Electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large-slag-quantity smelting

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and discloses an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large-slag-quantity smelting. Comprising a steel outlet, a slag outlet, an air blow gun, a slag-metal separation baffle, a weight sensor, a high-temperature camera and an automatic control system. The average height of the tapping hole is 15-20% higher than that of the reference slag interface, and the average height of the slag outlet is 10-15% higher than that of the reference slag interface. Air blow guns are arranged at a steel outlet and a slag outlet, and a slag-metal separation baffle is telescopic to control the flowing path of slag and molten steel. The weight sensor monitors the total weight of the furnace body in real time, and the high-temperature camera monitors the slag taking-out condition during tapping. The method comprises the following steps: determining a reference slag interface height, automatically tapping, recording blowing parameters, pushing slag through blowing before tapping, descending a baffle to isolate the slag, and pouring out the steel. Full-process automatic operation is achieved through an automatic control system, slag and metal are effectively separated, the smelting efficiency and the molten steel quality are improved, the operation risk is reduced, and the method is suitable for a large-slag-amount smelting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular to an arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large slag smelting. Background Art

[0002] In the process of electric arc furnace smelting, the separation of molten steel and slag is a key link, which has an important impact on the quality and production efficiency of the final product. Slag is a by-product produced during the smelting process, mainly composed of oxides, silicates and other impurities. Molten steel and slag coexist in the electric arc furnace. Due to the difference in density between the two, under normal smelting conditions, the molten steel is located at the bottom of the furnace, while the slag floats on the molten steel. In the traditional electric arc furnace smelting process, slag-metal separation usually relies on manual control and is completed through the operator's experience and judgment of the steel-making and slag-making processes. Due to the flow characteristics of molten steel and slag, as well as the difference in operator experience, it is often difficult to achieve complete and effective separation. Especially in the case of large slag smelting, the amount of slag increases, and the slag-metal separation becomes more difficult, which easily leads to excessive slag entrained in the molten steel, thereby affecting the quality of steel and increasing the subsequent smelting and processing costs. In addition, there are many limitations and shortcomings in the manual operation method. First, the operator works for a long time in a high temperature environment, which is prone to fatigue and leads to operational errors. Secondly, due to the complexity of the working conditions during the smelting process, such as the constant changes in slag composition, smelting temperature, and molten steel composition, it is difficult for humans to make accurate judgments and adjustments in real time. Especially when the smelting steel type and production batches are frequently changed, the adaptability of manual operation is poor, and the slag-metal separation effect is prone to instability.

[0003] As the modern metallurgical industry develops in the direction of automation and intelligence, the market demand for high-quality steel is increasing, and higher requirements are also put forward for the accuracy and efficiency of slag-metal separation during the smelting process. Therefore, the traditional manual operation mode can no longer meet the needs of large-scale production and high-standard product quality. In order to improve the efficiency, stability and safety of slag-metal separation, there is an urgent need for an automated slag-metal separation device and method that can adapt to large-slag smelting conditions. The current degree of automation and separation effect of the device are still limited. Most existing devices fail to fully consider the dynamic changes of slag and molten steel under different smelting conditions in design, and cannot achieve precise control of the slag-metal separation process. Based on the above background, the present invention proposes an arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large-slag smelting, aiming to achieve efficient and stable slag-metal separation through advanced automation control technology and precise monitoring means, and meet the high standards of modern smelting technology for product quality and production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and method for large-volume smelting, aiming to improve the efficiency and accuracy of slag-metal separation, reduce manual intervention, and improve production safety and automation level.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting, comprising:

[0006] Steel outlet 8, slag outlet 5, air blowing gun 2, slag-metal separation baffle 3, weight sensor 7, high temperature camera 1 and automatic control system;

[0007] The steel tapping port 8 is arranged on one side of the furnace body, and its height is 15%-20% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used to perform the steel tapping operation after the furnace body is dumped; wherein the reference slag interface height refers to the average height of the interface between the molten steel and the slag from the furnace bottom under normal working conditions of the electric arc furnace;

