Explosion propagation sequence safety pressure relief structure

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion propagation sequence safety pressure relief structure which is characterized in that a fuse shell is mounted in a fuse seat, and an explosion propagation grain, an explosion suppression plate, a detonator seat and a simulated fuse cabin which are in contact in sequence are arranged in the fuse shell from bottom to top; the detonator is not in contact with the detonating grain; a plurality of pressure relief holes are formed in the side wall of the bottom of the fuse shell in the radial direction in a penetrating mode, the pressure relief holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and a fusible metal plug is installed in each pressure relief hole. A plurality of pressure relief grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the fuse shell in the axial direction, the two ends of each pressure relief groove are open, the pressure relief grooves communicate with the pressure relief holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the pressure relief holes and the pressure relief grooves form a first pressure relief channel. On the premise of not reducing the structural strength of the fuze and not influencing the normal detonating and detonating functions of the detonating sequence, under the condition of accidental thermal stimulation, the gas released by the grain reaction is reasonably released, the pressure can be reliably released, and the situation that the main charge is detonated due to accidental ignition caused by pressure accumulation is avoided; and the overall safety performance of the ammunition structure under the battle guiding matching condition is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of explosive transmission sequence for warheads, relates to safe pressure relief, and specifically relates to a safe pressure relief structure of an explosive transmission sequence. Background Art

[0002] The explosive booster sequence for the warhead is at the beginning of the ammunition firing sequence, and is usually composed of detonators, explosive charge columns, and booster charge columns from top to bottom. The requirements of the explosive booster sequence for the explosive charge column are: sensitive to shock detonation, and enhance and transmit shock waves according to design requirements, and can reliably detonate the main charge under all working conditions.

[0003] In order to reliably detonate the main charge, the sensitivity of the booster used is usually high, which may lead to violent reactions under stimulation conditions and cause catastrophic consequences for the main charge of the warhead. Therefore, in addition to the reliability of the booster, the safety research of the booster sequence itself is equally important.

[0004] At the same time, the occurrence of multiple safety accidents has made the military realize that the safety of ammunition under unexpected stimulation is as important as its power. With the introduction of the concept of insensitive ammunition, NATO AOP-39 "Guidelines for the Evaluation and Development of Insensitive Ammunition" stipulates the "requirements for insensitive ammunition fuzes". As an important part of the fuze, the guidelines also put forward new requirements for the safety of the detonation sequence, that is, the detonation sequence must have enough energy to detonate the warhead charge at the right time, and ensure its own safety at other times, or even if the detonation sequence itself burns, explodes or other unexpected situations occur, it will not detonate the main charge, thereby avoiding catastrophic safety accidents.

[0005] The existing ways to make ammunition insensitive mainly include three aspects: insensitive booster technology, insensitive detonation technology, and insensitive detonation sequence structure design. The research on insensitive boosters fundamentally reduces the sensitive characteristics of the detonation sequence, but considering the power performance requirements of reliable detonation, the degree of improvement in insensitivity is limited; insensitive detonation technology mainly considers impact piece detonators, detonation network technology, etc., which have problems such as immature technology and high cost; insensitive detonation sequence structure design is more flexible, and can be started from flameproof design, buffer pressure relief structure design, protective structure design, etc., to increase the safety performance of the ignition structure under unexpected stimulation from multiple ways. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe pressure relief structure for an explosion transmission sequence, so as to solve the technical problem that the safety of the pressure relief structure for an explosion transmission sequence in the prior art needs to be further improved while ensuring other functions.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above problems:

[0008] A detonation sequence safety pressure relief structure comprises a fuze seat with a closed bottom and an open top, a fuze shell installed in the fuze seat, the fuze shell has a closed bottom and an open top, and an explosive column, an explosion-proof plate, a detonator seat and a simulated fuze cabin are arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the fuze shell.

[0009] A through explosive charge column installation hole is provided in the middle of the explosion-proof plate, and an explosive charge column is installed in the explosive charge column installation hole. The bottom end of the explosive charge column contacts the explosive transfer column, and the top end of the explosive charge column contacts the detonator seat.

[0010] The detonator seat is provided with a through detonator installation hole, in which a detonator is installed, the bottom end of the detonator contacts the explosion-proof plate, and the top end of the detonator contacts the simulated fuze cabin.

