A flow resistance impedance detection device manufactured by three-dimensional printing

Abstract

A three-dimensional printing manufacturing flow resistance impedance detection device comprises from top to bottom an upper electrode layer, a flow channel layer and a lower electrode layer, the upper electrode layer is provided with an inlet, an outlet and four parallel upper detection electrodes of a device, the flow channel layer is provided with a direct current channel with a rectangular cross section, and the lower electrode layer is provided with four parallel lower detection electrodes; the upper detection electrodes and the lower detection electrodes are located at the ends of the direct current channel and are arranged in a face-to-face parallel manner; the four parallel upper detection electrodes respectively comprise an excitation electrode and an induction electrode; the base of the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer and the flow channel layer are printed by using non-conductive materials, and the electrodes in the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer are printed by using metal materials; the three-dimensional printing manufacturing flow resistance impedance detection device can realize non-destructive detection of cells and biological particles in a non-marking manner, automatically and with high throughput, has extremely high detection accuracy, and provides a new method for rapid and low-cost diagnosis of clinical diseases.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of three-dimensional printing of heterogeneous materials, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional printing manufacturing flow-type electrical impedance detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-throughput non-labeled detection of biological particles such as cells has important significance in the fields of life science, clinical medicine, chemistry and chemical industry. At present, the mainstream detection method of biological particles still mainly relies on the method of immune labeling, that is, specific biological reagents are used to realize the identification of biological particles. This method has the defects of high cost and long time consumption. In addition, this method often needs to be operated by trained professionals, and this method often causes apoptosis of biological particles, which is not conducive to subsequent biochemical research. In recent years, with the progress of Wiener processing technology, flow-type electrical impedance detection technology has made great development in the detection of biological particles. Taking cells as an example, flow-type electrical impedance detection technology realizes non-labeled detection of cells by analyzing the disturbance of cells to the electric field when the cells pass through the electric field area. For example, leukocytes and tumor cells have great differences in impedance signal amplitude and phase. However, the electrodes of the existing flow-type electrical impedance detection device are usually coplanar or face-to-face electrode structures. Since the farther away from the electrode, the greater the electric field attenuation, therefore, the position of the biological particles in the detection area has great interference on the detection signal, and further causes inaccurate detection. Therefore, how to eliminate the detection error caused by the position of the biological particles such as cells in the flow-type electrical impedance detection device is the key to realize high-throughput and accurate detection of biological particles, and has great application value in the fields of disease diagnosis and single-cell physical property research. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a three-dimensional printing manufacturing flow-type electrical impedance detection device, which is a flow-type electrical impedance detection device capable of realizing high-throughput, non-labeled and accurate detection of biological particles such as cells, and the manufacturing method is based on the technology of three-dimensional printing of heterogeneous materials.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0005] The application discloses a flow resistance impedance detection device manufactured by three-dimensional printing, which comprises, from top to bottom, an upper electrode layer, a flow channel layer and a lower electrode layer; four detection electrodes are arranged on the upper electrode layer; small positioning marks and large positioning marks are arranged on the upper electrode layer, so that the upper electrode layer, the flow channel layer and the lower electrode layer can be aligned with each other; a sample inlet and a sample outlet are arranged on the upper electrode layer, so that the sample can be input and output respectively; a flow channel inlet, a flow channel outlet, an outlet flow channel, large positioning marks of the flow channel layer, a detection flow channel and an inlet flow channel are arranged on the flow channel layer; the flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet are opposite to the sample inlet and the sample outlet on the upper electrode layer respectively; the inlet flow channel and the large positioning marks of the flow channel layer correspond to the large positioning marks of the upper electrode layer, so that the upper electrode layer and the flow channel layer can be accurately aligned; four detection electrodes are arranged on the lower electrode layer; small positioning marks and large positioning marks are arranged on the lower electrode layer, so that the upper electrode layer, the flow channel layer and the lower electrode layer can be aligned with each other; after alignment, the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer are distributed in parallel face to face, and the end of the detection flow channel in the flow channel layer is located in the middle of the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer.

