Multifunctional contact collision test device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional contact collision test device, and belongs to the technical field of collision tests. The multifunctional contact collision test device comprises a structural outer frame, an electric control lifting device and a multi-purpose release device are arranged in the structural outer frame, the electric control lifting device is connected with the multi-purpose release device, a collision assembly is arranged under the multi-purpose release device, and the multi-purpose release device is connected with the collision assembly. And a non-contact vision measurement device is arranged outside the structure outer frame. The problems that an existing collision test device is built only for a single background, the application range is small, and the multifunctional measurement requirement cannot be met are solved. According to the invention, the clamping rods are controlled to stretch out and draw back, so that lossless clamping and initial-speed-free free release of active collision test pieces made of multiple materials and in multiple shapes are realized; through flexible cooperation of the three-dimensional lifting rod, the X-axis horizontal moving platform and the Y-axis horizontal moving platform, wide-initial-speed multi-part two-object contact collision test research can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of collision tests, in particular to a multifunctional contact collision test device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the field of contact collision modeling has developed rapidly. Compared with the theoretical aspects, there are fewer studies in the experimental field. Most of the existing test devices are built for a single background, with a small scope of application and without considering the multi-functional measurement needs. The present invention intends to disclose a multi-functional contact collision test device, which can realize the research of multi-state (point / line collision, normal / oblique collision, coaxial / non-coaxial) collision process between objects of various materials and shapes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional contact collision test device, which can realize non-destructive clamping and free release without initial velocity of active collision specimens of multiple materials and shapes by controlling the extension and retraction of the clamping rod. Through the flexible cooperation of the three-dimensional lifting rod and the X-axis and Y-axis horizontal moving platforms, it can realize the contact collision of two objects in multiple positions with a wide initial velocity, realize the research of point / line collision, normal / oblique collision and coaxial / non-coaxial collision process, and solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A multifunctional contact collision test device comprises a structural outer frame, wherein an electric-controlled lifting device and a multi-purpose releasing device are respectively arranged inside the structural outer frame, the electric-controlled lifting device is connected with the multi-purpose releasing device, a collision component is arranged directly below the multi-purpose releasing device, and a non-contact visual measuring device is arranged outside the structural outer frame.

[0006] Preferably, the structural outer frame includes a high-strength aluminum alloy frame, a transparent acrylic plate and a steel plate fixing base. The high-strength aluminum alloy frame is covered with a transparent acrylic plate on all sides, and a steel plate fixing base is provided at the bottom of the high-strength aluminum alloy frame. The steel plate fixing base is fixed to the ground by expansion screws, and the steel plate fixing base is connected to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame by rivets.

[0007] Preferably, the electric-controlled lifting device includes a main electrical box, a control panel and a three-dimensional lifting rod. The main electrical box is installed on one side of the interior of the high-strength aluminum alloy frame. A control panel is provided on the outside of the main electrical box. The three-dimensional lifting rod is located inside the high-strength aluminum alloy frame, and its bottom is connected to a steel plate fixed base. Both sides of the three-dimensional lifting rod are fixed to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-purpose releasing device comprises an X-axis moving platform, a Y-axis moving platform and a specimen clamping device, the X-axis moving platform and the Y-axis moving platform are connected by nuts, and the X-axis moving platform and the Y-axis moving platform are connected to the three-dimensional lifting rod by a sliding member.

[0009] Preferably, the collision assembly includes an active collision specimen, a passive collision specimen, a force sensor and a variable angle support, the active collision specimen is clamped on a specimen clamping device, the variable angle support is installed on a steel plate fixed base, the upper part of the variable angle support is threadedly connected to the force sensor, the upper part of the force sensor is threadedly connected to the passive collision specimen, and the passive collision specimen is located directly below the active collision specimen.

[0010] Preferably, the non-contact visual measurement device includes a high-speed camera and a synchronous trigger device. There are two high-speed cameras and they are placed on the ground through a tripod. The angle between the optical axes of the two high-speed cameras should be between 20° and 50° and they should be in the same plane as the passive collision specimen. The high-speed camera is connected to the synchronous trigger device by signal.

