Water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device and method, and belongs to the technical field of grouting simulation test equipment, the water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device comprises a test cavity formed by sequentially splicing multiple sections of cavity units end to end, a butt joint assembly connected with the cavity units, a liquid channel arranged on the outer side of the test cavity, and a sensor channel; the cavity unit is cylindrical and is hollow inside, and two ends of the cavity unit in the length direction are communicated; by means of the water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device and method, the real geological environment can be simulated, the positions of gravel and grit are fixed through concrete, and different cavity units can be arranged in a segmented mode according to the real situation; gravel, grit or other geological components are arranged in each cavity unit according to real geological conditions, and the composition of various geological components can also be arranged in each cavity unit. And finally, a plurality of cavity units are assembled from near to far according to the drilling direction to form a test cavity, and parameters obtained by the test can provide reference for actual geological engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grouting simulation test equipment, and more specifically relates to a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] The simulation test of grouting in loose geological conditions rich in water is a geological engineering test mainly used to study and simulate the effects and impacts of grouting operations in loose geological environments rich in groundwater. In this test, a simulated loose geological environment rich in water is first established, which is usually achieved by making a small geological model in the laboratory. This model simulates the actual groundwater flow conditions, including the speed and direction of the water flow. Then, the test personnel will inject different types of grouting materials into the model, such as cement slurry, chemical slurry, etc. During the grouting process, the grouting pressure, speed and other parameters will be changed to simulate the actual grouting operation conditions.

[0003] By observing and recording the diffusion of grouting materials in the model and the change in the strength of the model strata after grouting, the effect and impact of grouting operations in a water-rich loose geological environment can be studied.

[0004] The results of this test can provide a reference for actual geological engineering, helping engineers optimize the grouting process and improve the grouting effect.

[0005] The invention patent with publication number CN115288738A discloses a decompression cutoff grouting simulation test system and method for water seepage fissures under high osmotic pressure. The grouting chamber is filled with gravel. However, in the real environment, these gravels are usually fixed on the rock wall and are not in a free state. During the grouting simulation test, the gravel will move and interfere with the drilling. In addition, the geological conditions in the real environment are complex, and there may be a variety of different components such as gravel and gravel. The grouting simulation test system provided by the patent cannot simulate different geological components. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, which is used to provide a test cavity that can be spliced ​​in sections in the length direction, and the interior of the test cavity can simulate the real water-rich loose geological environment; including a test cavity formed by splicing multiple cavity units end to end in sequence, a docking assembly connecting the cavity units, a liquid channel and a sensor channel arranged outside the test cavity; The cavity unit is cylindrical, hollow inside and connected at both ends in the length direction; the test cavity is a columnar component formed by splicing multiple cavity units along the length direction through a docking assembly; the docking assembly can tightly dock two adjacent cavity units, the liquid channel is used to inject liquid into the test cavity to perform a water pressure test, and the sensor channel is used to connect the sensor arranged inside the test cavity and allow the signal line to pass through the side wall of the test cavity; The cavity units can respectively establish different simulated geological environments and then be sequentially spliced ​​into a test cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the cavity unit is a hollow cylinder with two ends connected; the docking assembly includes a flange and a first fastener connecting the flange, the flange is fixed at both ends of the cavity unit, and the flange of the cavity unit can be tightly docked with the flange of the adjacent cavity unit through the first fastener; The liquid channel and the sensor channel are arranged on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity unit, and the liquid channel and the sensor channel can penetrate the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid channel comprises a liquid inner connecting plate arranged inside the cavity unit, a liquid outer connecting plate arranged outside the cavity unit, a second fastener connecting the liquid inner connecting plate and the liquid outer connecting plate, and a liquid pipeline arranged on the liquid inner connecting plate; The second fastener comprises an external thread column arranged on the liquid inner connecting plate and a first nut matched with the external thread column, the external thread column sequentially passes through the side wall of the cavity unit and the liquid outer connecting plate, and screwing the first nut into the external thread column enables the liquid inner connecting plate and the liquid outer connecting plate to clamp the cavity unit from both inside and outside of the cavity unit; The liquid pipeline passes through the side wall of the cavity unit and the liquid external connection plate, and the liquid pipeline includes a proximal end arranged on the outside of the cavity unit and a distal end arranged on the inside of the cavity unit, and the proximal end and the distal end of the liquid pipeline are connected; after the liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit is docked with the proximal end of the liquid pipeline, liquid can be injected into the cavity unit, or the liquid in the cavity unit can be output to the outside of the cavity unit through the liquid pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the inner diameter of the proximal end of the liquid pipeline is smaller than the inner diameter of the distal end, and the liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit can reduce the liquid pressure when injecting liquid into the cavity unit at the initial stage, thereby preventing the internal structure of the test cavity from being damaged due to the rapid flow rate of the injected liquid at the initial stage.

