A wheel-rail defect detection device and detection method based on vibration noise collection

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of rail surface defect detection for rail transit, and specifically to a wheel-rail defect detection device and a detection method based on vibration noise collection. The device comprises a vehicle plate, wherein the left end surface of the vehicle plate is recessed to the right to form two grooves, first pistons are slidably connected in the two grooves, round rods are arranged at the left ends of the two first pistons, the two round rods respectively penetrate two outer cylinders, annular airbags are installed in the two outer cylinders, the two annular airbags are respectively sleeved on the outer ends of the two round rods, collection pieces are arranged at the lower ends of the left parts of the two round rods, the two collection pieces are rotated toward the outer ends to connect with the first wheels, and a driving piece is arranged at the lower end of the vehicle plate. This design realizes the independent movement and collection of the two first wheels, so that the two rails of the track can be independently detected, effectively reducing the probability of mutual interference of the collected data due to the connection between the two first wheels, and effectively ensuring the detection quality and effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a wheel-rail defect detection device and a detection method based on vibration noise collection, belonging to the technical field of rail surface defect detection in rail transportation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit and the accumulation of operation period, the surface smoothness of the rail surface gradually deteriorates due to wear and damage under the repeated passage of vehicles and wheel loads, which leads to the deterioration of vehicle-rail and wheel-rail interactions. The roughness and unevenness of the wheel-rail contact surface will cause the vibration and noise of the traffic vehicles moving on the track to increase. The above-mentioned vehicle vibration and noise are related to the state of the rail surface. That is, the deterioration of the rail surface state will cause obvious or abnormal wheel-rail vibration and vehicle vibration noise.

[0003] Generally, a wheel-rail disease detection device is used to detect wheel-rail diseases. At present, the wheel-rail disease detection device generally has a frame, a drive module installed on the frame, two drive wheels connected to the drive module, and two auxiliary wheels provided on the frame and designed with a collector. During the detection, the drive module is first used to make the drive wheel and the auxiliary wheel move along the track rails, and the vibration noise generated by the operation of the auxiliary wheel is collected by the collector, and the collected data is analyzed and calculated, so as to judge the development trend and law of the track rail disease, and then complete the detection of wheel-rail diseases;

[0004] The two auxiliary wheels on the wheel-rail defect detection device are directly set on the frame and are connected to each other. However, it is easy for one rail to deteriorate while the other rail is not deteriorated. When the two auxiliary wheels are running synchronously, a deteriorated rail will cause the corresponding auxiliary wheel to vibrate and make noise. At the same time, since the two auxiliary wheels are connected, the vibration is easily transmitted, resulting in a high probability that the collected data of the two auxiliary wheels interfere with each other, which will affect the detection quality and effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a wheel-rail defect detection device and a detection method based on vibration noise collection.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection, comprising a vehicle plate, a cleaning member is installed in the middle of the left end of the vehicle plate, outer cylinders are arranged on the front and rear sides of the cleaning member, and two fixing plates are symmetrically installed between the outer cylinder and the cleaning member, the left end surface of the vehicle plate is recessed to the right to form two grooves, and the two grooves are respectively located on the right side of the two outer cylinders, the first pistons are slidably connected in the two grooves, the left ends of the two first pistons are respectively provided with round rods, and the round rods extend out of the left side of the grooves, the two round rods respectively penetrate the two outer cylinders, annular airbags are installed in the two outer cylinders, and the two annular airbags are respectively sleeved on the outer ends of the two round rods;

[0007] A collecting piece is provided at the lower end of the left part of the two round rods, and the collecting piece is located outside the cleaning piece. The two collecting pieces are respectively located on the left sides of the two outer cylinders. The two collecting pieces are rotated toward the outer ends to connect to the first wheel, and the cross-section of the first wheel is T-shaped. The first wheel is located outside the cleaning piece. A driving piece is provided at the lower end of the vehicle plate, and the driving piece is connected to the cleaning piece.

[0008] Furthermore, the driving member includes a driving device, the fixing portion of the driving device is installed at the lower end of the right part of the vehicle plate, and the two output shafts of the driving device are both provided with second wheels toward the outer ends, and the two second wheels are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the vehicle plate;

[0009] A third wheel is installed on the left side of the two second wheels, and the two third wheels are respectively located on the right side of the two first wheels. A rotating shaft is set between the two third wheels, and the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the lower end of the vehicle plate through a first bearing seat.

[0010] Further, the cleaning member includes a mounting box, the mounting box is arranged on the middle part of the left end of the vehicle plate, and the mounting box is located between the two outer cylinders, two fixing plates are symmetrically installed between the mounting box and the outer cylinder, an air cylinder is arranged inside the mounting box, the outer end of the air cylinder is connected to the installation jet assembly, and the jet assembly extends out of the left side of the mounting box, the air cylinder is slidably connected to the second piston, a push rod is arranged in the middle part of the lower end of the second piston, and the push rod extends out of the lower side of the mounting box, and the push rod is slidably connected to the mounting box;

[0011] A function plate is arranged at the lower end of the push rod, a second elastic member is installed between the function plate and the mounting box, and the second elastic member is located on the outside of the push rod, the lower end of the function plate is in contact with a cam, a worm is arranged at the right end of the cam, the worm is rotatably arranged on the lower end of the mounting box through a second bearing seat, the right end of the worm is rotatably arranged on the lower end of the vehicle plate through a third bearing seat, and the third bearing seat is located on the left side of the driving device, the upper end of the worm is engaged with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is arranged on the outer end of the middle part of the rotating shaft, and the worm wheel is located on the lower side of the vehicle plate.

