finally discharged.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figures 8 - 10 shown, the above-mentioned step 4 can be controlled by a relay circuit. Specifically, taking two dust removal areas as an example, since the origin return operation needs to be performed before each cutting operation, the origin position set by the system is located at the lower right corner of the cutting table, and it is set as the initial cutting state. In the initial state, the right flap valve is in the open state, and the left flap valve is in the closed state. As the cutting area changes in the Y-axis direction and the laser head moves from left to right, the left proximity switch will be triggered first, and the control board card port X10 will receive the signal first. Subsequently, the right proximity switch will be triggered, and the control board card port X11 will receive this signal, thereby determining that the cutting working area has switched from the right side to the left side of the table.

[0039] Set the corresponding program in the system. When the control board card X10 / X11 receives the laser head in-place signal, the ports Y01 / Y00 output the cutting area switching signal according to the set program. At the same time, since KA2 is a normally closed switch and KA1 is a normally open switch, after the coils KA2 / KA1 are energized in sequence, the pneumatic valve of the right valve moves to close the internal flap, and the left valve opens; when the cutting area switches from the left side to the right side of the table, the left proximity switch and the right proximity switch are triggered in sequence, the control board card ports X11 / X10 receive the signals in sequence, and the Y00 / Y01 output signals to energize the coils KA1 / KA2. At this time, the right valve opens and the left valve closes, thus realizing dust removal in the Y-axis partition.

[0040] At the same time, if the partition dust removal function is only turned on during the cutting process, it is necessary to accurately judge the position of the laser head on the crossbeam at this time to determine the opening state of the two flap valves. To cope with this working condition, the system program records the time when the signals are received by the X10 / X11 ports. If neither X10 / X11 receives the signal, it is determined that the laser head is on the right side of the crossbeam at this time, and the right flap valve is in the open state; if X10 receives the signal first and X11 receives the signal later, it is determined that the laser head is on the left side of the crossbeam at this time, and the left flap valve is in the open state; if X11 receives the signal first and X10 receives the signal later, it is determined that the laser head is on the right side of the crossbeam at this time, and the right flap valve is in the open state.

[0041] Embodiment Three As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a laser cutting machine includes a laser cutting machine body 14, a laser cutting machine cross beam 15, and a laser cutting machine head 16. It also includes the laser cutting machine dust removal system provided in the first embodiment. The side dust removal device is fixedly installed on one side of the laser cutting machine body 14; the follower component 9 is fixedly installed at one end of the laser cutting machine cross beam 15, and the blowing component is fixedly installed at the other end of the laser cutting machine cross beam 15. The follower component 9 and the blowing component move along with the laser cutting machine cross beam 15; the upper dust removal device is installed on the laser cutting machine cross beam 15. The Y-axis exhaust duct 2 is installed on the bottom surface of the laser cutting machine cross beam 15, and the transition duct 4 is installed on the side surface of the laser cutting machine cross beam 15; the position sensing component is arranged on the laser cutting machine cross beam 15 and is located in the gap between the laser cutting machine cross beam 15 and the laser cutting machine head 16.

[0042] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In this solution, a side dust removal device that follows the X-axis is arranged on the side of the machine body, and an upper dust removal device that follows the Y-axis is arranged on the cross beam. The position sensing component is used to precisely control the valve, so that the dust removal position is always close to the processing position, greatly improving the dust removal effect. At the same time, the compact layout of the exhaust ducts reduces the space occupation and is convenient for installation on the laser cutting machine; the combination of the vertical exhaust pipe and the pipe fan enhances the exhaust power, not only improving the dust removal effect, but also preventing the equipment from being eroded by dust, extending the service life of the equipment, and improving the exhaust capacity of the entire dust removal system. The position sensing component uses a proximity switch group to detect the position of the machine head, with high detection accuracy and fast response speed, which can timely and accurately control the valve to ensure effective exhaust and dust removal at the processing position. Moreover, it has a simple structure and low cost, which is convenient for large-scale popularization and application. The design of the left and right proximity switch components also improves the detection reliability and ensures the stable operation of the dust removal system. The appropriate setting of the proximity switch spacing avoids dust removal dead corners and improves the comprehensiveness and continuity of the dust removal effect. The design and closed structure of the X-axis exhaust duct improve the exhaust efficiency, ensure the system sealing performance, enhance the dust removal effect, and the follower component with a box structure is convenient for installation and connection, improving the overall strength and stability of the system. Using a belt as the closed structure has low cost, good flexibility and wear resistance, can adapt to the movement of the follower component, reduce the friction loss of the components, extend the service life of the closed structure, and the roller design reduces the running resistance, improves the operating efficiency of the system, and is convenient for maintenance and replacement. The blowing component expands the dust removal range, improves the dust collection efficiency, reduces the dust residue in the processing area, improves the processing environment, and protects the health of the operators; further, the dust removal method of this solution is based on the above structure, and each step is closely coordinated to ensure that the dust can be smoothly discharged through each duct, realizing efficient dust removal; in addition, after the laser cutting machine of this solution is equipped with this dust removal system, it effectively solves the dust problem during the cutting process, improves the overall performance and environmental protection of the equipment, reduces the harm to the health of the operators, and is also conducive to improving the quality of the processed products.