[0010] Preferably, a baffle is provided inside the liquid pipeline, the baffle is disc-shaped, and a plurality of through holes penetrating the baffle are provided in the radial direction of the baffle; The liquid injected into the cavity unit by the liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit is input into the cavity unit through the through hole on the baffle plate, and the baffle plate plays a role in reducing the flow rate of the liquid.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor channel comprises a sensor inner connecting plate arranged inside the cavity unit, a sensor outer connecting plate arranged outside the cavity unit, a third fastener connecting the sensor inner connecting plate and the sensor outer connecting plate, and a sensor pipe arranged on the sensor inner connecting plate; The third fastener includes an external thread column arranged on the inner connecting plate of the sensor and a first nut matched with the external thread column, the external thread column sequentially passes through the side wall of the cavity unit and the outer connecting plate of the sensor, and screwing the first nut into the external thread column enables the inner connecting plate of the sensor and the outer connecting plate of the sensor to clamp the cavity unit from both inside and outside of the cavity unit; The sensor pipe passes through the side wall of the cavity unit and the sensor outer connecting plate, the sensor pipe includes a proximal end arranged outside the cavity unit and a distal end arranged inside the cavity unit, and the proximal end and the distal end of the sensor pipe are connected; The proximal end of the sensor pipe is provided with an end cap and a closing assembly for closing the end cap. The signal line of the sensor arranged inside the test cavity passes through the test cavity through the sensor pipe. The end cap can close the gap between the signal line and the end of the sensor pipe to prevent liquid or grouting fluid from flowing out through the sensor pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing plug is provided on one side of the end cover close to the cavity unit, a screw is provided on the inner side of the end cover, and a second nut is provided on the outer side of the end cover; the screw passes through the sealing plug and the end cover, and the second nut can be connected to the screw by threading; Rotating the second nut can push the sealing plug to extrude the end cap, so that the sealing plug can be deformed and fit with the inner wall of the sensor pipe, thereby blocking the gap between the signal line and the inner wall of the sensor pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid channel and the sensor channel are provided with a barrier at the end inside the cavity unit, and the barrier can be decomposed in contact with water; the barrier can prevent the material used to simulate the geological environment from blocking the liquid channel or the sensor channel when the cavity unit is manufactured.

[0014] The present invention also provides a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation method, which is used in a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, and the method comprises: Use geological exploration technology to obtain geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; The geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is divided into multiple areas according to the distance of the drilling direction, and the concrete aggregate type, concrete parameters, and concrete-water ratio parameters are configured according to the geological composition information of each area; fillers are made according to the corresponding parameters, and the fillers are added to the cavity unit, and the fillers are waited for solidification; Assemble a plurality of cavity units containing fillings of different configurations into a test cavity in the order of distance in the drilling direction; Water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel and the water pressure is maintained to start the grouting simulation test.

[0015] Preferably, in the process of making the filler according to the corresponding parameters, a soluble material is placed in the filler, and after water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel, the soluble material is decomposed to form a water-containing cavity; The liquid channel of at least one cavity unit in the multi-section cavity unit injects water into the test cavity, and the liquid channel of at least one cavity unit discharges water to the outside of the test cavity to form flowing water.