[0012] Further, the jet assembly includes an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is connected and installed on the left end of the air cylinder, and the position where the air outlet pipe is connected to the air cylinder is located on the upper side of the second piston, the air outlet pipe extends out of the left side of the installation box, and the air outlet pipe is equipped with a first one-way valve, the upper end of the air cylinder is connected and provided with a suction pipe, and the second one-way valve is installed on the suction pipe, and the suction pipe extends out of the upper side of the installation box;

[0013] The left end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the installation main pipe, two auxiliary rods are symmetrically arranged between the main pipe and the installation box, and the two auxiliary rods are located on the front and rear sides of the air outlet pipe, the lower end of the main pipe is symmetrically connected to two branch pipes, and the two branch pipes are respectively located on the left side of the two first wheels, and the lower ends of the two branch pipes are connected to the installation nozzles.

[0014] Furthermore, the collecting member includes a vertical shell, the interior of the vertical shell is slidably connected to a second circular plate, and the vertical shell is located on the left side of the outer cylinder, a vertical rod is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the second circular plate, and the vertical rod extends out of the upper side of the vertical shell and is connected to the lower end of the circular rod, a first collector is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the second circular plate, a fourth plug is installed on the outer side of the vertical rod, and the fourth plug is threadedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shell;

[0015] A transverse shell is installed at the lower outer end of the vertical shell, and a first circular plate is slidably connected inside the transverse shell. A first elastic member is installed between the inner end of the first circular plate and the inner wall of the transverse shell. A second collector is installed at the middle of the inner end of the first circular plate, and the second collector is located on the inner side of the first elastic member. A mounting shaft is arranged at the middle of the outer end of the first circular plate, and the mounting shaft extends out of the outer side of the transverse shell and is rotatably connected to the first wheel. A third plug is installed outside the mounting shaft, and the third plug is threadedly connected to the outer end of the transverse shell. An auxiliary component is installed at the outer end of the transverse shell, and the auxiliary component fits on the inner end of the first wheel.

[0016] Furthermore, the auxiliary component includes an annular box, which is attached to the inner end of the first wheel and is located on the outer side of the transverse shell. The large diameter portion of the first wheel is recessed inward toward the outer end to form a plurality of through holes, and the through holes penetrate the large diameter portion of the first wheel. The plurality of through holes are connected to the annular box. A third collector is arranged inside the lower side of the annular box, and the third collector is located on the inner side of the lowest through hole. A plurality of reinforcing rods are equidistantly installed at the left end of the annular box, and the cross-section of the reinforcing member is L-shaped. The other ends of the plurality of reinforcing members are arranged on the outer end of the transverse shell, and a fourth collector is installed in the middle of the right ends of the two first pistons.

[0017] Further, first plugs are arranged on the outside of the two round rods, the two first plugs are respectively threadedly connected to the two grooves, first protective members are installed on the right ends of the two first pistons, and the two first protective members are respectively located on the outside of the two round rods, the two first protective members are respectively located on the right sides of the two first plugs, and the two first protective members are respectively located in the two grooves;

[0018] Two second plugs are symmetrically installed on the outer side of the round rod, and the two second plugs are arranged opposite to each other. The two second plugs are respectively threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the outer tube, and an annular airbag is arranged between the two second plugs.

[0019] A wheel-rail defect detection method based on vibration noise collection, using any one of the wheel-rail defect detection devices based on vibration noise collection described above, comprises the following steps:

[0020] The first step is pre-processing, firstly placing the two first wheels, the two second wheels and the two third wheels on the two rails on the track respectively;

[0021] The second step is data collection. The driving device is used to drive the two second wheels to move along the two rails respectively, and with the assistance of the two third wheels, the vehicle plate is moved to the left along the track, thereby pushing the installation box, the two round rods, the two outer cylinders, the two vertical shells and the two horizontal shells to move to the left, and then the two first wheels are moved along the two rails respectively. At this time, the two first collectors, the two second collectors and the two fourth collectors respectively collect the vertical, horizontal and longitudinal vibration acceleration data generated by the two moving first wheels, and the two third collectors respectively collect the noise data generated by the two moving first wheels, and transmit the collected data to the terminal via wireless, and display it through the display unit on the terminal;

[0022] The third step is data processing. The above data are processed to obtain the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise, as well as the change trend of the above waveform characteristics accumulated over time, and are associated with the line ledger and vehicle speed data according to mileage. The above data and the line parameters of vehicle operation form an associated data set for census screening and identification of vibration and noise-significant sections, that is, the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise and their line locations;

[0023] The fourth step is detection. The second and third steps are repeated multiple times to collect multiple and long-term running data on the same track, analyze the development and increase trends of the data, determine the development trends and laws of wheel-rail defects, and then complete the detection of wheel-rail defects.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The two round rods are connected to the vehicle plate by air through two first pistons, and the round rods are connected to the outer cylinder by air through an annular airbag, so that the two first wheels can be moved and collected separately, so that the two rails of the track can be detected independently, effectively reducing the probability of mutual interference of collected data due to the connection between the two first wheels, effectively ensuring the detection quality and effect, and effectively offsetting the vibration transmitted to the round rod due to the operation of the drive motor, effectively reducing the probability of interference with the vibration collection of the first wheel due to the vibration of the vehicle plate, and effectively ensuring the detection quality and effect.

[0026] 2. A sealed noise collection chamber can be formed on the first wheel through the annular box, which effectively reduces the probability of interference with the noise collection of the first wheel due to the noise generated by the movement of other wheels in the outside world, effectively ensures the quality of noise data, and effectively ensures the quality and effect of detection.

