Magnet structure and preparation method thereof, functional module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a magnet structure and a preparation method thereof, a functional module and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of magnets, and in a magnet unit of the magnet structure, the magnetic declination of the magnet structure located between a central plane and any end face is continuously increased in the direction from the central plane to the end face. Magnetic induction lines with continuously changing magnetic declination angles exist in the magnet units located between the central plane and the end faces in the direction from the central plane to any end face, the magnetic induction lines converge on the first sides of the magnet units, the magnetism of the first sides of the magnet units is enhanced, the magnetism of the second sides of the magnet units is weakened, and the magnet units are Halbach magnets. And a strong magnetic field can be obtained by using the magnet unit with a small size. Each magnet unit is an integrated structural member, that is, the integrated magnet unit can be formed in an integrated forming mode, and compared with a Halbach magnet formed by assembling multiple magnets, bonding assembly is not needed, the assembly process can be simplified, the assembly difficulty can be reduced, and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of magnet technology, and in particular to a magnet structure and a preparation method thereof, a functional module, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Halbach array is a magnetic structure, which is a near-ideal structure in engineering. Its goal is to use the least amount of magnets to generate the strongest magnetic field. It is widely used in mobile driving scenarios. For example, in the camera modules and speaker modules of electronic products such as mobile phones and tablets, the magnetic field generated by Halbach magnets is used as the driving force for the movement of the structure inside the module to realize the function of the module.

[0003] Halbach magnets usually include multiple magnets. After magnetization, magnets with different magnetization directions are arranged in a certain order, and adjacent magnets are fixed together by bonding, so that the magnetic field on one side of the assembled magnets is significantly enhanced, while the magnetic field on the other side is significantly weakened, thus forming a Halbach magnet.

[0004] However, the Halbach magnet is obtained by bonding and assembling multiple magnets, the assembly process is complicated, and there is repulsion between magnets with different magnetization directions, making the assembly difficult. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a magnet structure and a preparation method thereof, a functional module, and an electronic device. The magnet unit of the magnet structure has the characteristics of a Halbach magnet, and the magnet unit is an integrated structural part, which simplifies the assembly process and reduces the difficulty of assembly.

[0006] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a magnet structure, comprising a plurality of magnet units, each magnet unit comprising a first side and a second side opposite to each other in a first direction. Each magnet unit comprises a center plane and two end faces opposite to each other in a second direction, and along the second direction, the center plane is located between the two end faces, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. From the center plane to any end face direction, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end face increases continuously.

[0007] That is to say, in the direction from the center plane to any end plane, the magnetization direction of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane changes continuously, and the magnetization direction gradually changes away from the center line, so that the magnetic declination angle increases continuously. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit can be distributed along the magnetization direction, so that in the direction from the center plane to any end plane, there are magnetic flux lines with a continuously changing magnetic declination angle inside the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane, and the magnetic flux lines converge on one side of the magnet unit, such as on the first side of the magnet unit. The magnetism of the first side of the magnet unit is enhanced, and the magnetism of the second side is weakened, so that the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side is greater than the magnetic field strength of the second side, and the performance of the Halbach magnet is achieved, so that the magnet unit can be used as a Halbach magnet, and a stronger magnetic field can be obtained with a smaller magnet unit.

[0008] In addition, each magnet unit is an integrated structural part, that is, an integrated magnet unit can be formed by an integrated molding method, and the magnet unit is a Halbach magnet with a single-sided strong magnetic field characteristic. Compared with assembling a plurality of magnets to form a Halbach magnet array, there is no need for bonding assembly, which can simplify the assembly process, reduce the assembly difficulty, improve the assembly efficiency, and improve the mechanical strength of the magnet unit.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the range of the magnetic declination angle includes: 0° to 90°. For example, from the center plane to any end plane, the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane can gradually increase from 0° to 90°. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit can be better converged on the first side, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side can be further improved, making the magnet unit closer to the ideal Halbach magnet. Using a smaller size can achieve a higher magnetic field strength, which can achieve better driving effects while meeting the current requirements for miniaturization design of functional modules and electronic equipment.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the magnet unit uses the central plane as the symmetry plane, and the magnetic declination angles of the two parts of the magnet unit symmetrical to the central plane are equal, that is, along the second direction, the magnetic declination angles of the two parts of the magnet unit located on both sides of the central plane and at equal distances from the central plane are equal. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit are symmetrically distributed, and the magnet unit is closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, which is conducive to further improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the magnet unit on the first side, enhancing the magnetic field strength on the first side, and reducing the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength on the second side.

[0011] Exemplarily, in the direction from one end to the other end, the magnetic flux density of the magnet unit on the first side changes in a sinusoidal half-cycle, so that the magnet unit can be an ideal streamlined Halbach magnet for one half-cycle, enhancing the magnetic field strength on the first side of the magnet unit and weakening the magnetic field strength on the second side.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit from the center plane to any end plane increases in an arithmetic progression, so that the magnet unit can be closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, which is beneficial to improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the ratio of the thickness of the magnet unit in the first direction to the width of the magnet unit in the second direction is less than or equal to 1. The thickness of the magnet unit can be less than or equal to the width of the magnet unit, and the magnet unit can be flat as a whole. On the one hand, it is helpful to reduce the occupied space of the magnet unit and the magnet structure, and to meet the requirements of thinning and miniaturization design of functional modules and electronic devices under the condition of achieving high magnetic field strength.

[0014] On the other hand, the width of the magnet unit is relatively long, which can facilitate the control of continuous change of magnetization direction during integrated molding, ensuring that the magnetic deflection angle of the magnet unit from the center plane to any end plane increases continuously, which is conducive to molding.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the ratio of the thickness of the magnet unit in the first direction to the width of the magnet unit in the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 2. This can meet the high magnetic field strength requirements and further reduce the thickness of the magnet unit, making it easier to use in functional modules and electronic devices and more conducive to molding.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the magnet unit includes a central part and two end parts distributed in the second direction, and the central part is symmetrical with respect to the central plane. The two end parts are respectively the two ends of the magnet unit along the second direction, and the two end faces are respectively located on the two opposite sides of the two ends. For example, the magnet unit can be divided into a plurality of parts distributed along the second direction, and the two parts located at the two end positions of the plurality of parts can be respectively the two end parts, and the part located in the middle position can be the central part. By controlling the characteristics such as the magnetic declination of the end part and the central part, it is beneficial to enhance the magnetic field strength on one side of the magnet unit, so that the magnet unit is closer to the ideal Halbach magnet.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the residual magnetization intensity of the central portion is greater than 1.0 T, ensuring that the magnet unit has a higher magnetic field intensity and achieving high magnetism on the first side.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the residual magnetization intensity of the central portion is greater than 1.3 T, so that the magnet unit has a higher magnetic field intensity, which is conducive to the realization of generating a larger field intensity with a smaller size.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the magnetic declination angle α1 of the central part ranges from 0°≤α1≤10°. Making the magnetic declination angle of the central part smaller is more conducive to improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the single side (first side) of the magnet unit, improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side, and generating a greater field strength with a smaller size.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the range of the magnetic declination angle α1 of the central portion includes: α1 = 0°, so that the magnet unit is closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side is further improved.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the range of the magnetic declination angle α2 of the end includes: 60°≤α2≤90°. Making the magnetic declination angle of the end close to or equal to 90° is further beneficial to improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the magnet unit on one side (first side), improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side, and generating a greater field strength with a smaller size. And the magnetization direction of the end is close to parallel to the second direction, which can reduce or avoid the repulsive force generated when the magnet unit is assembled with the magnet unit or other magnetic structure through the end, which is beneficial to improve the bonding strength, reduce the difficulty of assembly, improve assembly efficiency and reduce costs.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the range of the magnetic deflection angle α2 of the end includes: α2 = 90°. The magnet unit is closer to the ideal Halbach magnet, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side is further improved. In addition, when the magnet unit is assembled with the magnet unit or other magnetic structure through the end, there is no repulsion, the bonding strength is high, the assembly process is simple, the efficiency is high and the cost is low.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the relative density of the magnet unit is greater than 90%. The larger relative density of the magnet unit can further ensure that the magnet unit has a higher magnetic field strength and achieve high magnetism on one side of the magnet unit.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the relative density of the magnet unit is greater than 95%, so that the magnet unit has a higher magnetic field strength, which is conducive to the realization of a smaller size generating a larger magnetic field strength.

[0025] In a possible implementation, there are multiple magnet units, and the end face of one end of one magnet unit is connected to the end face of another magnet unit, and the polarities of the two connected end faces are opposite. The two connected end faces have opposite polarities and attract each other, which can reduce or avoid the repulsive effect of the connected magnet units, improve the bonding strength and reduce the difficulty of assembly, improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the cost.

[0026] The angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends is less than or equal to 45°. Making the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends smaller is beneficial to reducing the repulsive effect between the two magnet units and reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnet structure.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the magnet structure further includes a plurality of one-way magnets, and the end face of one end of at least one magnet unit is connected to the end face of one end of the one-way magnet, and the polarities of the two connected end faces are opposite. The two connected end faces have opposite polarities and attract each other, which can reduce or avoid the repulsive effect between the connected magnet unit and the one-way magnet, improve the bonding strength and reduce the difficulty of assembly, improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the cost.

[0028] The angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends is less than or equal to 45°. Making the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends smaller is beneficial to reducing the repulsive effect between the connected magnetic units and the one-way magnets, and is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnetic structure.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the shape of the magnet unit includes a cuboid, a cylinder, or a cup. The occupied thickness and space are relatively small, and it is convenient to be applied to functional modules such as camera modules and electronic devices, and has high universal applicability.

[0030] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a magnet structure, wherein the magnet structure includes a magnet unit, and the method includes:

[0031] Magnetic powder is available.

[0032] The magnetic powder is molded to obtain a precursor.

[0033] Under the conditions of a first preset temperature and a first preset pressure, the precursor is deformed to obtain a magnet unit.

