A construction method for ecological bank protection for river bank

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of an ecological revetment for riverbank protection, and relates to the technical field of ecological revetment. Construction preparation: survey and clean up the construction site, measure and lay out according to the number of prefabricated blocks and the laying route, then excavate the earth, then level the slope and compact the earth; construct slope protection components: evenly lay prefabricated blocks on the slope, and lay organic soil in the planting grooves on the top of the prefabricated blocks, and then plant green plants on the organic soil; construct wave-breaking components: vertically insert more than two cement piles into the riverbed at the bottom of the slope, and then cast a concrete foundation on the top of the cement piles, and cast a concrete baffle on the concrete foundation. The wave-breaking components can not only break the waves, thereby forming a slow-flow area at the edge of the river channel for fish spawning and use, and reduce the impact on the river bank, but also absorb the fish feces and ferment them as fertilizer for green plants, thereby promoting the growth of green plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological bank protection, and more specifically, to a construction method of ecological bank protection for river bank protection. Background Art

[0002] With the vigorous development of urban construction, river bank protection has become an important infrastructure project for the development of both sides of urban rivers.

[0003] In the prior art, a Chinese utility model patent with the announcement number CN214089699U discloses a new type of river ecological bank protection structure, including a river channel, backfill compacted earth slopes are provided at both ends of the river channel, a stone base layer is provided between the backfill compacted earth slope and the river channel, an ecological bank protection is provided at the upper end of the stone base layer, backfill counterweight earth is provided in the ecological bank protection, and a fish nest cavity integrated with the ecological bank protection is provided above the backfill counterweight earth. The ecological bank protection includes a number of reinforced concrete boxes distributed at equal intervals, and a number of fish nest holes connected to the fish nest cavity are provided at the upper part and the upper end of the reinforced concrete box. It has the characteristics of simple structure, good ecological stability and fast construction progress. However, the above technical scheme still has the following defects: 1. Since the water flow at the edge of the river channel is usually turbulent, it is not conducive to the fish spawning and hanging in the fish nest cavity; 2. Fish gather in the fish nest cavity to produce more fish feces, which will lead to the deterioration of the water quality environment inside the fish nest cavity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a construction method of an ecological bank protection for river bank protection. Through the wave-breaking components set up, waves can be broken, thereby forming a slow-flow area at the edge of the river channel for fish spawning and use, and reducing the impact on the river bank. At the same time, fish feces can also be sucked away and fermented to be used as fertilizer for green plants, thereby promoting the growth of green plants.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Construction preparation: Survey and clean the construction site, measure and lay out according to the number of prefabricated blocks and the laying route, then excavate the earth, level the slope and compact the earth;

[0008] Step 2: Build slope protection components: evenly lay prefabricated blocks on the slope, lay organic soil in the planting grooves on top of the prefabricated blocks, and then plant green plants on the organic soil;

[0009] Step 3: Construct wave-breaking components: vertically insert two or more cement piles into the riverbed at the bottom of the slope, then pour concrete foundations on top of the cement piles, and pour concrete baffles on the concrete foundation. The concrete baffles include a lower support layer and an upper wave-breaking layer.

[0010] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 1, a layer of crushed stone soil is spread on the leveled slope surface and compacted, and the thickness of the crushed stone soil layer is 10 to 20 cm.

[0011] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2, anchor holes are provided at the four corners of the top of the prefabricated building blocks, and anchors are inserted into the anchor holes to achieve fixed connection of adjacent prefabricated building blocks.

[0012] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 2, an annular groove is provided on the side of the prefabricated building block, and an annular rubber cushion layer is provided in the annular groove.

[0013] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step three, when pouring the supporting layer, more than two water pipes for fish to pass through are pre-arranged on the top of the concrete foundation along the length direction, and then concrete is poured so that the water pipes are embedded in the supporting layer, and the water pipes are arranged at an angle with the higher end of the water pipes facing the river bank.

[0014] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water pipe is an S-shaped structure.

[0015] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a prefabricated fish nest body is installed on the side of the supporting layer close to the river bank, a supporting rod for aquatic plants to climb on is vertically arranged on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body, a rubber rod is installed on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body, and a polyethylene fiber ball for attaching fish eggs is tied to the rubber rod.

