Device for quickly marking surveying points and method for surveying using the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping, in particular to a surveying and mapping device for quickly marking surveying points and a surveying and mapping method using the same. The surveying and mapping device comprises two opposite and symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel groups, a center distance measuring marking unit is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel groups, the left and right ends of the center distance measuring marking unit are respectively connected with the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel groups on the corresponding sides, a handheld observation unit is arranged above the rear side of the center distance measuring marking unit, and a solar energy storage unit is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the center distance measuring marking unit. The surveying and mapping device can be used for outdoor manual pushing type distance measuring and mapping of curved roads or roads with obstructions. The operation is simple and fast. When measuring a curved road, the handheld pushing can be continuously carried out after turning at the turning part as required. The cumbersome operation of needing to measure and position at multiple points by using a traditional surveying and mapping instrument or a geographic surveying device when surveying and mapping a curved road surface is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surveying and mapping technology, and in particular to a surveying and mapping device for rapidly marking survey points and a surveying and mapping method using the same. Background Technology

[0002] Outdoor surveying typically involves measuring and mapping geographic information in an outdoor environment. To complete these tasks, surveyors usually need specialized surveying equipment. Among these, surveying instruments are used for professional surveying operations and are commonly used for outdoor distance measurement.

[0003] A search revealed that patent document CN202120209088.3 discloses an outdoor surveying instrument for geographic mapping. Its main structure includes a base plate, support column, geographic surveying device, and protective box. The improvement lies in the addition of ground spikes to enhance ground stability. The instrument is adjusted vertically through a first gear, a second gear, and a rotating rod, and adjusted horizontally through a ring magnetic slider and a semi-circular block structure, thereby enhancing the orientation flexibility of the geographic surveying device.

[0004] Based on practical surveying experience, it has been found that when using the above-mentioned types of outdoor surveying instruments in outdoor environments, they typically have many shortcomings: The aforementioned rangefinder relies on a camera to perform surveying. When used in complex outdoor environments or environments with significant obstructions, its single measurement range is short. In particular, when encountering curved roads or rugged terrain, multiple points need to be marked along the surveying route. Fixed-point operation leads to the need to frequently move the surveying instrument, making surveying difficult.

[0005] When using the aforementioned rangefinder for topographic mapping, it can only map the landform when the outdoor ground is rugged or uneven, and the accuracy of the topographic mapping is relatively poor.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention summarizes and optimizes the problems existing in actual outdoor surveying and mapping work, and proposes a compact tool that can quickly mark survey points in complex outdoor terrain and a surveying and mapping method implemented therein, so as to better solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve one of the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention employs the following technical solution: a surveying device for rapidly marking measurement points, comprising two symmetrically arranged and spaced apart ranging wheel sets, a central ranging mark unit positioned between the two ranging wheel sets, the left and right ends of the central ranging mark unit respectively engaging with the inner ends of the corresponding ranging wheel sets, the two ranging wheel sets operating independently, a handheld observation unit positioned above and behind the central ranging mark unit, the lower end of the handheld observation unit engaging with the outer sides of the left and right ends of the central ranging mark unit, and a solar energy storage unit detachably mounted on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central ranging mark unit, the solar energy storage unit being used to power the central ranging mark unit and the handheld observation unit.

[0008] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the ranging wheel set includes a horizontally arranged drive shaft, and a rubber traveling wheel set is coaxially fixedly installed at the outer end of the drive shaft. End locking nuts are screwed onto the outer sidewalls of the external threads of the drive shaft on both the left and right sides of the rubber traveling wheel set. The two end locking nuts cooperate to clamp and position the rubber traveling wheel set. When in use, the bottom of the outer sidewall of the rubber traveling wheel set abuts against the ground to be measured. A splined steel shaft is integrally formed at the inner end of the drive shaft. The inner end of the splined steel shaft is keyed and connected to the splined groove hole at the corresponding end of the central ranging mark unit.

[0009] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the central ranging marking unit includes a horizontally arranged rectangular frame, with baffle plates installed at the openings on both the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame. Flange sleeves are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the central ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame, respectively. The lower left and right sides of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer walls of the flange sleeves at their corresponding positions. Spline linkage tubes are inserted into the central inner tubes of each flange sleeve, and spline slots are provided in the cavities of each spline linkage tube to connect with the spline steel shaft key. The inner end of the spline linkage tube extends into the interior of the rectangular frame and cooperates with the counting component installed inside it. A coding marking assembly is installed in the center of the interior of the rectangular frame.