[0016] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device and test method can simulate the real geological environment, fix the position of crushed stone and gravel through concrete, and set different cavity units in sections according to the real situation. Each cavity unit is set with crushed stone, gravel or other geological components according to the real geological situation, or it can be a combination of multiple geological components. Finally, multiple cavity units are assembled from near to far according to the drilling direction to form a test cavity, and the parameters obtained from the test can provide a reference for actual geological engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present disclosure includes drawings, which should be considered to be included in and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the specification, illustrate various exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present disclosure, and are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawings. Among them: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a test cavity of a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a test cavity of a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 7 It is an exploded diagram of a docking assembly of a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a liquid channel and a sensor channel of a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of point F in the middle; Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the G in the middle; Among them: cavity unit 11, external threaded column 12, first nut 13, liquid inner connecting plate 21, liquid outer connecting plate 22, liquid pipeline 23, baffle 24, sensor inner connecting plate 31, sensor outer connecting plate 32, sensor pipeline 33, end cover 34, sealing plug 35, second nut 36, blocking member 41, gasket 42, annular sealing ring 43, protrusion 44, groove 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0019] The simulation test of grouting in loose geological conditions rich in water is a geological engineering test mainly used to study and simulate the effects and impacts of grouting operations in loose geological environments rich in groundwater. In this test, a simulated loose geological environment rich in water is first established, which is usually achieved by making a small geological model in the laboratory. This model simulates the actual groundwater flow conditions, including the speed and direction of the water flow. Then, the test personnel will inject different types of grouting materials into the model, such as cement slurry, chemical slurry, etc. During the grouting process, the grouting pressure, speed and other parameters will be changed to simulate the actual grouting operation conditions.

[0020] By observing and recording the diffusion of grouting materials in the model and the change in the strength of the model strata after grouting, the effect and impact of grouting operations in a water-rich loose geological environment can be studied.

[0021] The results of this test can provide a reference for actual geological engineering, helping engineers optimize the grouting process and improve the grouting effect.

[0022] The invention patent with publication number CN115288738A discloses a decompression cutoff grouting simulation test system and method for water seepage fissures under high osmotic pressure. The grouting chamber is filled with gravel. However, in the real environment, these gravels are usually fixed on the rock wall and are not in a free state. During the grouting simulation test, the gravel will move and interfere with the drilling. In addition, the geological conditions in the real environment are complex, and there may be a variety of different components such as gravel and gravel. The grouting simulation test system provided by the patent cannot achieve the simulation of different geological components.

[0023] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, which is used to provide a test cavity that can be spliced ​​in sections in the length direction, and the interior of the test cavity can simulate the real water-rich loose geological environment; including a test cavity formed by splicing multiple cavity units 11 end to end in sequence, a docking assembly connecting the cavity units 11, and a liquid channel and a sensor channel arranged outside the test cavity; The cavity unit 11 is cylindrical, hollow inside and connected at both ends in the length direction; the test cavity is a columnar component formed by splicing multiple cavity units 11 along the length direction through a docking assembly; the docking assembly can tightly dock two adjacent cavity units 11, the liquid channel is used to inject liquid into the test cavity to perform a water pressure test, and the sensor channel is used to connect the sensor arranged inside the test cavity and allow the signal line to pass through the side wall of the test cavity; The cavity units 11 can respectively establish different simulated geological environments and then be sequentially spliced ​​into a test cavity.

[0024] In the specific implementation process, Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, providing a hollow cylindrical test cavity with open ends, the test cavity is composed of a plurality of cavity units 11, the cavity unit 11 provides a variety of lengths to choose from, and the length of the cavity unit 11 can be scaled according to the length of similar geological components in actual geological conditions. The number of cavity units 11 can also be selected according to the length of the grouting borehole.

[0025] The docking assembly is used to connect multiple cavity units 11 end to end in sequence to form a test cavity. The docking assembly can be a flange ring, an annular buckle, or directly bonded by glue.

[0026] The liquid channel is a hole that runs through the side wall of the cavity unit 11, or it can be a pipe installed on the hole, and the pipe serves as a liquid channel. The end of the liquid channel away from the cavity unit 11 can be provided with a thread or other quick-release joint for connecting to an external water pipe. The liquid channel is used to inject liquid into the cavity unit 11. The liquid can be ordinary water to simulate a water-rich environment. In the specific implementation process, a certain water pressure usually needs to be maintained after water injection. Therefore, the docking assembly, liquid channel and sensor channel can be provided with sealing measures such as sealing rings as needed to prevent water leakage.

[0027] The sensor channel is used to allow the cable of the pressure sensor arranged inside the cavity unit 11 to pass through the side wall of the cavity unit 11. The sensor channel can be a hole or a pipe installed on the hole. A seal is provided on the sensor channel to close the sensor channel. The seal can be an end cover 34. After the sensor signal line passes through the sensor channel, a flexible rubber pad can be provided on one side of the end cover 34. The rubber pad is pressed on the sensor signal line to close the gap between the sensor signal line and the sensor channel to prevent water leakage.