[0011] The detonator is not in contact with the explosive charge column.

[0012] A plurality of pressure relief holes are radially provided on the bottom side wall of the fuze shell. The plurality of pressure relief holes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. A fusible metal plug is installed in each pressure relief hole.

[0013] A plurality of pressure relief grooves are provided along the axial direction on the outer side wall of the fuze shell, both ends of the pressure relief grooves are open, the pressure relief grooves are connected with the pressure relief holes in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pressure relief holes and the plurality of pressure relief grooves form a first pressure relief channel.

[0014] The present invention also has the following technical features:

[0015] Preferably, the bottoms of the plurality of pressure relief grooves are connected through a first pressure relief gap formed without contact between the bottom of the fuze shell and the bottom of the fuze seat.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of notches are radially provided on the outer wall of the explosion-proof plate, and the axial ends of the notches are open; a second pressure relief gap is arranged between the inner wall of the fuze shell and the detonator seat; a detachable pressure ring is installed on the top of the fuze seat, and the pressure ring is pressed on the top of the fuze shell, and the pressure ring limits the simulated fuze cabin, and a third gap is arranged between the inner wall of the fuze shell and the simulated fuze cabin, and the top end of the third gap is connected with the outside through the through hole in the middle of the pressure ring; the plurality of notches, the second gap and the third gap are connected in sequence to form a second pressure relief channel.

[0017] Preferably, the melting point of the fusible metal plug is lower than the reaction temperature of the booster charge.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure relief hole is a threaded pressure relief hole, the fusible metal plug is a threaded fusible metal plug, and the pressure relief hole and the fusible metal plug are connected via threads.

[0019] Preferably, the fuze shell and the fuze seat are connected via threads; the simulated fuze cabin and the fuze shell are connected via threads.

[0020] Preferably, the diameter of the detonating charge column is Mmm, M is not less than 5, the height of the detonating charge column is 0.5 to 2 times the diameter; the height of the booster charge column is 0.5 to 2 times the diameter.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0022] (I) The safety pressure relief structure of the present invention forms an effective pressure relief channel through the coordinated design of the explosion-proof plate, the fuze shell and the fuze seat. At the same time, the fusible metal is filled in the form of a detonation sequence, so that the gas released by the reaction of the explosive column can be reasonably released under unexpected thermal stimulation conditions without reducing the strength of the fuze structure and without affecting the normal detonation and detonation function. It can reliably release pressure and avoid accidental ignition due to pressure accumulation to detonate the main charge, effectively improving the overall safety performance of the ammunition structure under the conditions of fuze-war matching.

[0023] (II) The pressure relief hole structure of the present invention is designed with a fusible threaded plug structure. A fusible metal with an appropriate melting point is selected according to the performance of the explosive, and is connected by threads. The connection structure is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, the fusible metal can melt before the explosive decomposes to open the pressure relief channel, ensuring that the structure effectively relieves pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the explosion sequence.

[0024] (III) The present invention aims at the detonation sequence in which the explosive detonator undergoes a decomposition reaction under thermal stimulation due to the restraint of the shell, and the released gas cannot be effectively released, thereby causing a violent response and leading to a dangerous accident. In order to form an effective pressure relief channel without affecting the normal function of the detonation sequence, a reasonable pressure relief channel is designed on the surface of the charge explosion-proof plate or the fuze shell, and fusible metal is filled in the channel.

[0025] (IV) The detonation sequence safety pressure relief structure of the present invention has the basic performance of complete detonation sequence structure function and reliable detonation function under normal conditions, and can also form a pressure relief channel under unexpected thermal stimulation conditions, effectively reduce the internal pressure of the structure, avoid accidental detonation of the main charge, and thus improve the overall safety of weapons and ammunition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the safety pressure relief structure of the explosion transmission sequence in Example 1.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section of the fuze shell.

[0028] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the safety pressure relief structure of the explosion transmission sequence in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the compression ring at the middle BB section when viewed from above.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the CC cross-section structure of the explosion-proof panel.