[0010] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a strong magnet is fixed at the center of the inner end face of each spline slot hole, and the strong magnet is used to magnetically fix the inner end face of the spline steel shaft.

[0011] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that two baffles are spaced apart within the internal space of the rectangular frame; the two baffles divide the internal space of the rectangular frame into a central cavity in the middle and side cavities on both sides. A measuring and ranging module is installed in each of the side cavities. The outer ends of the two measuring and ranging modules are respectively used to engage with multi-tooth gears coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the spline linkage tube at their corresponding positions. The inner end of the spline linkage tube is inserted into the inner bearing seat at its corresponding position. The inner bearing seat is fixedly installed in the side cavity. The inkjet marking assembly is installed in the central cavity between the two baffles.

[0012] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the measuring and ranging module includes intelligent counting sensors symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the central cavity directly above and below the multi-toothed gear, and each of the intelligent counting sensors is signal-connected to a rangefinder controller fixedly installed in the corresponding central cavity.

[0013] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the solar energy storage unit consists of a photovoltaic module and a battery power supply module that are relatively fixedly installed above the rectangular frame.

[0014] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the handheld observation unit includes a horizontally arranged frame, with side supports detachably fixedly installed at the bottom of both sides of the frame. The bottom of the side supports is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flange sleeve at the corresponding position via a sleeve portion. The solar energy storage unit is bolted and fixedly installed at the top of the horizontal frame. Two parallel diagonal bracing rods are fixedly installed at intervals on the top rear side of the horizontal frame. The tops of the two diagonal bracing rods are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle. A control panel with a display is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the middle of the U-shaped handle. The control panel is used to receive signals output from the rangefinder controller of the central ranging marker unit and display them on the screen.

[0015] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a terrain capture device is installed on one side of the shielding plate seat on both the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame, and the bottom of the working end of each terrain capture device rolls against the current ground.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The surveying device designed in this invention can be used outdoors to achieve manual pushing distance measurement and mapping of curved roads or roads with obstructions; the overall operation is relatively simple and quick. When measuring curves, the hand-held pushing can be continuously pushed and measured after turning as needed at the turning point. When measuring the terrain of curved roads, it can achieve the purpose of continuous measurement; it avoids the cumbersome operation of traditional surveying instruments or geographic surveying instruments that require multi-point stake measurement and positioning when mapping curved roads.

[0017] 2. The use of two relatively spaced distance measuring wheel sets to support the ground in this invention can better ensure the stability of the entire surveying device connected to the ground. At the same time, the synchronous movement of the distance measuring wheel sets on both sides can achieve a rough qualitative judgment of the flatness and lateral tilt of the ground within the current distance measuring width.

[0018] 3. The top-mounted solar energy storage unit used in this invention can effectively generate solar power and power all electrical components of the entire surveying device, effectively ensuring its convenience during long-term outdoor use.

[0019] 4. When conducting outdoor road and terrain surveying using this surveying device, key locations can be quickly marked by spraying the marking component, thus enabling rapid marking of survey points and facilitating later location retrieval.

[0020] 5. The two ranging wheel sets in this invention use relatively independent counting measurements when surveying and mapping. Both sides can achieve independent measurement throughout the entire process. Therefore, independent measurement can be completed when the road surface is tilted or the terrain at the bottom of the two ranging wheel sets is inconsistent, so as to obtain a more accurate qualitative estimate of the current outdoor terrain distance measurement and terrain complexity.

