Hydraulic opening and closing control system and method for sand washing and flood discharging gate of hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic opening and closing control system and method for a sand washing and flood discharging gate of a hydropower station, and relates to the technical field of hydropower station control systems, the hydraulic opening and closing control system comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a PLC control module and a hydraulic control module; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring upstream water level and gate position information of a hydropower station in real time; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the water level and position data acquired by the data acquisition module to the PLC control module by adopting an RS-485 communication protocol; the PLC control module is used for receiving the water level and position data from the data transmission module, executing a built-in control algorithm, analyzing the data, generating a control instruction and controlling on-off operation of the hydraulic control module; the hydraulic control module is used for opening and closing the gate. According to the hydraulic opening and closing control system for the sand washing and flood discharging gate of the hydropower station, data transmission is conducted through the RS-485 communication protocol, the data transmission rate is increased, the anti-interference capacity of the system is enhanced, and the response time is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower station control systems, and in particular to a hydraulic opening and closing control system and method for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the hydropower industry, the requirements for automated management and control of hydropower stations are constantly increasing. In the existing technology, mechanical switches or traditional electrical control methods are often used to control the opening and closing of gates. These methods often require manual intervention in operation, resulting in a long response time and are easily affected by the technical level of the operator, thus affecting the overall work efficiency and safety. In addition, the traditional control method lacks real-time data feedback and cannot monitor the water level and gate status in a timely manner, resulting in a slow response when the equipment fails, which may lead to serious safety hazards.

[0003] During the operation of a hydropower station, the opening and closing control of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate is an important link to ensure water flow regulation and safety. Traditional hydraulic control systems mostly rely on manual operation or simple control algorithms, and cannot respond to water level changes and dynamic adjustment of gate positions in real time. Existing technologies have certain limitations in water level monitoring and data transmission, which often lead to delayed response, low efficiency and insufficient reliability. Most systems lack effective data acquisition and analysis modules, making it impossible for operators to obtain accurate water level and position data in a timely manner at critical moments. In addition, existing hydraulic systems have poor adaptability to changes in the external environment, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy and stability of hydraulic operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is that the existing hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing flood discharge gate of the hydropower station generally has defects such as long response time, insufficient operation accuracy, lack of real-time data feedback, etc., especially in emergency situations, the traditional control system is often unable to adjust the gate state in a timely and accurate manner, which may lead to low flood discharge efficiency and the risk of equipment damage. In addition, the existing technology has limitations in the stability and reliability of data acquisition and transmission, and cannot adapt to complex hydrological changes, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of hydraulic operation.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydraulic opening and closing control method of a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, comprising:

[0007] Data acquisition module, data transmission module, PLC control module and hydraulic control module;

[0008] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the upstream water level and gate position information of the hydropower station in real time;

[0009] The data transmission module is used to transmit the water level and position data acquired by the data acquisition module to the PLC control module using the RS-485 communication protocol;

[0010] The PLC control module is used to receive the water level and position data from the data transmission module, execute the built-in control algorithm, analyze the data and generate control instructions to control the opening and closing operations of the hydraulic control module;

[0011] The hydraulic control module is used to open and close the gate.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control system of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in the present invention, wherein: the data acquisition module includes a water level sensor and a position sensor;

[0013] The water level sensor measures the water level through a buoy structure, and the buoy is connected to the data acquisition module through a cable to transmit an analog voltage signal, which is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter and output;

[0014] The position sensor is a potentiometer, which is installed at the gate position to provide real-time position data. The output signal is processed by the signal conditioning circuit and then input into the data acquisition module.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control system of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of the hydropower station described in the present invention, wherein: the adoption of the RS-485 communication protocol includes connecting the data acquisition module and the PLC control module through a serial communication line, wherein the data acquisition module outputs a digital signal to the RS-485 transceiver;

[0016] The RS-485 transceiver converts the digital signal output by the acquisition module into a data packet in RS-485 format. The data packet format includes a start bit, a data bit, a check bit, and a stop bit.