[0027] 3. The vehicle plate is moved by driving the motor, the two second wheels, the two third wheels and the rotating shaft, and the worm wheel, the worm and the cam are rotated, and the function plate, the push rod and the second piston are moved up and down with the assistance of the second elastic member, so that the gas in the air cylinder is sprayed along the outlet pipe, the main pipe, the two branch pipes and the two nozzles to the outer surfaces of the two rails of the track, so as to timely clean the impurities on the outer surface of the rails of the track, effectively reduce the probability of the first wheel generating additional vibration and noise due to the impurities attached to the outer surface of the rails of the track, effectively ensure the detection quality and effect, and add gas to the air cylinder through the straw, so as to continuously clean the impurities on the outer surface of the rails of the track, and achieve the purpose of linkage between the cleaning operation and the vehicle plate movement.

[0028] 4. The movable plate is swung inward to a suitable angle through the screw, slider and support arm to adjust the angle of the movable plate, effectively meet the detection of track plates of different widths, effectively ensure the detection effect, and use the guide rod and guide plate to make the universal wheel fit closely with the upper end surface of the track plate. At this time, the corresponding distance sensor will collect the downward movement distance of the guide plate to realize auxiliary detection of the track plate, effectively reduce the probability of deformation of the track rail at this position due to factors such as settlement of the track ground, effectively reduce the probability of interference of the track rail with data collection due to external factors, and effectively ensure the detection quality and effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A stereoscopic diagram of a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle plate in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the outer cylinder in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of an outer cylinder in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of an annular airbag in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is an assembly diagram of a transverse housing and a vertical housing in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the first wheel in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the first wheel in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of an installation box in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.13 It is a stereoscopic diagram of a fixing frame in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.14 A three-dimensional diagram of a movable plate in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to the present invention;

[0044] Fig.15 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of a movable plate in a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection.

[0045] In the figure: 1, car plate, 2, outer cylinder, 3, round rod, 4, first wheel, 5, horizontal shell, 6, vertical shell, 7, installation box, 8, air outlet pipe, 9, fixed frame, 11, drive motor, 12, second wheel, 13, third wheel, 14, rotating shaft, 15, first plug, 16, worm gear, 17, worm, 18, cam, 21, fixing plate, 22, second plug, 23, annular airbag, 31, annular rubber pad, 32, first piston, 33, groove, 41, through hole, 42, acoustic sensor, 51, reinforcing rod, 52, annular box, 53, installation shaft, 54, third plug, 55, first round plate, 5 6. first acceleration sensor, 57. first elastic member, 61. vertical rod, 62. second circular plate, 63. fourth plug, 64. second acceleration sensor, 71. auxiliary rod, 72. straw, 73. second elastic member, 74. functional plate, 75. push rod, 76. second piston, 77. air cylinder, 81. main pipe, 82. nozzle, 83. diverter pipe, 91. movable plate, 92. support arm, 93. slider, 94. screw, 95. through groove, 96. guide rod, 97. universal wheel, 321. third acceleration sensor, 911. distance sensor, 912. vertical groove, 913. guide plate, 914. fifth plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0047] Embodiment 1: Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, a wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection is provided, including a vehicle plate 1, and the left end surface of the vehicle plate 1 is recessed to the right to form two grooves 33 respectively located on the right sides of the two outer cylinders 2, and the grooves 33 provide installation space for the first piston 32, and the two first pistons 32 are respectively slidably connected in the two grooves 33, and the first pistons 32 provide installation carriers for components such as the round rod 3, and two fourth collectors are respectively installed on the middle parts of the right ends of the two first pistons 32, and the two fourth collectors are used in combination to collect the acceleration of the lateral vibration of the first wheel 4, and the fourth collector can use the third acceleration sensor 321;

[0048] The two first plugs 15 respectively located on the outside of the two round rods 3 are respectively threadedly connected with the two grooves 33, and the first plugs 15 are used to restrict the installation between the first piston 32 and the groove 33, and the two first protective members respectively located on the outside of the two round rods 3 and on the right sides of the two first plugs 15 and in the two grooves 33 are respectively installed on the right ends of the two first pistons 32, and the first protective members are used to prevent the first pistons 32 from colliding with the first plugs 15. The first protective members can be an annular rubber pad 31, and then the installation box 7 located between the two outer cylinders 2 is set on the middle part of the left end of the vehicle plate 1, and two fixing plates 21 are symmetrically installed between the installation box 7 and the outer cylinder 2, and the outer cylinder 2 and the installation box 7 are installed by the cooperation of the two fixing plates 21;

[0049] The two round rods 3 extending from the left side of the groove 33 of the two outer tubes 2 located at the front and rear sides of the installation box 7 are respectively arranged on the left ends of the two first pistons 32, and the vertical rod 61 and other components are pushed to move through the round rods 3, and the two annular air bags 23 respectively sleeved on the outer ends of the two round rods 3 and located between the two second plugs 22 are respectively installed in the two outer tubes 2, and the movement of the round rods 3 is offset by the annular air bags 23, and the two second plugs 22 symmetrically installed on the outside of the round rods 3 and arranged oppositely are respectively threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the outer tube 2, and the two second plugs 22 are used in combination to restrict the installation between the annular air bags 23 and the outer tube 2;

[0050] The two second circular plates 62 are respectively connected to the inside of the two vertical shells 6 located on the left side of the outer cylinder 2 by sliding, and the vertical shells 6 are used to provide installation space for the second circular plates 62 and other components, and the two vertical rods 61 respectively arranged at the middle of the upper ends of the two second circular plates 62 and extending from the upper side of the vertical shells 6 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the two round rods 3, and the second circular plates 62 are connected to the round rods 3 through the vertical rods 61, and the first collector is arranged at the middle of the lower end of the second circular plates 62, and is used to collect the acceleration of the vertical vibration of the first wheel 4 through the first collector, and the first collector can use the second acceleration sensor 64;