[0006] Preferably, four detection electrodes are arranged on the upper electrode layer, the first ends of the four detection electrodes are thin, the sizes of the first ends of the four detection electrodes are matched with the sizes of biological particles such as cells, the second ends of the four detection electrodes are thick, and the sizes of the second ends of the four detection electrodes are matched with the sizes of external circuits; small positioning marks and large positioning marks are arranged on the upper electrode layer, so that the upper electrode layer, the flow channel layer and the lower electrode layer can be aligned with each other; a sample inlet and a sample outlet are arranged on the upper electrode layer, so that the sample can be input and output respectively.

[0007] Preferably, four detection electrodes are arranged on the lower electrode layer, the first ends of the four detection electrodes are thin, the sizes of the first ends of the four detection electrodes are matched with the sizes of biological particles such as cells, the second ends of the four detection electrodes are thick, and the sizes of the second ends of the four detection electrodes are matched with the sizes of external circuits; small positioning marks and large positioning marks are arranged on the lower electrode layer, so that the upper electrode layer, the flow channel layer and the lower electrode layer can be aligned with each other; after alignment, the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer are distributed in parallel face to face, and the end of the detection flow channel in the flow channel layer is located in the middle of the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer.

[0008] Preferably, the detection flow channel is a straight flow channel or a serpentine flow channel with a high aspect ratio, and biological particles such as cells are accurately focused in the flow channel and are distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the detection flow channel respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the flow channel layer is provided with a flow channel inlet, a flow channel outlet, an outlet flow channel, a large positioning mark, a detection flow channel, and an inlet flow channel; the flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet are opposite to the sample inlet and the sample outlet on the upper electrode layer respectively; the inlet flow channel and the outlet flow channel are wider than the detection flow channel, facilitating high-throughput sample injection; the large positioning mark corresponds to the large positioning mark on the upper electrode layer, achieving accurate alignment between the upper electrode layer and the flow channel layer; the detection flow channel has a straight flow channel structure or a serpentine flow channel structure, for realizing accurate focusing of micro biological particles, so that the biological particles pass through the detection area at a fixed position, thereby increasing the accuracy of electrical impedance detection.

[0010] Preferably, the external circuit of the electrical impedance detection further comprises two transimpedance amplifiers TA, a differential amplifier Diff, a signal generator SG, a mixer Mixer, a low-pass filter LPF, a phase inverter PI, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode one and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two and the lower electrode layer detection electrode three and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four are excitation electrodes and are applied with an electric field, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode three and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two are induction electrodes, for realizing reception of an induction signal; the signal generator SG sends a detection signal, which is applied to the upper electrode layer detection electrode one and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two and the lower electrode layer detection electrode three and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four after passing through the phase inverter PI, that is, the electric field applied to the upper electrode layer detection electrode one and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two is equal in size and opposite in phase to the electric field applied to the lower electrode layer detection electrode three and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four; the upper electrode layer detection electrode three and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two are short-circuited, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one are short-circuited after transimpedance amplification by the transimpedance amplifier TA, wherein the upper electrode layer detection electrode three and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two are short-circuited, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one are short-circuited, which is the first difference; the signal after the first difference is then connected to the differential amplifier Diff for the second difference, and then the signal is amplified by a lock-in amplifier composed of the signal generator SG, the mixer Mixer, and the low-pass filter LPF, and finally the weak electrical impedance signal is obtained.

[0011] Since the detection flow channel of the flow electrical impedance detection device provided by the application is a high-depth-width-ratio straight flow channel or a serpentine flow channel, micro biological particles such as cells are accurately focused in the flow channel and are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the detection flow channel, respectively, that is, at positions #1 and #2 shown in Figure 5 (2) When the biological particles pass through positions #1 and #2, the electric field is disturbed, and due to the unique electrical signal difference mode of the application described above, the signals generated by the same biological particle at positions #1 and #2 are equal in size and center-symmetric in shape, thereby avoiding the situation of inaccurate detection caused by uneven electric field distribution.