[0021] 6. In addition, terrain capture devices are also equipped on the front and rear sides of this device. As the entire device moves forward, the terrain capture devices can effectively ensure that the terrain capture devices continuously acquire the ground undulation. This effectively ensures that the ground undulation of the specified road section is acquired simultaneously during outdoor road distance measurement, making the entire survey more accurate and convenient. It can be applied to high-precision road condition surveying. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or components are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a top view of the surveying device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the surveying device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the surveying device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a local three-dimensional structure.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top-view structural diagram.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the surveying device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central ranging marker unit and the terrain capture devices on both sides of the present invention in the main view.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial internal cross-sectional structure of the rectangular frame in the side view state of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse stop structure of the present invention relative to the multi-tooth gear in its installation state.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the rubber walking wheel assembly of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram, 1. Center ranging marker unit; 101. Rectangular frame; 102. Baffle plate seat; 103. Flange sleeve; 104. Spline linkage pipe; 105. Baffle plate; 106. Central cavity; 107. Side cavity; 2. Solar energy storage unit; 3. Drive shaft; 4. Rubber walking wheel set; 5. End locking nut; 6. Splined steel shaft; 7. Splined slot hole; 8. Adsorption strong magnet; 9. Multi-tooth gear; 10. Inner bearing seat; 11. Storage bin; 12. Electric nozzle; 13. Feed inlet; 14. Intelligent counting sensor; 15. Rangefinder Controller; 16. Angle steel seat; 1601. Stop pawl; 17. One-way ratchet; 18. Central shaft; 19. Tooth groove; 20. Spring; 21. Horizontal frame; 22. Side support; 23. Sleeve; 24. Diagonal brace; 25. U-shaped handle; 26. Control panel; 27. Free swing arm; 28. Side hinge seat; 29. ​​Counterweight ground contact roller; 30. Floating coupling; 31. Bottom mounting box; 32. Laser rangefinder; 33. Follow-up tension spring; 34. Bottom hinge seat; 35. Digital display level; 36. Vertical rangefinder. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore merely examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific structure of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1-11 As shown in the image.

[0036] Example 1: A surveying device for quickly marking measurement points includes two symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel sets spaced apart from each other. A central distance measuring mark unit 1 is arranged between the two distance measuring wheel sets. The left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit 1 are respectively connected to the inner ends of the corresponding distance measuring wheel sets. The two distance measuring wheel sets operate independently. A handheld observation unit is arranged above and behind the central distance measuring mark unit 1. The lower end of the handheld observation unit is installed on the outer side of the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit 1. A solar energy storage unit 2 is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measuring mark unit 1. The solar energy storage unit 2 is used to power the central distance measuring mark unit 1 and the handheld observation unit.

[0037] When using this surveying device for outdoor road topographic distance measurement, the use of two relatively spaced distance measuring wheel sets effectively ensures the stability of the entire device when pushing it on the ground. In addition, both distance measuring wheel sets can be detached from the central distance measuring mark unit 1 individually, ensuring normal use even when only one distance measuring wheel set is retained. During operation, the surveyor stands and holds the handheld observation unit, continuously pushing the entire device along the distance measuring road surface while moving, thereby completing the distance measurement within the designated road section.

[0038] During the surveying process, when encountering key measuring points, the inkjet marking component of the central distance measuring and marking unit 1 can be quickly used to mark the measuring points on the ground, thus facilitating the later locating of the measuring points.

[0039] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the ranging wheel set includes a horizontally arranged drive shaft 3, and a rubber traveling wheel set 4 is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer end of the drive shaft 3. End locking nuts 5 are screwed onto the outer side wall of the external thread of the drive shaft 3 on both sides of the rubber traveling wheel set 4. The two end locking nuts 5 cooperate to clamp and position the rubber traveling wheel set 4, and each end locking nut 5 is spot welded to the drive shaft 3 and the rubber traveling wheel set 4 to prevent relative rotation. When the rubber traveling wheel set 4 is in use, the bottom of its outer side wall abuts against the road surface to be measured. A splined steel shaft 6 is integrally formed at the inner end of the drive shaft 3, and the inner end of the splined steel shaft 6 is keyed and connected to the spline slot 7 at the corresponding end of the central ranging mark unit 1.

[0040] It should be noted that the entire distance measuring wheel assembly relies on the drive shaft 3 to connect the outer rubber walking wheel assembly 4 and the inner center distance measuring mark unit 1, thereby ensuring that the rubber walking wheel assembly 4 can maintain stable operation under the support of the drive shaft 3 when moving.

[0041] Since the outer end of the drive shaft 3 is fixedly connected to the rubber travel wheel set 4 and the inner end is engaged with the spline slot hole 7, the entire distance measuring wheel set can be quickly inserted and removed as needed. At the same time, it is convenient to quickly disassemble and replace different distance measuring wheel sets when needed, and it is also convenient for quick inspection and maintenance in the later stage.

