A method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, comprising preparing a filler with high photothermal properties, preparing a spray coating, constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating, and performing thermal curing and demolding treatments, thereby finally obtaining a long-lasting anti-icing coating. By meticulously designing the regular microstructure of the coating surface, a combination of low surface energy, low natural light reflection, and high photothermal conversion efficiency is achieved, thereby maximizing the capture and conversion of natural light into thermal energy, and efficiently storing it in an integrated paraffin material. At extremely low temperatures, the stored thermal energy is gradually released, effectively preventing ice from forming on the blade surface. The coating perfectly integrates photothermal conversion, energy storage, and intelligent hydrophobic functions, significantly improving the anti-icing efficiency and durability, and solving the problems of low photothermal conversion efficiency and difficult-to-sustain anti-icing effect of traditional coatings. The coating has broad application prospects in outdoor equipment such as wind turbine blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wind turbine blade protection, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global wind power industry, wind turbine blades, as core components of wind power generation systems, have a significant impact on the overall system's power generation efficiency and operational safety. However, in cold climates, icing on wind turbine blades has become a major challenge hindering the industry's development. Icing not only significantly reduces blade aerodynamic performance and energy capture, leading to a significant drop in power generation efficiency, but also increases blade weight, exacerbating mechanical stress, accelerating blade fatigue damage, and even causing structural failure. To address this challenge, photothermal anti-icing coatings have emerged. They utilize natural light sources such as sunlight, converting light energy into heat through a highly efficient photothermal conversion mechanism, thereby melting or preventing ice from forming on the blade surface, significantly improving the operational efficiency and safety of wind turbine blades in cold climates. Compared to traditional anti-icing coatings, photothermal anti-icing coatings utilize innovative materials and structural designs to enhance the coating's durability, maintaining its anti-icing effect over time and reducing maintenance costs and frequency. In recent years, superhydrophobic anti-icing and de-icing coatings based on the photothermal effect have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties.

[0003] The Chinese patent "A super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating for passive photothermal deicing, its preparation method and application" (application publication number: CN115160857A, publication date: 2022.7.8) proposes an innovative method for preparing a super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating. The coating has a hollow porous carbon fiber derived from ZIF-8 as the core structure, and its surface is covered with polygonal protrusions and a large number of polygonal pores. This unique micro-nano structure not only gives the coating super-hydrophobic properties, effectively preventing water droplets from adhering to and freezing on the surface, but also significantly increases the specific surface area of ​​the coating and improves the ability to capture sunlight. It can heat up rapidly during the day, thereby accelerating the melting of the surface ice layer, showing excellent passive photothermal deicing performance. However, the irregular structure causes some light to deviate from the ideal path after multiple refractions, resulting in a waste of light energy.

[0004] The Chinese patent "A super-hydrophobic anti-icing and de-icing coating with photothermal effect and its preparation method" (application publication number: CN202110038224.1, publication date: 2021.1.12) discloses a super-hydrophobic anti-icing and de-icing coating with photothermal effect and its preparation method. By using melanin nanoparticles and hydrophobically modified SiO2 nanoparticles, a coating with excellent photothermal deicing performance and super-hydrophobic anti-icing performance is prepared. Although the photothermal efficiency of the coating is greatly improved, however, although the coating shows excellent performance under daylight conditions, its anti-icing and de-icing ability at night or in insufficient light is severely limited.

[0005] Therefore, developing a coating that can maximize the use of solar energy for photothermal deicing during the day and maintain a certain anti-icing ability at night or in low-light environments has become a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the current field of anti-icing and deicing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a long-term anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, focusing on long-term anti-icing and de-icing effects, suitable for the protection of wind turbine blades, and solving the problem of poor long-term anti-icing effect of existing anti-icing coatings.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0010] The carbon source, metal salt and solvent are ultrasonically dispersed uniformly in proportion, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment, centrifugation, vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, vacuum calcination, acid washing, vacuum drying at 60°C and grinding to obtain a filler with high photothermal properties;

[0011] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0012] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, the organic polymer, paraffin wax, the leveling agent, the dispersant and the solvent are mixed in proportion, and the mixture is heated, stirred and ultrasonically crushed to obtain a spray coating;

[0013] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0014] The spray coating in step 2 is placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying parameters are adjusted, and the spray coating is applied to the pretreated wind turbine blade to form a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating on the wind turbine blade;

[0015] Step 4: thermal curing and demoulding of the pattern;

[0016] The coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold having a regular pattern, and is subjected to a heat curing treatment and a water immersion demoulding treatment to obtain a long-lasting anti-icing coating.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 1, the amounts of the various materials used are, by mass percentage, 20%-35% of carbon source, 5%-8% of metal salt, and 60%-75% of solvent, with the total amount of the above materials being 100%.