[0034] This method applies a certain temperature (such as a first preset temperature) and pressure (such as a first preset pressure) to the precursor. Under certain temperature and pressure conditions, it can change and regulate the flow direction of the magnetic powder atoms in the precursor, thereby regulating the magnetization orientation, shaping the shape while limiting the magnetization orientation characteristics, so that the magnet unit obtained after the precursor is deformed has the desired magnetization orientation characteristics. In this way, by reasonably controlling the first preset temperature, the first preset pressure and other conditions, a magnet unit with a continuously changing magnetization direction from the center plane to any end plane can be obtained. The magnetic declination of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane in the direction from the center plane to any end plane is continuously increased, the magnetic field strength on the first side of the magnet unit is enhanced, and the magnetic field strength on the second side is weakened, and the magnet unit obtained is a Halbach magnet.

[0035] Compared with the related art in which magnetic powder is oriented in a magnetic field and then sintered to form a Halbach magnet, in the molding method of the magnet structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, during the process of molding the magnetic powder into a magnet unit, the magnetization orientation is regulated by regulating the temperature, pressure and other conditions during the molding process, so that the molded magnet unit is a Halbach magnet, without the need for an external orientation magnetic field, and the molding method is simpler, more convenient and less costly.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the first preset temperature includes: 700℃~900℃, which can well control the atomic flow direction, ensure that the magnetic deflection angle from the center plane to the end plane in the obtained magnet unit gradually increases, so that the first side of the magnet unit has a high magnetic field strength, and realize the unilateral high magnetism of the magnet unit.

[0037] The first preset pressure includes: 100MPa-300MPa. The atomic flow direction can be well controlled to ensure that the first side of the obtained magnet unit has a high magnetic field strength, thereby achieving high magnetism on one side of the magnet unit.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the deformation rate of the precursor includes 10 4 ~10 -1 / s. This is beneficial to achieving the magnetization orientation required by the magnet unit and ensuring that the first side of the magnet unit obtained after deformation has a high magnetic field strength.

[0039] In a possible implementation, forming magnetic powder to obtain a precursor includes:

[0040] Pressurizing the magnetic powder to form a cold billet.

[0041] Under the conditions of a second preset temperature and a second preset pressure, the cold billet is densified to obtain a precursor.

[0042] That is, after the magnetic powder is formed, the formed cold billet is densified to form a more dense precursor, which is conducive to improving the density of the precursor, so that the final formed magnet unit has a higher relative density, ensuring the high magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side. And first forming a cold billet and then densifying it to obtain a dense precursor has a higher molding rate than directly obtaining a dense precursor through magnetic powder, which is convenient for the molding of a dense precursor.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the density of the cold billet includes 3.0 g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3 , ensuring that the cold billet has a certain density, so that the required precursor can be obtained through the cold billet, and then the magnet unit can be obtained through the deformation of the precursor.

[0044] The density of the precursor includes 7.0g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm3 , the obtained precursor has a higher density, ensuring that the magnet unit obtained through the precursor has a higher density, which is beneficial to improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit.

[0045] The density of the magnet unit is 7.2g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm 3 , which makes the relative density of the magnet unit higher, and is conducive to achieving high magnetism on one side of the magnet unit.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the second preset temperature includes: 600° C. to 900° C., and the second preset pressure includes: 100 MPa to 300 MPa, which ensures that a good densification effect can be achieved and a precursor with higher density can be obtained.

[0047] In a possible implementation, after the precursor is deformed under the conditions of the first preset temperature and the first preset pressure, the method further includes: performing surface processing and surface treatment on the deformed precursor. Through the surface processing and surface treatment, the surface of the obtained magnet unit can be made smoother, and a special film layer such as a protective layer can be formed on the surface.

[0048] In a possible implementation, after the deformed precursor is subjected to surface processing and surface treatment, the method further includes: magnetizing the surface treated precursor. Magnetizing the magnet unit to saturate magnetization can obtain a magnet unit with magnetism, so that the magnet unit can generate a magnetic field with high unilateral magnetic field intensity.

[0049] In a possible implementation, there are multiple magnet units, and after obtaining the magnet units, the method further includes: bonding the multiple magnet units to obtain a magnet structure. That is, firstly, multiple magnet units with magnetism are obtained, and then the multiple magnet units are bonded and assembled together to obtain a magnet structure. The operation steps are simple and easy to assemble.

[0050] In a possible implementation, there are multiple magnet units, and deforming the precursor to obtain the magnet units includes:

[0051] The deformed plurality of precursors are subjected to surface processing to obtain a plurality of second preforms.

[0052] A plurality of second preforms are bonded and surface treated.

[0053] The plurality of second preforms after surface treatment are magnetized to obtain a plurality of magnet units, and the plurality of magnet units are connected.

[0054] By the above method, multiple second preforms can be first bonded and then magnetized to obtain multiple magnetic magnet units to form a magnetic magnet structure. Bonding first and then magnetizing can reduce or avoid the mutual repulsion of magnetism between magnet units during assembly, which is conducive to improving the strength of bonding and the reliability of the entire magnet structure. In addition, surface processing of the precursor before bonding is conducive to improving the strength of bonding and the reliability of the magnet structure.

[0055] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a functional module, including a moving part and any one of the above-mentioned magnetic structures, wherein the magnetic structure is used to drive the moving part to move.

[0056] A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a housing and any one of the above-mentioned magnetic structures, wherein the magnetic structure is assembled in the housing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of a Halbach magnet in the related art;

[0059] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle magnet unit along the AA plane;

[0061] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of magnetic flux distribution of the central magnet unit;

[0062] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnetic flux density curve of the middle magnet unit on the first side;

[0063] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic front view of the middle magnet unit;

[0064] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another magnet unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and magnetic flux lines of the central magnet unit;

[0066] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and magnetic flux lines direction of another magnet unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the magnet structure along the BB plane;

[0069] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of magnetic flux distribution of the medium magnet structure;

[0070] Fig.14 for Fig.12 A magnetic flux density graph of the middle magnet structure on the first side;

[0071] Fig.15 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Fig.16 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Fig.17 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Fig.18 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a method for preparing a magnetic structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of pressurizing magnetic powder in a method for preparing a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of a cold billet densification process in a method for preparing a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of deforming a precursor in a method for preparing a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] Description of reference numerals:

[0080] 100- electronic equipment;

[0081] 101-housing; 101b-middle frame; 101a-back cover; 102-camera module;

[0082] 103-magnet structure;

[0083] 10-magnet unit; 10a-first side; 10b-second side; 11-center surface; 12-end surface;

[0084] 13 - center part; 14 - end; 18 - unidirectional magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The terms used in the implementation section of this application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0086] To facilitate understanding, the relevant technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained and illustrated.

[0087] Magnet refers to a substance or material that can generate a magnetic field, such as magnets, lodestones, etc. Magnets have two polarities, the magnetic north pole N and the magnetic south pole S.

[0088] Magnetic field, there is a magnetic field in the space that can generate magnetic force. There is a magnetic field around the magnet, and the interaction between magnets is mediated by the magnetic field.

[0089] Magnetic field intensity is a physical quantity that describes the magnetic field and reflects the strength of the magnetic field source.

[0090] Magnetic flux lines, draw some curves in the magnetic field so that the tangent direction of any point on the curve is the same as the magnetic field direction at that point. These curves are called magnetic flux lines. Magnetic flux lines are closed curves. The magnetic flux lines around the magnet come out from the N pole and enter the S pole. Inside the magnet, the magnetic flux lines go from the S pole to the N pole.

[0091] The magnetization direction is the orientation direction of the magnet. The magnet can be magnetized along the magnetization direction. The magnetic flux lines inside the magnet can be distributed along the magnetization direction.

[0092] Magnetic flux density, also known as magnetic induction intensity or magnetic flux density, refers to the physical quantity that describes the strength and direction of the magnetic field. It is a vector and is usually represented by the symbol B.

[0093] Residual magnetization refers to the magnetization intensity that can be maintained in the original direction of the external magnetic field after the magnet is magnetized to saturation and the external magnetic field is removed. The unit is Tesla (T).

[0094] Magnetization is to magnetize magnetic materials or increase the magnetism of magnets with insufficient magnetism.

[0095] Halbach magnet is a special magnet. The magnetic field strength on one side of the Halbach magnet is stronger, and the magnetic field strength on the other side is weaker. The ideal Halbach magnet can achieve the effect of using the least magnets to produce the strongest magnetic field. It has the characteristics of strong magnetic field performance and miniaturization. It can well meet the needs of thinning and miniaturization of electronic equipment and can be widely used in electronic equipment.

[0096] Exemplarily, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablet personal computers, laptop computers, all-in-one computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, walkie-talkies, netbooks, POS machines, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as watches, bracelets, smart watches, smart bracelets, etc.), virtual reality (VR) devices (such as VR glasses, VR helmets, etc.), augmented reality (AR) devices (such as AR glasses, AR helmets, etc.), mixed reality (MR) devices, vehicle-mounted devices, surveillance camera equipment, and other electronic devices.

[0097] The electronic device may be a non-foldable electronic device, such as a mobile phone, which may be a straight-screen mobile phone. For example, the mobile phone may include a housing, which may be a main supporting structure of the mobile phone, and the housing may be a flat plate structure, which cannot be folded, so that the electronic device as a whole cannot be folded.

[0098] Alternatively, the electronic device may also be a foldable electronic device, such as a mobile phone, which may be a foldable folding mobile phone. Exemplarily, the mobile phone may include at least two shells, which may rotate relative to each other and fold or unfold each other, so that the electronic device can be folded or unfolded.

[0099] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device is a mobile phone, for example, the electronic device is a non-foldable straight-bar mobile phone. Figure 1 As shown, the electronic device 100 may include a housing 101 , and the housing 101 may have a receiving space (not shown in the figure), and the receiving space may be used to assemble and receive various structural components of the electronic device 100 .

[0101] The electronic device 100 may further include a display screen (not shown in the figure), which may be disposed on one side of the housing 101, and may enclose the aforementioned accommodation space, and the display screen is used to display information and provide an interactive interface for the user. The side of the display screen facing away from the housing 101 may serve as a display surface of the electronic device 100.

