A smoke exhaust component for a laser cutting machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a smoke exhaust component of a laser cutting machine in the field of laser cutting technology, comprising a smoke eliminator, wherein a smoke eliminator is provided in the smoke eliminator, and further comprising: a shell, connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke eliminator; a number of filter presses, arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell as a base point and connected to the inner cavity of the shell and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, capable of filtering the smoke flowing through the inner cavity; a piston, sealingly and slidingly arranged in the filter press, and capable of pushing out the smoke in the filter press by sliding; a driving member, arranged in the shell, and the driving member can enable multiple pistons to perform smoke pushing work uninterruptedly; the present invention can better exhaust the smoke generated by laser cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a fume exhaust component of a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] The removal of laser cutting smoke has always been a difficult problem in the industry. The main difficulty lies in the fact that the smoke particles released during laser cutting include dust (particle size greater than 1μm), aerosols (particles less than 1μm, aerosols are a type of solid or liquid gas containing fine distribution) and gases, of which 97% of the particles are less than 5.7 microns in diameter. Since the smoke particles in the smoke released by laser cutting are relatively small, when filtering the smoke, filters with smaller absolute pore sizes are often used, such as glass fiber, HEPA filter cotton, etc. The larger the mesh size of the filter made of materials such as glass fiber and filter cotton, the smaller the pore size, which is often accompanied by the problem of poor air permeability.

[0003] Existing smoke exhaust equipment usually uses exhaust fans. When the exhaust fan is working, the volume of smoke absorbed per unit time and the air pressure generated are fixed values (without adjusting the speed). If the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan is not enough to allow the smoke absorbed by the exhaust fan per unit time to be discharged through the filter, it will cause airflow disorder in the gas collecting cavity, the volume of smoke absorbed by the exhaust fan per unit time will be reduced, and the smoke released by laser cutting cannot be completely processed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fume exhaust assembly for a laser cutting machine to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a smoke exhaust assembly for a laser cutting machine, comprising a smoke duct, in which a smoke duct is provided; and a shell connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke duct; a number of filter presses, arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell as the base point and connected to the inner cavity of the shell and sealed and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, capable of filtering the smoke flowing through its inner cavity; a piston, sealingly and slidingly arranged in the filter press, and capable of pushing out the smoke in the filter press by sliding; a driving member, arranged in the shell, and the driving member can enable multiple pistons to continuously perform the smoke pushing work.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention, the filter press includes a cylinder body, which is sealed and fixed to the shell; a smoke exhaust head, which is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder body; a one-way valve, which is fixed at the smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust head, and the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve; a filter screen, which is installed in the smoke exhaust head and located on the inside of the one-way valve, and is used to filter the smoke; an air inlet, which is opened on the piston and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston; and a spring, which is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the cylinder is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving member includes a cam, which is coaxially arranged with the housing and rotatably connected to the housing; a driving block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam, and the driving block is provided with an inclined surface for driving the piston to move, and the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface is the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter cartridges; and a driving head is also included for driving the cam to rotate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the driving blocks are arranged in a plurality with equal angles; the inclined surfaces on the driving blocks are arranged in two symmetrical arrangements, and the positive projection of the driving blocks is an isosceles trapezoidal shape; the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface, the central angle corresponding to the upper base of the driving block, and the central angle corresponding to the nearest point between two adjacent driving blocks are all the same.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the drive head includes a ring gear, a gear and a first motor; the ring gear is coaxially arranged with the cam and fixedly connected to the cam, the gear is engaged with the ring gear and fixed on the output shaft of the first motor; the first motor is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the smoke induction equipment includes a fan, a fixing frame and a second motor; the fixing frame is fixedly installed in the smoke induction tube and is used to install the second motor, and the rotating shaft of the fan is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the filter is made of glass fiber.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The filter press of the present invention is provided with a filter cartridge, a piston and a driving member. The driving member can make multiple pistons move downward continuously, squeezing the flue gas in the filter cartridge, and the flue gas is discharged from the bottom end of the filter cartridge after being filtered under the action of pressure; compared with the existing method of simply using the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan to filter the flue gas through the filter screen and then discharge it, the extrusion filtration (i.e., pressure filtration) method can improve the efficiency of the flue gas passing through the filter screen, reduce the obstruction of the particulate matter adhering to the filter screen to the passage of the flue gas, and speed up the discharge of the flue gas; after the driving member and the piston are staggered, the spring can drive the piston to move upward quickly in the filter cartridge, and under the action of the air pressure difference, the flue gas can quickly enter the filter cartridge from the air inlet, avoiding the accumulation of flue gas in the shell, and the flue gas discharge volume and air intake volume in the smoke duct and the shell can be kept consistent, avoiding the problem that the flue gas in the smoke duct and the shell cannot be discharged in a timely and continuous manner and the air flow turbulence is generated, and the smoke duct equipment cannot completely suck the smoke generated by the laser into the smoke duct, thereby improving the efficiency of the flue gas treatment and reducing the vibration of the flue gas removal component. The filter press of the present invention is arranged vertically with the exhaust end facing downward, which ensures that particulate matter in the flue gas accumulates at the bottom of the filter press and does not adhere to the inner wall of the filter press. The piston does not come into contact with the particulate matter when moving, which can greatly reduce the wear of the filter press cylinder wall and piston and increase the service life of the flue gas exhaust assembly.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filter press and piston structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cam and drive block structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the driving block and the piston in the initial state of the present invention (looking from above);