[0043] This solution can achieve simultaneous smoke and dust removal for the X-axis and Y-axis during the cutting process of a laser cutting machine. Among them, for the Y-axis dust removal structure, after setting the program, the flap valve will partition the X-axis exhaust duct according to the cutting position, thereby effectively utilizing the air volume of the fan; the X-axis dust removal structure can not only extract the smoke and dust generated under the workbench during the cutting process, but also timely absorb the smoke and dust discharged by the Y-axis follow-up type partition dust removal structure. Therefore, compared with the traditional single X-axis dust removal structure, this structure truly realizes the all-round absorption of the smoke and dust generated by the laser cutting machine, and is no longer restricted by the current situation of the increasing cutting width, effectively ensuring the smoke and dust removal effect.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dust removal system for a laser cutting machine, characterized in that: include: A side dust removal device capable of being arranged on the side of a cutting machine bed, the side dust removal device comprising an X-axis exhaust duct (1), the X-axis exhaust duct (1) being connected to an X-axis fan (13), a follower component (9) being provided on the X-axis exhaust duct (1), the follower component (9) being in communication with the interior of the X-axis exhaust duct (1); An upper dust removal device capable of being arranged on a crossbeam of a cutting machine, the upper dust removal device comprising a Y-axis exhaust duct (2), the Y-axis exhaust duct (2) being provided with a plurality of Y-axis exhaust ports along its length direction and being divided into at least two exhaust areas, each exhaust area being connected to a transition duct (4) via a valve (3), the transition duct (4) being in communication with a follower component (9); A position sensing component can be arranged between the cutting machine crossbeam and the cutting machine head, the position sensing component is electrically connected to a plurality of the valves (3), and the position sensing component is used to detect the position of the cutting machine head on the cutting machine crossbeam and control the corresponding valve (3) to open.

2. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition duct (4) is parallel to the Y-axis exhaust duct (2) and is located obliquely above it. The transition duct (4) is provided with a branch pipe (19) corresponding to each exhaust area. The branch pipe (19) is L-shaped. One end of the branch pipe (19) is connected to the transition duct (4), and the other end of the branch pipe is connected to the Y-axis exhaust duct (2). The valve (3) is provided at the turning point of the branch pipe.

3. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the transition duct (4) is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe (5), the smoke exhaust pipe (5) is arranged vertically, the lower end of the smoke exhaust pipe (5) is connected to a follower component (9), and a duct fan (6) is also provided on the end of the transition duct (4) connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (5).

4. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position sensing component comprises a proximity switch group arranged at a transition position between two adjacent exhaust areas, the proximity switch group comprising a left proximity switch assembly (7) and a right proximity switch assembly (8), the left proximity switch assembly (7) and the right proximity switch assembly (8) both being mountable on a cutting machine crossbeam and used to detect the position of a cutting machine head.

5. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the left proximity switch assembly (7) and the right proximity switch assembly (8) is no greater than the lateral width of the cutting machine head.

6. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the X-axis exhaust duct (1) is provided with a plurality of X-axis exhaust ports along its length direction; the follower component (9) is a box structure, the bottom surface of the follower component (9) is open and communicates with the X-axis exhaust ports, the top of the follower component (9) is connected to the transition duct (4), and the top surface of the X-axis exhaust duct (1) is also provided with a closed structure, which can block the X-axis exhaust ports outside the position of the follower component (9).

7. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The closed structure comprises a belt (10), the two ends of the belt (10) being respectively connected to the two ends of the X-axis exhaust duct (1); an upper roller is provided at the top of the follower component (9), and lower rollers are provided at the two ends of the bottom respectively; the belt (10) is wound from below the two lower rollers to above the upper rollers, and the belts (10) located on both sides of the follower component (9) are attached to the top surface of the X-axis exhaust duct (1).

8. The laser cutting machine dust removal system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side dust removal device also includes a blowing assembly, which includes a fan bracket (11) and a fan (12) mounted on the fan bracket (11), wherein the blowing direction of the fan (12) is toward the follower component (9), and a side air outlet is provided on the side of the follower component (9) facing the blowing assembly.

9. A method for removing dust from a laser cutting machine, characterized in that: A laser cutting machine dust removal system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, wherein a side dust removal device is installed on one side of a laser cutting machine bed, a follower component (9) is installed at one end of a crossbeam of the laser cutting machine, an upper dust removal device is installed on the crossbeam of the laser cutting machine, and the follower component (9) and the upper dust removal device follow the crossbeam of the laser cutting machine and move along the laser cutting machine bed, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. The X-axis fan continues to run, forming a negative pressure in the X-axis exhaust duct (1); S2. The laser cutting machine head moves along the laser cutting machine beam according to the set processing trajectory; S3, when the laser cutting machine head is located in the first exhaust area, the valve (3) corresponding to the first exhaust area is opened; S4. When the position sensing component detects that the laser cutting machine head enters the second exhaust area from the first exhaust area, the valve (3) corresponding to the first exhaust area is closed, and the valve (3) corresponding to the second exhaust area is opened; In steps S3 and S4, smoke and dust generated by the laser cutting machine head processing passes through the Y-axis exhaust duct (2), the transition duct (4), the follower component (9) and the X-axis exhaust duct (1) in sequence, and is finally discharged.

10. A laser cutting machine, comprising a laser cutting machine bed (14), a laser cutting machine crossbeam (15) and a laser cutting machine head (16), characterized in that: It also includes a laser cutting machine dust removal system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the side dust removal device is installed on one side of the laser cutting machine bed (14); the follower component (9) is fixedly installed on one end of the laser cutting machine beam (15); the upper dust removal device is installed on the laser cutting machine beam (15), the Y-axis exhaust duct (2) is installed on the bottom surface of the laser cutting machine beam (15), and the transition duct (4) is installed on the side of the laser cutting machine beam (15); the position sensing component is arranged on the laser cutting machine beam (15) and is located in the gap between the laser cutting machine beam (15) and the laser cutting machine head (16).

Images