[0018] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the carbon source in step 1 is any one of glucose, starch, amino acid, and sucrose, the metal salt is any one of ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate, sodium stannate, sodium tungstate, and sodium molybdate, the solvent is any one of water, ethanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol, and the acid used for pickling is any one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.

[0019] Furthermore, the hydrothermal treatment temperature in step 1 is 180-220°C, the hydrothermal time is 4-48h, the centrifugal speed is 8000-10000rpm, the centrifugal time is 5-30min, the vacuum calcination temperature is 800-1000°C, the calcination time is 3-5h, the acid concentration is 1-5mol / L, and the pickling time is 3-6h.

[0020] Furthermore, the organic polymer in step 2 is any one of epoxy resin, silicone resin, polytetrafluoroethylene and acrylic resin, the leveling agent is any one of MONENG-1154, polydimethylsiloxane, and Levelling 620 associative leveling agent, the dispersant is any one of Deqian 410, BYK-306 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the solvent is any one of water, isopropyl alcohol, xylene, and acetone.

[0021] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the filler with high photothermal properties, the organic polymer, the paraffin wax, the leveling agent, the dispersant, and the solvent is 0.5-2:1-1.5:1-3:0.1-0.5:0.2-0.4:2-6;

[0022] Furthermore, in step 2, the heating and stirring temperature is 60-80° C., the heating and stirring rate is 400-1000 rpm, the stirring is 6-8 h, and the ultrasonic crushing time is 0.5-1 h.

[0023] Furthermore, the spraying parameters in step 3 are: spraying pressure of 10-15 MPa, spraying angle of 45-90°, spraying distance maintained at 15-40 cm, and spraying rate of 30-60 cm / s.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 4, the three-dimensional pattern of the cardboard mold is in any one of a rhombus, a cone, and a wave shape, the interval between single three-dimensional pattern units is 0.1-1 mm, and the thickness of the cardboard mold is 0.5-1 cm.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 4, the heat curing treatment temperature is 60-100° C., and the immersion time is 0.5-1 h.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention proposes a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades. Through the fine design of the patterning of the coating surface, a regular surface microstructure is formed. While having low surface energy, it is conducive to achieving low reflection of natural light, ensuring the maximum passage of natural light, and greatly enhancing the internal high-photothermal conversion efficiency filler's ability to effectively capture and convert natural light, and then efficiently storing the converted heat energy in the integrated paraffin material to form a stable thermal energy storage system. In an extremely low temperature environment, the heat energy stored in the paraffin can be gradually released, effectively resisting the icing tendency of the blade surface, and realizing the perfect fusion of photothermal conversion, energy storage and intelligent hydrophobic functions. This comprehensive performance greatly improves the efficiency and durability of the anti-icing coating, and also fundamentally solves the key problems of traditional coatings in low photothermal conversion efficiency and difficult to sustain anti-icing effects. The coating has extremely broad application prospects in outdoor equipment that is susceptible to icing, such as wind turbine blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a long-term anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1 of a method for preparing a long-term anti-icing coating for a wind turbine blade according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a long-term anti-icing coating prepared in Example 2 of a method for preparing a long-term anti-icing coating for a wind turbine blade according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a long-term anti-icing coating prepared in Example 3 of a method for preparing a long-term anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to the present invention.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings, 1-conical microstructure surface, 2-hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating, 3-high photothermal property filler, 4-diamond microstructure surface, 5-elliptical microstructure surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To facilitate understanding of the features and effects of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the following provides a general description and definition of the terms and expressions used in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meanings as understood by those skilled in the art regarding the present invention. In the event of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall prevail.

[0033] The theories or mechanisms described and disclosed herein should not limit the scope of the present invention in any way, that is, the present invention can be implemented without being limited by any specific theory or mechanism.