[0042] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the central ranging marking unit 1 includes a horizontally arranged rectangular frame 101. A shielding plate seat 102 is installed at the openings on both the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame 101. Flange sleeves 103 are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the central ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame 101, respectively. The lower left and right sides of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixedly installed on the middle outer walls of the flange sleeves 103 at their corresponding positions. A spline linkage tube 104 is inserted into the central inner tube of each flange sleeve 103. A spline groove hole 7, which is key-connected to the spline steel shaft 6, is provided in the cavity of each spline linkage tube 104. The inner end of the spline linkage tube 104 extends into the interior of the rectangular frame 101 and cooperates with the counting component installed inside. A coding marking assembly is installed at the center of the interior of the rectangular frame 101.

[0043] It should be noted that: the central ranging marker unit 1 is relatively fixedly connected to the horizontal frame 21 at the lower end of the handheld observation unit. Therefore, when the handheld control horizontal frame 21 is in a horizontal or near-horizontal state, the rectangular frame 101 is in the same state. The rectangular frame 101, as the central positioning structure, can rotate the horizontal axis by the rolling of the rubber wheelset 4 along the ground, ensuring its relative stability. When the horizontal axis rotates, since the horizontal axis is splinedly connected to the spline linkage tube 104, the two rotate synchronously. When the spline linkage tube 104 rotates, the rectangular frame 101 rotates synchronously. Under the fixed action of the handheld observation unit operated by the operator, it remains relatively stationary. The spline linkage tube 104 drives the various multi-tooth gears 9 on it to rotate at the same speed as the rubber walking wheel set 4. As the different teeth of the multi-tooth gears 9 rotate continuously, the counting component can quickly record the number of teeth and tooth grooves 19 that have passed through through the preset existing program. Thus, the number of rotations of the multi-tooth gears 9 is calculated according to the preset parameters of the multi-tooth gears 9. Then, the current distance measurement length is calculated according to the ratio of its outer diameter to the outer diameter and circumference of the rubber walking wheel set 4. It can be used for long-distance outdoor measurement.

[0044] The overall distance measuring structure is relatively simple and convenient, and the rubber walking wheel set 4 can be quickly disassembled and replaced as needed, which facilitates maintenance and repair.

[0045] When the project is pushed to key measurement points, the marking component can be activated to spray the measurement point markings onto the ground, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid marking.

[0046] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a strong magnet 8 is fixed at the center of the inner end face of each spline slot hole 7, and the strong magnet 8 is used to magnetically fix the inner end face of the spline steel shaft 6.

[0047] The spline joint ensures circumferential synchronization, while the strong magnetic adsorption at the end ensures stability during coaxial operation. In addition, quick disassembly can be achieved by pulling it outward with external force.

[0048] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that two baffles 105 are spaced apart within the internal space of the rectangular frame 101; the two baffles 105 divide the internal space of the rectangular frame 101 into a central cavity 106 located in the middle and side cavities 107 located on both sides. A measuring and ranging module is installed in each of the side cavities 107. The outer ends of the two measuring and ranging modules are respectively used to cooperate with the multi-tooth gear 9 coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the spline linkage tube 104 at the corresponding position. The inner end of the spline linkage tube 104 is fitted into the inner bearing seat 10 at its corresponding position. The inner bearing seat 10 is fixedly installed in the side cavity 107. The inkjet marking assembly is installed in the central cavity 106 between the two baffles.

[0049] Two baffles 105 divide the internal space of the rectangular frame 101 into a side cavity 107 and a central cavity 106, effectively ensuring the independence of the three spaces. This ensures the ease of installation of the metering and ranging modules at both ends and the spline linkage tube 104, while also ensuring the ease of replenishing ink inside the inkjet marking component.

[0050] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the marking assembly includes a storage bin 11 installed in the central cavity 106, the storage bin 11 storing marking pigment, the lower part of the storage bin 11 having an inverted conical structure, an electrically controlled remote-controlled nozzle 12 fixedly installed at the bottom of the middle section of the rectangular frame 101, the remote control switch of the electric nozzle 12 being installed on the upper part of the handheld observation unit, the top of the electric nozzle 12 extending into the interior of the inverted conical structure of the storage bin 11, a covered feed inlet 13 being installed on the upper rear side wall of the storage bin 11, and the central axis 18 of the nozzle of the electric nozzle 12 being coplanar with the central axis 18 of the rubber walking wheel sets 4 on both sides.

[0051] It should be noted that when the marking component is working, it relies on the internal storage bin 11 to store the marking pigment. When marking is required, the electric nozzle 12 can be controlled by remote control to quickly spray the pigment downwards, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly marking the current road surface.