[0102] The display screen may include but is not limited to an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MID) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MID) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MID) display screen, or a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, etc.

[0103] Exemplarily, the housing 101 may include a middle frame 101b and a back cover 101a, and the middle frame 101b may be arranged on one side of the back cover 101a. The middle frame 101b may be an annular frame structure, and the back cover 101a may be a rectangular plate structure. Of course, in some other examples, the back cover 101a may also be a plate structure in a square, circular, oval, rounded rectangular, or other shapes.

[0104] The display screen can be located on the side of the middle frame 101b facing away from the back cover 101a, that is, the display screen and the back cover 101a are respectively fixed on opposite sides of the middle frame 101b. In the embodiment of the present application, the display surface of the display screen in the electronic device 100 can be used as the front side of the electronic device 100, and the side of the back cover 101a facing away from the display screen can be used as the back side of the electronic device 100.

[0105] The back cover 101a and the middle frame 101b can be integrally formed, so that the housing 101 is an integral structural member. Alternatively, the back cover 101a and the middle frame 101b can also be formed separately, and the back cover 101a and the middle frame 101b can be fixedly assembled together to form the housing 101 by welding, clamping, bonding, etc.

[0106] The electronic device 100 includes a magnetic structure (not shown in the figure), which can be assembled with the housing 101. For example, the magnetic structure can be arranged in the accommodation space of the housing 101. The magnetic structure can include a Halbach magnet.

[0107] By utilizing the magnetic field performance of the magnetic structure, the performance of the electronic device can be improved or enhanced. For example, in some examples, the magnetic structure can be used to achieve the movement drive of a moving part in the electronic device 100 that has a movement requirement.

[0108] For example, the magnetic structure can be matched with the driving coil to realize the moving drive of the moving part by utilizing the performance of electromagnetic driving. Exemplarily, the electronic device 100 can also include a plurality of functional modules (not shown in the figure), which can be structures for realizing the functions required by the electronic device, and the functional modules can include the magnetic structure.

[0109] Exemplarily, the functional module may further include a moving part and a driving coil, and the moving part is arranged in a movable manner, and the function of the functional module can be realized or the functional module can be optimized by the movement of the moving part. The moving part can cooperate with the driving coil, and the driving coil can be electrically connected to the mainboard of the electronic device 100. When the driving coil is energized, the driving coil and the moving part can be moved under the action of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic structure, thereby driving the moving part to move.

[0110] For example, in some examples, the electronic device 100 may include a camera module 102 , which may be the functional module for realizing functions such as photographing. The camera module 102 may be at least partially located in the accommodation space of the shell 101 .

[0111] The number of the camera module 102 may be one, or the number of the camera module 102 may be multiple to meet different shooting requirements.

[0112] For example, the camera module 102 may be a front camera lens, and the light inlet of the camera module 102 may be located on the front of the electronic device. For example, a through hole connected to the storage space of the electronic device may be opened on the display screen, the camera module 102 may be located in the storage space, and the light inlet of the camera module 102 may face the through hole on the display screen, so that light can be irradiated into the camera module 102 through the through hole on the display screen.

[0113] Alternatively, in some examples, no through hole may be provided on the display screen, and the light inlet of the camera module 102 may face the display screen, so that light may be irradiated into the camera module 102 through the display screen.

[0114] The camera module 102 may be a rear camera, for example, the light inlet of the camera module 102 may be located on the back of the electronic device 100. For example, a through hole communicating with the accommodation space of the electronic device may be provided on the back cover 101a, the camera module 102 may be located in the accommodation space, and the light inlet of the camera module 102 may face the through hole on the back cover 101a, so that light may be irradiated into the camera module 102 through the through hole on the back cover 101a.

[0115] Alternatively, in some examples, the camera module 102 may be partially located within the accommodation space, and a portion of the camera module 102 may extend out of the accommodation space through a through hole on the back cover 101a , so that light may be irradiated into the camera module 102 .

[0116] The camera module 102 may include an image sensor, a lens assembly and an aperture structure, wherein the lens assembly may include a plurality of lenses with optical focal lengths, and the lenses may adjust the optical path to achieve optical imaging.

[0117] The image sensor may be located on one side of the lens assembly, and the image sensor may have a photosensitive surface. The optical image formed by the light passing through the lens assembly may be irradiated onto the photosensitive surface of the image sensor. The photosensitive surface of the image sensor receives the optical image and converts it into an image electrical signal output, thereby realizing the functions of the camera such as taking pictures or shooting videos.

[0118] The aperture structure can be located on the side of the lens assembly away from the image sensor. The aperture structure can have a light hole for light to pass through. When using the camera to take pictures or videos, the light reflected by the object enters the camera and can first irradiate the aperture module, and the light passing through the light hole irradiates the lens module, and the light passing through the lens module then irradiates the image sensor.

[0119] The aperture structure can be a variable aperture, that is, the aperture size of the light hole of the aperture structure can be adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the amount of light entering, the brightness distribution of light, etc.

[0120] Exemplarily, the lens assembly may include the above-mentioned moving parts, for example, at least part of the lens of the lens assembly may be a moving part, and at least part of the lens may cooperate with the driving coil. Under the action of the magnetic field of the magnetic structure, at least part of the lens may be moved, for example, along the optical axis of the lens assembly, to achieve functions such as focusing and adjusting the focus.

[0121] Alternatively, in some examples, the aperture structure may include the above-mentioned moving parts, for example, the aperture structure may include a plurality of rotatable blades, and the plurality of blades may form a light hole of the aperture structure. The blades may be moving parts, and the plurality of blades may cooperate with the driving coil, and under the action of the magnetic field of the magnet structure, the plurality of blades may be rotated to adjust the aperture size of the light hole.

[0122] Of course, in some other examples, the lens or blades can be driven by other means of motion through the magnet structure. Alternatively, other structural parts in the camera module can also be moving parts.

[0123] As in some examples, the electronic device 100 may include a speaker module (not shown in the figure), which may be a functional module used to restore audio electrical signals such as music and voice into sound, thereby realizing the audio speaker function of the electronic device 100.

[0124] The number of the speaker modules may be one, or the number of the speaker modules may be multiple.

[0125] Exemplarily, a sound outlet hole 104 may be opened on the housing 101 , and the sound outlet hole 104 may be connected to the speaker module, so that the sound signal output by the speaker module can be output to the outside of the electronic device 100 through the sound outlet hole 104 .

[0126] The speaker module may include a diaphragm, and the vibration of the diaphragm can drive the air in the speaker module chamber to vibrate, thereby generating a sound signal. The diaphragm may be the above-mentioned moving part, and the diaphragm may cooperate with the driving coil, and under the action of the magnetic field of the magnetic structure, the diaphragm may vibrate back and forth, thereby generating sound and realizing the sound playback function.

[0127] Of course, in some other examples, other structural parts in the speaker module may also be movable parts.

[0128] It is understandable that the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine some components, or separate some components, or arrange the components differently.

[0129] For example, the electronic device 100 may also include devices such as sensors, communication modules, speakers, microphones, flashlights, etc. Other module structures in the electronic device 100 may also be the above functional modules, for example, microphones, etc. may also be the above functional modules.

[0130] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnetic structures or the magnetic structures can be combined with other types of magnetic structures to drive the relative movement of the moving parts and other structural parts in the electronic device 100 by using magnetic attraction or repulsion.

[0131] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnetic structure can be used in conjunction with other magnetic structures to achieve locking and combining of two structural members in the electronic device. For example, in a foldable electronic device, the magnetic structures can be respectively arranged in the two shells, and when the two shells are folded relative to each other so that the electronic device 100 is in a folded state, the two magnetic structures can attract each other to ensure that the two shells are not easily opened, so that the electronic device 100 can stably maintain the folded state.

[0132] Figure 2Schematic diagram of magnetic field line distribution of a Halbach magnet in related technology.

[0133] Most of the current Halbach magnets are magnet assembly structures. Figure 2 As shown, the Halbach magnet 200 may include a plurality of magnets 201, the magnetization direction of the magnet is shown by the arrow in the figure, and the dotted line in the figure indicates the magnetic force line. By arranging magnets with different magnetization directions, the field strength of the Halbach magnet 200 in a single direction can be enhanced, so that the magnetic force lines converge to a single side, thereby enhancing the magnetism on a single side.

[0134] The manufacturing method of the Halbach magnet is usually to first manufacture a plurality of magnets, and then assemble the plurality of magnets together by bonding to form a magnet array. The assembly process is relatively complicated, the assembly efficiency is low, and there is repulsion between magnets with different magnetization directions, which makes the assembly difficult. It is also easy to cause misalignment, and there is a large difference between the obtained Halbach magnet and the ideal Halbach magnet, and the magnetic field strength on one side needs to be further improved.

[0135] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a magnet structure, including a plurality of magnet units, the magnet unit including two opposite sides in a first direction, the magnet unit also including a center plane and two opposite end planes in a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular. From the center plane to any end plane, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane increases continuously. That is, in the direction from the center plane to any end plane, the magnetization direction between the center plane and the end plane changes continuously, so that the magnetic declination increases continuously. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit can be distributed along the magnetization direction, so that in the direction from the center plane to any end plane, there are magnetic flux lines with a continuously changing magnetic declination angle inside the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane, so that the magnetic flux lines converge on one side of the magnet unit, such as on the first side of the magnet unit. The magnetism of the first side of the magnet unit is enhanced, and the magnetism of the second side is weakened, so that the magnetic field strength of the first side of the magnet unit is ensured to be greater than the magnetic field strength of the second side, so as to achieve the performance of the Halbach magnet, so that the magnet unit can be used as a Halbach magnet, and a stronger magnetic field can be obtained with a smaller size of magnet unit. In addition, each magnet unit is an integrated structural part, that is, an integrated magnet unit can be formed by one-piece molding. Compared with the Halbach magnet array formed by assembling multiple magnets, it does not require adhesive assembly, can simplify the assembly process, reduce the difficulty of assembly, improve the assembly efficiency, and can improve the mechanical strength of the magnet unit.