[0008] The slag outlet 5 is arranged at the other side of the furnace body, and its height is 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for automatic slag flow;

[0009] The air blowing gun 2 is respectively arranged at the steel outlet 8 and the slag outlet 5, and is used to spray argon or nitrogen to prevent the slag from flowing out of the steel outlet 8 or the slag outlet 5; the jet angle of the air blowing gun 2 is in the range of 35-40 degrees to the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is less than or equal to 300ppm, argon is selected as the blowing gas; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is greater than 300ppm, nitrogen is selected as the blowing gas;

[0010] The slag-metal separation baffle 3 is a retractable baffle made of high-temperature resistant refractory material and driven by hydraulic pressure to control the flow path of slag and molten steel. The operating range and position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 are controlled by an automatic control system;

[0011] The weight sensor 7 is arranged at the bottom of the electric arc furnace to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time to control the amount of steel and slag discharged;

[0012] The high temperature camera 1 is located 5-8 meters away from the steel outlet 8, and is used to monitor whether slag is brought out during steel tapping, so as to adjust the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to block the slag;

[0013] The automatic control system is connected to the air blowing gun 2, the slag-metal separation baffle 3, the weight sensor 7, and the high-temperature camera 1, and controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components through PLC.

[0014] The air blowing gun 2 also includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high temperature environment.

[0015] The jet angle adjustment range of the air blowing gun 2 is as follows: the jet angle is first set to 40 degrees to blow through the slag and expose the surface of the molten steel, and then the angle is lowered to push the slag to the other side; the gas flow of the air blowing gun 2 is gradually increased until the slag is pushed to the other side.

[0016] The control of the flow path of slag and molten steel is as follows: the total weight of the electric arc furnace is subtracted from the weight of the electric arc furnace without molten steel, and then the amount of steel retained in each furnace is subtracted to obtain the target steel output; when 95% of the target steel output is reached, the air blowing gun 2 at the slag outlet is started to obtain the jet angle and gas flow rate;

[0017] The parameters of the air blowing gun 2 at the steel outlet are adjusted based on the two parameters of the gas flow rate and the jet angle of the air blowing gun 2 at the slag outlet that have been determined;

[0018] Slag blocking steel-tapping process: tilt the furnace body 0-45 degrees, start the air blowing gun 2 at the steel-tapping port, push the slag to the other side, lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to block the slag; when the high-temperature camera 1 detects that there is slag within 8100mm of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 from the steel-tapping port, further increase the flow rate of the air blowing gun until the slag is not brought out.

[0019] The high-temperature camera 1 is controlled in linkage with the slag-metal separation baffle 3. When the high-temperature camera 1 detects that the slag accounts for more than 20% during steel tapping, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The monitoring function of the high-temperature camera 1 is realized by a slag-metal image recognition algorithm, and the slag-metal image recognition algorithm includes the following steps: denoising and enhancing the image captured by the high-temperature camera; extracting color features, texture features and shape features in the image; classifying the extracted features based on a pre-trained deep learning model to identify the slag and molten steel components in the image; calculating the proportion of the identified slag in the image; and triggering a baffle adjustment signal when the slag proportion exceeds a preset threshold.

[0020] A method for separating gold from electric arc furnace slag for large slag smelting comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step S1. According to the slag line formed during the arc furnace smelting process, determine the reference slag interface height, and set the steel outlet 8 and the slag outlet 5 accordingly; wherein the reference slag interface height is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line position of multiple smelting cycles and taking the average value thereof;

[0022] Step S2. When the amount of slag exceeds the height of the slag outlet 5, the slag flows out automatically. When the slag is discharged by 80%, the air blowing gun at the slag outlet 5 is started, and its flow rate and angle are adjusted so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag outlet 5. The flow rate and angle parameters of the air blowing gun at the slag outlet 5 are recorded, and these parameters are directly used as the initial parameter settings of the air blowing gun at the steel outlet 8 during the next steel tapping operation.