[0028] In the specific implementation process, it is necessary to first use geological exploration technology to detect the geological conditions of the excavation area. Tunnel advanced geological prediction refers to the use of drilling and modern geophysical exploration to detect the geological conditions in front of the excavation surface of the rock and soil body of underground projects such as tunnels, underground plants, etc., in an effort to grasp the structure, properties, and state of the rock and soil body in front before construction, as well as the occurrence of groundwater, gas, etc., ground stress conditions and other geological information.

[0029] By obtaining the geological conditions of the excavation area, the geological information ahead can be divided into multiple areas, and the concrete aggregate type, concrete parameters, and concrete-water ratio parameters are configured according to the geological composition information of each area; fillers are made according to the corresponding parameters, and the fillers are added to the cavity unit 11, and the fillers are waited for solidification; Assemble a plurality of cavity units 11 containing fillings of different configurations into a test cavity in the order of distance in the drilling direction; Water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel and the water pressure is maintained to start the grouting simulation test.

[0030] For example, the area about 10 meters ahead is mainly gravel, and about 15 meters ahead there is an area with concentrated gravel, and there is groundwater in the gravel area. Then, two sections of cavity units 11 can be used to simulate the gravel area and the water-containing gravel area respectively.

[0031] The concrete aggregate type can be crushed stone, gravel, etc. The concrete parameters and water content can be configured according to the hardness and water content of the geological conditions. It can be a semi-dry concrete material to simulate the real geological conditions. After the filler is made, it is filled into the cavity unit 11. If a cavity is detected, a water-soluble material can be placed in the filler. After water is poured, the water-soluble material dissolves to produce a cavity. The water-soluble material can be PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) or HIPS (high-impact polystyrene).

[0032] Further, the cavity unit 11 is a hollow cylinder with two ends connected; the docking assembly includes a flange and a first fastener connecting the flange, the flange is fixed at both ends of the cavity unit 11, and the flange of the cavity unit 11 can be tightly docked with the flange of the adjacent cavity unit 11 through the first fastener; The liquid channel and the sensor channel are arranged on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity unit 11 , and the liquid channel and the sensor channel can penetrate the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity.

[0033] In this embodiment, the cavity unit 11 is cylindrical with two ends connected, and the circumferential surface can be made of a transparent acrylic material to facilitate observation of the internal conditions and the status of the pressure sensor.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the docking assembly includes a flange ring and a first fastener connecting the flange plate. The first fastener can be a bolt and a nut. The cavity unit 11 and the flange ring can be fixed by bonding, and the flange rings are connected by bolts and nuts to achieve a tight fit between the cavity unit 11 and the adjacent cavity units 11.

[0035] Further, the liquid channel includes a liquid inner connecting plate 21 disposed inside the cavity unit 11, a liquid outer connecting plate 22 disposed outside the cavity unit 11, a second fastener connecting the liquid inner connecting plate 21 and the liquid outer connecting plate 22, and a liquid pipeline 23 disposed on the liquid inner connecting plate 21; The second fastener includes an external thread column 12 disposed on the liquid inner connecting plate 21 and a first nut 13 matched with the external thread column 12, the external thread column 12 sequentially passes through the side wall of the cavity unit 11 and the liquid outer connecting plate 22, and screwing the first nut 13 into the external thread column 12 enables the liquid inner connecting plate 21 and the liquid outer connecting plate 22 to clamp the cavity unit 11 from both inside and outside of the cavity unit 11; The liquid pipeline 23 passes through the side wall of the cavity unit 11 and the liquid external connecting plate 22. The liquid pipeline 23 includes a proximal end arranged on the outside of the cavity unit 11 and a distal end arranged on the inside of the cavity unit 11. The proximal end and the distal end of the liquid pipeline 23 are connected. After the liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit 11 is docked with the proximal end of the liquid pipeline 23, liquid can be injected into the cavity unit 11, or the liquid in the cavity unit 11 can be output to the outside of the cavity unit 11 through the liquid pipeline 23.

