Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module, relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, and aims to prevent short circuit, reduce the manufacturing precision of a conductive back plate and the typesetting precision requirement of a back contact battery, and reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a conductive back plate and a back contact battery pack. The conductive backboard comprises a conductive circuit layer and an insulating material layer located between the conductive circuit layer and the back contact battery pack. And a plurality of conductive windows distributed in an array are arranged in the insulating material layer in a penetrating manner. The back contact battery pack comprises a plurality of back contact batteries which are distributed in an array. And a collector electrode, an interconnection structure and an insulation isolation structure are arranged on the back surface of each back contact battery. And the interconnection structure is electrically connected with the collector electrode with the same polarity as the interconnection structure. An interconnection structure with the polarity opposite to that of the current collection electrode is arranged between at least one pair of current collection electrodes, the insulation isolation structures and the interconnection structures are correspondingly arranged, and each insulation isolation structure covers the adjacent area of at least two current collection electrodes which are adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and have the polarity opposite to that of the corresponding interconnection structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] A back-contact cell refers to a solar cell with no electrodes on the front of the cell, and the positive and negative electrodes are arranged on the back of the cell. This can reduce the shielding of the electrode on the cell, increase the short-circuit current of the cell, and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the cell.

[0003] However, in existing photovoltaic modules based on back-contact cells, high requirements are placed on the manufacturing accuracy of the conductive backplane and the layout accuracy of the back-contact cells, which makes the manufacturing of photovoltaic modules more difficult and reduces the yield. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module, which is used to reduce the manufacturing accuracy requirements of the conductive backplane and the layout accuracy requirements of the back contact battery while preventing short circuits, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module and improving the yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes: a conductive backplane, and a back contact battery group arranged on the conductive backplane. The conductive backplane includes a conductive circuit layer, and an insulating material layer located between the conductive circuit layer and the back contact battery group. A plurality of conductive windows distributed in an array are provided through the insulating material layer. The back contact battery group includes a plurality of back contact batteries distributed in an array. A collector electrode, an interconnection structure and an insulating isolation structure are provided on the back of each back contact battery. Different collector electrodes with opposite polarities included in the same back contact battery extend along a first direction and are alternately spaced along a second direction, and the second direction is different from the first direction. Each interconnection structure is electrically connected to a collector electrode with the same polarity as itself. The interconnection structure is arranged corresponding to the conductive window, and each interconnection structure is electrically connected to a portion of the conductive circuit layer exposed in the corresponding conductive window through the corresponding conductive window. At least some of the collector electrodes with the same polarity are spaced along the first direction, and an interconnection structure with the opposite polarity as itself is provided at the interval between at least one pair of collector electrodes adjacent to each other along the first direction. The insulating isolation structure is arranged corresponding to the interconnection structure, and each insulating isolation structure covers the adjacent area of ​​at least two collecting electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with opposite polarity. Each insulating isolation structure includes a plurality of insulating isolation parts distributed at intervals, and the adjacent area is the adjacent area of ​​the interconnection structure in the corresponding collecting electrode with opposite polarity to itself.

[0006] With such an arrangement, the conductive circuit layer included in the conductive backplane can be a patterned conductor, so that each interconnection structure included in different back contact cells is respectively coupled with the portion of the conductive circuit layer exposed in the corresponding conductive window, so that multiple back contact cell strings can be connected in parallel through the conductive circuit layer, and the different back contact cells included in each back contact cell string can be connected in series through the conductive circuit layer, thereby realizing electrical connection between different back contact cells in the back contact battery group, so that the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module can meet the working requirements.