[0023] Step S3. When the final composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the tapping requirements, firstly, argon or nitrogen is sprayed through the air blowing gun to push the slag to the side of the slag outlet 5; during the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements;

[0024] Step S4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is lowered to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag outlet 5, and then the furnace body is tilted to the side of the steel outlet to perform the steel tapping operation; when the high-temperature camera 1 detects that the slag component is too much during steel tapping, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated; the weight sensor 7 at the bottom of the furnace monitors the weight reduction of the furnace body, calculates the steel tapping amount, and controls the steel tapping;

[0025] Step S5. After the steel is tapped, the furnace body returns to the normal position. When the remaining slag in the furnace exceeds 10% of the original slag amount, the furnace body tilts toward the slag outlet 5 to discharge the excess slag through the slag outlet 5. This process is monitored and regulated by the automatic control system.

[0026] The nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements as follows: the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom is taken as the height, the diameter of the reference slag interface is taken as the diameter, the height-to-diameter ratio range of the electric arc furnace is 1.5-2, and the lowest descending position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention effectively controls the flow path of molten steel and slag by adopting a retractable slag-metal separation baffle and high-temperature camera monitoring technology. The slag-metal separation baffle can accurately adjust its position according to actual conditions to ensure the effective separation of slag and molten steel. Especially during steelmaking, the slag content in the molten steel is monitored in real time by a high-temperature camera, and the slag and metal components are identified and classified in combination with a deep learning algorithm, and the baffle position is automatically adjusted, so that the slag is effectively isolated, which greatly improves the accuracy and stability of slag-metal separation, reduces the impurity content in the molten steel, and thus improves the purity and quality of the steel.

[0028] The present invention adopts an automated control system, which uses PLC to accurately control the processes of steel tapping, slag tapping, air blowing, baffle adjustment, etc., significantly reducing the reliance on manual operations, and reducing the operational risks and production instability caused by human errors. During the entire smelting process, the automated control system can automatically perform various operations based on real-time monitoring data, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of slag-metal separation, and effectively improving the automation level and production efficiency of production.

[0029] When a traditional electric arc furnace is smelting a large amount of slag, it is often difficult to achieve effective slag-metal separation due to the increase in the amount of slag, resulting in low production efficiency. In response to this problem, the present invention optimizes the position settings of the steel outlet and the slag outlet, and combines the adjustable air blowing gun design to ensure that the slag can be quickly and smoothly discharged from the slag outlet, thereby avoiding excessive accumulation of slag in the furnace body and affecting the flow of molten steel and steel tapping operations. At the same time, the air blowing gun can flexibly adjust the jet angle and gas type according to the smelting requirements, further improving the slag blowing effect and slag-metal separation efficiency, so that the present invention can adapt to the complex working conditions of large slag smelting and significantly improve the smelting production efficiency.

[0030] The weight sensor and high-temperature camera in the present invention can monitor key parameters in the smelting process, such as the weight of the furnace body and the content of slag in the molten steel, in real time, and transmit these data to the automatic control system for processing and feedback control. The weight sensor has the characteristics of high precision and high temperature resistance, and can achieve accurate measurement in a high-temperature smelting environment, thereby accurately controlling the amount of steel and slag discharged. The high-temperature camera uses the existing image recognition algorithm to identify and analyze the slag content in the molten steel in real time, and adjusts the baffle position in time to prevent slag from mixing into the molten steel. This combination of real-time monitoring and intelligent control not only improves the accuracy of the operation, but also greatly enhances the safety and reliability of the smelting process, avoiding possible production accidents and quality problems.

[0031] The present invention reduces the reliance on manual operation and reduces labor costs through automated control and intelligent management. At the same time, due to the improvement of separation efficiency and precision, the impurity content in molten steel is reduced, the product quality is improved, and the subsequent processing and refining costs are reduced. In addition, the design of the air blowing gun can selectively spray nitrogen or a mixture of nitrogen and argon according to the type of steel, avoiding unnecessary waste of argon, thereby reducing the gas supply cost. In summary, the present invention not only improves production efficiency and product quality, but also effectively reduces production costs, and significantly improves the economic benefits of smelting enterprises. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an electric arc furnace slag-gold separation device for large slag smelting.