[0034] Herein, all features such as values, amounts, amounts, and concentrations defined in numerical ranges or percentage ranges are for brevity and convenience only. Accordingly, the description of numerical ranges or percentage ranges should be considered to include and specifically disclose all possible subranges and individual values ​​within the range (including integers and fractions).

[0035] In this document, unless otherwise specified, “include,” “including,” “contains,” “has” or similar terms cover the meanings of “consisting of” and “mainly consisting of,” for example, “A includes a” covers the meanings of “A includes a and other” and “A only includes a.”

[0036] In this document, for the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in each embodiment or example are described. Therefore, as long as there are no contradictions in the combination of these technical features, the various technical features in each embodiment or example can be combined in any way, and all possible combinations should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0037] The present invention provides a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0039] 20%-35% carbon source, 5%-8% metal salt and 60%-75% solvent are fully ultrasonically dispersed, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment at 180-220°C for 4-48h, and then centrifuged at a speed of 8000-10000rpm for 5-30min, and vacuum dried at 60°C for 12h, and the obtained sample is placed in a tube furnace for vacuum calcination at 800-1000°C for 3-5h, and then washed with 1-5mol / L acid for 3-6h, vacuum dried at 60°C and ground uniformly to obtain a filler with high photothermal properties; wherein the carbon source is any one of glucose, starch, amino acid, sucrose, etc., the metal salt is any one of ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate, sodium stannate, sodium tungstate, sodium molybdate, etc., the solvent is any one of water, ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, etc., and the acid used for pickling is any one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, etc.;

[0040] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0041] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, the organic polymer, paraffin, the leveling agent, the dispersant and the solvent are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5-2:1-1.5:1-3:0.1-0.5:0.2-0.4:2-6, and stirred at 400-1000 rpm for 6-8 hours at 60-80° C. and ultrasonically crushed for 0.5-1 hour to obtain a spray coating; wherein the organic polymer is any one of epoxy resin, silicone resin, polytetrafluoroethylene and acrylic resin, the leveling agent is any one of MONENG-1154, polydimethylsiloxane, Levelling 620 associative leveling agent, etc., the dispersant is any one of Deqian 410, BYK-306 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, etc., and the solvent is any one of water, isopropyl alcohol, xylene, acetone, etc.;

[0042] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0043] The spray coating in step 2 is placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying pressure is adjusted to 10-15 MPa, the spraying angle is 45-90°, the spraying distance is maintained at 15-40 cm, the spraying rate is 30-60 cm / s, and the pretreated wind turbine blade is sprayed to obtain a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating;

[0044] Step 4: thermal curing and demoulding of the pattern;

[0045] The hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold with a three-dimensional regular pattern, and after a heat curing treatment at 60-100°C and a demolding treatment by immersing in water for 0.5-1h, a long-lasting anti-icing coating is obtained; wherein the three-dimensional pattern shape of the cardboard mold is any one of diamond, cone, wave, etc., the interval between single patterns is 0.1-1mm, and the cardboard thickness is 0.5-1cm.

[0046] The disclosed method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades improves the photothermal properties of the filler by regulating the hydrothermal and calcination temperatures. By adjusting the ratio of photothermal filler, organic polymer, and paraffin wax, as well as key spraying process parameters, a multifunctional coating with hydrophobicity, photothermal properties, and energy storage is prepared. Finally, the sprayed coating surface is patterned and customized. By regulating the density and thickness of the pattern and combining thermal curing and dehydration treatments, the coating surface is provided with a low-surface-energy microstructure coating while also improving the coating surface's maximum ability to capture natural light, thereby achieving a multifunctional coating that integrates light capture, photothermal conversion, and heat storage.