[0016] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an arc-shaped plate is further provided at the inner bottom of the prefabricated fish nest body, a sewage hole is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped plate, a fermentation tank is further provided at the top of the slope, a filter screen is provided in the fermentation tank, a micro pump body is provided above the filter screen, one end of the sewage pipe is connected to the micro pump body, and the other end of the sewage pipe is connected to the sewage hole, and a fiber layer is also provided above the filter screen to facilitate the attachment of nitrosomonas and / or nitrifying bacteria in the water body.

[0017] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step three, a accommodating cavity for accommodating pebbles is provided in the wave-breaking layer, and through holes connected to the accommodating cavity are provided on both sides of the wave-breaking layer. After the waves on the surface of the river water enter the accommodating cavity through the through holes, they will be buffered by the pebbles to achieve wave breaking.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The invention proposes a construction method for an ecological bank protection for river bank protection. The wave-breaking components can not only break the waves, thereby forming a slow-flow area at the edge of the river channel for fish spawning and use, and reduce the impact on the river bank, but also the micro pump body can suck the fish feces in the prefabricated fish nest body and use it as fertilizer for green plants after fermentation in a fermentation tank, thereby promoting the growth of green plants. The prefabricated fish nest body can provide a place for fish to shade and lay eggs, and the polyethylene fiber balls can provide a hanging point for fish eggs, which helps to improve the survival rate of fish eggs. At the same time, the aquatic plants on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body can be used as fish food for fish to eat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an ecological revetment for river bank protection provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of prefabricated blocks;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a concrete baffle;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated fish nest.

[0025] In the figure:

[0026] 1. Prefabricated blocks; 11. Planting troughs; 12. Anchor holes; 13. Anchor pieces; 14. Annular grooves; 15. Rubber cushions; 2. Cement piles; 3. Concrete foundations; 4. Support layers; 41. Water pipes; 42. Prefabricated fish nests; 43. Support rods; 44. Rubber rods; 45. Polyethylene fiber balls; 46. Curved plates; 461. Drain holes; 47. Drain pipes; 48. Micro pump bodies; 5. Wave-breaking layers; 51. Accommodating chambers; 52. Pebbles; 53. Through holes; 6. Gravel soil layers; 7. Fermentation tanks; 71. Filters; 72. Fiber layers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment provides a construction method for an ecological bank protection for river bank protection, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Step 1, construction preparation: survey and clean the construction site, measure and lay out according to the number of prefabricated blocks 1 and the laying route, then excavate the earth, and then level the slope and compact the earth; in the process of leveling the slope, debris in the soil should be removed;

[0030] Step 2, constructing slope protection components: evenly laying prefabricated blocks 1 on the slope, laying organic soil in the planting grooves 11 on the top of the prefabricated blocks 1, and then planting green plants on the organic soil; wherein the prefabricated blocks 1 are rectangular blocks, and when laying, the top surfaces of the prefabricated blocks 1 should be ensured to be flush to improve the aesthetics, and more than two prefabricated blocks 1 are spliced ​​to form a slope protection structure; the planting grooves 11 are squares, and green plants are planted in each planting groove 11, and the green plants are preferably crops with strong survival ability such as procumbent sedum and tall fescue;

[0031] Step 3, constructing wave-breaking components: vertically insert more than two cement piles 2 into the riverbed at the bottom of the slope, then pour concrete foundation 3 on the top of the cement piles 2, and pour concrete baffles on the concrete foundation 3, the concrete baffles include a lower support layer 4 and an upper wave-breaking layer 5; wherein, the length of the cement piles 2 is 5 to 15 meters, and the distance between adjacent cement piles 2 is 1 to 3 meters. Since the soil layer at the bottom of the river channel is soft and has a weak bearing capacity, the installed cement piles 2 can reinforce and support the concrete foundation 3; the top surface of the concrete foundation 3 is a plane, which is convenient for pouring the support layer 4 and the wave-breaking layer 5. The installed concrete baffles can break the waves in the upper layer of the river to reduce the impact on the river bank and the slope protection structure and improve the service life of the device.