[0033] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of the slag-metal separation method of the electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting.

[0034] In the figure: 1. High temperature camera; 2. Air blow gun; 3. Slag-metal separation baffle; 4. Electrode; 5. Slag outlet; 6. Slag; 7. Weight sensor; 8. Steel outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention provides an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting, comprising:

[0036] Steel tapping port 8: located on one side of the furnace body, 15%-20% higher than the reference slag interface height, used to perform steel tapping after the furnace body is dumped. The reference slag interface height refers to the average height of the interface between molten steel and slag 6 under normal working conditions of the electric arc furnace.

[0037] Slag outlet 5: located on the other side of the furnace body, with a height 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, used for automatic slag flow.

[0038] Air blowing gun 2: It is installed at the steel outlet 8 and the slag outlet 5, and is used to spray argon or nitrogen to prevent the slag 6 from flowing out of the steel outlet 9 or the slag outlet 5; the air blowing gun 2 has an adjustable jet angle and gas flow rate, and can selectively spray nitrogen, argon or a mixed gas thereof according to the nitrogen content requirements of the smelting steel grade to optimize the gas supply cost. The jet angle of the air blowing gun 2 is 30-40 degrees from the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is less than or equal to 300ppm, argon is selected as the blowing gas; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is greater than 300ppm, nitrogen is selected as the blowing gas.

[0039] The air blow gun also includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high temperature environment.

[0040] Slag-metal separation baffle 3: It is a retractable baffle made of high temperature resistant refractory material, driven by hydraulic pressure, and used to control the flow path of slag 6 and molten steel. The operating range and position of the baffle are controlled by the automatic control system.

[0041] Weight sensor 7: It is installed at the bottom of the electric arc furnace to monitor the total weight of the furnace in real time to control the amount of steel and slag discharged. The weight sensor 7 has high precision and high temperature resistance to ensure accurate measurement in high temperature smelting environment.

[0042] High temperature camera 1: used to monitor whether slag 6 is brought out during steel tapping, and adjust the baffle to block slag based on this. High temperature camera 1 is monitored through a slag metal image recognition algorithm, which includes denoising and enhancing the image captured by the high temperature camera 1, extracting color, texture and shape features in the image, and classifying the extracted features based on a pre-trained deep learning model to identify the slag and metal components in the image. When the proportion of slag 6 exceeds the preset threshold, the baffle adjustment signal is triggered.

[0043] The electrode 4 is located in the electric arc furnace and is used for smelting.

[0044] Automatic control system: PLC controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components to automate steel tapping, slag tapping and air blowing operations and avoid operational errors.

[0045] The present invention also provides an arc furnace slag gold separation method for large slag smelting, comprising the following steps:

[0046] 1. According to the slag line formed during the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, the reference slag interface height is determined, and the steel outlet 9 and the slag outlet 5 are set accordingly. The reference slag interface height is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line position of multiple smelting cycles and taking the average value.

[0047] 2. When the amount of slag exceeds the height of the slag outlet 5, the slag will flow out automatically. When the slag discharge is about to end, start the slag outlet air blowing gun 2, adjust its flow rate and angle so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag outlet, record the flow rate and angle parameters of the slag outlet air blowing gun 2, and use these parameters directly as the initial parameter settings of the tapping port air blowing gun 2 during the next steel tapping operation.

[0048] 3. When the final composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the requirements for steel tapping, firstly, argon or nitrogen is sprayed through the air blowing gun to push the slag to the side of the slag outlet. During the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun 2 are adjusted according to the smelting requirements.

[0049] 4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is lowered to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag outlet 5, and then the furnace body is tilted to the side of the steel outlet 9 to perform the steel tapping operation. When the high-temperature camera 1 detects that the slag component is too much during steel tapping, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The weight sensor 7 at the bottom of the furnace monitors the weight reduction of the furnace body, calculates the steel tapping amount, and controls the steel tapping.