[0051] The two fourth plugs 63 located on the outside of the vertical rods 61 are respectively threadedly connected to the upper ends of the two vertical shells 6, and the fourth plugs 63 are used to restrict the installation between the second circular plate 62 and the vertical shell 6, and the two transverse shells 5 are respectively installed on the lower outward ends of the two vertical shells 6, and the transverse shells 5 are used to provide installation space for the first circular plate 55 and other components, and then the two first circular plates 55 are respectively slidably connected to the inside of the two transverse shells 5, and the first circular plates 55 are used to provide installation carriers for the second collector and other components, and the first elastic member 57 is installed between the inner end of the first circular plate 55 and the inner wall of the transverse shell 5, and the first circular plate 55 is pushed outward by the first elastic member 57, and the first elastic member 57 can be a spring, and the two second collectors located on the inner side of the first elastic member 57 are respectively installed on the middle part of the inner end of the two first circular plates 55, and the acceleration of the longitudinal vibration of the first wheel 4 is collected by the second collector, and the second collector can be a first acceleration sensor 56;

[0052] Two installation shafts 53 extending outward from the transverse housing 5 and arranged at the middle of the outer ends of the two first circular plates 55 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner ends of the two first wheels 4 with T-shaped cross sections, and a mounting carrier is provided for the first wheels 4 through the installation shafts 53, and two third plugs 54 respectively located on the outer sides of the two installation shafts 53 are respectively threadedly connected to the outer ends of the two transverse housings 5, and the installation is restricted between the transverse housing 5 and the first circular plates 55 through the third plugs 54, and then two annular boxes 52 located on the outer sides of the transverse housing 5 are respectively fitted on the inner ends of the two first wheels 4, and a mounting carrier is provided for the third collector through the annular boxes 52;

[0053] The large diameter portion of the first wheel 4 is recessed inward toward the outer end surface to form a plurality of through holes 41 penetrating the large diameter portion of the first wheel 4 and communicating with the annular box 52. The noise generated between the small diameter portion of the first wheel 4 and the rail is introduced into the annular box 52 through the through holes 41. The third collector located at the inner positive side of the through hole 41 at the bottom is arranged inside the lower side of the annular box 52. The third collector is used to collect the noise generated by the movement of the first wheel 4. The third collector can be an acoustic sensor 42. A plurality of reinforcing rods 51 with L-shaped cross sections, the other ends of which are all arranged at the outer end of the transverse housing 5, are equidistantly installed on the left end of the annular box 52. The plurality of reinforcing rods 51 are used in combination to connect the annular box 52 with the transverse housing 5.

[0054] A fixing portion of a driving device is installed at the lower right end of the vehicle plate 1, and two second wheels 12 located at the front and rear sides of the vehicle plate 1 are respectively arranged on the outward ends of two output shafts of the driving device. The two second wheels 12 are driven to rotate synchronously through the driving device. The driving device can adopt a driving motor 11, and a rotating shaft 14 is arranged between two third wheels 13 located at the left side of the second wheels 12 and located at the right side of the two first wheels 4, and the rotating shaft 14 is rotatably installed on the lower end of the vehicle plate 1 through the first bearing seat, and a mounting carrier is provided for the two third wheels 13 through the rotating shaft 14.

[0055] When in use, firstly, the two second wheels 12 and the two third wheels 13 are placed on the two steel rails of the track respectively, and then the small diameter portions of the two first wheels 4 are placed on the two steel rails of the track respectively, and the two first elastic members 57 are compressed, so that the two first elastic members 57 have elastic force, so that the elastic force of the two first elastic members 57 will apply an outward pushing force to the two first circular plates 55 and the two mounting shafts 53, thereby making the large diameter portions of the two first wheels 4 closely fit on the inner ends of the two steel rails of the track respectively;

[0056] Then, the driving motor 11 is started, thereby driving the two second wheels 12 to move along the two steel rails of the track respectively, and with the assistance of the rotating shaft 14 and the two third wheels 13, the vehicle plate 1 is moved to the left along the track. Since the two first pistons 32 are respectively slidably connected in the two grooves 33, air pressure is generated in the two grooves 33, and with the assistance of the two air pressures, the two first pistons 32 are moved to the left, thereby moving the two round rods 3, the two vertical rods 61, the two second circular plates 62, the two vertical shells 6, the two horizontal shells 5, the two first circular plates 55 and the two mounting shafts 53 to the left, so that the small diameter portions of the two first wheels 4 are moved along the two steel rails of the track respectively;

[0057] At this time, the two round rods 3 are connected to the vehicle plate 1 by air through the two first pistons 32, and the round rods 3 are connected to the outer cylinder 2 by air through the annular airbags 23. When the vehicle plate 1 generates multi-directional vibrations due to the operation of the driving motor 11 and the surface factors of the two rails of the track, the multi-directional vibrations generated by the vehicle plate 1 are offset at two air connections, and the vibrations transmitted to the round rods 3 are effectively offset by the two first pistons 32 and the two annular airbags 23, effectively reducing the probability of interference with the vibration collection of the first wheel 4 due to the vibration of the vehicle plate 1, and effectively ensuring the detection quality and effect;

[0058] At this time, the longitudinal vibration generated by the first wheel 4 will cause the mounting shaft 53 and the first circular plate 55 to move forward and backward along the transverse shell 5, and the two first acceleration sensors 56 respectively collect acceleration data of the longitudinal vibration of the two first wheels 4, and the vertical vibration generated by the first wheel 4 will cause the mounting shaft 53, the first circular plate 55, the transverse shell 5 and the vertical shell 6 to move up and down relative to the second circular plate 62, and the two second acceleration sensors 64 respectively collect acceleration data of the vertical vibration of the two first wheels 4, and the transverse vibration generated by the first wheel 4 will cause the mounting shaft 53, the first circular plate 55, the transverse shell 5, the vertical shell 6, the second circular plate 62, the round rod 3 and the first piston 32 to move left and right relative to the vehicle plate 1, and the two third acceleration sensors 321 respectively collect acceleration data of the transverse vibration of the two first wheels 4;