[0032] Specifically, in step 1, a layer of crushed stone soil layer 6 is laid on the surface of the leveled slope and compacted, and the thickness of the crushed stone soil layer 6 is 10 to 20 cm. In this embodiment, the crushed stone soil layer 6 is a granular material formed by physical weathering or artificial crushing of rocks, and its particle sizes vary, usually ranging from a few millimeters to tens of centimeters in diameter (the content of particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm exceeds 50% of the total weight). The soil has the advantages of high bearing capacity, not easy to deform, good stability, good drainage and antifreeze performance, etc. By setting the crushed stone soil layer 6, the situation of local collapse of the slope soil layer caused by the heavy prefabricated building blocks 1 themselves can be avoided.

[0033] Specifically, in step 2, anchor holes 12 are provided at the four corners of the top of the prefabricated building block 1, and the anchors 13 are inserted into the anchor holes 12 to achieve fixed connection of adjacent prefabricated building blocks 1. In this embodiment, the anchor 13 includes a disc and an anchor rod fixed to the bottom of the disc, and the anchor rod and the anchor hole 12 are interference fit. During installation, the anchor rod can be inserted into the anchor hole 12 by knocking the disc, so that adjacent prefabricated building blocks 1 are firmly connected.

[0034] Specifically, in step 2, an annular groove 14 is provided on the side of the prefabricated building block 1, and an annular rubber cushion layer 15 is provided in the annular groove 14. In this embodiment, the rubber cushion layer 15 is an annular structure, and the side of the rubber cushion layer 15 extends out of the annular groove 14, so that when the prefabricated building blocks 1 are laid, the rubber cushion layers 15 on adjacent prefabricated building blocks 1 abut against and press each other, and because the rubber cushion layer 15 has a certain elasticity, when the prefabricated building block 1 is deformed due to thermal expansion and contraction, the rubber cushion layer 15 will deform adaptively, thereby avoiding the situation where adjacent prefabricated building blocks 1 are squeezed against each other and damaged.

[0035] Specifically, in step 3, when pouring the support layer 4, two or more water pipes 41 are pre-arranged on the top of the concrete foundation 3 along the length direction for fish to pass through, and then the concrete is poured so that the water pipes 41 are embedded in the support layer 4, and the water pipes 41 are arranged in an inclined manner, with the higher end of the water pipes 41 facing the river bank. In this embodiment, by setting the water pipes 41, fish can freely go back and forth between the two sides of the support layer 4, and because the water flow in the upper layer of the river is usually more turbulent, and the water flow in the middle and lower layers is relatively gentle, and the lower end of the water pipe 41 is located in the middle and lower layers of the river, the water flow passing through the water pipe 41 is also relatively gentle, which helps to reduce the impact on the river bank and the slope protection structure.

[0036] Specifically, the water pipe 41 is an S-shaped structure. In this embodiment, the S-shaped flow channel can play a role in assisting wave dissipation.

[0037] Specifically, a prefabricated fish nest body 42 is installed on one side of the supporting layer 4 near the river bank, and a support rod 43 for aquatic plants to climb on is vertically arranged on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body 42. A rubber rod 44 is installed on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body 42, and a polyethylene fiber ball 45 for attaching fish eggs is tied on the rubber rod 44. In the present embodiment, the prefabricated fish nest body 42 is a hollow structure, which can provide a place for fish to shade and lay eggs. Aquatic plants are planted on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body 42, and the stems of the aquatic plants can climb on the support rod 43 to reduce lodging, which helps to improve the survival rate, and the aquatic plants can also be used as food for fish. The rubber rod 44 is vertically arranged, and more than two polyethylene fiber balls 45 are evenly arranged on the rubber rod 44, thereby providing more attachment points.

[0038] Specifically, the bottom of the prefabricated fish nest body 42 is also provided with an arc plate 46, a drainage hole 461 is provided in the middle of the arc plate 46, a fermentation tank 7 is also provided at the top of the slope, a filter screen 71 is provided in the fermentation tank 7, a micro pump body 48 is provided above the filter screen 71, one end of a drainage pipe 47 is connected to the micro pump body 48, and the other end of the drainage pipe 47 is connected to the drainage hole 461, and a fiber layer 72 is also provided above the filter screen 71 to facilitate the attachment of nitrosomonas and / or nitrifying bacteria in the water body. In this embodiment, when fish gather in the prefabricated fish nest body 42, more fish feces will be produced. In order to prevent the fermentation of fish feces from polluting the water quality, the provided micro pump body 48 can suck away the fish feces collected on the arc plate 46, thereby providing a good living environment for the fish. The filter 71 can intercept fish feces in the water for fermentation by Nitrosomonas and / or nitrifying bacteria, and the inorganic matter (such as nitrate) obtained by fermentation is a soluble substance, which can overflow onto the prefabricated building block 1 with the water flow and be absorbed by the organic soil, thereby supplementing nutrients for green plants and promoting their growth.