[0036] In this embodiment, Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 as well as Fig.11 As shown, the liquid inner connecting plate 21 is arc-shaped and can be fitted with the inner wall of the cavity unit 11, and the liquid outer connecting plate 22 can be fitted with the outer wall of the cavity unit 11. The second fastener includes an external thread column 12 provided on the liquid inner connecting plate 21 and a first nut 13 matched with the external thread column 12. The external thread column 12 passes through the side wall of the cavity unit 11 and the liquid outer connecting plate 22 in sequence. Screwing the first nut 13 on the external thread column 12 can make the liquid inner connecting plate 21 and the liquid outer connecting plate 22 clamp the cavity unit 11 from both the inner and outer sides of the cavity unit 11; the liquid pipeline 23 is cylindrical and is integrated with the liquid inner connecting plate 21. In this embodiment, the proximal end of the liquid pipeline 23 is provided with an external thread, which can be used to connect with a pipeline of an external water source.

[0037] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the proximal end of the liquid pipe 23 is smaller than the inner diameter of the distal end. The liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit 11 can reduce the liquid pressure when injecting liquid into the cavity unit 11 at the initial stage, thereby preventing the internal structure of the test cavity from being damaged due to a fast flow rate of the injected liquid at the initial stage.

[0038] In this embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, a step is provided inside the liquid pipe 23, and the inner diameters on both sides of the step are inconsistent. The inner diameter of the proximal end of the liquid pipe 23 is smaller than the inner diameter of the distal end. In order to prevent the structure of the filler from being damaged by the impact of water flow during water injection, the inner diameter of the proximal end of the liquid pipe 23 is smaller than the inner diameter of the distal end, which can slow down the impact of water flow in the early stage of water injection.

[0039] Furthermore, a baffle plate 24 is disposed inside the liquid pipeline 23. The baffle plate 24 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of through holes penetrating the baffle plate 24 are disposed radially therein. The liquid injected into the cavity unit 11 by the liquid source disposed outside the cavity unit 11 is input into the cavity unit 11 through the through holes on the baffle plate 24 , and the baffle plate 24 serves to reduce the flow rate of the liquid.

[0040] In this embodiment, the baffle 24 is cylindrical and has a plurality of through holes, which also serves to mitigate the impact of water flow. Preferably, a plurality of baffles 24 may be provided inside the liquid pipeline 23. In this embodiment, two baffles 24 are provided, and the positions of the through holes of the plurality of baffles 24 are not corresponding. The non-corresponding through holes can further reduce the impact of water flow.

[0041] Further, the sensor channel includes a sensor inner connecting plate 31 disposed inside the cavity unit 11, a sensor outer connecting plate 32 disposed outside the cavity unit 11, a third fastener connecting the sensor inner connecting plate 31 and the sensor outer connecting plate 32, and a sensor pipe 33 disposed on the sensor inner connecting plate 31; The third fastener includes an external thread column 12 arranged on the sensor inner connecting plate 31 and a first nut 13 matched with the external thread column 12. The external thread column 12 passes through the side wall of the cavity unit 11 and the sensor outer connecting plate 32 in sequence. Screwing the first nut 13 into the external thread column 12 enables the sensor inner connecting plate 31 and the sensor outer connecting plate 32 to clamp the cavity unit 11 from both inside and outside of the cavity unit 11. The sensor pipe 33 passes through the side wall of the cavity unit 11 and the sensor outer connecting plate 32. The sensor pipe 33 includes a proximal end arranged outside the cavity unit 11 and a distal end arranged inside the cavity unit 11. The proximal end and the distal end of the sensor pipe 33 are connected. The proximal end of the sensor pipe 33 is provided with an end cap 34 and a closing assembly for closing the end cap 34. The signal line of the sensor arranged inside the test cavity passes through the sensor pipe 33 and passes through the test cavity. The end cap 34 can close the gap between the signal line and the end of the sensor pipe 33 to prevent liquid or grouting fluid from flowing out through the sensor pipe 33.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the pressure sensor is placed inside the cavity unit 11, and the signal line of the pressure sensor is connected to the outside of the cavity unit 11 through the sensor channel and connected to the external device. The sensor inner connecting plate 31 is arc-shaped and can fit with the inner wall of the cavity unit 11, and the sensor outer connecting plate 32 can fit with the outer wall of the cavity unit 11. Screwing the first nut 13 on the external threaded column 12 can make the sensor inner connecting plate 31 and the sensor outer connecting plate 32 clamp the cavity unit 11 from both the inside and outside of the cavity unit 11.