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Working principle diagram of the driving block in the open state and the piston in the expanded state;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working status of the existing auxiliary filter press equipment.

[0022] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0023] 1-smoke induced device; 2-smoke induced pipe; 3-housing; 4-filter press; 5-piston; 6-driving member; 7-cylinder; 8-smoke exhaust head; 9-one-way valve; 10-filter screen; 11-cam; 12-driving block; 13-ring gear; 14-gear; 15-first motor; 16-fan; 17-fixing bracket; 18-second motor; 19-air inlet; 20-sealing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a smoke exhaust component of a laser cutting machine, including a smoke duct 2, in which a smoke duct device 1 is provided; further comprising a shell 3, a number of filter press cartridges 4, a piston 5 and a driving member 6, the shell 3 being connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke duct 2; a number of filter press cartridges 4 being arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell 3 as the base point and being connected to the inner cavity of the shell 3 and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell 3, the connection between the shell 3 and the filter press cartridge 4 being sealed to prevent smoke leakage and being able to filter the smoke flowing through its inner cavity; the piston 5 being sealingly slidably arranged in the filter press cartridge 4 and being able to push out the smoke in the filter press cartridge 4 by sliding; the driving member 6 being arranged in the shell 3, and the driving member 6 being able to enable the multiple pistons 5 to continuously perform the smoke pushing work.

[0026] The smoke induction device 1 sucks the smoke released by laser cutting into the smoke induction tube 2, and the smoke will enter the shell 3 along the smoke induction tube 2; the driving member 6 works synchronously with the smoke induction device 1, and the driving member 6 will drive multiple pistons 5 to move downward continuously, that is, when one piston moves to the end of the stroke, the next adjacent piston immediately starts to press down; when the piston 5 is pressed down, the smoke entering the filter press 4 will be squeezed downward, and under the action of pressure, the smoke is filtered and discharged from the bottom of the filter press 4. Compared with the existing method of simply using the air pressure generated by the exhaust fan to filter the smoke through the filter and then discharge it, the extrusion filtration (i.e., pressure filtration) method can improve the efficiency of the smoke passing through the filter, reduce the obstruction of the particulate matter adhering to the filter to the smoke, and speed up the exhaust of the smoke; when the piston 5 moves to the end of the stroke, it will disengage from the driving member 6; then the piston 5 will quickly move upward to the highest point under the action of the elastic force of the spring. Under the action of the air pressure difference, the smoke can quickly enter the filter press 4, avoiding the smoke in the shell 3 is accumulated, and then the piston 5 can wait for the driving part 6 to drive it to move downward next time. The design and adjustment of the inner diameter and length of the filter press cylinder 4, the stroke length of the piston 5 and the number of pistons 5 for each filter pressing operation can ensure that the smoke intake and exhaust volume in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 are consistent, thereby avoiding the problem that the smoke in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 cannot be discharged in time and continuously, and the smoke induction equipment cannot completely suck the smoke generated by the laser into the smoke duct 2. The smoke generated during the laser cutting process can all enter the smoke duct 2 and then be discharged after filter pressing, thereby improving the smoke treatment efficiency and reducing the vibration of the smoke exhaust component; and in this embodiment, the filter press cylinder 4 is arranged vertically, and the exhaust end is downward, which can ensure that the particulate matter in the smoke is accumulated at the bottom of the filter press cylinder 4 and will not adhere to the inner wall of the filter press cylinder 4. The piston 5 will not contact the particulate matter when moving, which can greatly reduce the wear of the cylinder wall of the filter press cylinder 4 and the piston 5, and improve the service life of the smoke exhaust component.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the filter cartridge 4 includes a cylinder 7, a smoke exhaust head 8, a one-way valve 9 and a filter screen 10; the cylinder 7 is sealed and fixed to the shell 3; the smoke exhaust head 8 is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder 7; the one-way valve 9 is fixed at the smoke exhaust end of the smoke exhaust head 8, and the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve 9; the filter screen 10 is installed in the smoke exhaust head 8 and is located on the inner side of the one-way valve 9, and is used to filter the smoke; the air inlet 19 is opened on the piston 5 and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston 5; the spring 20 is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston 5 and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet 19; the filter screen 10 is made of glass fiber; the cylinder 7 is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head 8, and a sealing ring is installed at the connection. An internal thread is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the cylinder 7, and an external thread is provided on the inner wall of the top end of the smoke exhaust head 8.