[0017] Set the baud rate to 9600 for data transmission and transmit it to the PLC control module via a two-wire line.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control system of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in the present invention, the PLC control module includes a data receiving module, a control algorithm execution module and a control instruction sending module;

[0019] The data receiving module is used to receive the water level and position data from the data transmission module and store the data in the memory;

[0020] The control algorithm execution module is used to apply a preset control algorithm to analyze the received data, calculate the required control instructions, and implement the opening and closing operations of the hydraulic control module;

[0021] The control instruction sending module is used to send the generated control instruction to the hydraulic control module through the data transmission module.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control system of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in the present invention, the hydraulic control module includes a hydraulic drive module, a state feedback module and a fluid stability control module;

[0023] The hydraulic drive module is used to adjust the working state of the hydraulic cylinder according to the control instructions sent by the PLC control module to realize the opening or closing operation of the gate;

[0024] The state feedback module is used to monitor the opening and closing state of the gate in real time and feed back the state information to the PLC control module;

[0025] The fluid stability control module is used to adjust the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system during the opening and closing process to maintain the stability of the fluid.

[0026] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic opening and closing control method for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, which solves the problems of insufficient dynamic monitoring of water level and gate position and insufficient application of control algorithms in the prior art, improves the real-time response capability and operating accuracy of the control system, and ensures the safe and efficient operation of the hydropower station under various working conditions.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A hydraulic opening and closing control system for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, comprising: obtaining the upstream water level and gate position information of the hydropower station in real time through a data acquisition module;

[0028] The water level and position data are transmitted to the PLC control module by using the data transmission module, and the data is received and stored;

[0029] Applying the preset control algorithm, the control algorithm execution module analyzes the received data and calculates and generates control instructions;

[0030] The generated control instructions are sent to the hydraulic control module through the control instruction sending module to adjust the opening and closing operations of the gate.

[0031] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in the present invention, wherein: the generating control instruction includes receiving data from a data receiving module, using a fuzzy control algorithm, fuzzifying the water level and position data through a set rule base, and generating a fuzzy control input;

[0032] According to the fuzzy control rules, the corresponding control output value is calculated through the fuzzy reasoning engine, and the specific control instructions are generated through the output value to indicate the opening and closing status of the hydraulic control module.

[0033] As a preferred solution of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in the present invention, wherein: the opening and closing operation of the regulating gate includes receiving a control instruction generated from a control algorithm execution module, and the instruction includes specific valve opening and closing operation information;

[0034] Convert the control command into a signal format suitable for the hydraulic control module, and transmit the signal through the data transmission module using the RS-485 communication protocol;

[0035] After the hydraulic control module receives the signal, it adjusts the working state of the hydraulic drive module according to the received instruction.

[0036] A computer device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station are implemented.

[0037] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station as described above.

[0038] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station provided by the present invention utilizes the RS-485 communication protocol for data transmission, which not only improves the data transmission rate, but also enhances the anti-interference ability of the system, optimizes the response time, enables the system to quickly adjust the operation under dynamic conditions, and improves the overall efficiency. Intelligent decision-making is made based on real-time data, and the control process is optimized. By applying the fuzzy control algorithm, the system can better adapt to complex working condition changes, and improve the accuracy and adaptability of hydraulic control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 An overall flow chart of a hydraulic opening and closing control method for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 An overall structural diagram of a hydraulic opening and closing control system for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Reference Figure 1 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a hydraulic opening and closing control system for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, comprising:

[0046] Data acquisition module 100, data transmission module 200, PLC control module 300 and hydraulic control module 400;

[0047] The data acquisition module 100 is used to obtain the upstream water level and gate position information of the hydropower station in real time;

[0048] The data transmission module 200 is used to transmit the water level and position data acquired by the data acquisition module 100 to the PLC control module 300 using the RS-485 communication protocol;

[0049] The PLC control module 300 is used to receive the water level and position data from the data transmission module 200, execute the built-in control algorithm, analyze the data and generate control instructions to control the opening and closing operations of the hydraulic control module 400;

[0050] The hydraulic control module 400 is used to open and close the gate.

[0051] The data acquisition module 100 includes a water level sensor 101 and a position sensor 102;

[0052] The water level sensor 101 measures the water level through a buoy structure, and the buoy is connected to the data acquisition module 100 through a cable to transmit an analog voltage signal, which is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter and output;

[0053] The position sensor 102 is a potentiometer installed at the gate position to provide real-time position data. The output signal is processed by a signal conditioning circuit and then input into the data acquisition module 100 .