[0031] The meanings of the various numbers in the figure are: 1-fuze seat, 2-fuze shell, 3-explosive charge column, 4-explosion-proof plate, 5-detonator seat, 6-simulated fuze cabin, 7-explosive charge column mounting hole, 8-explosive charge column, 9-detonator mounting hole, 10-detonator, 11-first pressure relief channel, 12-fusible metal plug, 13-second pressure relief channel, 14-pressure ring.

[0032] 1101 - pressure relief hole, 1102 - pressure relief groove, 1103 - first pressure relief gap.

[0033] 1301 - notch, 1302 - second pressure relief gap, 1303 - third gap.

[0034] The specific contents of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all components and materials in the present invention are components and materials known in the prior art.

[0036] In accordance with the above technical scheme, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent changes made on the basis of the technical scheme of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1:

[0038] This embodiment provides a safety pressure relief structure for an explosion transmission sequence, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a fuze seat 1 with a closed bottom and an open top, a fuze shell 2 is installed in the fuze seat 1, the bottom end of the fuze shell 2 is closed and the top end is open, and the fuze shell 2 is provided with an explosive column 3, an explosion-proof plate 4, a detonator seat 5 and a simulated fuze cabin 6 that are in contact with each other from bottom to top.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a through explosive charge column mounting hole 7 is opened in the middle of the explosion-proof plate 4, and an explosive charge column 8 is installed in the explosive charge column mounting hole 7. The bottom end of the explosive charge column 8 contacts the explosive transfer column 3, and the top end of the explosive charge column 8 contacts the detonator seat 5.

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, a through detonator mounting hole 9 is provided on the detonator seat 5, and a detonator 10 is installed in the detonator mounting hole 9. The bottom end of the detonator 10 contacts the explosion-proof plate 4, and the top end of the detonator 10 contacts the simulated fuze cabin 6.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the detonator 10 is not in contact with the explosive charge column 8 .

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of pressure relief holes 1101 are radially provided on the bottom side wall of the fuze housing 2 . The plurality of pressure relief holes 1101 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction. A fusible metal plug 12 is installed in each pressure relief hole 1101 .

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of pressure relief grooves 1102 are axially provided on the outer wall of the fuze housing 2, both ends of the pressure relief grooves 1102 are open, the pressure relief grooves 1102 are connected with the pressure relief holes 1101 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pressure relief holes 1101 and the plurality of pressure relief grooves 1102 form a first pressure relief channel 11.

[0044] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the bottoms of the plurality of pressure relief grooves 1102 are connected through a first pressure relief gap 1103 formed by the bottom of the fuze shell 2 and the bottom of the fuze seat 1 without contact.

[0045] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the melting point of the fusible metal plug 12 is lower than the reaction temperature of the booster column 3. The fusible metal plug 12 ensures that the fusible metal melts before the booster starts to react, opens the pressure relief channel, and effectively reduces the reaction level. The fusible metal plug 12 selects a suitable type of fusible metal according to the thermal decomposition performance of the booster. Further, the size of the fusible metal plug 12 is M2×6mm. According to the reaction temperature of JH-14C booster of about 190°C, a Bi-Sn alloy fusible material is selected with a melting point of 138°C.

[0046] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the pressure relief hole 1101 is a threaded pressure relief hole, and the fusible metal plug 12 is a threaded fusible metal plug. The pressure relief hole 1101 and the fusible metal plug 12 are connected by threads.

[0047] As a preferred solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the fuze housing 2 and the fuze seat 1 are connected via threads; the simulated fuze cabin 6 and the fuze housing 2 are connected via threads.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fuze seat 1 is a thin-walled rotating body structure made of 2A12 aluminum alloy. The fuze seat 1 is fixed to the end surface of the main charge of the warhead to provide an installation position for the fuze.

[0049] In this embodiment, the fuze shell 2 is a thin-walled rotary structure made of 2A12 aluminum alloy. The inner diameter of the bottom of the fuze shell 2 is consistent with the diameter of the explosive column 2 and is used to load the explosive column 3.

[0050] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof plate 4 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy. The explosion-proof plate 4 prevents the detonator 10 from contacting the explosive charge column 8, thereby preventing the detonator 10 from detonating the explosive charge column 3 and thus the main charge when ignited by accident.

[0051] In this embodiment, the detonator seat 5 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy.