[0007] The insulating material layer included in the conductive backplane is a film layer with insulating properties, which is arranged between the conductive backplane and the back contact battery group, and a conductive window for coupling is opened on it. Based on this, the insulating material layer is used to define the position where each interconnection structure included in each back contact battery is coupled with the conductive circuit layer, so that different back contact batteries in the back contact battery group can be electrically connected through the patterned conductive circuit layer and in a preset manner, and can also prevent the interconnection structure included in the same back contact battery and the collector electrode adjacent to itself and with opposite polarity from being connected to the conductive circuit layer through the conductive window to cause a short circuit. In the above case, in addition to the collector electrode for collecting carriers, and the interconnection structure for assisting current collection and interconnection, an insulating isolation structure is also provided on the back of each back contact battery. Each insulating isolation structure covers the adjacent area of ​​at least two collector electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with opposite polarity. At this time, only the collector electrode adjacent to the interconnection structure and with the same polarity is exposed outside the insulating isolation structure. Based on this, in the actual manufacturing process, even if the size of the conductive window is increased, an offset occurs when the insulating material layer is covered on the conductive circuit layer, the insulating material layer itself expands and contracts, causing the conductive window to shift, and different back contact cells are offset when they are arranged on the insulating material layer (at least one of the above four situations occurs), and the adjacent area of ​​the collecting electrode adjacent to the interconnection structure and with opposite polarity is exposed, the exposed adjacent area with opposite polarity can be isolated from the part of the conductive circuit layer corresponding to the conductive window by the insulating isolation structure to prevent short circuit and reduce the risk of leakage. At the same time, the requirements for the accuracy of opening the conductive window, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy of different back contact cells can be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of photovoltaic modules and improving the yield of photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, the insulating isolation structure covers the vicinity of at least two collecting electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with opposite polarities, but does not cover the corresponding areas of all collecting electrodes with opposite polarities to the corresponding interconnection structure. Under the premise of preventing short circuits, the use of consumables of the insulating isolation structure can be saved, the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module can be saved, and the warping height of the battery body of the back contact battery after the insulating isolation structure is formed can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the back contact battery.

[0008] As a possible implementation, along the second direction, the distance between two adjacent collector electrodes with the same polarity is P. The length of at least one interconnect structure along the second direction is greater than P and less than 2P; and / or the size of at least one conductive window is greater than 2P and less than 6P.

[0009] In this way, the length of the interconnection structure along the second direction is within the above range, which can prevent the interconnection area between the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer from being too small due to the short length of the interconnection structure, resulting in a low interconnection strength between the two, ensuring good contact between the back contact battery and the conductive circuit layer, improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the transmission loss between the back contact battery and the conductive circuit layer. In addition, it can also prevent the spacing between adjacent interconnection structures and the spacing between adjacent conductive windows from being too small due to the long length of the interconnection structure, reduce the difficulty of opening a conductive window in the insulating material layer, reduce the risk of leakage between adjacent interconnection structures with opposite polarities, and prevent the connection stress between the interconnection structure and the battery body of the back contact battery from being too large due to the long length of the interconnection structure, and improve the yield of the back contact battery. In addition, the size of the conductive window within the above range can prevent the composite precision of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer and the layout precision of different back contact batteries from being too high due to the small size of the conductive window, further reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module, and can also ensure that the conductive window can expose all the surface areas of the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer to the outside, ensuring that the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer have a large interconnection area. Secondly, it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large, which would increase the risk of leakage, and help reduce the coverage of the insulating isolation structure, further reduce the warping height of the battery body of the back contact battery after the insulating isolation structure is formed, and reduce the risk of damage to the back contact battery.

[0010] As a possible implementation scheme, the distance between the interconnection structure and the end of the collector electrode which has the opposite polarity to itself and is adjacent to the end of the collector electrode is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

[0011] In this way, the spacing between the interconnection structure and the end of the collector electrode with opposite polarity and adjacent to itself is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the high risk of leakage between the collector electrode and the interconnection structure with opposite polarity and adjacent to itself due to the small spacing, and is conducive to improving the working performance of the back contact battery. In addition, it can also prevent the low carrier collection ability of the collector electrode due to the large spacing, and reduce the carrier recombination rate on the backlight side of the back contact battery.

[0012] As a possible implementation, at least one insulating isolation portion covers an end portion of a corresponding collector electrode adjacent to a corresponding interconnect structure and having opposite polarity. Along the first direction, a ratio of a width of a portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end portion to a size of a corresponding conductive window is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.9.