[0054] By using multiple sensors for data collection, the system's real-time monitoring capabilities for water level and gate position information are significantly improved. Compared with the traditional method of relying on a single or low-precision sensor, the present invention uses a buoy structure water level sensor and a potentiometer position sensor, which not only improves the accuracy of the data, but also enhances the reliability of the system. This multi-sensor configuration can effectively reduce control problems caused by sensor failure or error, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the hydropower station.

[0055] The use of the RS-485 communication protocol includes connecting the data acquisition module 100 and the PLC control module 300 via a serial communication line, wherein the data acquisition module outputs a digital signal to the RS-485 transceiver;

[0056] The RS-485 transceiver converts the digital signal output by the acquisition module into a data packet in RS-485 format. The data packet format includes a start bit, a data bit, a check bit, and a stop bit.

[0057] Set the baud rate to 9600 for data transmission and transmit it to the PLC control module via a two-wire line.

[0058] The RS-485 communication protocol is adopted to achieve fast and stable data transmission. In traditional methods, data transmission often relies on simple serial communication, which has data delay and interference problems. The present invention not only improves the data transmission rate through the RS-485 protocol, but also enhances the anti-interference ability, so that the control system can operate stably under complex hydrological conditions. Such improvements directly shorten the response time of the system, reduce the safety hazards caused by untimely data transmission, and thus improve the overall operating efficiency.

[0059] The PLC control module 300 includes a data receiving module 301, a control algorithm execution module 302 and a control instruction sending module 303;

[0060] The data receiving module 301 is used to receive the water level and position data from the data transmission module 200 and store the data in the memory;

[0061] The control algorithm execution module 302 is used to apply a preset control algorithm to analyze the received data, calculate the required control instructions, and implement the opening and closing operations of the hydraulic control module 400;

[0062] The control instruction sending module 303 is used to send the generated control instruction to the hydraulic control module 400 through the data transmission module 200 .

[0063] The introduction of the PLC control module enables the system to perform intelligent analysis and decision-making after receiving real-time data. Traditional methods usually rely on simple control logic, lack the ability to deeply analyze real-time data, and easily cause control lag. The present invention realizes real-time data processing and instruction generation through built-in control algorithms, allowing the hydraulic control module to respond quickly under dynamic conditions. This real-time decision-making capability significantly improves the accuracy of hydraulic opening and closing operations, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the hydropower station under various conditions.

[0064] The hydraulic control module 400 includes a hydraulic drive module 401, a state feedback module 402 and a fluid stability control module 403;

[0065] The hydraulic drive module 401 is used to adjust the working state of the hydraulic cylinder according to the control instruction sent by the PLC control module 300 to realize the opening or closing operation of the gate;

[0066] The state feedback module 402 is used to monitor the opening and closing state of the gate in real time and feed back the state information to the PLC control module 300;

[0067] The fluid stability control module 403 is used to adjust the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system during the opening and closing process to maintain the stability of the fluid.

[0068] The design of the hydraulic control module comprehensively considers the fluid dynamics characteristics, so that it can effectively adjust the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system during the opening and closing process. Traditional hydraulic control systems often have the problem of large fluid fluctuations, which affects the smooth opening and closing of the valve. The present invention ensures the stability of the fluid during the opening and closing of the valve through the setting of the fluid stability control module, reduces the risks caused by fluid fluctuations, and improves the overall reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0069] The fuzzy control algorithm is used in combination with the set rule base to fuzzify the water level and position data, so that the system can adapt to complex working conditions more flexibly. Traditional control methods usually rely on precise input-output relationships and lack the ability to handle uncertainty and ambiguity. The present invention calculates the control output value through the fuzzy inference engine and generates specific control instructions, which greatly enhances the adaptability and accuracy of the control system. This innovative design significantly improves the response efficiency and control stability during the hydraulic opening and closing process.