[0052] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the measuring and ranging module includes intelligent counting sensors 14 symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the central cavity 106 directly above and below the multi-tooth gear 9, and each intelligent counting sensor 14 is respectively connected to a rangefinder controller 15 fixedly installed in the corresponding central cavity 106.

[0053] It should be noted that each of the intelligent counting sensors 14 is a reflective photoelectric ranging sensor with an adjustable effective reflection distance, designed to be triggered by the outer wall of each gear tooth; the response time of each photoelectric ranging sensor is in the millisecond range (less than 10ms). The rangefinder controller 15 is a conventional rangefinder controller, specifically an EFM32 controller-based controller, utilizing pulse ranging or phase ranging methods, and relying on the intelligent counting sensors 14 to acquire parameter signals; further details are omitted here.

[0054] It should be noted that each multi-toothed gear 9 uses intelligent counting sensors 14 arranged symmetrically from top to bottom to achieve synchronous measurement when measuring its rotational circumference. The two can verify each other, thereby ensuring the relative accuracy of the measurement results and the accuracy of the calibration.

[0055] Specifically, each multi-tooth gear 9 is considered to be a signal capture cycle after each tooth and tooth groove 19 alternates during rotation. Since the circumference of the entire multi-tooth gear 9 can be determined based on the radius, and the ratio of the circumference of the multi-tooth gear 9 to the circumference of the outer circle of the rubber walking wheel set 4 can be determined and the angular velocities of the two are the same, the current walking distance of the rubber walking wheel set 4, i.e. the entire distance measurement, can be obtained by using the rangefinder controller 15 or by simple calculation later.

[0056] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that the solar energy storage unit 2 is composed of a photovoltaic module and a battery power supply module that are relatively fixedly installed above the rectangular frame 101. The internal structure of the solar energy storage unit 2 can be adopted from existing solar energy storage unit 2 products, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Example 2: Compared with Example 1, the difference in this example is: In addition, to ensure the accuracy of forward ranging during the ranging process and to prevent measurement errors caused by reverse rotation, a reverse anti-reverse structure is provided: the reverse anti-reverse structure includes an angle steel seat 16 fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the side cavity 107 facing the front of the multi-tooth gear 9. The vertical section of the angle steel seat 16 is fixed to the inner wall of the side cavity 107, and the horizontal section of the angle steel seat 16 is disposed facing the multi-tooth gear 9, with its end vertically downward forming a stop pawl 1601. A stop pawl 1601 is disposed in the side cavity 107 below the horizontal section of the angle steel seat 16. A one-way pawl 17 is sleeved on the outer wall of the central shaft 18, both ends of the central shaft 18 are fixedly disposed relative to the side cavity 107; the inner end of the one-way pawl 17 extends into the tooth groove 19 corresponding to the multi-tooth gear 9, the top of the middle section of the one-way pawl 17 abuts against the lower part of the stop pawl 1601, and an inclined spring 20 is installed below the stop pawl 1601, the upper end of the spring 20 is grounded to the bottom of the middle section of the one-way pawl 17, and the lower end of the spring 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the vertical section of the angle steel seat 16.

[0058] It should be noted that, considering the possibility that the operator may reverse the rotation of the rubber travel wheel assembly 4 during the measurement process, a reverse anti-reverse structure has been added as a safety feature. When the rubber travel wheel assembly 4 is rotated in reverse, it will cause the spline linkage tube 104 and its multi-tooth gear 9 to have a tendency to rotate in the opposite direction. When the multi-tooth gear 9 rotates in the opposite direction, it will touch the one-way pawl 17 in the opposite direction through the teeth. Due to the blocking of the stop pawl 1601, the multi-tooth gear 9 cannot rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of locking the rubber travel wheel assembly 4.

[0059] In addition, even during normal walking, a certain amount of force is required for the multi-tooth gear 9 to overcome the preset resistance of the spring 20 through the rotation of the gear teeth, thereby achieving the purpose of continuously moving forward to measure distance and reducing the probability of misoperation; when it is necessary to return to zero, the reset button on the controller needs to be pressed to achieve electronic reset.