[0013] With such a configuration, it can be understood that, along the first direction, the width of the portion of at least one insulating isolation portion covering a single end directly affects the size of the conductive window and / or the composite precision of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer. Specifically, under the premise of preventing short circuit, the larger the width of the portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end, the larger the allowable increase in the size of the conductive window, the allowable offset of the conductive window caused by the expansion and contraction of the insulating material layer itself, and the allowable offset of the conductive window and / or the back contact battery. Based on this, when the ratio of the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering a single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window is within the above range, it is helpful to prevent the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering a single end from being too small due to the small ratio, resulting in the allowable increase in the size of the conductive window, the allowable offset of the conductive window caused by the expansion and contraction of the insulating material layer itself, and the allowable offset of the conductive window and / or the back contact battery being small, further reducing the precision of opening the conductive window, the composite precision of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the requirements for the layout precision of different back contact batteries, and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module; it can also prevent the size of the conductive window from being too large due to the small ratio. In addition, it can also prevent the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering a single end from being too large due to the large ratio, resulting in a large amount of consumables for the insulating isolation structure and a risk of warping of the battery body after the insulating isolation structure is formed, which is beneficial to saving the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module and reducing the risk of damage to the back contact battery; and it can also prevent the conductive window from being too small in size due to a large ratio, and the beneficial effect of preventing the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to the previous text and will not be repeated here.

[0014] As a possible implementation scheme, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the distance between two adjacent conductive windows along the first direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8.

[0015] In this way, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent to each other along the first direction is within the above range, which can prevent the conductive window from being too small due to a small ratio. In addition, it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large due to a large ratio. The beneficial effect of preventing the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to in the previous text and will not be repeated here.

[0016] As a possible implementation scheme, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the distance between two adjacent conductive windows along the second direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10.

[0017] In this way, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent to each other along the second direction is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the conductive window from being too small due to the smaller ratio, resulting in the conductive window and / or the allowable offset of the back contact battery along the second direction being too small, and the allowable offset of the back contact battery being too small, further reducing the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries. In addition, it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large due to the larger ratio, resulting in the insulating isolation structure needing to cover more collector electrodes with opposite polarities to prevent short circuits, reducing the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure, reducing the connection stress between the battery body and the insulating isolation structure, and reducing the warping height of the battery body.

[0018] As a possible implementation scheme, along the second direction, the number of rows of collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 9.

[0019] In this way, along the second direction, the number of rows of collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the permissible offset of the conductive window and / or the back contact battery along the second direction due to the small number of rows, and the permissible offset of the conductive window due to the expansion and contraction of the insulating material layer itself, further reducing the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries. In addition, it can also prevent the insulating isolation structure from covering a larger area due to the large number of rows, which is conducive to further reducing the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure, reducing the connection stress between the battery body and the insulating isolation structure, and reducing the warping height of the battery body.

[0020] As a possible implementation scheme, the above-mentioned insulating isolation structure includes a plurality of insulating isolation groups spaced apart along the second direction. Each insulating isolation group covers an adjacent area of ​​a single collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and having opposite polarity. Each insulating isolation group includes at least one insulating isolation portion. The number of insulating isolation groups exposed by the conductive window is greater than the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed on at least one side of the same conductive window along the second direction.

[0021] In this way, the collector electrodes with opposite polarities are alternately spaced and distributed along the second direction. Based on this, when the insulating isolation structure includes a plurality of insulating isolation groups spaced and distributed along the second direction, the collector electrodes adjacent to the interconnection structure and with the same polarity can be exposed outside the insulating isolation structure. At this time, the risk of leakage will not be increased, and the coverage area of ​​the insulating isolation structure on the battery body can be reduced, and the consumables used in the insulating isolation structure and the connection stress between the insulating isolation structure and the battery body can be reduced. In addition, when the number of insulating isolation groups exposed by the conductive window is greater than the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed on at least one side of the same conductive window along the second direction, the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed outside the conductive window is small (this part plays a role in preparing for short circuit prevention), and most of the insulating isolation groups play a substantial role in preventing short circuits, so that under the premise of preventing short circuits, within the range allowed by process accuracy, the number of insulating isolation groups corresponding to a single conductive window is reduced as much as possible, and the coverage area of ​​the insulating isolation structure on the battery body is further reduced.