[0070] In the opening and closing operation of the regulating gate, the adaptation of the control instructions and the conversion of the signal format greatly optimize the operating efficiency of the system. The traditional method may have problems of signal mismatch or conversion delay during the instruction transmission process, which affects the response of the hydraulic system. The present invention converts the control instructions into a signal format adapted to the hydraulic control module and transmits them using the RS-485 communication protocol to ensure the stability and timeliness of the signal. This technological innovation not only improves the real-time control capability of the system, but also effectively reduces potential operational risks, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the hydropower station.

[0071] It should be noted that the control algorithm execution module first processes the received water level and position data. It uses the fuzzy control algorithm to perform fuzzification according to the preset rule base to generate fuzzy control input. For example:

[0072] If the water level is 350 cm (fuzzified as "high water level") and the gate position is 0% (fuzzified as "closed"), the output fuzzy control input is "high water level, closed".

[0073] Through the fuzzy inference engine, based on the fuzzy control input and control rules, the corresponding control output value is calculated, such as "open the valve 50%".

[0074] The generated control command is sent to the hydraulic control module through the control command sending module, and the signal format is converted into a format suitable for the hydraulic control module to ensure accurate transmission of the signal.

[0075] After receiving the signal, the hydraulic control module adjusts the working state of the hydraulic drive module to realize the opening or closing operation of the gate.

[0076] The status feedback module monitors the real-time status of the gate and feeds back the status information to the PLC control module to form a closed-loop control.

[0077] During the gate opening and closing process, the fluid stability control module adjusts the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system to ensure the stability of the fluid and prevent pressure fluctuations from affecting the safe operation of the hydropower station.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Reference Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a hydraulic opening and closing control method for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, comprising:

[0080] The data acquisition module is used to obtain real-time information on the upstream water level and gate position of the hydropower station;

[0081] The water level and position data are transmitted to the PLC control module by using the data transmission module, and the data is received and stored;

[0082] Applying the preset control algorithm, the control algorithm execution module analyzes the received data and calculates and generates control instructions;

[0083] The generated control instructions are sent to the hydraulic control module through the control instruction sending module to adjust the opening and closing operations of the gate.

[0084] The generating control instruction comprises receiving data from a data receiving module, using a fuzzy control algorithm, performing fuzzy processing on water level and position data through a set rule base, and generating a fuzzy control input;

[0085] According to the fuzzy control rules, the corresponding control output value is calculated through the fuzzy reasoning engine, and the specific control instructions are generated through the output value to indicate the opening and closing status of the hydraulic control module.

[0086] The opening and closing operation of the regulating gate includes receiving a control instruction generated from a control algorithm execution module, wherein the instruction includes specific valve opening and closing operation information;

[0087] Convert the control command into a signal format suitable for the hydraulic control module, and transmit the signal through the data transmission module using the RS-485 communication protocol;

[0088] After the hydraulic control module receives the signal, it adjusts the working state of the hydraulic drive module according to the received instruction.

[0089] It should be noted that the water level and gate position data upstream of the hydropower station are obtained in real time through the data acquisition module.

[0090] The water level sensor uses a float structure for measurement. The float floats according to the water level and outputs an analog voltage signal. This signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) ranging from 0 to 500 cm, where 0 represents the lowest water level and 500 cm represents the highest water level.

[0091] The gate position sensor uses a potentiometer and is installed at the gate position. The sensor outputs a voltage signal ranging from 0 to 5V, with 0V indicating fully closed and 5V indicating fully open. After being processed by the signal conditioning circuit, the signal is also converted into a digital signal.

[0092] The data transmission module uses RS-485 communication protocol to transmit water level and position data to the PLC control module. The data format of the transmission includes start bit, data bit, check bit and stop bit to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data during the transmission process.

[0093] The received data is stored in the PLC control module and then fuzzified.

[0094] The membership functions that define water levels and locations include:

[0095] The water level membership functions include low water level: water level <200cm; medium water level: 200cm≤water level <400cm; high water level: water level ≥400cm;

[0096] The gate position membership functions include:

[0097] Closed: position <10%; Partially open: 10% ≤ position <90%; Fully open: position ≥90%;

[0098] For the water level of 350 cm, its membership is calculated as the middle water level, with a membership of 1 (completely belonging to the middle water level), while the memberships of the low water level and the high water level are 0.