[0059] At this time, the noise generated between the lower end of the first wheel 4 and the upper end of the rail of the track will enter the annular box 52 through the through hole 41 located at the bottom, and the acoustic sensor 42 performs noise time domain data collection, so that a sealed noise collection chamber is formed on the first wheel 4 by using the annular box 52, effectively reducing the probability of interference with the noise collection of the first wheel 4 due to the noise generated by the movement of other wheels in the outside world, effectively ensuring the quality of the noise data, and effectively ensuring the quality and effect of the detection;

[0060] Then the collected acceleration data of longitudinal vibration, vertical vibration, lateral vibration and noise time domain data are transmitted to the terminal, and then the terminal analyzes and calculates the acceleration data of vibration, vertical vibration, lateral vibration and noise time domain data, so as to perform wheel-rail disease detection by collecting and analyzing the vibration noise;

[0061] The two first wheels 4 can be moved and collected separately, so that the two rails of the track can be detected independently, effectively reducing the probability of mutual interference of collected data due to the connection between the two first wheels 4, effectively ensuring the detection quality and effect, and quickly detecting the vibration and noise caused by the interaction between the first wheel 4 and the track rail through the acoustic sensor 42, the first acceleration sensor 56, the second acceleration sensor 64 and the third acceleration sensor 321, so as to analyze the development trend and law of the surface disease of the rail, survey, screen and identify the sections with significant vibration and noise, and formulate a reasonable rail maintenance plan.

[0062] Embodiment 2: The two first wheels 4 are independently pneumatically mounted by using the first piston 32, the annular airbag 23 and other components, and the two rails of the track can be independently detected by using two acoustic sensors 42, two first acceleration sensors 56, two second acceleration sensors 64 and two third acceleration sensors 321. However, the rails of the track are exposed to the outside, which makes it easy for dust and other impurities to adhere to the upper surface of the rails. As a result, when the independently pneumatically mounted first wheels 4 move on the rails, there is a high probability that additional vibration and noise will be generated due to the attached dust and other impurities, which will affect the quality and effect of the rail disease detection.

[0063] In order to solve the above problems, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig.11 As shown, the gas cylinder 77 is arranged inside the installation box 7, and a mounting carrier is provided for the second piston 76 and other components through the gas cylinder 77, and the second piston 76 is slidably connected inside the gas cylinder 77, and a mounting carrier is provided for the push rod 75 through the second piston 76, and then the push rod 75 extending from the lower side of the installation box 7 and slidably connected to the installation box 7 is arranged on the middle part of the lower end of the second piston 76, and the second piston 76 is moved up and down through the push rod 75;

[0064] The function plate 74 is arranged on the lower end of the push rod 75, and the push rod 75 is moved up and down by the function plate 74. The second elastic member 73 located on the outer side of the push rod 75 is installed between the function plate 74 and the installation box 7, and the function plate 74 is pushed back to its original position by the second elastic member 73. The second elastic member 73 can be a spring, and then the cam 18 attached to the lower end of the function plate 74 is arranged on the left end of the worm 17, and the function plate 74 is moved upward by the cam 18;

[0065] The worm 17 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the mounting box 7 through the second bearing seat, and the right end of the worm 17 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the vehicle plate 1 through the third bearing seat located on the left side of the driving device. The cam 18 is rotated through the worm 17, and the worm wheel 16 meshing with the upper end of the worm 17 and located on the lower side of the vehicle plate 1 is set on the outer end of the middle part of the rotating shaft 14. The worm 17 is rotated through the worm wheel 16;

[0066] The outlet pipe 8 connected with the air cylinder 77 is located on the upper side of the second piston 76 and extends out of the left side of the installation box 7 and is equipped with a first non-return valve and is connected and installed on the left end of the air cylinder 77. The gas in the air cylinder 77 is transported to the main pipe 81 through the outlet pipe 8. The suction pipe 72 equipped with a second non-return valve and extending out of the upper side of the installation box 7 is connected and installed on the upper end of the air cylinder 77. The gas is transported into the air cylinder 77 through the suction pipe 72.

[0067] The main pipe 81 is connected and installed on the left end of the outlet pipe 8. Through the main pipe 81, an installation carrier is provided for the shunt pipe 83 and other components, and the two auxiliary rods 71 ​​located on the front and rear sides of the outlet pipe 8 are symmetrically arranged between the main pipe 81 and the installation box 7. The two auxiliary rods 71 ​​are used in combination to increase the installation stability of the main pipe 81. Then, the two shunt pipes 83 located on the left sides of the two first wheels 4 are symmetrically connected and installed on the lower end of the main pipe 81. Through the shunt pipe 83, an installation carrier is provided for the nozzle 82, and the two nozzles 82 are connected and installed on the lower ends of the two shunt pipes 83 respectively. The two nozzles 82 are used in combination to spray air to the surfaces of the two rails of the track.