[0136] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0137] See also Figure 3 As shown, the magnet structure 103 includes a plurality of magnet units 10, wherein: Figure 31 shows an example in which the magnet structure 103 includes a magnet unit 10, and the magnet unit 10 may include a first side 10a and a second side 10b opposite to each other in a first direction. In the embodiment of the present application, the first direction may be the thickness direction of the magnet unit 10, as shown in the z direction in the figure.

[0138] Each magnet unit 10 may include two end faces 12 facing each other along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction. Each magnet unit 10 may also include a center plane 11, which may be a plane passing through the center line of the magnet unit 10, and the center plane 11 is located between the two end faces 12 along the second direction.

[0139] The center plane 11 may intersect the second direction. For example, the angle between the center plane 11 and the second direction may be 90°, and the center plane 11 may be perpendicular to the second direction. Of course, in some other examples, the angle between the center plane 11 and the second direction may not be 90°.

[0140] In the embodiment of the present application, the central plane 11 is perpendicular to the second direction. For example, the magnet unit 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped. Figure 3 As shown, the length direction of the magnet unit 10 can be the y direction in the figure, and the width direction of the magnet unit 10 can be the x direction in the figure, and the length direction and the width direction are both perpendicular to the first direction (thickness direction). It can be understood that the length, width, and thickness in the embodiments of the present application are only for convenience of description and do not mean any limitation on the size. For example, the length can be greater than, equal to, or less than the width.

[0141] The second direction may be consistent with the width direction (x direction). Of course, in some examples, the second direction may also be consistent with the length direction (y direction). In the example of the present application, the second direction is consistent with the width direction, such as the x direction in the figure. The two end faces 12 are end face 12a and end face 12b, and the end face 12a and the end face 12b may be opposite to each other in the second direction (x direction).

[0142] Exemplarily, the end face 12a and the end face 12b can be symmetrically arranged with the center plane 11 as the symmetry plane, and the center plane 11 can be parallel to the end face 12a and the end face 12b respectively, such as the center plane 11, the end face 12a and the end face 12b can be parallel to the yz plane respectively. That is, the center plane 11 can be a plane passing through the center line and parallel to the two end faces 12. Of course, in some examples, the end face 12a and the end face 12b may not be symmetrical with the center plane 11. In the embodiment of the present application, the end face 12a and the end face 12b are symmetrically arranged with the center plane 11 as an example for explanation.

[0143] Figure 4 for Figure 3Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle magnet unit along the AA plane, where the AA plane can be parallel to the xz plane.

[0144] See also Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The line L1 in FIG. 1 is a vertical projection line of the center plane 11 along the length direction (y direction). The line L1 may be parallel to the first direction (z direction). The arrow in the magnet unit 10 indicates a partial magnetization direction inside the magnet unit 10 .

[0145] In the direction from the center plane 11 (i.e., the center line L1) to any end face 12, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 located between the center plane 11 and the end face 12 increases continuously, wherein the magnetic declination refers to the angle between the magnetization direction and the first direction, for example, Figure 4 The center line L2 is one of the magnetization direction extension lines of the magnet unit 10 . The magnetic declination of this part is the angle between the line L2 and the z direction, that is, the line L2 and the line L1 , as shown by the angle α3 in the figure.

[0146] That is to say, in the direction from the center plane 11 to any end face 12, the magnetization direction of the magnet unit between the center plane 11 and the end face 12 changes continuously, and the magnetization direction changes continuously away from the center line L1, so that the magnetic declination angle increases continuously. The magnetic declination angle of the part of the magnet unit 10 that is farther away from the center plane 11 is larger.

[0147] For example, the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and one of the end planes 12 can be divided into a plurality of parts distributed in sequence along the second direction (x direction), and the magnetic declination of the plurality of parts of the magnet unit 10 gradually increases from the center plane 11 to the end plane 12. It should be noted that, since the magnetization direction and the magnetic declination are continuously changing, the magnetic declination of a part of the magnet unit 10 can be the average value of the magnetic declination of the part of the magnet unit 10.

[0148] That is, in the direction from the center plane 11 (center line L1) to the end face 12a, the magnetization direction of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12a changes continuously, and the magnetic declination angle increases continuously. For example, the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12a can be divided into a plurality of parts distributed in sequence along the second direction (x direction), and the magnetization angles of the plurality of parts increase continuously.

[0149] In the direction from the center plane 11 (center line L1) to the end face 12b, the magnetization direction of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12b changes continuously, so that the magnetic deflection angle increases continuously. For example, the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12b can be divided into a plurality of parts distributed in sequence along the second direction (x direction), and the magnetization angles of the plurality of parts increase continuously.

[0150] Figure 5for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the magnetic flux lines distribution of the central magnet unit.

[0151] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit 10 can be distributed along the magnetization direction, so that in the direction from the center plane 11 (center line L1) to the end face 12a, there are magnetic flux lines with a continuously changing magnetic deflection angle inside the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12a. In the direction from the center plane 11 (center line L1) to the end face 12b, there are magnetic flux lines with a continuously changing magnetic deflection angle inside the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12b. The magnetic flux lines are converged on one side of the magnet unit 10, such as on the first side 10a of the magnet unit 10. The magnetism of the first side 10a of the magnet unit 10 is enhanced, and the magnetism of the second side 10b is weakened, so that the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a is greater than the magnetic field strength of the second side 10b, and the performance of the Halbach magnet is achieved, so that the magnet unit 10 can be used as a Halbach magnet, and a stronger magnetic field can be obtained with a smaller size of the magnet unit 10.

[0152] Each magnet unit 10 is an integrated structural part, that is, an integrated magnet unit 10 can be formed by an integrated molding method, and the magnet unit 10 is a Halbach magnet, which has a single-sided strong magnetic field characteristic. Compared with assembling a plurality of magnets to form a Halbach magnet array, there is no need for adhesive assembly, which can simplify the assembly process, reduce the assembly difficulty, improve the assembly efficiency, and improve the mechanical strength of the magnet unit 10.

[0153] The molding material of the magnet unit 10 may include but is not limited to neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, samarium cobalt permanent magnet material, rare earth permanent magnet material (such as SmFeN), etc.

[0154] The magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 can vary from 0° to 90°. For example, from the center plane 11 to the end face 12a (or end face 12b), the magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12a (or end face 12b) can gradually increase from 0° to 90°. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit 10 can be better converged on the first side 10a, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a can be further improved, making the magnet unit 10 closer to the ideal Halbach magnet. Using a smaller size can achieve a higher magnetic field strength, which can achieve better driving effects while meeting the current requirements for miniaturization design of functional modules and electronic equipment.

[0155] The specific increasing and changing manner of the magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 is not limited. For example, in the direction from the center plane 11 to any end plane 12, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end plane 12 can be gradually increased in an arithmetic difference. This makes the magnet unit 10 closer to the ideal Halbach magnet, which is conducive to improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a.

[0156] For example, taking the partial magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end plane 12a as an example, the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end plane 12a can be equally divided into six parts distributed along the second direction. From the center plane 11 to the end plane 12a, the magnetic declination of the six parts gradually increases, and the difference in the magnetic declination between two adjacent parts is equal.

[0157] Of course, in some other examples, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit 10 may also be increased in other variations, such as increasing in a proportional manner.

[0158] In some examples, the magnet unit 10 may be a symmetrical structure with the central plane 11 as the symmetry plane. For example, the shape of the magnet unit 10 may be a rectangular parallelepiped (see Figure 3 As shown), the center plane 11 passing through the center line of the cuboid is taken as the symmetry plane.

[0159] Continue to see Figure 5 As shown, the magnetization direction inside the magnet unit 10 can also be symmetrical with the center plane 11, and the change in the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit 10 located between the center plane 11 (center line L1) and the end face 12a in the direction from the center plane 11 (center line L1) to the end face 12a is consistent with the change in the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit 10 located between the center plane 11 (center line L1) and the end face 12b in the direction from the center plane 11 to the end 14b.

[0160] In this way, the magnetic declination angles of the two parts of the magnet unit 10 located on both sides of the center plane 11 and symmetrical with the center plane 11 can be equal, that is, along the second direction (x direction), the magnetic declination angles of the two parts of the magnet unit 10 located on both sides of the center plane 11 and with equal distances from the center plane 11 are equal. The magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit 10 are symmetrically distributed, and the magnet unit 10 is closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, which is conducive to further improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a, enhancing the magnetic field strength on the first side 10a, and reducing the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength on the second side 10b.

[0161] For example, the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 (center line L1) and the end face 12a can be divided into a plurality of parts distributed in the second direction (x direction), such as being equally divided into six parts. The magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 (center line L1) and the end face 12b can be divided into a plurality of parts of equal number distributed in the second direction (x direction), such as also being equally divided into six parts. The magnetic declination angles of the six parts in the direction from the center plane 11 to the end face 12a correspond to and are equal to the magnetic declination angles of the six parts in the direction from the center plane 11 to the end face 12b.

[0162] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Magnetic flux density curve of the middle magnet unit on the first side.

[0163] For example, taking the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and any end plane 12 as 0° to 90°, the magnetic flux density of the magnet unit 10 on the first side is detected. Figure 6 As shown, the horizontal axis in the figure is the position of each partial magnet unit 10 from the end 14a to the end 14b along the second direction, and the vertical axis in the figure is the magnetic flux density corresponding to each partial magnet unit 10 on the first side.

[0164] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that in the direction from end 14a to end 14b, the magnetic flux density of the magnet unit 10 on the first side changes in a sinusoidal half-cycle, so that the magnet unit 10 can be an ideal streamlined Halbach magnet for one half-cycle, enhancing the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a and weakening the magnetic field strength on the second side 10b.

[0165] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front view of the central magnet unit.

[0166] In some examples, the magnet unit 10 can be divided into multiple parts, for example, see Figure 7 As shown, the magnet unit 10 may include at least a central portion 13 and two end portions 14, such as end portions 14a and 14b. The central portion 13, end portions 14a, and end portions 14b are distributed along a second direction (x direction), and end portions 14a and end portions 14b are located on both sides of the central portion 13, respectively.