[0028] When the piston 5 moves downward, the spring 20 will fit tightly against the bottom surface of the piston 5 under the action of pressure, the air inlet 19 is closed, and the smoke in the filter cartridge 4 is pushed downward by the piston 5, and the smoke is filtered through the filter screen 10 and then discharged from the bottom end of the one-way valve 9; when the piston 5 moves upward, the air pressure in the filter cartridge 4 is lower than the air pressure in the shell 3, and the spring 20 opens under the action of the air pressure difference, and the smoke in the shell 3 enters the filter cartridge 4, waiting for the driving member 6 to drive it downward again next time; the cylinder 7 is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head 8, which can facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the smoke exhaust head 8, and also make the replacement of the filter screen 10 more convenient; when too much particulate matter accumulates on the filter screen 10 and makes it difficult to discharge the smoke, the staff needs to remove the smoke exhaust head 8 in time, replace the filter screen 10 and then install the smoke exhaust head 8 to the bottom of the cylinder 7; arranging the filter screen 10 on the inner side of the one-way valve 9 can ensure that the gas flowing out through the one-way valve 9 is not mixed with particulate matter, which will not affect the operation of the one-way valve 9.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the driving member 6 includes a cam 11, which is coaxially arranged with the housing 3 and rotatably connected to the housing 3; a driving block 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam 11, and the driving block 12 is provided with an inclined surface for driving the piston 5 to move, and the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface is the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter press cylinders 4; and a driving head for driving the cam 11 to rotate is also included.

[0030] The driving head can drive the cam 11 and the driving block 12 to rotate synchronously, and the inclined surface on the driving block 12 can drive the piston 5 to move downward smoothly; Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, when the driving block 12 drives a piston 5 to complete the stroke through the inclined surface, the adjacent next piston 5 is exactly at the highest point of the inclined surface, and the driving block 12 rotates again, and the piston 5 starts working immediately, thereby ensuring that multiple pistons 5 can perform pressure filtration and exhaust work uninterruptedly, and the smoke in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 is discharged outward at each time point, which can match the smoke induction equipment to input smoke into the shell 3 at each time point, so that the smoke generated by laser cutting can be better discharged.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, the driving blocks 12 are arranged in a plurality of equal-angle distributions; the inclined surfaces on the driving block 12 are arranged in two symmetrical arrangements, and the orthographic projection of the driving block 12 is an isosceles trapezoid; the central angle a1 corresponding to the inclined surface, the central angle a2 corresponding to the upper base of the driving block 12, and the central angle a3 corresponding to the nearest point between two adjacent driving blocks 12 are all the same.

[0032] like Figure 7As shown, when the existing auxiliary filter press equipment is working, the filter press process is intermittent. In order to ensure that the volume of gas sucked in by the fan is completely discharged within a unit time, the exhaust speed of the auxiliary filter press equipment needs to be greater than the suction speed of the fan, which will cause turbulence in the air flow in the gas collecting chamber and cause vibration of the exhaust component. In this embodiment, the filter cartridges 4 and the pistons 5 are arranged in groups of four, and multiple groups are provided. The number of drive blocks 12 is the same as the number of groups of the filter cartridges 4. It should be noted that, as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 The middle drive block 12 rotates clockwise, which means Figure 6 The middle drive block 12 moves to the right, Figure 5 The length of the inclined plane arc corresponding to the central angle a1 is Figure 6 The length of b1 in the circle is equal, the length of the upper base arc of the driving block 12 corresponding to the central angle a2 is equal to the length of b2, and the length of the arc corresponding to the closest point of the two adjacent driving blocks 12 corresponding to the central angle a3 is equal to the length of b3 (i.e. Figure 5 When the middle driving block 12 rotates at an angle of a1, the corresponding Figure 6 The driving block 12 moves to the right by a distance b1); Figure 6 The working state of the leftmost group of filter cartridges 4 and pistons 5 is used as an example to illustrate. When the drive block 12 moves to the right, the fourth piston 5 from the left moves downward, the third piston 5 from the left completes the stroke and remains stationary, the second piston 5 from the left moves upward and returns, and the first piston 5 from the left remains at the highest point and maintains it; and the downward-moving piston 5 discharges the flue gas in the filter cartridge 4 and the upward-moving piston 5 sucks the flue gas in the smoke duct 2 and the shell 3 into the filter cartridge 4 at the same speed, that is, the amount of smoke sucked into the filter cartridge 4 and discharged from the filter cartridge 4 at each time point is the same; correspondingly, the amount of smoke inhaled into the smoke duct 2 by the smoke ducting device 1, the amount of smoke entering the filter cartridge 4, and the amount of smoke discharged from the filter cartridge 4 are kept consistent, which can better ensure the continuous, uniform and smooth discharge of smoke, greatly reduce the vibration of the exhaust component during operation, and enable each component to work better.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the drive head includes a ring gear 13, a gear 14 and a first motor 15; the ring gear 13 is coaxially arranged with the cam 11 and is fixedly connected to the cam 11, the gear 14 is engaged with the ring gear 13 and is fixed to the output shaft of the first motor 15; the first motor 15 is fixedly connected to the housing 3;