[0012] Preferably, the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer are three-dimensionally printed by heterogeneous materials, the electrode part is a conductive material, the non-electrode part is an insulating material, and the flow channel layer is three-dimensionally printed by a non-conductive material. When the upper electrode layer, the flow channel layer, and the lower electrode layer are assembled from top to bottom, a hot-pressing process is used for sealing, or a sealing glue is used for sealing.

[0013] Principle:

[0014] In the detection flow channel, the sample liquid containing biological particles is injected into the detection flow channel through the sample liquid inlet. The detection flow channel is a high aspect ratio straight channel or a serpentine flow channel. Under the inertial flow of limited flow rate, the biological particles can be focused on the two equilibrium positions of the flow channel, thereby passing through the detection area at a specific position. The principle is that the flow channel is subjected to the action of inertial lift force in the high aspect ratio straight channel, and the biological particles are thus focused on the two equilibrium positions of the upper and lower flow channels. In the high aspect ratio serpentine flow channel, the biological particles are subjected to the combined action of inertial lift force and Dean drag force, and the cells can be balanced at the two equilibrium positions of the upper and lower flow channels more quickly. Therefore, in the detection flow channel, the biological particles can pass through the detection area at two specific positions.

[0015] In the detection area of the application, the basic principle is that cells will produce disturbance of electric field when passing through the electric field area, and by analyzing the disturbance effect of different cells on electric field, the counting and identification of cells can be realized. In order to realize the simultaneous and accurate detection of the upper and lower balance positions in the detection flow channel, a current difference method is newly designed in the application, in addition to the flow impedance detection device itself, the external circuit of the electric impedance detection also includes two transimpedance amplifiers, a differential amplifier, a signal generator, a mixer, a low-pass filter, a phase inverter; the two electrodes on the left side of the upper detection electrode and the two electrodes on the right side of the lower detection electrode are excitation electrodes and are applied with electric field, the two electrodes on the right side of the upper detection electrode and the two electrodes on the left side of the lower detection electrode are sensing electrodes, which realize the reception of sensing signal; the detection signal is sent out by the signal generator, and after passing through the phase inverter, it is applied to the two electrodes on the left side of the upper electrode and the two electrodes on the right side of the lower electrode, that is, the electric field applied to the two electrodes on the left side of the upper electrode and the electric field applied to the two electrodes on the right side of the lower electrode are the same in size and opposite in phase; the sensing electrodes are staggered and short-circuited, then amplified by the transimpedance amplifier, and the first difference is formed; the signal after the first difference is then connected to the differential amplifier for the second difference, then the signal is amplified by the phase-locked amplifier composed of the signal generator, the mixer and the low-pass filter, and finally the weak electric impedance signal is obtained. Since the detection flow channel of the flow electric impedance detection device proposed in the application is a high-depth-ratio straight flow channel or a serpentine flow channel, the microorganisms such as cells are accurately focused in the flow channel and are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the detection flow channel respectively, and the biological particles will produce disturbance of electric field when passing through the two positions, and due to the unique electric signal difference method of the application described above, the signals generated by the same biological particle at the two positions are equal in size and center-symmetric in shape, thereby avoiding the inaccurate detection caused by uneven distribution of electric field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is an assembly explosion schematic diagram of a three-dimensional printing manufacturing flow electric impedance detection device of the application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a detailed structure schematic diagram of the upper electrode layer;

[0018] Figure 3 is a detailed structure schematic diagram of the flow channel layer;

[0019] Figure 4 is a detailed structure schematic diagram of the lower electrode layer;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure, detection principle and detection result of the device after assembly.