[0060] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the handheld observation unit includes a horizontally arranged horizontal frame 21, with side supports 22 detachably fixedly installed on the bottom of both sides of the horizontal frame 21. The bottom of the side supports 22 is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the flange sleeve 103 at the corresponding position via a sleeve portion 23. The solar energy storage unit 2 is bolted and fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal frame 21. Two parallel diagonal bracing rods 24 are fixedly installed at intervals on the top rear side of the horizontal frame 21. The tops of the two diagonal bracing rods 24 are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle 25. A control panel 26 with a display is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the middle of the U-shaped handle 25. The control panel 26 is used to receive signals output from the rangefinder controller 15 of the central ranging mark unit 1 and display them on the screen.

[0061] It should be noted that when operating the handheld observation unit, the stability of the entire device can be ensured by relying on the U-shaped handle 25. When the entire device needs to be started, the power is turned on and the start button is pressed. Then, the operator walks and pushes the entire device forward, which will cause the two rubber walking wheel sets 4 to roll forward along the ground. During the rolling process, the feedback signals of each set of intelligent counting sensors 14 will be received through the distance measuring controller 15. Finally, after a simple preset calculation, the distance value is obtained and the measurement distance corresponding to each rubber walking wheel set 4 is displayed on the control panel 26.

[0062] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a terrain capture device is installed on one side of the shielding plate seat 102 on both the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame 101; the bottom of the working end of each terrain capture device rolls against the current ground.

[0063] In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the terrain capture device includes two free swing arms 27 arranged opposite to each other. The inner end of each free swing arm 27 is movably hinged to a side hinge seat 28 fixed to the side wall of the shielding plate seat 102. A counterweight ground contact roller 29 is movably hinged to both sides of the lower end of each free swing arm 27. The centers of the two free swing arms 27 are fixedly connected by a horizontally arranged floating coupling 30. Bottom mounting boxes 31 are fixedly arranged at intervals at the bottom of the rectangular frame 101. The two sides of each bottom mounting box 31 are respectively aligned with the corresponding surfaces of the free swing arms 27 on both sides. Laser range sensors 32 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of each bottom mounting box 31. Each laser range sensor 32 is signal connected to the control panel 26.

[0064] It should be noted that the terrain capture device mainly relies on the downward weight of its lower counterweight ground contact roller 29 to keep the bottom of the counterweight ground contact roller 29 in contact with the ground, thus keeping it supported above the ground. When the road surface is uneven, it can directly reflect the undulations of the road surface in the swing amplitude of the free swing arm 27 by maintaining contact. In addition, when the free swing arm 27 swings, the distance between it and the corresponding laser range sensor 32 will change, so as to indirectly feed back and calculate the angle range between the free swing arm 27 and the bottom mounting box 31, which is basically vertical. By plotting the changes in the angles of multiple points, the undulation of the current road section can be calculated.

[0065] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that two follower springs 33 are provided at intervals on the inner side of the floating coupling 30, the outer end of each follower spring 33 is movably sleeved on the floating coupling 30, and the inner end of each follower spring 33 is movably hinged to the bottom hinge seat 34 fixed at the bottom of the rectangular frame 101.

[0066] Specifically, the various follower springs 33 mainly serve to provide support and prevent the free swing arm 27 from drooping excessively in the free state.

[0067] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a digital display level 35 is fixedly installed at the top center of the front and rear sides of the horizontal frame 21, respectively.

[0068] By connecting the display data of each digital level 35 to the control panel 26, the current value of the digital level 35 can be observed directly on the control panel 26, which makes it easier to control the level frame 21 to be kept within a reasonable range of tilt during operation.

[0069] It should be noted that: since the vertical distance between the working end of the laser rangefinder 32 and the hinge point of the free swing arm 27 is fixed after installation and can be known according to the installation requirements, the tilt angle of the free swing arm 27 changes when it swings. Therefore, the tangent of the angle between the free swing arm 27 and the baffle plate seat 102 can be calculated by judging the distance reading of the laser rangefinder 32, thus obtaining the current... The relative swing angle of the free pendulum 27 can be controlled by observing two digital display levels 35 to maintain the horizontal angle of the horizontal frame 21 during the movement. The real-time tilt angle of the free pendulum 27 can be calculated by existing calculation programs or preset formula functions, thereby reflecting the changes in the current terrain. After collecting multiple sets of data, it is convenient to finally use multiple points to draw curves and obtain the terrain trend undulation curve of the target ground through subsequent conventional calculations.