[0043] The end cap 34 can close the sensor pipe 33. The closing component is used to close the gap between the signal line and the end of the sensor pipe 33. A flexible rubber pad is provided on the end cap 34. The rubber pad can be deformed by squeezing the signal line, thereby closing the gap between the signal line and the sensor pipe 33 and preventing damage to the signal line.

[0044] Furthermore, a sealing plug 35 is provided on one side of the end cover 34 close to the cavity unit 11, a screw is provided on the inner side of the end cover 34, and a second nut 36 is provided on the outer side of the end cover 34; the screw passes through the sealing plug 35 and the end cover 34, and the second nut 36 can be connected to the screw by threading; Rotating the second nut 36 can push the sealing plug 35 to squeeze the end cover 34 , so that the sealing plug 35 can be deformed and fit with the inner wall of the sensor pipe 33 , thereby blocking the gap between the signal line and the inner wall of the sensor pipe 33 .

[0045] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the sealing plug 35 is made of a flexible material and can be deformed after being squeezed. The screw passes through the sealing plug 35 and the end cover 34. The second nut 36 can be connected to the screw by a thread. Rotating the second nut 36 can push the sealing plug 35 to squeeze the end cover 34. The sealing plug 35 can be deformed and fit against the inner wall of the sensor pipe 33, thereby blocking the gap between the signal line and the inner wall of the sensor pipe 33 to close the sensor pipe 33.

[0046] Furthermore, the liquid channel and the sensor channel are provided with a blocking member 41 at the inner end of the cavity unit 11, and the blocking member 41 can be decomposed in water; the blocking member 41 can prevent the material used to simulate the geological environment from clogging the liquid channel or the sensor channel when the cavity unit 11 is manufactured.

[0047] In this embodiment, the blocking member 41 is made of a water-soluble material to prevent the material used to simulate the geological environment from blocking the liquid channel or the sensor channel.

[0048] The present invention also provides a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation method, which is used in a water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, and the method comprises: Use geological exploration technology to obtain geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; The geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel to be excavated is divided into multiple areas according to the distance of the drilling direction, and the concrete aggregate type, concrete parameters, and the ratio parameters of concrete and water are configured according to the geological composition information of each area; a filler is made according to the corresponding parameters, and the filler is added into the cavity unit 11, and the filler is waited for solidification; Assemble a plurality of cavity units 11 containing fillings of different configurations into a test cavity in the order of distance in the drilling direction; Water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel and the water pressure is maintained to start the grouting simulation test.

[0049] In this embodiment, It is necessary to first use geological exploration technology to detect the geological conditions of the excavation area. Tunnel advanced geological prediction refers to the use of drilling and modern geophysical exploration to detect the geological conditions in front of the excavation surface of the rock and soil body of underground projects such as tunnels, underground plants, etc., in an effort to grasp the structure, properties, and state of the rock and soil body in front before construction, as well as the occurrence of groundwater, gas, etc., ground stress conditions and other geological information.

[0050] By obtaining the geological conditions of the excavation area, the geological information ahead can be divided into multiple areas, and the concrete aggregate type, concrete parameters, and concrete-water ratio parameters are configured according to the geological composition information of each area; fillers are made according to the corresponding parameters, and the fillers are added to the cavity unit 11, and the fillers are waited for solidification; Assemble a plurality of cavity units 11 containing fillings of different configurations into a test cavity in the order of distance in the drilling direction; Water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel and the water pressure is maintained to start the grouting simulation test.

[0051] For example, the area about 10 meters ahead is mainly gravel, and about 15 meters ahead there is an area with concentrated gravel, and there is groundwater in the gravel area. Then, two sections of cavity units 11 can be used to simulate the gravel area and the water-containing gravel area respectively.

[0052] The concrete aggregate type can be crushed stone, gravel, etc. The concrete parameters and water content can be configured according to the hardness and water content of the geological conditions. Semi-dry concrete materials can be used to simulate the real geological conditions. After the filling material is made, it is filled into the cavity unit 11.

[0053] Furthermore, in the process of making the filler according to the corresponding parameters, a soluble material is placed in the filler, and after water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel, the soluble material is decomposed to form a water-containing cavity; The liquid channel of at least one cavity unit 11 in the multi-stage cavity unit 11 injects water into the test cavity, and the liquid channel of at least one cavity unit 11 discharges water to the outside of the test cavity to form flowing water.