[0021] Label explanation:

[0022] 1. Upper electrode layer; 11. Upper electrode layer detection electrode one; 12. Upper electrode layer detection electrode two; 13. Upper electrode layer detection electrode three; 14. Upper electrode layer detection electrode four; 15. Small positioning mark; 16. Sample outlet; 17. Upper electrode layer large positioning mark; 18. Sample inlet; 2. Flow channel layer; 21. Flow channel inlet; 22. Flow channel outlet; 23. Outlet flow channel; 24. Flow channel layer large positioning mark; 25. Detection flow channel; 26. Inlet flow channel; 3. Lower electrode layer; 31. Lower electrode layer detection electrode one; 32. Lower electrode layer detection electrode two; 33. Lower electrode layer detection electrode three; 34. Lower electrode layer detection electrode four; 35. Lower electrode layer small positioning mark; 36. Lower electrode layer large positioning mark. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the novel flow impedance detection device of the present invention is assembled from top to bottom by an upper electrode layer 1, a flow channel layer 2, and a lower electrode layer 3, wherein the electrode layer 1, the flow channel layer 2, and the lower electrode layer 3 are aligned and sealed in sequence so that liquid can pass through the flow channel without leakage.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the upper electrode layer 1 is provided with four detection electrodes, namely upper electrode layer detection electrode one 11, upper electrode layer detection electrode two 12, upper electrode layer detection electrode three 13, and upper electrode layer detection electrode four 14. The four detection electrodes are thinner at the beginning, and their size matches the cell size. The four detection electrodes are thicker at the end, and their larger size facilitates their connection with external circuits. The upper electrode layer 1 is provided with several small positioning marks 15 and large positioning marks 17 to facilitate the mutual alignment between the upper electrode layer 1, the flow channel layer 2, and the lower electrode layer 3. The upper electrode layer 1 is provided with a sample inlet 18 and a sample outlet 16 to realize the sample input and output, respectively.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the flow channel layer 2 is provided with a flow channel inlet 21, a flow channel outlet 22, an outlet flow channel 23, a flow channel layer large positioning mark 23, a detection flow channel 24, an inlet flow channel 25, and an inlet flow channel 26. The flow channel inlet 21 and the flow channel outlet 22 are respectively opposite to the sample inlet 18 and the sample outlet 16 on the upper electrode layer 1. The inlet flow channel 25 and the outlet flow channel 23 are wider than the detection flow channel 24, which facilitates high-throughput sampling. The flow channel layer large positioning mark 23 corresponds to the upper electrode layer large positioning mark 17 on the upper electrode layer 1, which realizes the accurate alignment between the upper electrode layer 1 and the flow channel layer 2. The structure of the detection flow channel 24 is a straight flow channel or a serpentine flow channel shape, which is used to realize the accurate focusing of the micro-biological particles, so that the biological particles pass through the detection area at a fixed position, thereby increasing the accuracy during the electrical impedance detection.

[0027] As shown in Figure 4 The lower electrode layer 3 is provided with four detection electrodes, which are a lower electrode layer detection electrode one 31, a lower electrode layer detection electrode two 32, a lower electrode layer detection electrode three 33, and a lower electrode layer detection electrode four 34. The first ends of the four detection electrodes are thin, and their sizes match the size of the cells. The ends of the four detection electrodes are thick, and their large sizes facilitate their connection with external circuits. The lower electrode layer 3 is provided with a lower electrode layer small positioning mark 35 and a lower electrode layer large positioning mark 36, which facilitates the mutual alignment between the upper electrode layer 1, the flow channel layer 2, and the lower electrode layer 3. After alignment, the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer 1 and the lower electrode layer 3 are distributed in parallel face to face, and the ends of the detection flow channel 24 in the flow channel layer 2 are located in the middle of the detection electrodes in the upper electrode layer 1 and the lower electrode layer 3.