[0068] When in use, the driving motor 11 and the two second wheels 12 are first used to make the vehicle plate 1 run along the track, and then the third wheel 13 is moved and rotated along the rail of the track, so that the rotating shaft 14 is rotated, and then the worm wheel 16 is rotated. Since the worm wheel 16 and the worm 17 are meshed with each other, the rotation of the worm wheel 16 will cause the worm 17 to rotate, so that the cam 18 is rotated;

[0069] When the raised portion of the cam 18 contacts the lower end of the function plate 74, the function plate 74 moves upward, thereby compressing the second elastic member 73, causing the second elastic member 73 to generate elastic force, and at the same time causing the push rod 75 to move upward, thereby causing the second piston 76 to move upward along the gas cylinder 77, so that the gas in the gas cylinder 77 enters the main pipe 81 through the gas outlet pipe 8, and then the gas in the main pipe 81 is diverted to the two diverter pipes 83, and then the gas is sprayed onto the outer surfaces of the two rails of the track through the two nozzles 82, so as to timely clean the impurities on the outer surface of the rail of the track, effectively reduce the probability of the first wheel 4 generating additional vibration and noise due to the impurities attached to the outer surface of the rail of the track, and effectively ensure the detection quality and effect;

[0070] When the raised portion of the cam 18 is separated from the lower end of the functional plate 74, the functional plate 74 moves downward under the elastic force of the second elastic member 73, thereby causing the push rod 75 and the second piston 76 to move downward, and allowing external gas to enter the air cylinder 77 through the suction tube 72, so that the air is replenished into the air cylinder 77, thereby continuously cleaning the impurities on the outer surface of the rail of the track and achieving the purpose of generating a linkage between the cleaning operation and the movement of the vehicle plate 1.

[0071] Embodiment 3: A vehicle plate 1, a drive motor 11, two second wheels 12, two third wheels 13 and a rotating shaft 14 are used to make the two first wheels 4 move on the rails of the track, and the rails of the track are installed on the upper end of the track plate. However, the construction position of the track plate is prone to decline or bulge due to factors such as the settlement of the corresponding soil, resulting in a high probability of deformation of the track rails at the corresponding position, resulting in a high probability of additional vibration, noise, etc. when the first wheel 4 moves on the track rails in this area, which will affect the quality and effect of rail disease detection.

[0072] In order to solve the above problems, Figure 12-Figure 15 As shown, the vertical parts of two oppositely arranged fixing frames 9 located on the outer side of the outer tube 2 and having an L-shaped cross section are symmetrically mounted on the left end of the vehicle plate 1, and the fixing frames 9 are used to provide a mounting carrier for components such as the movable plate 91, and two movable plates 91 with a V-shaped structure arranged with a width on the left and a narrowness on the right are respectively movably mounted on the left ends of the vertical parts of the two fixing frames 9, and the movable plates 91 are used to provide a mounting carrier for components such as the guide rod 96, and the transverse parts of the two fixing frames 9 are both recessed inwardly to form a through groove 95 that is arranged transversely and penetrates the transverse part of the fixing frames 9, and the through groove 95 is used to provide a mounting space for the slider 93;

[0073] The two screw rods 94 are respectively rotated and connected in the two through grooves 95, and the slider 93 is moved left and right through the screw rods 94. The two sliders 93 respectively slidably connected in the two through grooves 95 are respectively threadedly connected to the outer ends of the two screw rods 94, and the sliders 93 provide a mounting carrier for the support arms 92. Then, the other ends of the two support arms 92, which are respectively movably arranged at the outer ends of the two movable plates 91 and are arranged in a V-shaped structure with narrow left and wide right, are respectively movably installed on the inner ends of the two sliders 93, and the movable plate 91 is moved through the support arms 92;

[0074] A plurality of vertical grooves 912 are formed on the lower end surface of the movable plate 91, and the vertical grooves 912 provide installation space for components such as the distance sensor 911. The plurality of distance sensors 911 are respectively arranged on the top ends of the plurality of vertical grooves 912. The movement distance of the guide plate 913 is detected by the distance sensor 911, and the plurality of guide plates 913 located on the lower side of the distance sensor 911 are respectively slidably connected in the plurality of vertical grooves 912. The guide plates 913 provide installation carriers for the guide rods 96. Then, the plurality of guide rods 96 extending from the lower side of the vertical grooves 912 are respectively installed on the middle parts of the lower ends of the plurality of guide plates 913. The guide rods 96 provide installation carriers for the universal wheels 97.

[0075] Multiple universal wheels 97 located on the lower side of the movable plate 91 are respectively set on the lower ends of multiple guide rods 96. The guide rods 96 are lifted by the universal wheels 97, and multiple fifth plugs 914 respectively slidably connected to the outer ends of the multiple guide rods 96 are respectively threadedly connected to the multiple vertical grooves 912. The fifth plugs 914 are used to restrict the installation between the guide plate 913 and the vertical groove 912.

[0076] When in use, first place the two second wheels 12, the two third wheels 13 and the two first wheels 4 on the two rails of the track, respectively. At this time, the two movable plates 91 are respectively located directly above the track plates on both sides of the rails of the track.

[0077] Then the screw 94 is rotated. Since the screw 94 is threadedly connected to the slider 93, the rotation of the screw 94 simultaneously moves the slider 93 to the left along the through slot 95, thereby causing the support arm 92 to move to the left toward the outside, thereby causing the support arm 92 to move inward toward the inside, thereby causing the movable plate 91 to swing inward to a suitable angle, and the plurality of universal wheels 97 are all fitted on the upper end of the track plate to adjust the angle of the movable plate 91, effectively meeting the detection of track plates of different widths and effectively ensuring the detection effect;

[0078] Then, the driving motor 11, the two second wheels 12, the two third wheels 13 and the rotating shaft 14 are used to move the vehicle plate 1 to the left, thereby causing the two fixed frames 9 and the two movable plates 91 and other components to move to the left, so that the multiple universal wheels 97 all move to the left along the track plate. Since the multiple universal wheels 97 are in an inclined structure, the multiple universal wheels 97 will move in different areas at the upper end of the track plate;