[0054] In this embodiment, if flowing water is detected, the water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device of this embodiment can also simulate the situation of flowing water, and the liquid channel of at least one cavity unit 11 injects water into the test cavity to form the water inlet of the flowing water, and the liquid channel of at least one cavity unit 11 drains water to the outside of the test cavity as the water outlet of the flowing water to form flowing water. A cavity can be made between the water inlet and the water outlet by water-soluble materials for water flow to pass through.

[0055] It is preferred that Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, a detachable gasket 42 is provided on the flange ring, a protrusion 44 is provided on the gasket 42, and grooves 45 are provided at corresponding positions of the flange ring and the protrusion 44. The gasket 42 can be placed on the flange ring when pouring filler inside the cavity unit.

[0056] After the filler solidifies, the gasket 42 is removed. The gasket 42 forms a regular annular groove on the filler. After removing the gasket 42, an annular sealing ring 43 can be placed in the annular groove. The height of the annular sealing ring 43 can be slightly greater than the height of the gasket 42, and the height of the annular sealing ring slightly exceeds the height of the flange ring.

[0057] When the cavity units are butted together, the two flange rings are butted together, and the annular sealing rings 43 of the two flange rings are pressed against each other to provide better sealing performance.

[0058] The protrusion 44 on the gasket 42 and the groove 45 on the flange ring are mainly used to pry up the gasket 42 through the groove 45 when removing the gasket 42, so as to facilitate the removal of the gasket 42.

[0059] The various embodiments disclosed in the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In other words, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes and improvements to the present invention in form and detail, and these are considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The choice of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the various embodiments, practical applications, or improvements to the technology in the market, or to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the various embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device, used to provide a test cavity that can be spliced ​​in sections in the length direction, and the interior of the test cavity can simulate a real water-rich loose geological environment; characterized by: It comprises a test cavity formed by sequentially splicing a plurality of cavity units (11) end to end, a docking assembly connecting the cavity units (11), and a liquid channel and a sensor channel arranged outside the test cavity; The cavity unit (11) is cylindrical, hollow inside and connected at both ends in the length direction; the test cavity is a columnar component formed by splicing a plurality of cavity units (11) along the length direction via a docking assembly; the docking assembly can tightly dock two adjacent cavity units (11); the liquid channel is used to inject liquid into the test cavity to perform a water pressure test; the sensor channel is used to connect a sensor arranged inside the test cavity and allow a signal line to pass through a side wall of the test cavity; The cavity units (11) can respectively establish different simulated geological environments and then be sequentially spliced ​​into a test cavity.

2. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity unit (11) is hollow and cylindrical, with two ends connected; the docking assembly comprises a flange and a first fastener connecting the flange, the flange is fixed at both ends of the cavity unit (11), and the flange of the cavity unit (11) can be tightly docked with the flange of an adjacent cavity unit (11) through the first fastener; The liquid channel and the sensor channel are arranged on the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity unit (11), and the liquid channel and the sensor channel can penetrate the circumferential surface of the cylindrical cavity.

3. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The liquid channel comprises a liquid inner connecting plate (21) arranged inside the cavity unit (11), a liquid outer connecting plate (22) arranged outside the cavity unit (11), a second fastener connecting the liquid inner connecting plate (21) and the liquid outer connecting plate (22), and a liquid pipeline (23) arranged on the liquid inner connecting plate (21); The second fastener comprises an external thread column (12) arranged on the liquid inner connecting plate (21) and a first nut (13) matched with the external thread column (12), the external thread column (12) passing through the side wall of the cavity unit (11) and the liquid outer connecting plate (22) in sequence, and screwing the first nut (13) into the external thread column (12) enables the liquid inner connecting plate (21) and the liquid outer connecting plate (22) to clamp the cavity unit (11) from both the inner and outer sides of the cavity unit (11); The liquid pipeline (23) passes through the side wall of the cavity unit (11) and the liquid external connection plate (22); the liquid pipeline (23) comprises a proximal end arranged on the outside of the cavity unit (11) and a distal end arranged on the inside of the cavity unit (11); the proximal end and the distal end of the liquid pipeline (23) are connected; after a liquid source arranged on the outside of the cavity unit (11) is docked with the proximal end of the liquid pipeline (23), liquid can be injected into the cavity unit (11); or, liquid in the cavity unit (11) can be output to the outside of the cavity unit (11) through the liquid pipeline (23).

4. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the proximal end of the liquid pipe (23) is smaller than the inner diameter of the distal end, and the liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit (11) can reduce the liquid pressure at the initial stage of injecting liquid into the cavity unit (11), thereby preventing the internal structure of the test cavity from being damaged due to a fast flow rate of the injected liquid at the initial stage.

5. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A baffle (24) is arranged inside the liquid pipeline (23); the baffle (24) is disc-shaped, and a plurality of through holes penetrating the baffle (24) are arranged radially on the baffle (24); Liquid injected into the cavity unit (11) by a liquid source arranged outside the cavity unit (11) is input into the cavity unit (11) through the through hole on the baffle plate (24), and the baffle plate (24) plays a role in reducing the flow rate of the liquid.

6. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor channel comprises a sensor inner connecting plate (31) arranged inside the cavity unit (11), a sensor outer connecting plate (32) arranged outside the cavity unit (11), a third fastener connecting the sensor inner connecting plate (31) and the sensor outer connecting plate (32), and a sensor pipe (33) arranged on the sensor inner connecting plate (31); The third fastener comprises an external thread column (12) arranged on the sensor inner connecting plate (31) and a first nut (13) matched with the external thread column (12), the external thread column (12) passing through the side wall of the cavity unit (11) and the sensor outer connecting plate (32) in sequence, and screwing the first nut (13) into the external thread column (12) enables the sensor inner connecting plate (31) and the sensor outer connecting plate (32) to clamp the cavity unit (11) from both the inner and outer sides of the cavity unit (11); The sensor pipe (33) passes through the side wall of the cavity unit (11) and the sensor outer connecting plate (32), the sensor pipe (33) comprises a proximal end arranged outside the cavity unit (11) and a distal end arranged inside the cavity unit (11), and the proximal end and the distal end of the sensor pipe (33) are connected; An end cap (34) and a closing assembly for closing the end cap (34) are provided at the proximal end of the sensor pipe (33); a signal line of a sensor arranged inside the test cavity passes through the test cavity via the sensor pipe (33); the end cap (34) can close a gap between the signal line and the end of the sensor pipe (33) to prevent liquid or grouting fluid from flowing out through the sensor pipe (33).

7. A water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing plug (35) is provided on a side of the end cover (34) close to the cavity unit (11), a screw is provided on the inner side of the end cover (34), and a second nut (36) is provided on the outer side of the end cover (34); the screw passes through the sealing plug (35) and the end cover (34), and the second nut (36) can be connected to the screw by threading; Rotating the second nut (36) can push the sealing plug (35) to squeeze the end cover (34), so that the sealing plug (35) can be deformed and fit against the inner wall of the sensor pipe (33), thereby sealing the gap between the signal line and the inner wall of the sensor pipe (33).

8. The water-rich loose geological grouting simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid channel and the sensor channel are provided with a blocking member (41) at the end portion inside the cavity unit (11); the blocking member (41) can be decomposed in contact with water; the blocking member (41) can prevent the material used to simulate the geological environment from blocking the liquid channel or the sensor channel when the cavity unit (11) is manufactured.

9. A method for simulating grouting of water-rich loose geology, used in the simulating grouting of water-rich loose geology according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises: Use geological exploration technology to obtain geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; Divide the geological composition information of the surrounding rock of the tunnel into multiple regions according to the drilling direction, configure the type of concrete aggregate, concrete parameters, and the ratio of concrete to water according to the geological composition information of each region; make a filler according to the corresponding parameters, add the filler into the cavity unit (11), and wait for the filler to solidify; Assembling a plurality of cavity units (11) containing fillings of different configurations into a test cavity in the order of distance in the drilling direction; Water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel and the water pressure is maintained to start the grouting simulation test.

10. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the process of making the filler according to the corresponding parameters, a soluble material is placed in the filler, and after water is injected into the test cavity through the liquid channel, the soluble material is decomposed to form a water-containing cavity; The liquid channel of at least one cavity unit (11) in the multi-section cavity units (11) injects water into the interior of the test cavity, and the liquid channel of at least one cavity unit (11) discharges water to the outside of the test cavity, thereby forming flowing water.

Images