[0039] Specifically, in step 3, a receiving cavity 51 for receiving pebbles 52 is provided in the wave-breaking layer 5, and through holes 53 communicating with the receiving cavity 51 are provided on both sides of the wave-breaking layer 5. After the waves on the surface of the river enter the receiving cavity 51 through the through holes 53, they will be buffered by the pebbles 52 to achieve wave breaking. In this embodiment, the pebbles 52 are used to withstand the scouring force of the waves. When the pebbles 52 are damaged, they can be repaired by simply replacing them. The operation is convenient and the repair cost is low.

[0040] The present invention is described by preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and other embodiments falling within the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for ecological revetment for river bank protection, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Construction preparation: survey and clean up the construction site, measure and lay out according to the number of prefabricated blocks (1) and the laying route, then excavate the earth, level the slope and compact the earth; Step 2: construct slope protection components: evenly lay prefabricated blocks (1) on the slope, lay organic soil in the planting grooves (11) on the top of the prefabricated blocks (1), and then plant green plants on the organic soil; Step 3: constructing a wave-breaking component: vertically insert two or more cement piles (2) into the riverbed at the bottom of the slope, then pour a concrete foundation (3) on the top of the cement piles (2), and pour a concrete baffle on the concrete foundation (3), the concrete baffle comprising a lower support layer (4) and an upper wave-breaking layer (5); when pouring the support layer (4), pre-arrange two or more water pipes (41) for fish to pass through on the top of the concrete foundation (3) along the length direction, and then pour the concrete foundation (3). The concrete allows the water pipe (41) to be embedded in the support layer (4), and the water pipe (41) is arranged in an inclined manner, with the higher end of the water pipe (41) facing the river bank; a prefabricated fish nest body (42) is installed on the side of the support layer (4) close to the river bank, and a support rod (43) for aquatic plants to climb on is vertically arranged on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body (42), and a rubber rod (44) is installed on the top of the prefabricated fish nest body (42), and a polyethylene fiber ball (45) for attaching fish eggs is tied to the rubber rod (44).

2. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, a layer of crushed stone soil layer (6) is spread on the leveled slope surface and compacted, and the thickness of the crushed stone soil layer (6) is 10 to 20 cm.

3. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, anchor holes (12) are provided at the four corners of the top of the prefabricated building block (1), and anchor pieces (13) are inserted into the anchor holes (12) to achieve fixed connection of adjacent prefabricated building blocks (1).

4. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, an annular groove (14) is provided on the side of the prefabricated building block (1), and an annular rubber cushion layer (15) is provided in the annular groove (14).

5. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pipe (41) is an S-shaped structure.

6. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated fish nest body (42) is further provided with an arc-shaped plate (46) at the bottom, a sewage discharge hole (461) is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped plate (46), a fermentation tank (7) is further provided at the top of the slope, a filter screen (71) is provided in the fermentation tank (7), a micro pump body (48) is provided above the filter screen (71), one end of a sewage discharge pipe (47) is connected to the micro pump body (48), and the other end of the sewage discharge pipe (47) is connected to the sewage discharge hole (461), and a fiber layer (72) is further provided above the filter screen (71) to facilitate the attachment of nitrosomonas and / or nitrifying bacteria in the water body.

7. The construction method of an ecological revetment for river bank protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, a receiving cavity (51) for receiving pebbles (52) is provided in the wave-breaking layer (5), and through holes (53) communicating with the receiving cavity (51) are provided on both sides of the wave-breaking layer (5). After the waves on the surface of the river water enter the receiving cavity (51) through the through holes (53), they will be buffered by the pebbles (52) to achieve wave breaking.

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