[0167] The end 14a and the end 14b can be located at the two ends of the magnet unit 10 along the second direction (x direction), and the central portion 13 can be symmetrically arranged with the central plane 11 as the symmetry plane. The end face 12a can be located on the side of the end 14a opposite to the end 14b, and the end face 12b can be located on the side of the end 14b opposite to the end 14a. The end 14a and the end 14b can be symmetrical with the central plane 11, so that the entire magnet unit 10 is symmetrical with the central plane 11.

[0168] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the extension width of the central portion 13, the end portion 14a, and the end portion 14b in the second direction is not limited. Some magnet units 10 may be provided between the end portions 14a, 14b, and the central portion 13, or there may be no magnet unit 10 between the end portions 14a, 14b. The extension width of some magnet units 10 between the end portions 14a and the central portion 13, and between the end portions 14b and the central portion 13 in the second direction is also not limited.

[0169] Exemplarily, the magnet unit 10 may be divided into a plurality of parts distributed along the second direction (x direction), the two parts located at the two ends of the plurality of parts may be the end 14a and the end 14b, respectively, and the part located in the middle may be the center part 13. For example, the magnet unit 10 may be equally divided into thirteen parts along the second direction (x direction), such as being arranged in sequence from the first part to the thirteenth part, the seventh part located in the middle may be the center part 13, and the first part and the thirteenth part located at the two ends may be the end 14a and the end 14b, respectively.

[0170] The magnetic declination angle of the central part 13 is α1 (refer to Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the magnetic declination angle α1 of the central portion 13 can be in the range of 0°≤α1≤10°. Making the magnetic declination angle of the central portion 13 smaller is more conducive to improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the single side (first side) of the magnet unit 10, and improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a, and a smaller size can generate a greater field strength.

[0171] Exemplarily, the magnetic deflection angle α1 of the central portion 13 may be 0°, so that the magnet unit 10 is closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10 a is further improved.

[0172] The magnetic declination angle of the end 14a is α2 (refer to Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the magnetic declination angle α2 of the end 14a may be in the range of 60°≤α2≤90°. Correspondingly, the magnetic declination angle of the end 14b may also be in the range of 60°≤α2≤90°. The magnetic declination angle of the end 14a may be the same as the magnetic declination angle of the end 14b, or, in some examples, may be different.

[0173] The magnetic declination angle of the end 14 is close to or equal to 90°, which is further conducive to improving the single-side magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the magnet unit 10, and improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a, so that a smaller size can generate a greater field strength. The magnetization direction of the end 14 is close to perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the second direction, which can reduce or avoid the repulsive force generated when the magnet unit 10 is assembled with the magnet unit 10 or other magnetic structures through the end 14, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength, reducing the difficulty of assembly, improving assembly efficiency and reducing costs.

[0174] For example, the magnetic deflection angles of the end portions 14a and 14b may be 90°, so that the magnet unit 10 is closer to an ideal Halbach magnet, and the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 on the first side 10a is further improved. In addition, when the magnet unit 10 is assembled with the magnet unit 10 or other magnetic structures through the end portions 14, there is no repulsive force, the bonding strength is high, the assembly process is simple, the efficiency is high, and the cost is low.

[0175] In some examples, the residual magnetization intensity of the central portion 13 may be greater than 1.0 T, ensuring that the magnet unit 10 has a higher magnetic field intensity and achieving high magnetism of the first side 10 a.

[0176] Exemplarily, the residual magnetization intensity of the central portion 13 may be greater than 1.3 T, so that the magnet unit 10 has a higher magnetic field intensity, which is conducive to achieving a greater field intensity with a smaller size.

[0177] In some examples, the relative density of the magnet unit 10 can be greater than 90%, wherein the relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the magnet unit 10 after molding to the density of the molding material of the magnet unit 10, such as magnetic powder. The larger the relative density of the magnet unit 10, the higher the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit 10 can be, and the higher the unilateral magnetism of the magnet unit 10 can be achieved.

[0178] Exemplarily, the relative density of the magnet unit 10 may be greater than 95%, so that the magnet unit 10 has a higher magnetic field strength, which is conducive to achieving a larger magnetic field strength with a smaller size.

[0179] In the embodiments of this application, see Figure 7 As shown, the ratio of the thickness of each magnet unit 10 in the first direction (z direction) to the width of the magnet unit 10 in the second direction (x direction) can be less than or equal to 1, so that the thickness of the magnet unit 10 can be less than or equal to the width of the magnet unit 10, and the magnet unit 10 can be flat as a whole, for example, it can be a relatively flat rectangular parallelepiped shape (refer to Figure 3 On the one hand, it is helpful to reduce the space occupied by the magnet unit 10 and the magnet structure 103, and to meet the requirements of thinning and miniaturization design of functional modules and electronic devices under the condition of high magnetic field strength.

[0180] On the other hand, the magnet unit 10 is relatively wide, which can facilitate the control of continuous change of magnetization direction during integral molding, ensuring that the magnetic deflection angle of the magnet unit 10 from the center plane 11 to any end plane 12 increases continuously, which is beneficial to molding.

[0181] For example, the ratio of the thickness of the magnet unit 10 in the first direction (z direction) to the width of the magnet unit 10 in the second direction (x direction) may be less than or equal to 1 / 2. This can meet the high magnetic field strength requirements and further reduce the thickness of the magnet unit 10, making it easier to use in functional modules and electronic devices and more conducive to molding.

[0182] It should be noted that, in some other examples, the magnet unit 10 may also be in other shapes, such as a cylinder, a ring, a cup, etc.

[0183] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another magnet unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0184] For example, see Figure 8 As shown, the magnet unit 10 may be in the shape of a cylinder, and the first direction may be the thickness direction of the magnet unit 10, as shown in the z direction in the figure. The magnet unit 10 includes a first side 10a and a second side 10b opposite to each other in the first direction.

[0185] The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction may be parallel to one of the radial directions of the magnet unit 10, as shown in the x direction in the figure. The end face 12a and the end face 12b may be two opposite faces along the second direction (x direction), such as two opposite parts of the outer peripheral surface of the magnet unit 10 along the second direction (x direction).

[0186] The center plane 11 is located between the end face 12a and the end face 12b. The center plane 11 is a plane passing through the center line of the magnet unit 10, and the center plane 11 can intersect with the second direction. Exemplarily, taking the center plane 11 being perpendicular to the second direction as an example, the end face 12a and the end face 12b can be symmetrically arranged with the center plane 11 as a symmetry plane. For example, taking the y direction in the figure being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction respectively as an example, the center plane 11 can be a plane passing through the center line and perpendicular to the second direction (x direction), and the center plane 11 can be parallel to the yz plane. The entire magnet unit 10 can also take the center plane 11 as a symmetry plane.

[0187] It is understandable that if Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , the magnet unit 10 is cut along the AA plane parallel to the xz plane. The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the magnet unit 10 can be Figure 4 and Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the magnet unit 10 in FIG. Figure 1 From the center plane 11 (center line L1) to any end face 12, the magnetization direction of the magnet unit 10 between the center plane 11 and the end face 12 changes continuously, so that the magnetic declination angle gradually increases, and the magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit 10 converge toward the first side 10a, so that the magnetic field strength of the first side 10a is enhanced, and the magnetic field strength of the first side 10a is greater than the magnetic field strength of the second side 10b.

[0188] In the embodiment of the present application, the shape of each magnet unit 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped as an example for description.

[0189] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and magnetic flux lines of the central magnet unit.

[0190] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the direction of the magnetic flux lines of the magnet unit 10 is not limited. For example, see Fig. 9 As shown, the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the magnet unit 10, and the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the magnetic flux lines from the S pole to the N pole.

[0191] The direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the magnet unit 10 can be as follows: Fig. 9 As shown in the direction, taking the portion of the magnet unit 10 (such as the central portion) located near the center line L1 as an example, the direction of the magnetic flux lines of the portion of the magnet unit 10 points from the S pole to the N pole, the S pole is closer to the first side 10a of the magnet unit 10, and the N pole is closer to the second side 10b of the magnet unit 10, and the direction of the magnetic flux lines points upward from the first side 10a to the second side 10b.

[0192] Taking the part of the magnet unit 10 (such as the end) at the end face 12a and the end face 12b as an example, the direction of the magnetic flux lines of this part of the magnet unit 10 points from the S pole to the N pole, the S pole is closer to the center line L1, and the N pole is farther away from the center line L1. The direction of the magnetic flux lines points from the end of the magnet unit 10 to the outside.

[0193] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the magnetization direction and magnetic flux lines direction of another magnet unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0194] Alternatively, the direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the magnet unit 10 can be Fig. 9 For example, see Fig.10 As shown, the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the magnet unit 10, and the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of the magnetic flux lines from the S pole to the N pole.

[0195] Taking the portion of the magnet unit 10 (such as the central portion) located near the center line L1 as an example, the direction of the magnetic flux lines of the portion of the magnet unit 10 points from the S pole to the N pole, the S pole is closer to the second side 10b of the magnet unit 10, and the N pole is closer to the first side 10a of the magnet unit 10, and the direction of the magnetic flux lines points downward from the second side 10b to the first side 10a.

[0196] Taking the partial magnet unit 10 (such as the end) at the end face 12a and the end face 12b as an example, the direction of the magnetic flux lines of this partial magnet unit 10 points from the S pole to the N pole, the N pole is closer to the center line L, and the S pole is farther away from the center line L. The direction of the magnetic flux lines points inward from the end of the magnet unit 10 to the center line.

[0197] The specific direction of the magnetic flux lines can be set by adjusting the magnetization direction of the magnet unit 10 during magnetization.

[0198] In some examples, the magnet structure 103 may include one magnet unit 10 , so that the entire magnet structure 103 may be a Halbach magnet.