[0050] 5. After the steel is tapped, the furnace body returns to the normal position. When there is too much slag remaining in the furnace, the furnace body tilts toward the slag outlet 5, and the excess slag is discharged through the slag outlet 5. This process is monitored and regulated by the automatic control system to ensure the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] This embodiment is based on the combination of Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device and the application method thereof of the present invention are described.

[0053] Specific embodiment 1: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting, which mainly includes the following components:

[0054] 1. Steel tapping port 8: Steel tapping port 8 is located at the upper part of one side of the electric arc furnace, and its height is set at a position about 320 mm from the reference slag interface height, to ensure that after the furnace body is dumped, the molten steel can flow out smoothly without entraining too much slag. The height of the steel tapping port ranges from 300 mm to 350 mm, which is adjusted according to the furnace type and steel grade.

[0055] 2. Slag outlet 5: The slag outlet 5 is located on one side of the electric arc furnace, and the height is set at a position 10%-15% of the height of the reference slag interface, that is, between 230 mm and 250 mm. When the slag volume exceeds this height, the slag automatically flows out, thereby avoiding excessive slag affecting the smelting effect.

[0056] 3. Blow gun 2: Blow gun 2 is installed above the steel outlet 8 and is used to spray argon or nitrogen before steel is tapped to push the slag to the side of the slag outlet 5. The other side of the blow gun is installed above the slag outlet 5 to prevent excess slag from overflowing.

[0057] The nozzle angle is adjustable from 30° to 40°, and the initial setting is 40°. The nozzle angle can be further reduced according to the amount of slag in the furnace and the exposure of molten steel. The gas injection flow rate is controlled at 500 to 1000 standard cubic meters per hour, and 700Nm is recommended. 3 / h argon or nitrogen mixed gas.

[0058] 4. Slag-metal separation baffle 3: The slag-metal separation baffle 3 is a retractable hydraulically driven baffle made of high temperature resistant refractory material. The retractable height range of the baffle is 200 mm to 250 mm, usually set at 225 mm to effectively block the slag flowing to the steel outlet. The position and operation of the baffle are adjusted by the automatic control system according to real-time monitoring data.

[0059] 5. Weight sensor 7: The weight sensor 7 is installed at the bottom of the electric arc furnace to monitor the total weight of the furnace in real time. The accuracy of the sensor is controlled at ±0.05%, and it can accurately measure in a high temperature environment of 0℃ to 1500℃, ensuring accurate control of the amount of steel and slag discharged.

[0060] 6. High temperature camera 1: The high temperature camera 1 is set near the steel outlet 8 to monitor the slag content during the steel tapping process. The camera has an imaging speed of 120 frames per second and a resolution of 3840x2160 pixels. The slag composition is analyzed in real time through the slag-metal image recognition algorithm, and the position of the slag-metal separation baffle 3 is adjusted according to the slag proportion.

[0061] 7.Automation control system: The automation control system controls the operation sequence and timing of all components through PLC. The response time of the system is set to 20 milliseconds to ensure fast response and precise adjustment of operating parameters during the smelting process.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the arc furnace slag gold separation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0063] Step S1, determining the reference slag interface height: During the smelting process, the reference slag interface height is determined by continuously monitoring the slag line position of the past 10 smelting cycles and taking the average value thereof. This height is usually between 800 mm and 850 mm and is used to set the positions of the steel tapping port 8 and the slag tapping port 5.

[0064] Step S2, automatic slag flow: when the amount of slag in the furnace exceeds the height of the slag outlet 5 by 800 mm to 850 mm, the slag will automatically flow out of the furnace body to ensure that the amount of slag will not affect the smelting process too much. When the slag tapping is about to end, start the slag outlet air blowing gun, adjust its flow rate and angle so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag outlet; record the flow rate and angle parameters of the slag outlet air blowing gun, and use these parameters directly as the initial parameter settings of the outlet air blowing gun during the next steel tapping operation.