[0028] As shown in Figure 5 The assembly result of the three-dimensional printing manufactured flow electrical impedance detection device, the detection principle, and the detection result are shown in the schematic diagram. After the assembly of the upper electrode layer 1, the flow channel layer 2, and the lower electrode layer 3, the device in the XY plane is shown in Figure 5 (1), the first segment of the detection flow channel of the upper electrode layer 1 and the lower electrode layer 3 is accurately aligned. As shown in Figure 5(2) as shown is the detection principle schematic diagram of the detection area in XZ plane, the upper and lower detection electrodes are respectively aligned up and down, in addition to the flow impedance detection device itself, the external circuit of the impedance detection also includes two transimpedance amplifiers (TA), differential amplifier (Diff), signal generator (SG), mixer (Mixer), low pass filter (LPF), phase inverter (PI); in the embodiment, the upper electrode layer detection electrode one 11, the upper electrode layer detection electrode two 12 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode three 33, the lower electrode layer detection electrode four 34 are excitation electrodes and are applied with electric field, the upper electrode layer detection electrode three 13, the upper electrode layer detection electrode four 14 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one 31, the lower electrode layer detection electrode two 32 are induction electrodes, realizing the reception of induction signal; the signal generator (SG) sends detection signal, which is applied to the upper electrode layer detection electrode one 11 and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two 12 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode three 33 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four 34 after the phase inverter (PI), that is, the electric field applied on the upper electrode layer detection electrode one 11 and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two 12 and the electric field applied on the lower electrode layer detection electrode three 33 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four 34 are equal in size and opposite in phase; the upper electrode layer detection electrode three 13 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two 32 are short-circuited and amplified through the transimpedance amplifier (TA), and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four 14 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one 31 are short-circuited and amplified through the transimpedance amplifier (TA), wherein the upper electrode layer detection electrode three 13 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two 32 are short-circuited, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four 14 and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one 31 are short-circuited, which is the first difference; the signal after the first difference is then connected to the differential amplifier (Diff) for the second difference, and then the signal is amplified by the phase-locked amplifier composed of the signal generator (SG), the mixer (Mixer) and the low pass filter (LPF), and finally the weak impedance signal is obtained. As shown in Figure 5 (1-3) shown, since the flow impedance detection device of the application has a detection flow channel 24 with high aspect ratio, the microorganism particles such as cells are precisely focused in the flow channel and distributed on the upper and lower sides of the detection flow channel, respectively, that is Figure 5 (2) shown in position #1 and #2, the biological particles will produce disturbance of electric field when passing through position #1 and #2, due to the unique electric signal difference mode of the application described above, the signals generated by the same biological particle at position #1 and position #2 are equal in size and center-symmetric in shape (as Figure 5 (3) shown), so as to avoid the inaccurate detection caused by uneven distribution of electric field.

[0029] In the embodiment, the upper electrode layer 1 and the lower electrode layer 3 are three-dimensionally printed by heterogeneous materials, the electrode part is a conductive material, the non-electrode part is an insulating material, and the flow channel layer 2 is three-dimensionally printed by a non-conductive material. When the upper electrode layer 1, the flow channel layer 2, and the lower electrode layer 3 are assembled from top to bottom, a hot-pressing process is used for sealing, or a sealing glue is used for sealing.