[0199] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnet structure 103 may include a plurality of magnet units 10, and the magnet units 10 may be connected at the end faces 12, that is, in two connected magnet units 10, the end face 12 on one end of one magnet unit 10 is connected to the end face 12 on one end of the other magnet unit 10, so that the plurality of magnet units 10 are assembled together to form the magnet structure 103, and the magnet structure 103 as a whole may also be a Halbach magnet.

[0200] The specific arrangement of the plurality of magnet units 10 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and the connection between the magnet units 10 may be by bonding, snap-fit ​​connection, or the like.

[0201] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0202] For example, see Fig.11 As shown, taking the magnet structure 103 including three magnet units 10 as an example, such as magnet unit 15, magnet unit 16 and magnet unit 17 respectively, magnet unit 15, magnet unit 16 and magnet unit 17 can be distributed in sequence along the second direction x, the end face on the end 15a of the magnet unit 15 can be connected to the end face on the end 16a of the magnet unit 16, and the end face on the end 16b of the magnet unit 16 can be connected to the end face on the end 17a of the magnet unit 17.

[0203] Fig.12 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the magnet structure along the BB plane.

[0204] The polarity of the two end faces is opposite, for example, see Fig.12 As shown, at the end 15b of the magnet unit 15, the S pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 15, and the N pole is farther away from the center line of the magnet unit 15. The direction of the magnetic flux lines points outward from the end of the magnet unit 15 to the outside of the magnet unit 15, and the N pole is at the end face of the end 15b.

[0205] In the end 16a of the magnet unit 16, the N pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 16, the S pole is farther from the center line of the magnet unit 16, and the direction of the magnetic flux lines points inward from the end of the magnet unit 16 to the center line, and the end surface of the end 16a is the S pole. The polarities of the two end surfaces connected are opposite and attract each other, reducing or avoiding the repulsive effect of the connected magnet units, improving the bonding strength and reducing the difficulty of assembly, improving the assembly efficiency and reducing the cost.

[0206] Correspondingly, in the end 16b of the magnet unit 16, the N pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 16, the S pole is farther from the center line of the magnet unit 16, the direction of the magnetic flux lines points inward from the end of the magnet unit 16 to the center line, and the end surface of the end 16b is the S pole. In the end 17a of the magnet unit 17, the S pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 17, the N pole is farther from the center line of the magnet unit 17, the direction of the magnetic flux lines points outward from the end of the magnet unit 17 to the outside of the magnet unit 17, and the end surface of the end 17a is the N pole. This allows the two end surfaces to attract each other stably.

[0207] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic flux lines in the magnet structure.

[0208] Furthermore, the two magnet units 10 have opposite polarities at the connected end faces to form a magnet structure 103. Fig.13 As shown, the magnetic flux lines of the entire magnetic structure 103 converge on one side. For example, taking the first side 103a of the magnetic structure 103 and the first side of the magnet unit 10 as being on the same side, and the second side 103b of the magnetic structure 103 and the second side 10b of the magnet unit 10 as being on the same side, the magnetic flux lines of the magnetic structure 103 converge on the first side 103a. The magnetic field strength of the entire magnetic structure 103 on the first side 103a is enhanced, and the unilateral strong magnetism of the magnetic structure 103 is achieved. The entire magnetic structure 103 is also a Halbach magnet, and a high-strength magnetic field can be obtained with fewer magnet units 10, meeting the requirements of high magnetism and small size, and can be better applied to functional modules and electronic devices.

[0209] Fig.14 for Fig.12 Magnetic flux density graph of the middle magnet structure on the first side.

[0210] For example, the magnetic flux density of the magnet structure 103 composed of three magnet units 10 on the first side 103a is detected, see Fig.14 As shown, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic structure 103 on the first side 103a can vary sinusoidally over multiple periods, which is beneficial to improving the magnetic flux density and sinusoidal characteristics of the magnetic structure 103 on the first side 103a, enhancing the magnetic field strength on the first side 103a, and reducing the magnetic field strength on the second side 103b.

[0211] Among them, in the two connected magnet units, the end face on one end of one magnet unit is connected to the end face on one end of the other magnet unit, and the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends can be less than or equal to 45°, such as taking the connected end 15b and end 16a as an example (refer to Fig.12 As shown in FIG. 1 , the angle between the magnetization direction of the end 15b and the magnetization direction of the end 16a is less than or equal to 45°. Making the magnetization direction angle of the two connected ends smaller is beneficial to reducing the repulsive effect between the two magnet units and reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnet structure.

[0212] Exemplarily, the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends can be 0°, so that the magnetic flux lines of the two ends are parallel, ensuring that the polarities of the two ends are opposite and attract each other, so that there is no repulsion between the two connected magnet units, thereby improving the bonding strength between the magnet units and significantly reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnet structure.

[0213] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnetic structure 103 may be composed of the magnetic unit 10 and other types of magnetic structures.

[0214] Fig.15 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnetic structure 103 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0215] For example, see Fig.15 As shown, the magnet structure 103 may also include a plurality of unidirectional magnets 18, wherein the unidirectional magnet 18 refers to a magnet having a single fixed magnetic flux line direction and a magnetization direction inside the magnet. The unidirectional magnet 18 and the magnet unit 10 are assembled together to form the magnet structure 103, and at least one magnet unit 10 is connected to the unidirectional magnet 18. Enriching the design flexibility of the magnet structure 103 is conducive to improving the applicability of the magnet structure 103.

[0216] The magnet unit is connected to an end face of the one-way magnet through its end face, that is, the end face on one end of at least one magnet unit is connected to the end face on one end of the one-way magnet. Fig.15As shown, taking the magnet structure 103 including two magnet units 10 and one unidirectional magnet 18 as an example, the two magnet units 10 can be magnet unit 15 and magnet unit 16 respectively, the magnet unit 15, the magnet unit 16 and the unidirectional magnet 18 can be distributed in the second direction (x direction), and the unidirectional magnet 18 can be located between the magnet unit 15 and the magnet unit 16.

[0217] The end surface on the end 15 b of the magnet unit 15 may be connected to the end surface on one end 181 of the one-way magnet 18 , and the end surface on the other end 182 of the one-way magnet 18 may be connected to the end surface on the end 16 a of the magnet unit 16 .

[0218] The polarities at the two connected end faces are opposite. For example, in the end 15b of the magnet unit 15, the S pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 15, and the N pole is farther away from the center line of the magnet unit 15. The direction of the magnetic flux lines points outward from the end of the magnet unit 15 to the outside of the magnet unit 15, and the N pole is at the end face of the end 15b.

[0219] The direction of the magnetic flux lines inside the unidirectional magnet 18 points from one end 181 of the unidirectional magnet 18 to the other end 182. The end face of the end 181 is an S pole, so that the two connected end faces have opposite polarities and attract each other, reducing or avoiding the repulsive effect between the connected magnetic unit 15 and the unidirectional magnet 18, improving the bonding strength and reducing the difficulty of assembly, improving assembly efficiency and reducing costs.

[0220] Correspondingly, in the end 16a of the magnet unit 16, the N pole is closer to the center line of the magnet unit 16, and the S pole is farther away from the center line of the magnet unit 16. The direction of the magnetic flux lines points inward from the end of the magnet unit 16 to the center line, and the end surface of the end 16a is the S pole. The end surface of the other end 182 of the unidirectional magnet 18 is the N pole, so that the two end surfaces connected have opposite polarities and attract each other.

[0221] The end face on one end of the magnet unit is connected to the end face on one end of the one-way magnet, and the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends can be less than or equal to 45°. For example, taking the connected end 181 and end 15b as an example, the angle between the magnetization direction of end 15b and the magnetization direction of end 181 is less than or equal to 45°. Making the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends smaller is conducive to reducing the repulsive effect between the connected magnet unit 10 and the one-way magnet 18, and is conducive to reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnet structure 103.

[0222] Exemplarily, the angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends can be 0°, so that the magnetic flux lines of the two ends are parallel, ensuring that the two ends have opposite polarities at the end faces and attract each other, so that there is no repulsive effect between the connected magnetic unit 10 and the unidirectional magnet 18, thereby improving the bonding strength and significantly reducing the difficulty of assembling the magnetic structure 103.

[0223] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the number of unidirectional magnets 18 and magnet units 10 included in the magnet structure 103. There may be one unidirectional magnet 18 or multiple unidirectional magnets 18. There may also be one magnet unit 10 or multiple magnet units 10.

[0224] There is no limitation on the arrangement of the magnet units 10 and the one-way magnets 18, and they can be selectively set according to actual needs. The following only illustrates several implementations, and in some other examples, the number and arrangement of the one-way magnets 18 and the magnet units 10 can also be other methods.

[0225] For example, in some examples, such as Fig.15 As shown, the magnet structure 103 may include two magnet units 10 and a unidirectional magnet 18 . The magnet units 10 and the unidirectional magnet 18 are distributed along the second direction (x direction), and the unidirectional magnet 18 may be located between the two magnet units 10 .

[0226] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnetic structure 103 may include more than two magnetic units 10 and more than two unidirectional magnets 18, and the magnetic units 10 and the unidirectional magnets 18 are distributed along the second direction (x direction), and a unidirectional magnet 18 may be arranged between every two magnetic units 10, so that the magnetic units 10 and the unidirectional magnets 18 are staggered in sequence in the second direction, and the polarities of the magnetic units 10 and the unidirectional magnets 18 at the two connected end faces may be opposite.

[0227] Fig.16 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0228] For example, refer to Fig.16 As shown, the magnet structure 103 may include a magnet unit 15, a magnet unit 16, a magnet unit 17, a unidirectional magnet 18a and a unidirectional magnet 18b, wherein a unidirectional magnet 18a is disposed between the magnet unit 15 and the magnet unit 16, and a unidirectional magnet 18b is disposed between the magnet unit 16 and the magnet unit 17. The polarities of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 15 and the unidirectional magnet 18a meet are opposite, the polarities of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 16 and the unidirectional magnet 18a meet are opposite, the polarities of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 16 and the unidirectional magnet 18b meet are opposite, and the polarities of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 17 and the unidirectional magnet 18b meet are opposite.