[0052] In this embodiment, the simulated fuze cabin 6 is a cylinder used to simulate the electronic components in the fuze cabin. In order to form an effective pressure relief channel, the diameter of the simulated fuze cabin body can be reduced and the local diameter can be increased to ensure structural stability and achieve the release of decomposition gas at the same time.

[0053] In this embodiment, the simulated fuze cabin 7 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy and is screwed into the fuze housing 2 through threads.

[0054] In this embodiment, the detonating charge column 8 and the booster charge column 3 are both cylindrical structures, and the material and compressed density of the detonating charge column 1 and the booster charge column 2 are the same. The charge column material is JH-14C, and the compressed density is 1.66g / cm 3 .

[0055] In this embodiment, the detonator 10 is a standard detonator.

[0056] In this embodiment, the size of the pressure relief hole 1101 is determined according to the performance and combustion surface area of ​​the explosive column 3. V The area of ​​the booster charge burning S B Determine the pressure relief hole area A V :

[0057]

[0058] in:

[0059] A V is the area of ​​the pressure relief hole, unit: mm 2 ;

[0060] R is the molar gas constant, which is 8.314×10 -5 bar·m 3 / mol·K;

[0061] T B It is the flame temperature of the explosive when it burns, in K;

[0062] ρ is the density of the booster, unit: kg·m-3 ;

[0063] S B Is the area of ​​the explosive burning, unit: mm 2 ;

[0064] M is the average molar mass of the gas molecules during combustion, in kg·mol -1 ;

[0065] C D is the exhaust coefficient, which is taken as 0.82;

[0066] a is the speed of airflow through the pores, in m·s -1 .

[0067] A and B are constants of the relationship between the burning rate of the booster and the temperature;

[0068] T0 is the temperature of the explosive at the initial moment, unit: K.

[0069] Furthermore, for the booster charge JH-14C of this embodiment, the pressure relief hole area A V / Combustion surface area S B The minimum is 0.0091, the size of the drug column is Φ35×16mm, and the minimum area of ​​the pressure relief hole is 33.5mm 2 . Four pressure relief holes are evenly distributed along the circumference, and after a certain margin is reserved, the diameter of a single pressure relief hole is calculated to be Φ2mm.

[0070] The structure of the pressure relief holes 1101 of the present invention is determined based on theoretical calculations of parameters such as the surface area of ​​the charge, which can ensure a reasonable match between the gas released by thermal decomposition and the pressure relief rate. At the same time, the pressure relief holes are designed to be evenly distributed along the circumference. By increasing the number of pressure relief holes to reduce the size of a single pressure relief hole, the problem of significantly reducing the local strength of the fuze shell in order to improve thermal safety can be avoided.

[0071] In this embodiment, there are four notches 1301 .

[0072] Embodiment 2:

[0073] This embodiment provides a safety pressure relief structure for an explosion transmission sequence, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the structure is basically the same as the main structure of Example 1, except that, based on Example 1, this embodiment further adds a second pressure relief channel 13.

[0074] like Figure 3As shown, a plurality of notches 1301 are radially provided on the outer wall of the explosion-proof plate 4, and the axial ends of the notches 1301 are open; a second pressure relief gap 1302 is provided between the inner wall of the fuze shell 2 and the detonator seat 5; a detachable pressure ring 14 is installed on the top of the fuze seat 1, and the pressure ring 14 is pressed on the top of the fuze shell 2, and the pressure ring 14 limits the simulated fuze cabin 6, and a third gap 1303 is provided between the inner wall of the fuze shell 2 and the simulated fuze cabin 6, and the top of the third gap 1303 is connected to the outside through the through hole in the middle of the pressure ring 14; a plurality of notches 1301, the second gap 1302 and the third gap 1303 are connected in sequence to form a second pressure relief channel 13.

[0075] In this embodiment, if the simulated fuze compartment 6 needs to be limited, it can be achieved through the pressure ring 14. The pressure ring 14 is a hollow ring structure with external threads and is connected to the fuze seat 1 through threads.

[0076] This embodiment provides a safety pressure relief structure for the explosion sequence. When the explosion-proof plate 4 is in operation, the detonator 10 is not in contact with the explosive charge column 8, thereby preventing the detonator 10 from detonating the explosive charge column 3 and thus the main charge when ignited by accident.