[0065] Step S3, blowing and pushing slag: When the composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the requirements for steel tapping, 700Nm3 of air is blown into the furnace through the air blowing gun 2. 3 / h of argon or nitrogen to push the slag to the side of the slag outlet 5. The nozzle angle is initially set to 30° and adjusted to 35° or 40° when necessary to ensure the best slag pushing effect.

[0066] Step S4, steel tapping and slag-metal separation: After the blowing operation is completed, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the automatic control system will lower the slag-metal separation baffle 3 to the set position of 200 mm to 250 mm to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag outlet 5. Then the furnace body is tilted to the side of the steel tapping port 8, the inclination angle is set to about 20°, and the steel tapping operation begins. The high-temperature camera 1 monitors the proportion of slag in the steel tapping process in real time. If the slag content is too much, the system will further lower the position of the baffle 3 to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The weight sensor 7 at the bottom of the furnace monitors the reduction in the weight of the furnace body, calculates the amount of steel tapped, and adjusts the steel tapping operation.

[0067] Step S5, complete steel and slag discharge: After steel is discharged, the furnace body returns to the normal position. If there is a large amount of slag remaining in the furnace, the system will tilt the furnace body to the side of the slag outlet 5 and discharge the excess slag through the slag outlet. The entire process is monitored by an automatic control system, and the response time is set to 20 milliseconds to ensure the accuracy and safety of the operation.

[0068] By setting the quantitative parameters of the above-mentioned device structure and method operation, the present invention can more efficiently and stably complete the slag-metal separation in the large slag smelting process, reduce molten steel loss, improve smelting efficiency, and enhance operational safety.

Claims

1. An arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting, characterized in that: include: A steel outlet (8), a slag outlet (5), an air blowing gun (2), a slag-metal separation baffle (3), a weight sensor (7), a high-temperature camera (1) and an automatic control system; The steel tapping port (8) is arranged on one side of the furnace body, and its height is 15%-20% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used to perform the steel tapping operation after the furnace body is tilted; wherein the reference slag interface height refers to the average height of the interface between molten steel and slag from the furnace bottom under normal working conditions of the electric arc furnace; The slag outlet (5) is arranged on the other side of the furnace body, and its height is 10%-15% higher than the average height of the reference slag interface, and is used for automatic slag flow; The air blowing gun (2) is respectively arranged at the steel outlet (8) and the slag outlet (5) for blowing argon or nitrogen to prevent the slag from flowing out of the steel outlet (8) or the slag outlet (5); the air blowing angle of the air blowing gun (2) is in the range of 30-40 degrees to the reference slag interface, and the gas flow rate adjustment range is 3000-3500Nm 3 / h; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is less than or equal to 300ppm, argon is selected as the blowing gas; when the nitrogen content at the smelting end point is greater than 300ppm, nitrogen is selected as the blowing gas; The slag-metal separation baffle (3) is a retractable baffle made of high-temperature resistant refractory material and driven by hydraulic pressure, and is used to control the flow path of slag and molten steel. The operating range and position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) are controlled by an automatic control system; The weight sensor (7) is arranged at the bottom of the electric arc furnace and is used to monitor the total weight of the furnace body in real time to control the amount of steel and slag discharged; The high temperature camera (1) is located 5-8 meters away from the steel outlet (8) and is used to monitor whether slag is brought out during steel tapping, so as to adjust the slag-metal separation baffle (3) to block slag; The automatic control system is connected to the air blowing gun (2), the slag-metal separation baffle (3), the weight sensor (7), and the high-temperature camera (1), and controls the operation sequence and timing of the above components through the PLC.

2. The arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air blowing gun (2) also includes a water cooling system to ensure its normal operation and blowing effect in a high temperature environment.

3. The electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The adjustment range of the jet angle of the air blowing gun (2) is as follows: the jet angle is first set to 40 degrees to blow through the slag and expose the surface of the molten steel, and then the angle is lowered to push the slag to the other side; the gas flow of the air blowing gun (2) is gradually increased until the slag is pushed to the other side.