[0047] A method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades. The coating surface is patterned and customized to form a regular microstructure. This not only facilitates low reflection of natural light, ensuring maximum light transmission, but also has low surface energy, enabling the internal high-photothermal filler to fully utilize natural light and convert it into heat energy stored in paraffin. This facilitates the release of heat during subsequent low-temperature processes, ultimately achieving the beneficial effect of long-lasting anti-icing. The anti-icing coating prepared by the present invention solves the problems of low photothermal conversion efficiency and poor sustainability of anti-icing effects in existing coatings, and has important application prospects for wind turbine blades.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0051] 35% glucose, 5% ferric nitrate and 60% water were fully ultrasonically dispersed, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment at 180°C for 48 hours, and then centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 30 minutes. After vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, the obtained sample was placed in a tube furnace for vacuum calcination at 800°C for 5 hours, and then pickled with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid for 6 hours, vacuum dried at 60°C and ground uniformly to obtain filler 3 with high photothermal properties;

[0052] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0053] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, epoxy resin, paraffin, MONENG-1154, Deqian 410 and isopropyl alcohol were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5:1:1:0.1:0.2:2, stirred at 400 rpm for 8 h at 60° C., and ultrasonically crushed for 0.5 h to obtain a spray coating;

[0054] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0055] The spray coating in step 2 was placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying pressure was adjusted to 10 MPa, the spraying angle was 45°, the spraying distance was maintained at 15 cm, the spraying rate was 30 cm / s, and the pretreated wind turbine blade was sprayed to obtain a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating 2;

[0056] Step 4: Pattern thermal curing and demoulding:

[0057] The coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold (1 cm thick) having a three-dimensional conical pattern (the interval between the cones is 1 mm), and after a heat curing treatment at 100°C and a demolding treatment by immersing in water for 0.5 hours, a long-lasting anti-icing coating having a conical microstructure surface 1 is obtained.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0061] 20% starch, 8% sodium stannate, and 72% methanol were fully ultrasonically dispersed, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment at 220°C for 4 hours, and then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes. After vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, the obtained sample was placed in a tube furnace for vacuum calcination at 1,000°C for 3 hours, and then acid-washed with 5 mol / L sulfuric acid for 3 hours, vacuum dried at 60°C, and ground uniformly to obtain filler 3 with high photothermal properties;

[0062] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0063] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, silicone resin, paraffin, polydimethylsiloxane, BYK-306 and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1.5:3:0.5:0.4:6, stirred at 80°C at 1000 rpm for 6 hours, and ultrasonically crushed for 1 hour to obtain a spray coating;

[0064] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0065] The spray coating in step 2 was placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying pressure was adjusted to 15 MPa, the spraying angle was 90°, the spraying distance was maintained at 40 cm, the spraying rate was 60 cm / s, and the pretreated wind turbine blade was sprayed to obtain a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating 2;

[0066] Step 4: Pattern thermal curing and demoulding:

[0067] The coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold (0.5 cm thick) having a diamond-shaped three-dimensional pattern (the interval between the diamonds is 0.1 mm), and after a heat curing treatment at 60°C and a demolding treatment by immersing in water for 1 hour, a long-lasting anti-icing coating having a diamond-shaped microstructure surface 4 is obtained.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0071] 30% amino acid, 6% sodium molybdate and 64% ethylene glycol were fully ultrasonically dispersed, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment at 200°C for 24 hours, and then centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 20 minutes. After vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, the obtained sample was placed in a tube furnace for vacuum calcination at 900°C for 4 hours, and then acid-washed with 3 mol / L nitric acid for 4 hours, vacuum dried at 60°C and ground uniformly to obtain filler 3 with high photothermal properties;

[0072] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0073] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, polytetrafluoroethylene, paraffin, Levelling 620, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and xylene were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:0.3:0.3:4, stirred at 500 rpm for 7 h at 70°C, and ultrasonically crushed for 0.6 h to obtain a spray coating;

[0074] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0075] The spray coating in step 2 was placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying pressure was adjusted to 12 MPa, the spraying angle was 60°, the spraying distance was maintained at 20 cm, the spraying rate was 40 cm / s, and the pretreated wind turbine blade was sprayed to obtain a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating 2;

[0076] Step 4: thermal curing and demoulding of the pattern;

[0077] The coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold (0.6 cm thick) having an elliptical pattern (with a wave interval of 0.5 mm), and subjected to a heat curing treatment at 100°C and a demolding treatment by immersing in water for 0.5 h to obtain a long-lasting anti-icing coating having an elliptical microstructure surface 5.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties:

[0080] 20% sucrose, 5% sodium tungstate and 75% ethanol were fully ultrasonically dispersed, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment at 190°C for 36 hours, and then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes. After vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, the obtained sample was placed in a tube furnace for vacuum calcination at 1,000°C for 3 hours, and then washed with 4 mol / L acid for 3 hours, vacuum dried at 60°C and ground uniformly to obtain a filler with high photothermal properties.