[0011] Preferably, the active collision specimen is a spherical / cylindrical specimen, and the passive collision specimen is a flat plate / cylindrical specimen / smooth curved surface / complex curved surface.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The present invention realizes non-destructive clamping and free release without initial velocity of active collision specimens of multiple materials and shapes by controlling the extension and retraction of the clamp rod; the flexible coordination of the three-dimensional lifting rod with the X-axis and Y-axis horizontal moving platforms can realize the contact collision test research of two objects in multiple positions with a wide initial velocity; the variable angle base design can flexibly adjust the tilting direction and angle, which is convenient for conducting the research on the energy loss mechanism of point / line, normal / oblique, coaxial / non-coaxial collision processes; the non-contact visual measurement device adopts high-precision visual measurement technology to obtain full-field deformation data, avoiding the influence of traditional contact measuring instruments on the test results.

[0014] 2. The types of active collision specimens and passive collision specimens in the present invention can enable the device to perform multiple types of collision tests. The types of active collision specimens include spherical and cylindrical specimens, and the types of passive collision specimens include flat plates, cylindrical specimens, smooth surfaces and complex surfaces. When the active collision specimen is a spherical or cylindrical specimen, it can simulate point / line contact collision tests respectively; when the active collision specimen is a spherical specimen and the passive collision specimen is a flat plate, the device can realize positive / oblique collision tests by adopting different variable angle supports; when the active collision specimen and the passive collision specimen are both cylindrical, the coaxial / non-coaxial collision test can be realized by adjusting the position of the variable angle base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a partial structural axonometric diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 The variable angle support state of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 4 The variable angle support state of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 5 The variable angle support state of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0020] Figure 6 The variable angle support state of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0021] Figure 7 It is the state diagram of the point contact test of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is the state diagram of the line contact experiment of the present invention;

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a state diagram of a head-on collision test of the present invention;

[0024] Fig.10 It is the oblique collision test state diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.11 It is a state diagram of the coaxial collision test of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.12 This is a state diagram of the non-coaxial collision test of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Structural frame; 101. High-strength aluminum alloy frame; 102. Transparent acrylic plate; 103. Steel plate fixing base; 104. Device door; 2. Electric-controlled lifting device; 201. Main electrical box; 202. Control panel; 203. Three-dimensional lifting rod; 3. Multi-purpose release device; 301. X-axis moving platform; 302. Y-axis moving platform; 303. Specimen clamping device; 4. Collision assembly; 401. Active collision specimen; 402. Passive collision specimen; 403. Force sensor; 404. Variable angle support; 5. Non-contact visual measurement device; 501. Tripod; 502. High-speed camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to solve the problem that the existing collision test device is only built for a single background, has a small scope of application, and cannot meet the multi-functional measurement needs, please refer to Figure 1-12 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0030] A multifunctional contact collision test device comprises a structural outer frame 1, wherein an electric-controlled lifting device 2 and a multi-purpose releasing device 3 are respectively arranged inside the structural outer frame 1, the electric-controlled lifting device 2 is connected to the multi-purpose releasing device 3, a collision component 4 is arranged directly below the multi-purpose releasing device 3, and a non-contact visual measuring device 5 is arranged outside the structural outer frame 1.

[0031] The structural outer frame 1 includes a high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101, a transparent acrylic plate 102, a steel plate fixing base 103 and a device door 104. The high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101 is covered with a transparent acrylic plate 102 on all sides to protect the internal collision test, prevent the active collision specimen 401 from accidentally popping out, and ensure the safety of the test personnel and surrounding measurement equipment; a steel plate fixing base 103 is provided at the bottom of the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101, and the steel plate fixing base 103 is fixed to the ground by expansion screws. The steel plate fixing base 103 is connected to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101 by rivets. The steel plate fixing base 103 is used to install the passive collision specimen 402 and provide it with the stable support required for the collision test.