4. The arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control of the flow paths of slag and molten steel is specifically as follows: the total weight of the electric arc furnace is subtracted from the weight of the electric arc furnace without molten steel, and then the amount of steel retained in each furnace is subtracted to obtain the target steel output; when 95% of the target steel output is reached, the air blowing gun (2) at the slag outlet is started to obtain the jet angle and gas flow rate; The parameters of the air blowing gun (2) at the steel outlet are adjusted based on the two parameters of the gas flow rate and the jet angle of the air blowing gun (2) at the slag outlet that have been determined; Slag blocking steel tapping process: tilt the furnace body 0-45 degrees, start the air blowing gun (2) at the steel tapping port, push the slag to the other side, lower the slag-metal separation baffle (3) to block the slag; when the high-temperature camera (1) detects that there is slag within 100mm of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) from the steel tapping port (8), further increase the flow rate of the air blowing gun until the slag is not brought out.

5. The electric arc furnace slag-metal separation device for large slag smelting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high temperature camera (1) is controlled in linkage with the slag-metal separation baffle (3). When the high temperature camera (1) detects that the proportion of slag during steelmaking exceeds 20%, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated. The monitoring function of the high temperature camera (1) is realized by a slag-metal image recognition algorithm. The slag-metal image recognition algorithm comprises the following steps: denoising and enhancing the image captured by the high temperature camera; extracting color features, texture features and shape features in the image; classifying the extracted features based on a pre-trained deep learning model to identify the slag and molten steel components in the image; calculating the proportion of the identified slag in the image; and triggering a baffle adjustment signal when the slag proportion exceeds a preset threshold.

6. A method for separating gold from slag in an electric arc furnace for large slag smelting, applied to the device for separating gold from slag in an electric arc furnace for large slag smelting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1. According to the slag line formed during the smelting process of the electric arc furnace, a reference slag interface height is determined, and the steel outlet (8) and the slag outlet (5) are set accordingly; wherein the reference slag interface height is obtained by continuously monitoring the slag line position of multiple smelting cycles and taking the average value thereof; Step S2. When the amount of slag exceeds the height of the slag outlet (5), the slag automatically flows out. When 80% of the slag is discharged, the air blowing gun at the slag outlet (5) is started, and its flow rate and angle are adjusted so that the slag no longer flows out of the slag outlet (5). The flow rate and angle parameters of the air blowing gun at the slag outlet (5) are recorded, and these parameters are directly used as the initial parameter settings of the air blowing gun at the steel outlet (8) during the next steel tapping operation. Step S3. When the final composition and temperature of the molten steel meet the tapping requirements, firstly, argon or nitrogen is blown through an air blowing gun to push the slag to one side of the slag outlet (5); during the blowing process, the nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements; Step S4. After blowing, when the surface of the molten steel is exposed, the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is lowered to block the slag pushed to the side of the slag outlet (5), and then the furnace body is tilted toward the steel outlet to perform the steel tapping operation; when the high-temperature camera (1) detects that the slag component is too much during steel tapping, the position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is further lowered to ensure that the slag is effectively isolated; the weight sensor (7) at the bottom of the furnace monitors the weight reduction of the furnace body, calculates the steel tapping amount, and controls the steel tapping; Step S5. After the steel is tapped, the furnace body returns to the normal position. When the amount of slag remaining in the furnace exceeds 10% of the original amount of slag, the furnace body tilts toward the slag outlet (5) to discharge the excess slag through the slag outlet (5). This process is monitored and regulated by an automatic control system.

7. The slag-metal separation method for large slag smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nozzle angle and gas type of the air blowing gun are adjusted according to the smelting requirements as follows: the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom is taken as the height, the diameter of the reference slag interface is taken as the diameter, the height-to-diameter ratio range of the electric arc furnace is 1.5-2, and the lowest descending position of the slag-metal separation baffle (3) is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the distance from the reference slag interface to the furnace bottom.

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