[0081] Step 2, prepare spray coating:

[0082] The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, acrylic resin, polydimethylsiloxane, BYK-306 and acetone were mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1:2:0.4:0.4:5, stirred at 800 rpm for 7 hours at 70°C, and ultrasonically crushed for 1 hour to obtain a spray coating;

[0083] Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating:

[0084] The spray coating in step 2 was placed in a high-pressure spray pot, the spraying pressure was adjusted to 13 MPa, the spraying angle was 90°, the spraying distance was maintained at 20 cm, the spraying rate was 40 cm / s, and the pretreated wind turbine blade was sprayed to obtain a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating;

[0085] Step 4: Pattern thermal curing and demoulding:

[0086] The coating obtained in step 3 was covered with a cardboard mold (0.5 cm thick) with an elliptical pattern (the interval between waves was 0.8 mm), and after a heat curing treatment at 80°C and a demolding treatment by immersing in water for 0.5 h, a long-lasting anti-icing coating with an elliptical microstructure surface was obtained.

[0087] The above content is only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Prepare fillers with high photothermal properties: The carbon source, metal salt and solvent are uniformly dispersed by ultrasonication in proportion, and then placed in a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment, centrifugation, vacuum drying at 60°C for 12 hours, vacuum calcination, acid washing, vacuum drying at 60°C and grinding to obtain a filler with high photothermal properties, wherein the hydrothermal treatment temperature is 180-220°C and the vacuum calcination temperature is 800-1000°C; Step 2, prepare spray coating: The filler with high photothermal properties obtained in step 1, the organic polymer, paraffin, the leveling agent, the dispersant and the solvent are mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5-2:1-1.5:1-3:0.1-0.5:0.2-0.4:2-6, and the mixture is heated, stirred and ultrasonically crushed to obtain a spray coating; Step 3: Constructing a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating: The spray coating in step 2 is placed in a high-pressure spray pot, and the spraying parameters are adjusted to spray on the pretreated wind turbine blade to form a hydrophobic-photothermal-energy storage coating on the wind turbine blade. The spraying parameters are: spraying pressure of 10-15 MPa, spraying angle of 45-90°, spraying distance maintained at 15-40 cm, and spraying rate of 30-60 cm / s; Step 4: Pattern thermal curing and demoulding: The coating obtained in step 3 is covered with a cardboard mold having a regular pattern, and is subjected to a heat curing treatment and a water immersion demoulding treatment to obtain a long-lasting anti-icing coating.

2. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the amounts of the various materials used are calculated by mass percentage as follows: carbon source 20%-35%, metal salt 5%-8% and solvent 60%-75%, and the total of the above materials is 100%.

3. A method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The carbon source in step 1 is any one of glucose, starch, amino acid, and sucrose; the metal salt is any one of ferric nitrate, nickel nitrate, sodium stannate, sodium tungstate, and sodium molybdate; the solvent is any one of water, ethanol, methanol, and ethylene glycol; and the acid used for pickling is any one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid.

4. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the hydrothermal time is 4-48 h, the centrifugal speed is 8000-10000 rpm, the centrifugal time is 5-30 min, the vacuum calcination time is 3-5 h, the acid concentration is 1-5 mol / L, and the acid washing time is 3-6 h.

5. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic polymer in step 2 is any one of epoxy resin, silicone resin, polytetrafluoroethylene and acrylic resin, the leveling agent is any one of MONENG-1154, polydimethylsiloxane, and Levelling 620 associative leveling agent, the dispersant is any one of Deqian 410, BYK-306 and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the solvent is any one of water, isopropyl alcohol, xylene, and acetone.

6. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the heating and stirring temperature is 60-80° C., the heating and stirring rate is 400-1000 rpm, the stirring is 6-8 h, and the ultrasonic crushing time is 0.5-1 h.

7. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional pattern of the cardboard mold in step 4 is in any one of a rhombus, a cone, and a wave shape, the interval between individual three-dimensional pattern units is 0.1-1 mm, and the thickness of the cardboard mold is 0.5-1 cm.

8. The method for preparing a long-lasting anti-icing coating for wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the heat curing treatment temperature is 60-100° C., and the immersion time is 0.5-1 h.

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