[0034] During operation, the first motor 15 can drive the ring gear 13 to rotate through the gear 14 , and the ring gear 13 can drive the cam 11 to rotate synchronously.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the smoke induced device 1 includes a fan 16 , a fixing bracket 17 and a second motor 18 ; the fixing bracket 17 is fixedly installed in the smoke induced tube 2 and is used to install the second motor 18 , and the rotating shaft of the fan 16 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 18 .

[0036] During operation, the second motor 18 can drive the fan 16 to rotate, and the fan 16 can suck the smoke generated by laser cutting into the smoke duct 2.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smoke exhaust assembly for a laser cutting machine, comprising a smoke exhaust pipe (2), wherein a smoke exhaust device (1) is provided in the smoke exhaust pipe (2), characterized in that: Also includes: The housing (3) is connected to the smoke exhaust end of the smoke duct (2); A plurality of filter cartridges (4) are arranged in a circular array with the center of the bottom surface of the shell (3) as a base point and are connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3) and fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell (3), and can filter the smoke flowing through the inner cavity; A piston (5) is sealingly and slidably disposed in the filter press cylinder (4) and is capable of pushing out the smoke in the filter press cylinder (4) by sliding; A driving member (6) is disposed in the housing (3), and the driving member (6) is capable of enabling the plurality of pistons (5) to continuously perform a smoke pushing operation; The filter press (4) comprises: A one-way valve (9) is provided at the smoke exhaust end, so that the smoke can only be discharged to the outside through the one-way valve (9); A filter (10) is provided inside the one-way valve (9) and is used to filter the smoke; An air inlet (19) is provided on the piston (5) and passes through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston (5); The shrapnel (20) is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston (5) and is used to control the opening and closing of the air inlet (19).

2. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter press (4) further comprises: The cylinder (7) is sealed and fixedly connected to the shell (3); The smoke exhaust head (8) is installed at the bottom end of the cylinder (7); the one-way valve (9) is fixed at the bottom end of the smoke exhaust head (8); and the filter (10) is installed in the smoke exhaust head (8) and is located inside the one-way valve (9).

3. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder (7) is threadedly connected to the smoke exhaust head (8).

4. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (6) includes a cam (11), which is coaxially arranged with the housing (3) and rotatably connected to the housing (3); a driving block (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cam (11), and the driving block (12) is provided with an inclined surface for driving the piston (5) to move, and the central angle corresponding to the inclined surface is the same as the central angle corresponding to the axis of two adjacent filter press cylinders (4); and a driving head for driving the cam (11) to rotate.

5. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving blocks (12) are arranged in a plurality of equal-angle distributions; the inclined surfaces on the driving blocks (12) are arranged in two symmetrical arrangements, and the positive projection of the driving blocks (12) is in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid; the central angles corresponding to the inclined surfaces, the central angles corresponding to the upper bases of the driving blocks (12), and the central angles corresponding to the closest points of two adjacent driving blocks (12) are all the same.

6. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving head comprises a ring gear (13), a gear (14) and a first motor (15); the ring gear (13) is coaxially arranged with the cam (11) and fixedly connected to the cam (11); the gear (14) is meshed with the ring gear (13) and fixed on the output shaft of the first motor (15); and the first motor (15) is fixedly connected to the housing (3).

7. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke induced device (1) comprises a fan (16), a fixing frame (17) and a second motor (18); the fixing frame (17) is fixedly installed in the smoke induced tube (2) and is used to install the second motor (18); the rotating shaft of the fan (16) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (18).

8. The smoke removal assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen (10) is made of glass fiber.

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