[0229] Alternatively, in some examples, along the second direction (x direction), a plurality of unidirectional magnets 18 may be disposed between two magnet units 10, and this distribution method may be applicable to the example in which the magnet structure 103 includes two magnet units 10 or a plurality of magnet units 10. The polarities of the unidirectional magnets 18 and the magnet units 10 at the two connected end faces may be opposite, and the polarities of the two connected end faces 12 between the unidirectional magnets 18 may also be opposite.

[0230] Fig.17 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0231] For example, see Fig.17 As shown, taking the example of a one-way magnet 18a, a one-way magnet 18b and a one-way magnet 18c being arranged in sequence between the magnet unit 15 and the magnet unit 16, the polarity of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 15 is connected to the one-way magnet 18a is opposite, the polarity of the two end surfaces where the one-way magnet 18a is connected to the one-way magnet 18b is opposite, the polarity of the two end surfaces where the one-way magnet 18b is connected to the one-way magnet 18c is opposite, and the polarity of the two end surfaces where the magnet unit 16 is connected to the one-way magnet 18c is opposite.

[0232] Alternatively, in some examples, a plurality of magnet units 10 may be disposed between every two unidirectional magnets 18 along the second direction (x direction).

[0233] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnet structure 103 may include a plurality of magnet units 10 and a plurality of unidirectional magnets 18, wherein the magnet units 10 and the unidirectional magnets 18 are distributed along a second direction (x direction), the plurality of magnet units 10 may be connected to each other in sequence, and the plurality of unidirectional magnets 18 may be connected to each other in sequence, wherein one magnet unit 10 is connected to one unidirectional magnet 18.

[0234] The polarities of the two end surfaces of the one-way magnets 18 may be opposite, the polarities of the two end surfaces of the magnet units 10 may be opposite, and the polarities of the two end surfaces of the magnet units 10 and the one-way magnets 18 may be opposite.

[0235] Fig.18 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0236] See also Fig.18 As shown, taking the magnet structure 103 including the magnet unit 15, the magnet unit 16, the unidirectional magnet 18a and the unidirectional magnet 18b as an example, the unidirectional magnet 18a, the unidirectional magnet 18b, the magnet unit 15 and the magnet unit 16 are arranged in sequence in the second direction (x direction). The polarities of the two end surfaces of the unidirectional magnet 18a and the unidirectional magnet 18b are opposite, the polarities of the two end surfaces of the unidirectional magnet 18b and the magnet unit 15 are opposite, and the polarities of the two end surfaces of the magnet unit 15 and the magnet unit 16 are opposite.

[0237] Alternatively, in some examples, the magnet structure 103 may also include only one magnet unit 10 and one unidirectional magnet 18 connected to each other.

[0238] Fig.19 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a magnetic structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0239] The present application also provides a method for preparing a magnetic structure, which is used to prepare the magnetic structure 103. The method may include:

[0240] S101: Provide magnetic powder.

[0241] For example, the magnetic powder may be a rapidly quenched magnetic powder. The magnetic powder material may include but is not limited to NdFeB magnetic powder, SmCo magnetic powder, SmFeN magnetic powder, and the like.

[0242] S102: forming the magnetic powder into a precursor.

[0243] For example, the magnetic powder can be molded into a certain shape by applying pressure or the like. For example, taking the preparation of a rectangular parallelepiped magnet structure as an example, the precursor obtained after the magnetic powder is molded can also be in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Of course, in some other examples, other regular or irregular shapes can also be used.

[0244] S103: Under the conditions of a first preset temperature and a first preset pressure, deform the precursor to obtain a magnet unit.

[0245] That is, a certain temperature (such as a first preset temperature) and pressure (such as a first preset pressure) are applied to the precursor. Under certain temperature and pressure conditions, the flow direction of the magnetic powder atoms in the precursor can be changed and regulated, and then the magnetization orientation direction can be regulated. While shaping the shape, the magnetization orientation characteristics are limited, so that the magnet unit obtained after the precursor is deformed has the desired magnetization orientation characteristics. In this way, by reasonably controlling the first preset temperature, the first preset pressure and other conditions, a magnet unit with a continuously changing magnetization direction from the center plane to any end plane can be obtained, so that the magnet unit is a Halbach magnet. From the center plane to any end plane, the magnetic declination of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane continuously increases, the magnetic field strength on the first side of the magnet unit increases, and the magnetic field strength on the second side decreases.

[0246] Compared with the related art in which magnetic powder is oriented in a magnetic field and then sintered to form a Halbach magnet, in the molding method of the magnet structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, during the process of molding the magnetic powder into a magnet unit, the magnetization orientation is regulated by regulating the temperature, pressure and other conditions during the molding process, so that the molded magnet unit is a Halbach magnet, without the need for an external orientation magnetic field, and the molding method is simpler, more convenient and less costly.

[0247] In the above step S102, the precursor is obtained by molding the magnetic powder, which may include S1021: pressing the magnetic powder to mold it into a cold billet.

[0248] S1022: Densifying the cold billet under the conditions of a second preset temperature and a second preset pressure to obtain a precursor.

[0249] That is, after the magnetic powder is formed, the formed cold billet is densified to form a more dense precursor, which is conducive to improving the density of the precursor, so that the final formed magnet unit has a higher relative density, ensuring the high magnetic field strength of the magnet unit on the first side. And first forming a cold billet and then densifying it to obtain a dense precursor has a higher molding rate than directly obtaining a dense precursor through magnetic powder, which is convenient for the molding of a dense precursor.

[0250] In the above step S1021, illustratively, the magnetic powder may be pressurized by means of a first mold to form a cold billet.

[0251] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of pressurizing magnetic powder in a method for preparing a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0252] For some examples, see Fig. 20 As shown, the first die 300 may include a first punch 301, a second punch 302 and a first die 303. The first die 303 may have a cavity inside. The first punch 301 and the second punch 302 may be located at two ends of the cavity, respectively, and may move along the cavity. For example, the first punch 301 and the second punch 302 may be located at two opposite ends of the cavity along the z direction, and may move up and down along the cavity in the z direction.

[0253] The magnetic powder 300a can be placed in the cavity of the first die 303 and between the first punch 301 and the second punch 302. The magnetic powder 300a can be pressurized by moving the first punch 301 and the second punch 302 so that the magnetic powder 300a can be formed into a cold billet.

[0254] It should be noted that the process of pressurizing the magnetic powder to form a cold blank can be prepared in a room temperature environment, can be pressurized in an air environment, or can be pressurized in an inert gas environment such as N2, Ar2, etc.

[0255] For example, the density of the obtained cold billet can be 3.0 g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3 , ensuring that the cold billet has a certain density, so that the required precursor can be obtained through the cold billet, and then the magnet unit can be obtained through the deformation of the precursor.

[0256] In the above step S1022, illustratively, the cold billet can be heated and pressurized by means of the second mold to densify the cold billet and obtain a precursor. It should be noted that in some examples, the second mold can be the above-mentioned first mold 300, that is, after the cold billet is formed by the first mold 300, the cold billet can be left unremoved, and the cold billet in the first mold 300 can continue to be heated and pressurized to densify the cold billet.

[0257] Fig.21 A schematic diagram of a cold billet densification process in a magnet structure preparation method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0258] Alternatively, in some examples, the second mold 400 may be another desired mold, for example, see Fig.21 As shown, the second die 400 may include a third punch 401, a fourth punch 402, and a second die 403. The second die 403 may have a cavity inside, and the third punch 401 and the fourth punch 402 may be located at two ends of the cavity, respectively, and may move along the cavity. For example, the third punch 401 and the fourth punch 402 may be located at two opposite ends of the cavity along the z direction, and may move up and down along the cavity in the z direction.

[0259] The cold blank 400a can be placed in the cavity of the second die 403 and between the third punch 401 and the fourth punch 402. The cold blank can be heated by a heating device, for example, a heating device can be provided in the second die 403 to heat the cold blank. The cold blank 400a can be pressurized by moving the third punch 401 and the fourth punch 402, so that the cold blank 400a is densified by heating and pressurizing under the conditions of the second preset temperature and the second preset pressure, thereby forming a more dense precursor.

[0260] Exemplarily, the second preset temperature may be in the range of 600° C. to 900° C., which ensures a good densification effect and obtains a precursor with higher density.

[0261] The second preset pressure may be in the range of 100 MPa to 300 MPa, which ensures a good pressurization and densification effect, and is further conducive to obtaining a precursor with higher density.

[0262] For example, the density of the obtained precursor can be 7.0 g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm 3 , the obtained precursor has a higher density, ensuring that the magnet unit obtained through the precursor has a higher density, which is beneficial to improving the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit.

[0263] The density of the magnet unit obtained after the precursor deformation can be 7.2g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm 3, which makes the relative density of the magnet unit higher, and is conducive to achieving high magnetism on one side of the magnet unit.

[0264] In the above step S103, the precursor can be thermally deformed by means of a third mold through heating and roughening to obtain a magnet unit of a desired shape.

[0265] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of deforming a precursor in a method for preparing a magnet structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0266] For some examples, see Fig. 22 As shown, the third die 500 may include a fifth punch 501, a sixth punch 502, a third die 503, and a shaping block 504. The third die 503 may have a first cavity inside, the first cavity may include two opposite ends in the z direction, the shaping block 504 may be filled in one end of the first cavity, and the shaping block 504 may have a second cavity inside.

[0267] The fifth punch 501 may be located in the other end of the first cavity and may move up and down along the first cavity in the z direction, and a gap 505 communicating with the second cavity may be provided between the fifth punch 501 and the shaping block 504. The sixth punch 502 is located in the second cavity of the shaping block and may move up and down along the second cavity in the z direction.

[0268] The precursor 500a can be placed in the second cavity of the shaping block 504, and the precursor 500a can be heated by a heating device. For example, a heating device can be set in the shaping block 504 to heat the precursor 500a. The sixth punch 502 can pressurize the precursor 500a in the second cavity, and deform the precursor 500a into the gap 505 between the fifth punch 501 and the shaping block 504. The fifth punch 501 can also continue to pressurize the precursor 500a entering the gap 505. Thereby, the precursor 500a can achieve the desired magnetization orientation and deform to form a magnet unit of a desired shape under the conditions of the first preset temperature and the first preset pressure.