[0030] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application, but does not constitute any other form of limitation on the present application, and any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present application still falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flow resistance impedance detection device manufactured by three-dimensional printing, characterized by, From top to bottom, it includes upper electrode layer (1), flow channel layer (2), lower electrode layer (3) three parts, the upper electrode layer (1) is provided with four detection electrodes; The upper electrode layer (1) is provided with small positioning mark (15) and upper electrode layer large positioning mark (17), which is convenient to realize the mutual alignment of the upper electrode layer (1), the flow channel layer (2) and the lower electrode layer (3); The upper electrode layer (1) is provided with sample inlet (18) and sample outlet (16), which realizes the input and output of sample respectively; The flow channel layer (2) is provided with flow channel inlet (21), flow channel outlet (22), outlet flow channel (23), flow channel layer large positioning mark (24), detection flow channel (25) and inlet flow channel (26); The flow channel inlet (21) and the flow channel outlet (22) are opposite to the sample inlet (18) and the sample outlet (16) on the upper electrode layer (1) respectively; The inlet flow channel (26) and the flow channel layer large positioning mark (24) correspond to the upper electrode layer large positioning mark (17) on the upper electrode layer (1), which realizes the accurate alignment between the upper electrode layer (1) and the flow channel layer (2); The lower electrode layer (3) is provided with four detection electrodes; The lower electrode layer (3) is provided with lower electrode layer small positioning mark (35) and lower electrode layer large positioning mark (36), which is convenient to realize the mutual alignment of the upper electrode layer (1), the flow channel layer (2) and the lower electrode layer (3); After alignment, the detection electrodes on the upper electrode layer (1) and the lower electrode layer (3) are distributed face to face and parallel, and the end of the detection flow channel (25) in the flow channel layer (2) is located in the middle of the detection electrodes in the upper electrode layer (1) and the lower electrode layer (3); The external circuit of the electrical impedance detection further comprises two transimpedance amplifiers TA, a differential amplifier Diff, a signal generator SG, a mixer Mixer, a low-pass filter LPF, a phase inverter PI, an upper electrode layer detection electrode one (11), an upper electrode layer detection electrode two (12), and a lower electrode layer detection electrode three (33) and a lower electrode layer detection electrode four (34) which are excitation electrodes and are applied with an electric field, an upper electrode layer detection electrode three (13) and an upper electrode layer detection electrode four (14), and a lower electrode layer detection electrode one (31) and a lower electrode layer detection electrode two (32) which are induction electrodes and realize the reception of an induction signal; the signal generator SG sends a detection signal which is applied to the upper electrode layer detection electrode one (11) and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two (12), and the lower electrode layer detection electrode three (33) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four (34) after passing through the phase inverter PI, that is, the electric field applied to the upper electrode layer detection electrode one (11) and the upper electrode layer detection electrode two (12) and the electric field applied to the lower electrode layer detection electrode three (33) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode four (34) are the same in size and opposite in phase; the upper electrode layer detection electrode three (13) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two (32) are short-circuited and amplified by the transimpedance amplifier TA, and the upper electrode layer detection electrode four (14) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one (31) are short-circuited and amplified by the transimpedance amplifier TA, wherein the short-circuiting of the upper electrode layer detection electrode three (13) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode two (32) and the short-circuiting of the upper electrode layer detection electrode four (14) and the lower electrode layer detection electrode one (31) are the first difference; the signal after the first difference is then connected to the differential amplifier Diff for the second difference, and then the signal is amplified by the phase-locked amplifier composed of the signal generator SG, the mixer Mixer, and the low-pass filter LPF, and finally the weak electrical impedance signal is obtained.

2. The flow cytometric impedance detection device of claim 1, wherein: The upper electrode layer (1) is provided with four detection electrodes, namely an upper electrode layer detection electrode one (11), an upper electrode layer detection electrode two (12), an upper electrode layer detection electrode three (13), and an upper electrode layer detection electrode four (14), the first ends of the four detection electrodes are thin and the sizes thereof are matched with the size of a cell, and the last ends of the four detection electrodes are thick.

3. The flow cytometric impedance detection device of claim 1, wherein: The lower electrode layer (3) is provided with four detection electrodes, namely a lower electrode layer detection electrode one (31), a lower electrode layer detection electrode two (32), a lower electrode layer detection electrode three (33), and a lower electrode layer detection electrode four (34), the first ends of the four detection electrodes are thin and the sizes thereof are matched with the size of a cell, and the last ends of the four detection electrodes are thick and are convenient for being connected with an external circuit.

4. The flow cytometric impedance detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The detection flow channel (25) is a straight flow channel or a serpentine flow channel with a high aspect ratio.

5. The flow cytometric impedance detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The upper electrode layer (1) and the lower electrode layer (3) are three-dimensionally printed from heterogeneous materials, the electrode parts are conductive materials, the non-electrode parts are insulating materials, the flow channel layer (2) is three-dimensionally printed from a non-conductive material, and the upper electrode layer (1), the flow channel layer (2), and the lower electrode layer (3) are assembled from top to bottom and sealed by a hot pressing process or sealed by a sealing glue.

Images