[0077] Under the condition of unexpected thermal stimulation, the thermal stimulation is transmitted to the explosive column 3, and the explosive column 3 heats up. Before the explosive column 3 decomposes, the fusible metal plug 12 in the pressure relief hole 1101 is melted in advance, so that the pressure relief hole 1101 is opened, and the first pressure relief channel 11 is opened, and the gas released by the heating reaction of the explosive column 3 is reasonably released, and is connected to the outside world by the first pressure relief channel 11 in advance for pressure relief. At the same time, the second pressure relief channel 13 can also release the gas released by the heating reaction of the explosive column 3 in advance, so as to achieve reliable pressure release, avoid accidental ignition due to pressure accumulation, and thus detonate the main charge, and effectively improve the overall safety performance of the ammunition structure under the condition of ignition and war matching.

Claims

1. A safety pressure relief structure for an explosion sequence, comprising a fuze seat (1) with a closed bottom and an open top, characterized in that: A fuze housing (2) is installed in the fuze seat (1), the bottom end of the fuze housing (2) is closed and the top end is open, and the fuze housing (2) is provided with explosive charge columns (3), explosion-proof plates (4), detonator seats (5) and simulated fuze cabins (6) in contact with each other in sequence from the bottom to the top; A through explosive charge column mounting hole (7) is provided in the middle of the explosion-proof plate (4), an explosive charge column (8) is mounted in the explosive charge column mounting hole (7), the bottom end of the explosive charge column (8) contacts the explosive transfer column (3), and the top end of the explosive charge column (8) contacts the detonator seat (5); The detonator seat (5) is provided with a through detonator mounting hole (9), a detonator (10) is installed in the detonator mounting hole (9), the bottom end of the detonator (10) is in contact with the explosion-proof plate (4), and the top end of the detonator (10) is in contact with the simulated fuze cabin (6); The detonator (10) does not contact the explosive charge column (8); A plurality of pressure relief holes (1101) are radially provided on the bottom side wall of the fuze housing (2), the plurality of pressure relief holes (1101) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and a fusible metal plug (12) is installed in each pressure relief hole (1101); A plurality of pressure relief grooves (1102) are provided on the outer side wall of the fuze housing (2) along the axial direction, the two ends of the pressure relief grooves (1102) are open, the pressure relief grooves (1102) are connected to the pressure relief holes (1101) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the pressure relief holes (1101) and the plurality of pressure relief grooves (1102) form a first pressure relief channel (11).

2. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the plurality of pressure relief grooves (1102) are connected via a first pressure relief gap (1103) formed by the bottom of the fuze shell (2) and the bottom of the fuze seat (1) without contact.

3. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the explosion-proof plate (4) is provided with a plurality of notches (1301) along the radial direction, and the axial ends of the notches (1301) are open; a second pressure relief gap (1302) is provided between the inner wall of the fuze shell (2) and the detonator seat (5); a detachable pressure ring (14) is installed on the top of the fuze seat (1), the pressure ring (14) is pressed on the top of the fuze shell (2), and the pressure ring (14) limits the simulated fuze cabin (6); a third gap (1303) is provided between the inner wall of the fuze shell (2) and the simulated fuze cabin (6), and the top end of the third gap (1303) is connected to the outside through a through hole in the middle of the pressure ring (14); the plurality of notches (1301), the second gap (1302) and the third gap (1303) are connected in sequence to form a second pressure relief channel (13).

4. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting point of the fusible metal plug (12) is lower than the reaction temperature of the booster column (3).

5. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief hole (1101) is a threaded pressure relief hole, the fusible metal plug (12) is a threaded fusible metal plug, and the pressure relief hole (1101) and the fusible metal plug (12) are connected via threads.

6. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuze housing (2) and the fuze seat (1) are connected via threads; the simulated fuze cabin (6) and the fuze housing (2) are connected via threads.

7. The explosion sequence safety pressure relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the detonating charge column (8) is Mmm, M is not less than 5, the height of the detonating charge column (8) is 0.5 to 2 times of the diameter; the height of the booster charge column (3) is 0.5 to 2 times of the diameter.

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