[0269] Among them, the circumferential size of the first cavity of the third die 503 can provide control over the length and width of the magnet unit, the spacing between the fifth punch 501 and the shaping block 504 in the z direction can provide control over the height of the magnet unit, and the fifth punch 501 and the sixth punch 502 can provide deformation pressure.

[0270] Exemplarily, the first preset temperature can range from 700°C to 900°C, which can well control the flow direction of atoms and ensure that the magnetic deflection angle from the center plane to the end plane in the obtained magnet unit gradually increases, so that the first side of the magnet unit has a high magnetic field strength, thereby achieving unilateral high magnetism of the magnet unit.

[0271] The first preset pressure may be in the range of 100 MPa to 300 MPa, which can well control the atomic flow direction, ensure that the first side of the obtained magnet unit has a high magnetic field strength, and achieve single-sided high magnetism of the magnet unit.

[0272] At the first preset temperature and the first preset pressure, the deformation rate of the precursor can be 10 4 ~10 -1 / s, which is conducive to achieving the required magnetization orientation of the magnet unit and ensures that the first side of the magnet unit obtained after deformation has a high magnetic field strength.

[0273] In some examples, in the above step S103, after deforming the precursor and before obtaining the magnet unit, it can also include S1031: performing surface processing and surface treatment on the deformed precursor.

[0274] Exemplarily, surface processing may refer to cutting, grinding, and other operations on the deformed precursor to remove burrs, flaws, or form a desired size, shape, or pattern on the surface of the deformed precursor.

[0275] Surface treatment may refer to forming some specific film structures on the surface of the surface-treated precursor, etc. For example, surface treatment may include but is not limited to phosphating, bluing, zinc plating, nickel plating, aluminum plating, epoxy electroplating, epoxy spraying, etc.

[0276] After the above step S1031 and before obtaining the magnet unit, the following step may further include S1032: magnetizing the surface-treated precursor.

[0277] By magnetizing the magnet unit to saturate magnetization, a magnet unit with magnetism can be obtained, so that the magnet unit can generate a magnetic field with a high magnetic field intensity on one side.

[0278] It should be noted that, in some examples, the magnet unit obtained by the above method may not undergo a magnetization step, and a magnet unit having an orientation in which the magnetization direction gradually changes from the center plane to the end plane and the magnetic deflection angle gradually increases is obtained. The magnet unit may not be magnetic and may be magnetized again in actual use.

[0279] When the magnet structure includes a plurality of magnet units, it is taken as an example that the plurality of magnet units are assembled together by bonding.

[0280] In some examples, a plurality of magnet units having magnetism may be first obtained, and then the plurality of magnet units may be bonded and assembled together. For example, the above steps S101-S103 may be repeated to obtain a plurality of magnet units that have been surface processed, surface treated and magnetized. The method may further include S104: bonding the plurality of magnet units to obtain a magnet structure. The magnet structure having a plurality of magnet units is obtained by the method, and the operation steps are simple, which is convenient for assembly.

[0281] For example, a plurality of magnet units are bonded and assembled together using bonding materials such as glue.

[0282] Alternatively, in some examples, the deformed precursor may be subjected to surface processing, bonding, surface treatment, and then magnetization.

[0283] For example, the above step S103 of deforming the precursor to obtain the magnet unit may include S1033: performing surface processing on the deformed plurality of precursors to obtain a plurality of second preforms.

[0284] S1034: bonding a plurality of second preforms and performing surface treatment.

[0285] S1035: magnetizing the plurality of second preforms after the surface treatment to obtain a plurality of magnet units, and the plurality of magnet units are connected.

[0286] By the above method, multiple second preforms can be bonded first and then magnetized to obtain multiple magnetic magnet units to form a magnetic magnet structure. Bonding first and then magnetizing can reduce or avoid the mutual repulsion of magnetism between magnet units during assembly, which is conducive to improving the strength of bonding and the reliability of the entire magnet structure.

[0287] In addition, surface processing of the precursor prior to bonding is beneficial to improving bonding strength and also to improving the reliability of the magnet structure.

[0288] It should be noted that step S103 may not include step S1035. After bonding a plurality of second preforms and performing surface treatment in step S1032, a plurality of non-magnetic magnet units may be obtained, so that the entire magnet structure may also be non-magnetic.

[0289] Correspondingly, when the magnet structure includes a magnet unit and a unidirectional magnet, it is taken as an example that the magnet unit and the unidirectional magnet are assembled together by bonding.

[0290] In some examples, a magnetic magnet unit may be first obtained, and then the magnet unit and the one-way magnet may be assembled together. For example, after obtaining the magnet unit after surface processing, surface treatment and magnetization through the above steps S101-S103, the method further includes S105: bonding the magnet unit and the one-way magnet to obtain a magnet structure. The method has simple operation steps and is easy to assemble.

[0291] Alternatively, in some examples, the precursor after expression may be subjected to surface processing, bonding, surface treatment, and then magnetization.

[0292] For example, the above step S103 of deforming the precursor to obtain the magnet unit may include S1036: performing surface processing on the deformed precursor to obtain a second preform.

[0293] S1034: Bonding the second preform and the unidirectional magnet, and performing surface treatment.

[0294] S1035: magnetizing the second preform after surface treatment to obtain a magnet unit, and the magnet unit is connected with the unidirectional magnet to form a magnet structure.

[0295] The magnet structure obtained through the above steps has a stronger bonding strength between the magnet unit and the unidirectional magnet, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the magnet structure.

[0296] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0297] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A magnet structure, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of magnet units, each of which is an integral structural member, and each of which comprises a first side and a second side opposite to each other in a first direction; Each of the magnet units comprises a central plane and two end planes facing each other in a second direction, wherein the central plane is located between the two end planes along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; In a direction from the center plane to any of the end planes, the magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit located between the center plane and the end plane increases continuously, and the magnetic field strength on the first side is greater than the magnetic field strength on the second side.

2. The magnet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The range of the magnetic declination includes: 0° to 90°.

3. The magnet structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnet unit takes the central plane as a symmetry plane, and the magnetic declination angles of the two parts of the magnet unit symmetrical to the central plane are correspondingly equal; In a direction from one end to the other end, the magnetic flux density of the magnet unit on the first side changes in a sinusoidal half-period.

4. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The magnetic declination angle of the magnet unit from the central plane to any one of the end planes increases in an equidistant manner.

5. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A ratio of a thickness of the magnet unit in the first direction to a width of the magnet unit in the second direction is less than or equal to 1.

6. The magnet structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A ratio of a thickness of the magnet unit in the first direction to a width of the magnet unit in the second direction is less than or equal to 1 / 2.

7. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The magnet unit includes a central portion and two end portions distributed in the second direction, wherein the central portion is symmetrical with respect to the central plane; The two end portions are respectively two ends of the magnet unit along the second direction, and the two end surfaces are respectively located on two opposite sides of the two end portions.

8. The magnet structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The residual magnetization of the central portion is greater than 1.0T.

9. The magnet structure according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The range of the magnetic declination angle α1 of the central part includes: 0°≤α1≤10°.

10. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The range of the magnetic declination angle α2 of the end portion includes: 60°≤α2≤90°.

11. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The relative density of the magnet unit is greater than 90%.

12. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: There are multiple magnet units, wherein an end face of one end of one magnet unit is connected to an end face of another end of another magnet unit, and the polarities of the two connected end faces are opposite; The angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends is less than or equal to 45°.

13. The magnet structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of one-way magnets, wherein an end surface of one end of at least one of the magnet units is connected to an end surface of one end of the one-way magnet, and the polarities of the two connected end surfaces are opposite; The angle between the magnetization directions of the two connected ends is less than or equal to 45°.

14. A method for preparing a magnetic structure, characterized in that: The magnet structure comprises a magnet unit, and the method comprises: Provide magnetic powder; Molding the magnetic powder to obtain a precursor; Under the conditions of a first preset temperature and a first preset pressure, the precursor is deformed to obtain the magnet unit.

15. The preparation method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first preset temperature includes: 700°C to 900°C; The first preset pressure includes: 100MPa to 300MPa.

16. The preparation method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: The deformation rate of the precursor includes 10 4 ~10 -1 / s.

17. The preparation method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The step of molding the magnetic powder to obtain a precursor comprises: Pressing the magnetic powder to form a cold billet; The cold blank is densified under the conditions of a second preset temperature and a second preset pressure to obtain the precursor.

18. The preparation method according to claim 17, characterized in that: The density of the cold billet includes 3.0g / cm 3 ~5.0g / cm 3 ; The density of the precursor includes 7.0 g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm 3 ; The density of the magnet unit includes 7.2g / cm 3 -7.7g / cm 3 .

19. The preparation method according to claim 17, characterized in that: The second preset temperature includes: 600°C to 900°C; The second preset pressure includes: 100MPa to 300MPa.

20. The preparation method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that: After deforming the precursor under the conditions of the first preset temperature and the first preset pressure, the method further comprises: performing surface processing and surface treatment on the deformed precursor.

21. The preparation method according to claim 20, characterized in that: After performing surface processing and surface treatment on the deformed precursor, the method further comprises: magnetizing the surface-treated precursor.

22. The preparation method according to claim 21, characterized in that: There are multiple magnet units. After obtaining the magnet units, the method further includes: bonding the multiple magnet units to obtain the magnet structure.

23. The preparation method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that: The number of the magnet units is plural, and the step of deforming the precursor to obtain the magnet units comprises: Performing surface processing on the deformed plurality of precursors to obtain a plurality of second preforms; bonding a plurality of the second preforms and performing surface treatment; The plurality of second preforms after surface treatment are magnetized to obtain a plurality of magnet units, and the plurality of magnet units are connected.

24. A functional module, characterized in that: It comprises a moving part and a magnet structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the magnet structure is used to drive the moving part to move.

25. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a shell and the magnet structure described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the magnet structure is assembled in the shell.

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