[0032] The electric-controlled lifting device 2 includes a main electrical box 201, a control panel 202 and a three-dimensional lifting rod 203. The main electrical box 201 is installed on one side of the interior of the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101 and contains power switches for various devices of the device. The control panel 202 is arranged on the outside of the main electrical box 201. The three-dimensional lifting rod 203 is also located inside the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101. The bottom of the three-dimensional lifting rod 203 is connected to the steel plate fixed base 103 through a nut, and both sides of the three-dimensional lifting rod 203 are fixed to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101. The main electrical box 201 is connected to the driving motor controlling the X-axis moving platform 301 and the Y-axis moving platform 302, as well as the driving motor of the specimen clamping device 303. By operating and controlling the motor on the control panel 202, the X-axis moving platform 301 and the Y-axis moving platform 302 are relatively displaced.

[0033] The multi-purpose release device 3 includes an X-axis moving platform 301, a Y-axis moving platform 302 and a specimen clamping device 303. The X-axis moving platform 301 and the Y-axis moving platform 302 are connected to the three-dimensional lifting rod 203 through a sliding member. The X-axis moving platform 301 and the Y-axis moving platform 302 are connected through a nut and driven by a motor. Through the flexible cooperation of the three-dimensional lifting rod 203 with the X-axis moving platform 301 and the Y-axis moving platform 302, a contact collision test study of active collision specimens 401 and passive collision specimens 402 with a wide initial velocity and multiple positions can be realized, and collisions with different positions of the passive collision specimen 402 can be realized; the specimen clamping device 303 realizes the clamping of active collision specimens 401 of multiple materials and shapes and free release without initial velocity by controlling the extension and retraction of the clamping rod; the end of the electric control clamping rod is made of rubber material to reduce the deformation of the active collision specimen 401 during clamping.

[0034] The collision assembly 4 includes an active collision specimen 401, a passive collision specimen 402, a force sensor 403 and a variable angle support 404. The active collision specimen 401 is clamped on the specimen clamping device 303, and the variable angle support 404 is installed on the steel plate fixed base 103. The upper part of the variable angle support 404 is threadedly connected to the force sensor 403, and the upper part of the force sensor 403 is threadedly connected to the passive collision specimen 402. The force sensor 403 is used to capture collision force change data. The passive collision specimen 402 is located directly below the active collision specimen 401. The variable angle support 404 can be disassembled and replaced with support blocks of different angles and the tilt position can be flexibly adjusted, which is convenient for conducting research on energy loss mechanisms in point / line, normal / oblique, coaxial / non-coaxial collision processes and realizing multi-angle impact tests.

[0035] The non-contact visual measurement device 5 includes a tripod 501, a high-speed camera 502, an illumination light source and a synchronous trigger device. The tripod 501 is arranged outside the high-strength aluminum alloy frame 101 to prevent accidental collision when the active collision specimen 401 rebounds and affects the test results. There are two high-speed cameras 502 and they are placed on the ground through the tripod 501. The optical axis angle of the two high-speed cameras 502 should be between 20° and 50°, and they are in the same plane as the passive collision specimen 402, and are used to measure the deformation data of the active collision specimen 401 and the passive collision specimen 402 during the entire collision process. The high-speed camera 502 is connected to the synchronous trigger device signal, and the synchronous trigger device is used to generate a control signal for image acquisition to trigger the two high-speed cameras 502 to synchronously take photos. The illumination light source is a white light or a monochrome high-brightness DC light source device.

[0036] The types of active collision test pieces 401 and passive collision test pieces 402 can enable the device to perform multiple types of collision tests. The types of active collision test pieces 401 include spherical and cylindrical test pieces, and the types of passive collision test pieces 402 include flat plates, cylindrical test pieces, smooth curved surfaces, and complex curved surfaces.

[0037] Specifically, when the active collision specimen 401 is a spherical specimen and the passive collision specimen 402 is a flat plate, a point contact collision test can be simulated; when the active collision specimen 401 is a cylindrical specimen and the passive collision specimen 402 is a flat plate, a line contact collision test can be simulated.