[0079] When a certain area of ​​the track plate sinks or bulges, and the universal wheel 97 moves to the position of the area, the corresponding guide rod 96, guide plate 913 and the universal wheel 97 will move downward under the weight of the corresponding guide rod 96, guide plate 913 and the universal wheel 97, so that the universal wheel 97 is closely attached to the upper end surface of the track plate. At this time, the corresponding distance sensor 911 will collect the downward movement distance of the guide plate 913;

[0080] The distance data of the corresponding position is then transmitted to the terminal, which then analyzes and calculates the acceleration data of vibration, vertical vibration, lateral vibration, noise time domain data and the distance data of the corresponding position, thereby performing wheel-rail defect detection operations through the collection and analysis and calculation of vibration noise, and realizing auxiliary detection of the track plate, effectively reducing the probability of deformation of the track rail at this position due to factors such as settlement of the track ground, effectively reducing the probability of interference of the track rail with data collection due to external factors, and effectively ensuring the quality and effect of detection.

[0081] A wheel-rail defect detection method based on vibration noise collection, using the above-mentioned wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection, comprises the following steps:

[0082] The first step is pre-processing, firstly placing the two first wheels 4, the two second wheels 12 and the two third wheels 13 on the two rails on the track respectively;

[0083] The second step is data collection. The driving motor 11 is used to drive the two second wheels 12 to move along the two rails respectively, and with the assistance of the two third wheels 13, the vehicle plate 1 moves to the left along the track, thereby pushing the installation box 7, the two round rods 3, the two outer cylinders 2, the two vertical shells 6 and the two horizontal shells 5 to move to the left, and then the two first wheels 4 move along the two rails respectively. At this time, the two first acceleration sensors 56, the two second acceleration sensors 64 and the two third acceleration sensors 321 respectively collect the vertical, horizontal and longitudinal vibration acceleration data generated by the two moving first wheels 4, and the two acoustic sensors 42 respectively collect the noise data generated by the two moving first wheels 4, and transmit the collected data to the terminal via wireless, and display it through the display unit on the terminal;

[0084] The third step is data processing. The above data are processed to obtain the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise, as well as the change trend of the above waveform characteristics accumulated over time, and are associated with the line ledger and vehicle speed data according to mileage. The above data and the line parameters of vehicle operation form an associated data set for census screening and identification of vibration and noise-significant sections, that is, the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise and their line locations;

[0085] The fourth step is detection. The second and third steps are repeated multiple times to collect multiple and long-term running data on the same track, analyze the development and increase trends of the data, determine the development trends and laws of wheel-rail defects, and then complete the detection of wheel-rail defects.

[0086] Although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode includes only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection, characterized in that: The vehicle plate (1) comprises a cleaning member installed at the middle of the left end of the vehicle plate (1), an outer cylinder (2) is arranged on both the front and rear sides of the cleaning member, and two fixing plates (21) are symmetrically arranged between the outer cylinder (2) and the cleaning member, the left end surface of the vehicle plate (1) is recessed to the right to form two grooves (33), and the two grooves (33) are respectively located on the right side of the two outer cylinders (2), the first pistons (32) are slidably connected in the two grooves (33), the left ends of the two first pistons (32) are respectively provided with round rods (3), and the round rods (3) extend out of the left side of the grooves (33), the two round rods (3) respectively penetrate the two outer cylinders (2), the two outer cylinders (2) are respectively provided with annular air bags (23), and the two annular air bags (23) are respectively sleeved on the outer ends of the two round rods (3); A collecting member is provided at the lower left end of the two round rods (3), and the collecting member is located outside the cleaning member. The two collecting members are respectively located on the left sides of the two outer cylinders (2). The two collecting members are rotatably connected to the first wheel (4) toward the outer end, and the cross section of the first wheel (4) is T-shaped. The first wheel (4) is located outside the cleaning member. A driving member is provided at the lower end of the vehicle plate (1), and the driving member is connected to the cleaning member.

2. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving member comprises a driving device, the fixing portion of the driving device is mounted on the lower right end of the vehicle plate (1), and second wheels (12) are arranged on the outer ends of two output shafts of the driving device, and the two second wheels (12) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the vehicle plate (1); A third wheel (13) is installed on the left side of the two second wheels (12), and the two third wheels (13) are respectively located on the right side of the two first wheels (4). A rotating shaft (14) is arranged between the two third wheels (13), and the rotating shaft (14) is rotatably installed on the lower end of the vehicle plate (1) through a first bearing seat.

3. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cleaning member comprises a mounting box (7), the mounting box (7) being arranged on the middle part of the left end of the vehicle plate (1), and the mounting box (7) being located between the two outer cylinders (2), and two fixing plates (21) being symmetrically arranged between the mounting box (7) and the outer cylinder (2), an air cylinder (77) being arranged inside the mounting box (7), the outer end of the air cylinder (77) being connected to the mounting jet assembly, and the jet assembly extending out of the left side of the mounting box (7), the interior of the air cylinder (77) being slidably connected to a second piston (76), a push rod (75) being arranged at the middle part of the lower end of the second piston (76), and the push rod (75) extending out of the lower side of the mounting box (7), and the push rod (75) being slidably connected to the mounting box (7); A function plate (74) is arranged at the lower end of the push rod (75), a second elastic member (73) is installed between the function plate (74) and the installation box (7), and the second elastic member (73) is located outside the push rod (75), the lower end of the function plate (74) is in contact with the cam (18), a worm (17) is arranged at the right end of the cam (18), the worm (17) is rotatably arranged on the lower end of the installation box (7) through a second bearing seat, the right end of the worm (17) is rotatably arranged on the lower end of the vehicle plate (1) through a third bearing seat, and the third bearing seat is located on the left side of the driving device, the upper end of the worm (17) is engaged with a worm wheel (16), the worm wheel (16) is arranged on the outer end of the middle part of the rotating shaft (14), and the worm wheel (16) is located on the lower side of the vehicle plate (1).

4. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The jet assembly comprises an air outlet pipe (8), the air outlet pipe (8) is connected and installed on the left end of the air cylinder (77), and the position where the air outlet pipe (8) and the air cylinder (77) are connected is located on the upper side of the second piston (76), the air outlet pipe (8) extends out of the left side of the installation box (7), and a first one-way valve is installed on the air outlet pipe (8), the upper end of the air cylinder (77) is connected and provided with a suction pipe (72), and a second one-way valve is installed on the suction pipe (72), and the suction pipe (72) extends out of the upper side of the installation box (7); The left end of the air outlet pipe (8) is connected to the installation main pipe (81), two auxiliary rods (71) are symmetrically arranged between the main pipe (81) and the installation box (7), and the two auxiliary rods (71) are located at the front and rear sides of the air outlet pipe (8), and the lower end of the main pipe (81) is symmetrically connected to two branch pipes (83), and the two branch pipes (83) are respectively located on the left side of the two first wheels (4), and the lower ends of the two branch pipes (83) are connected to the installation nozzle (82).

5. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collecting member comprises a vertical shell (6), the interior of the vertical shell (6) is slidably connected to a second circular plate (62), and the vertical shell (6) is located on the left side of the outer cylinder (2); a vertical rod (61) is provided in the middle of the upper end of the second circular plate (62), and the vertical rod (61) extends out of the upper side of the vertical shell (6) and is connected to the lower end of the circular rod (3); a first collector is provided in the middle of the lower end of the second circular plate (62); a fourth plug (63) is installed on the outer side of the vertical rod (61), and the fourth plug (63) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the vertical shell (6); A transverse shell (5) is installed at the lower outer end of the vertical shell (6), and a first circular plate (55) is slidably connected inside the transverse shell (5). A first elastic member (57) is installed between the inner end of the first circular plate (55) and the inner wall of the transverse shell (5). A second collector is installed at the middle of the inner end of the first circular plate (55), and the second collector is located on the inner side of the first elastic member (57). A mounting shaft (53) is provided at the middle of the outer end of the first circular plate (55), and the mounting shaft (53) extends out of the outer side of the transverse shell (5) and is rotatably connected to the first wheel (4). A third plug (54) is installed outside the mounting shaft (53), and the third plug (54) is threadedly connected to the outer end of the transverse shell (5). An auxiliary component is installed at the outer end of the transverse shell (5), and the auxiliary component is fitted on the inner end of the first wheel (4).

6. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The auxiliary component comprises an annular box (52), the annular box (52) is attached to the inner end of the first wheel (4), and the annular box (52) is located on the outer side of the transverse shell (5); the large diameter portion of the first wheel (4) is recessed inwardly toward the outer end to form a plurality of through holes (41), and the through holes (41) penetrate the large diameter portion of the first wheel (4); the plurality of through holes (41) are connected to the annular box (52); a third collector is arranged inside the lower side of the annular box (52), and the third collector is located on the inner side of the lowermost through hole (41); a plurality of reinforcing rods (51) are equidistantly installed at the left end of the annular box (52), and the cross section of the reinforcing rods is L-shaped; the other ends of the plurality of reinforcing rods are arranged on the outer end of the transverse shell (5); and a fourth collector is installed at the middle of the right ends of the two first pistons (32).

7. The wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first plug (15) is disposed on the outside of the two round rods (3), and the two first plugs (15) are respectively threadedly connected to the two grooves (33); a first protective member is installed on the right end of the two first pistons (32), and the two first protective members are respectively located on the outside of the two round rods (3), the two first protective members are respectively located on the right side of the two first plugs (15), and the two first protective members are respectively located in the two grooves (33); Two second plugs (22) are symmetrically mounted on the outside of the round rod (3), and the two second plugs (22) are arranged opposite to each other. The two second plugs (22) are respectively threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the outer tube (2), and an annular air bag (23) is arranged between the two second plugs (22).

8. A wheel-rail defect detection method based on vibration noise collection, using the wheel-rail defect detection device based on vibration noise collection according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The first step is pre-processing, firstly placing the two first wheels (4), the two second wheels (12) and the two third wheels (13) on two rails on the track respectively; The second step is data collection. The driving device is used to drive the two second wheels (12) to move along the two rails respectively, and with the assistance of the two third wheels (13), the vehicle plate (1) is moved to the left along the track, thereby pushing the installation box (7), the two round rods (3), the two outer cylinders (2), the two vertical shells (6) and the two horizontal shells (5) to move to the left, thereby making the two first wheels (4) move along the two rails respectively. At this time, the two first collectors, the two second collectors and the two fourth collectors respectively collect the vertical, horizontal and longitudinal vibration acceleration data generated by the two moving first wheels (4), and the two third collectors respectively collect the noise data generated by the two moving first wheels (4), and transmit the collected data to the terminal via wireless, and display it on the display unit on the terminal; The third step is data processing. The above data are processed to obtain the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise, as well as the change trend of the above waveform characteristics accumulated over time, and are associated with the line ledger and vehicle speed data according to mileage. The above data and the line parameters of vehicle operation form an associated data set for census screening and identification of vibration and noise-significant sections, that is, the time domain waveform peak, frequency domain peak and peak frequency, vibration level / noise level and corresponding frequency of vibration and noise and their line locations; The fourth step is detection. The second and third steps are repeated multiple times to collect multiple and long-term running data on the same track, analyze the development and increase trends of the data, determine the development trends and laws of wheel-rail defects, and then complete the detection of wheel-rail defects.

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