[0099] For the gate position 0%, its membership is calculated as closed, with a membership of 1, and partially open and fully open with a membership of 0.

[0100] Set the fuzzy control rules and define the specific rules as follows:

[0101] Rule 1: If the water level is medium and the gate is closed, then "open the valve 50%".

[0102] Rule 2: If the water level is high, then "open valve 100%".

[0103] Rule 3: If the water level is low, "keep the valve closed."

[0104] According to the result of fuzzy processing, rule 1 is applied. Because the current water level is medium and the gate is closed, the control output should be "open the valve 50%".

[0105] Use the fuzzy inference engine to calculate the control output value according to the matching control rules. Here, the water level and gate status are input into the fuzzy inference engine to output the final control result:

[0106] The output is the proportion of valve opening (50%), and this value is used as the basis for the control command.

[0107] According to the calculation results of fuzzy reasoning, a specific control instruction is generated, including instructions for the operation to be performed by the hydraulic control module. For example, the instruction is "open the valve to 50%".

[0108] The control command is converted into the signal format required by the hydraulic control module by the control command sending module. This format must be compatible with the input format of the hydraulic control module to ensure the effectiveness of signal transmission.

[0109] The RS-485 communication protocol is used to send signals to ensure the stability and anti-interference ability of data during transmission.

[0110] After receiving the command, the hydraulic control module adjusts the working state of the hydraulic drive module according to the command and performs the opening or closing operation of the valve.

[0111] The hydraulic drive module starts and the valve will open to 50% according to the control command.

[0112] The status feedback module monitors the valve opening in real time and feeds back the real-time status to the PLC control module to form a closed-loop control to ensure the accuracy and stability of the operation.

[0113] Example 3

[0114] An embodiment of the present invention is different from the first two embodiments in that:

[0115] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program codes.

[0116] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.

[0117] More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0118] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] As an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic opening and closing control method for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station is provided. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0121] The experiments were conducted in a simulated hydropower station environment, including a water tank as a water source, a gate control system, and data acquisition and transmission equipment.

[0122] Set up simulated water level sensor, position sensor, hydraulic control system and PLC control system.

[0123] The traditional method uses the traditional PID control algorithm with analog sensors (through floats and potentiometers) for water level and position monitoring. The sensor data is transmitted to the central control unit through the serial communication module, and the PID control algorithm is executed to open and close the gate. Due to the characteristics of the PID algorithm, the system has a long response time to water level changes, and overshoot or oscillation may occur.

[0124] The technical solution of the method of the present invention uses a variety of sensors to monitor the water level and gate position in real time, and obtains data through the data acquisition module. The RS-485 communication protocol is used to quickly transmit data to the PLC control module, reducing data transmission delays. The fuzzy control algorithm is introduced, and the control algorithm execution module analyzes real-time data and generates control instructions to ensure accurate control of the hydraulic control module. The system is equipped with a state feedback module to monitor the gate state in real time and enhance the reliability of the system.

[0125] Experimental steps:

[0126] Step 1: Under the same water level condition, start the traditional control system and the control system of the present invention respectively, and record the initial water level and gate position.

[0127] Step 2: By setting the water level change, the response time, control accuracy and operation stability of the two systems are monitored simultaneously.

[0128] Step 3: During the entire experiment, the time required for the gate to open and close, the accuracy of the gate opening, and the data on fluid stability are recorded in real time. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0129] Table 1 Comparison of experimental results

[0130]

[0131] The traditional method relies on the PID control algorithm, which has feedback delay and overshoot, resulting in a long response time. In contrast, the present invention uses the RS-485 communication protocol, which has a faster data transmission rate, so that sensor data can be transmitted to the control system more quickly. In addition, the fuzzy control algorithm can make decisions quickly after receiving the data, thus significantly shortening the response time. This improvement directly reduces the risks that may be caused by rapid changes in water levels.

[0132] The control accuracy of the traditional method is limited by the algorithm, and its adjustment process is relatively rough and prone to errors. The fuzzy control algorithm combines more real-time data and state feedback to adjust the opening and closing of the gate more finely. This precise control not only improves the accuracy of the switch, but also enhances the adaptability of the entire system under different working conditions, ensuring safety and reliability.