[0070] In any of the above embodiments, it is preferred that a vertical distance measuring sensor 36 for measuring the distance from the ground is fixedly installed at the bottom center of each of the bottom mounting boxes 31. Each of the vertical distance measuring sensors 36 is powered by a battery inside the bottom mounting box 31, and each of the vertical distance measuring sensors 36 is connected to the control panel 26 via a signal.

[0071] In any of the above schemes, it is preferred that the splined steel shaft 6 of each of the distance measuring wheel sets is connected to the corresponding splined slot 7 on the center distance measuring mark unit 1 on its inner side by a quick-release plug-in joint.

[0072] Example 3: Compared with Example 2, the difference in this example is: The present invention also provides a surveying method using a surveying device, wherein the surveying device is the aforementioned surveying device, and the surveying method specifically includes the following steps: S1: Hold the U-shaped handle 25 of the handheld observation unit and adjust the surveying device into place; press the start switch and start the device. S2: When measuring distance, push the surveying device forward along the road of the terrain to be surveyed. When it reaches the target point, read the current distance by observing the digital display value on the control panel 26. S3: Repeat this process and continue forward to measure distance. When the target measuring point is reached, remotely control the inkjet marking component to work. The inkjet marking component will spray ink onto the ground at the measuring point to complete the rapid measuring point marking. S4: When the undulation measurement switch is activated and the undulation measurement mode is entered, the mapping device continues to move forward; the controller continuously acquires the tilt angle of each point captured by the terrain capture device, and then constructs a road surface undulation curve based on the subsequent processing of multi-point data, and judges whether the road surface undulation meets the requirements based on the curve. S5: During the measurement process, the inclination of both sides of the road surface at the current distance is qualitatively predicted by observing the distance display values ​​corresponding to the two sets of rubber walking wheel sets 4; at the same time, if the prediction result does not meet the requirements, the inclination of the actual road surface in the width direction is measured again.

[0073] In summary, this surveying device can be used outdoors to perform manual, push-type distance measurement on curved or obstructed roads. The overall operation is relatively simple and quick. When measuring curves, the handheld push-type device can maintain continuous measurement after turning as needed, achieving continuous measurement when surveying curved road terrain. It avoids the cumbersome operation of traditional surveying instruments or geographic surveying equipment that requires multiple stake measurements for positioning when surveying curved roads. The use of two relatively spaced distance measuring wheels supporting the ground ensures better stability of the entire surveying device. Simultaneous movement of the two distance measuring wheels allows for a rough qualitative assessment of the flatness and lateral tilt of the ground within the current measurement width. The top-mounted solar energy storage unit 2 effectively generates solar power for all electrical components of the surveying device, ensuring its convenience for long-term outdoor use.