[0038] When the active collision test piece 401 is a spherical test piece and the passive collision test piece 402 is a flat plate, the surface of the passive collision test piece 402 is horizontal or inclined by changing the angle of the variable angle support 404, so that a direct / oblique collision test can be implemented.

[0039] When both the active collision test piece 401 and the passive collision test piece 402 are cylinders and the variable angle support 404 is adjusted in position, a coaxial / non-coaxial collision test is implemented.

[0040] After the collision test begins, a remote control signal device is used to control the electric control clamp rod to retract, so that the active collision specimen 401 is freely released without initial velocity and vertically hits the passive collision specimen 402 downward. The collision force change data is captured by the force sensor 403, and the high-speed camera 502 obtains the full-field deformation data.

[0041] Working principle: The active collision specimen 401 is clamped and fixed by the specimen clamping device 303, and the relative position and height of the active collision specimen 401 are adjusted by the relative movement of the X-axis moving platform 301, the Y-axis moving platform 302 and the three-dimensional lifting rod 203. The passive collision specimen 402 is installed on the variable angle support 404 and ensured to be directly below the active collision specimen 401. The specimen clamping device 303 is controlled by the control panel 202 to release the active collision specimen 401 so that it collides with the passive collision specimen 402. The collision process is recorded by the high-speed camera 502, and the collision force change data is captured by the force sensor 403.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0043] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional contact collision test device, comprising a structural frame (1), characterized in that: An electric-controlled lifting device (2) and a multi-purpose releasing device (3) are respectively arranged inside the structural outer frame (1); the electric-controlled lifting device (2) is connected to the multi-purpose releasing device (3); a collision assembly (4) is arranged directly below the multi-purpose releasing device (3); and a non-contact visual measuring device (5) is arranged outside the structural outer frame (1).

2. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural outer frame (1) comprises a high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101), a transparent acrylic plate (102) and a steel plate fixing base (103); the high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101) is covered with the transparent acrylic plate (102) on all sides; the bottom of the high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101) is provided with a steel plate fixing base (103); the steel plate fixing base (103) is fixed to the ground by expansion screws; and the steel plate fixing base (103) is connected to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101) by rivets.

3. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric-controlled lifting device (2) comprises a main electric box (201), a control panel (202) and a three-dimensional lifting rod (203); the main electric box (201) is installed on one side of the interior of a high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101); the control panel (202) is provided on the outside of the main electric box (201); the three-dimensional lifting rod (203) is located inside the high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101); the bottom of the three-dimensional lifting rod (203) is connected to a steel plate fixed base (103); and both sides of the three-dimensional lifting rod (203) are fixed to the high-strength aluminum alloy frame (101).

4. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-purpose releasing device (3) comprises an X-axis moving platform (301), a Y-axis moving platform (302) and a specimen clamping device (303); the X-axis moving platform (301) and the Y-axis moving platform (302) are connected via a nut; the X-axis moving platform (301) and the Y-axis moving platform (302) are connected to a three-dimensional lifting rod (203) via a sliding member.

5. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The collision assembly (4) comprises an active collision specimen (401), a passive collision specimen (402), a force sensor (403) and a variable angle support (404); the active collision specimen (401) is clamped on a specimen clamping device (303); the variable angle support (404) is mounted on a steel plate fixed base (103); the upper portion of the variable angle support (404) is threadedly connected to the force sensor (403); the upper portion of the force sensor (403) is threadedly connected to the passive collision specimen (402); and the passive collision specimen (402) is located directly below the active collision specimen (401).

6. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The non-contact visual measurement device (5) comprises a high-speed camera (502) and a synchronous trigger device. Two high-speed cameras (502) are provided and placed on the ground via a tripod (501). The optical axis angle of the two high-speed cameras (502) should be between 20° and 50° and should be in the same plane as the passive collision specimen (402). The high-speed camera (502) is connected to the synchronous trigger device by signal.

7. A multifunctional contact collision test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The active collision test piece (401) is a spherical / cylindrical test piece, and the passive collision test piece (402) is a flat plate / cylindrical test piece / smooth curved surface / complex curved surface.

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