[0133] The traditional method has insufficient control accuracy, which leads to large fluctuations in the fluid during the gate opening and closing process, which may affect the operational stability of the hydropower station. In contrast, the hydraulic control module design of the present invention fully considers fluid dynamics, can more effectively adjust the flow state of the fluid, and reduce the pressure fluctuations caused by the gate opening and closing.

[0134] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic opening and closing control system for a sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module (100), a data transmission module (200), a PLC control module (300) and a hydraulic control module (400); The data acquisition module (100) is used to obtain the upstream water level and gate position information of the hydropower station in real time; The data transmission module (200) is used to transmit the water level and position data acquired by the data acquisition module (100) to the PLC control module (300) using the RS-485 communication protocol; The PLC control module (300) is used to receive water level and position data from the data transmission module (200), execute a built-in control algorithm, analyze the data and generate control instructions, and control the opening and closing operations of the hydraulic control module (400); The hydraulic control module (400) is used to realize the opening and closing operations of the gate.

2. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (100) comprises a water level sensor (101) and a position sensor (102); The water level sensor (101) measures the water level through a buoy structure, and the buoy is connected to the data acquisition module (100) through a cable to transmit an analog voltage signal, which is converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter and output; The position sensor (102) is a potentiometer installed at the gate position to provide real-time position data. The output signal is processed by a signal conditioning circuit and then input into the data acquisition module (100).

3. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The use of the RS-485 communication protocol includes connecting a data acquisition module (100) and a PLC control module (300) via a serial communication line, wherein the data acquisition module outputs a digital signal to an RS-485 transceiver; The RS-485 transceiver converts the digital signal output by the acquisition module into a data packet in RS-485 format. The data packet format includes a start bit, a data bit, a check bit, and a stop bit. Set the baud rate to 9600 for data transmission and transmit it to the PLC control module via a two-wire line.

4. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The PLC control module (300) comprises a data receiving module (301), a control algorithm execution module (302) and a control instruction sending module (303); The data receiving module (301) is used to receive the water level and position data from the data transmission module (200) and store the data in a memory; The control algorithm execution module (302) is used to apply a preset control algorithm to analyze received data, calculate required control instructions, and implement opening and closing operations on the hydraulic control module (400); The control instruction sending module (303) is used to send the generated control instruction to the hydraulic control module (400) through the data transmission module (200).

5. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic control module (400) comprises a hydraulic drive module (401), a state feedback module (402) and a fluid stability control module (403); The hydraulic drive module (401) is used to adjust the working state of the hydraulic cylinder according to the control instruction sent by the PLC control module (300) to realize the opening or closing operation of the gate; The state feedback module (402) is used to monitor the opening and closing states of the gate in real time, and feed back the state information to the PLC control module (300); The fluid stability control module (403) is used to adjust the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system during the opening and closing process to maintain the stability of the fluid.

6. A method using the hydraulic opening and closing control system of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is used to obtain real-time information on the upstream water level and gate position of the hydropower station; The water level and position data are transmitted to the PLC control module by using the data transmission module, and the data is received and stored; Applying the preset control algorithm, the control algorithm execution module analyzes the received data and calculates and generates control instructions; The generated control instructions are sent to the hydraulic control module through the control instruction sending module to adjust the opening and closing operations of the gate.

7. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that: The generating control instruction comprises receiving data from a data receiving module, using a fuzzy control algorithm, performing fuzzy processing on water level and position data through a set rule base, and generating a fuzzy control input; According to the fuzzy control rules, the corresponding control output value is calculated through the fuzzy reasoning engine, and the specific control instructions are generated through the output value to indicate the opening and closing status of the hydraulic control module.

8. The hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening and closing operation of the regulating gate includes receiving a control instruction generated from a control algorithm execution module, wherein the instruction includes specific valve opening and closing operation information; Convert the control command into a signal format suitable for the hydraulic control module, and transmit the signal through the data transmission module using the RS-485 communication protocol; After the hydraulic control module receives the signal, it adjusts the working state of the hydraulic drive module according to the received instruction.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in any one of claims 6 to 9 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the hydraulic opening and closing control method of the sand flushing and flood discharge gate of a hydropower station described in any one of claims 6 to 9 are implemented.

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