[0074] This surveying device allows for rapid marking of key locations during outdoor road topography surveying using an inkjet marking component, facilitating quick point identification and later location tracking. The two ranging wheel sets operate independently during surveying, enabling separate measurements on both sides throughout the journey. This allows for independent measurements even when the road surface is tilted or the terrain beneath the two ranging wheel sets is inconsistent, resulting in more accurate qualitative estimates of the current outdoor terrain distance and complexity. Furthermore, terrain capture devices are installed at the front and rear of the device. These devices continuously acquire ground undulation data as the device moves forward, ensuring simultaneous acquisition of ground undulation data for a specified road segment during outdoor road distance measurement. This makes the entire surveying process more accurate and convenient, suitable for high-precision road condition surveying.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any alternative improvements or transformations made to the implementation of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0076] Any aspects of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A surveying device for rapidly marking measurement points, characterized in that: It includes two relatively spaced and symmetrically arranged distance measuring wheel sets, with a central distance measuring mark unit between the two distance measuring wheel sets. The left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit are respectively connected to the inner ends of the distance measuring wheel sets on their corresponding sides. A handheld observation unit is provided above and behind the central distance measuring mark unit. The lower end of the handheld observation unit is installed on the outer side of the left and right ends of the central distance measuring mark unit. A solar energy storage unit is detachably installed on the top of the handheld observation unit above the central distance measuring mark unit. The two measuring wheel sets operate independently during operation. Simultaneous movement of the two measuring wheel sets can achieve a rough qualitative judgment of the flatness and lateral tilt of the ground within the current measuring width; The two ranging wheel sets use relatively independent counting measurements when surveying and mapping. Both sides can achieve independent measurement throughout the entire process. When the road surface is inclined or the terrain at the bottom of the two ranging wheel sets is inconsistent, independent measurement can be completed, so as to obtain a more accurate qualitative estimate of the current outdoor terrain distance measurement and terrain complexity. During the measurement process, observe the distance display values ​​corresponding to the two sets of rubber walking wheel sets to make a qualitative prediction of the inclination on both sides of the current road surface; if the result does not meet the requirements, measure the inclination in the actual road width direction again; When measuring curves, the device can be manually pushed and continuously measured after turning as needed at the turning point, and it can also be continuously measured when measuring the terrain of curved roads. It also includes a terrain capture device and a reverse stop structure; the terrain capture device includes two free swing arms, the inner end of each free swing arm is hinged to a side hinge seat fixed on the side wall of the corresponding shield plate seat, and a counterweight ground contact roller is hinged to both sides of the lower end of each free swing arm. The center of the two free swing arms is fixedly connected by a horizontal floating coupling. Bottom mounting boxes are fixed at intervals at the bottom of the rectangular frame. The two sides of each bottom mounting box are respectively aligned with the surface of the free swing arms on both sides. Laser range sensors are symmetrically fixed on the front and rear sides of each bottom mounting box. The central ranging marker unit includes a horizontal rectangular frame. A shielding plate is installed at the openings on both the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame. Flange sleeves are fixed to the outer walls of the central ports at the left and right ends of the rectangular frame. The lower ends of the handheld observation unit are coaxially fixed to the outer walls of the flange sleeves. A spline linkage tube is inserted into the central inner tube of each flange sleeve. Each spline linkage tube has a spline groove that mates with a spline steel shaft key. The inner end of the spline linkage tube extends into the rectangular frame and mates with its internal counting component. A coding marker assembly is installed at the center of the rectangular frame. When the rubber wheels of the reverse ranging wheel set drive the spline linkage tube of the central ranging marker unit and its multi-tooth gear to reverse, the gear teeth contact the one-way ratchet of the reverse stop structure to lock it in the opposite direction. When the road surface is uneven, the terrain capture device reflects the road surface feedback undulation in the swing amplitude of the free swing arm, and calculates the range of the angle between the free swing arm and the bottom mounting box through feedback. In addition, the tilt angle of each point captured by the terrain capture device is continuously acquired, and the road surface undulation curve is constructed by the controller through the processing of multi-point data, so as to determine whether the road surface undulation meets the requirements.

2. The surveying device for rapidly marking measurement points according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ranging wheel assembly includes a horizontally arranged drive shaft. The rubber traveling wheel assembly is coaxially fixedly installed on the outer end of the drive shaft. End locking nuts are screwed onto the outer sidewalls of the drive shaft on both the left and right sides of the rubber traveling wheel assembly. The two end locking nuts cooperate to clamp and position the rubber traveling wheel assembly. When in use, the bottom of the outer sidewall of the rubber traveling wheel assembly abuts against the ground to be measured. A splined steel shaft is integrally formed at the inner end of the drive shaft. The inner end of the splined steel shaft is keyed and connected to the splined groove hole at the corresponding end of the central ranging mark unit.

3. The surveying device for rapidly marking measurement points according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two baffles are spaced apart within the interior space of the rectangular frame; the two baffles divide the interior space of the rectangular frame into a central cavity and side cavities on both sides. A measuring and ranging module is installed in each of the side cavities. The outer ends of the two measuring and ranging modules are respectively used to engage with multi-tooth gears coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the spline linkage tube at their corresponding positions. The inner end of the spline linkage tube is inserted into the inner bearing seat at its corresponding position. The inner bearing seat is fixedly installed in the side cavity. The inkjet marking assembly is installed in the central cavity between the two baffles.

4. The surveying device for rapidly marking measurement points according to claim 3, characterized in that: The handheld observation unit includes a horizontally arranged frame. Side supports are detachably fixed to the bottom of both sides of the frame. The bottom of each side support is coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the flange sleeve at the corresponding position via a sleeve. The solar energy storage unit is bolted to the top of the frame. Two parallel diagonal bracing rods are fixedly installed at intervals on the top rear side of the frame. The tops of the two diagonal bracing rods are fixedly connected by a U-shaped handle. A control panel with a display is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the middle of the U-shaped handle. The control panel is used to receive signals output from the rangefinder controller of the central ranging marker unit and display them on the screen.

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