[0022] As a possible implementation scheme, at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and with opposite polarity. Along the first direction, the width of the portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect described above that the ratio of the width of the portion of at least one insulating isolation portion covering a single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window along the first direction is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.9, which will not be repeated here.

[0023] As a possible implementation, at least one insulating spacer covers the end of at least one collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and having opposite polarity, and the insulating spacer extends a distance of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm along the first direction relative to the edge of the end.

[0024] In this way, the distance that at least one insulating isolation part extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end is within the above range, which helps to prevent the insulating isolation part from covering the end of the collector electrode with opposite polarity due to the short distance, thereby further reducing the risk of leakage. In addition, it can also prevent the use of large consumables of the insulating isolation structure due to the long distance, and prevent the connection stress between the insulating isolation structure and the battery body from being too large, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module and improving the yield of the back contact battery.

[0025] As a possible implementation scheme, a connecting electrode is further provided on the back side of the above-mentioned back contact battery. The connecting electrode is electrically connected to at least one interconnection structure and extends along the second direction. The connecting electrode is electrically connected to at least part of the collector electrodes with the same polarity as itself, and a connecting electrode with the opposite polarity to itself is provided at the interval between at least one pair of collector electrodes adjacent along the first direction. In this case, it is beneficial to reduce the transmission loss of carriers on the collector electrodes and reduce the risk of difficulty in extracting carriers after the collector electrodes are disconnected.

[0026] As a possible implementation scheme, among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure is a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connection electrode is a second type of collector electrode. In addition, the distance along the first direction from the edge of the end of the first type of collector electrode of the insulating isolation structure is greater than the distance along the first direction from the edge of the end of the second type of collector electrode of the same insulating isolation structure.

[0027] With such a configuration, it can be understood that, among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the straight-line distance between the end of the first type of collector electrode and the interconnection structure adjacent to the first type of collector electrode with opposite polarity is smaller than the straight-line distance between the end of the second type of collector electrode and the interconnection structure adjacent to the first type of collector electrode with opposite polarity. Moreover, the back-contact battery is electrically coupled to the conductive circuit layer through the interconnection structure, so compared with the second type of collector electrode, the end of the first type of collector electrode with a smaller spacing from the interconnection structure adjacent to the first type of collector electrode with opposite polarity has a higher risk of leakage. Based on this, the distance along the first direction from the edge of the insulating isolation structure relative to the end of the first type of collector electrode is set to be greater than the distance along the first direction from the edge of the same insulating isolation structure relative to the end of the second type of collector electrode, which can enhance the insulation characteristics of the insulating isolation structure covering the end of the first type of collector electrode, reduce the risk of leakage at the end of the first type of collector electrode, and improve the electrical performance of the back-contact battery. In addition, the same insulating isolation structure extends a shorter distance along the first direction relative to the edge of the second type of collecting electrode end with lower leakage risk. While reducing the risk of leakage, the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure can be saved, thereby reducing costs and helping to reduce the warping height of the battery body of the back-contact battery, thereby improving the yield of the back-contact battery.

[0028] As a possible implementation scheme, among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure is a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connecting electrode is a second type of collector electrode. Along the first direction, the width of the connecting electrode is smaller than the width of the interconnection structure. The width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering the second type of collector electrode is greater than the width of the portion of the same insulating isolation structure covering the first type of collector electrode.

[0029] In this way, in order to reduce the risk of leakage, the end of the collecting electrode needs to have a certain distance from the interconnection structure and the connecting electrode with the opposite polarity to itself. Based on this, in order to reduce the difficulty of electrode structure design and manufacturing, the above-mentioned distances for suppressing leakage are roughly the same. In this case, when the size of the conductive window is fixed, when the width of the connecting electrode is smaller than the width of the interconnection structure along the first direction, the second type of collecting electrode where the extension line intersects with the connecting electrode has a larger exposed length than the first type of collecting electrode where the extension line intersects with the interconnection structure. Therefore, the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering the second type of collecting electrode is set to be greater than the width of the portion of the same insulating isolation structure covering the first type of collecting electrode. This can further reduce the risk of leakage, and at the same time, it is beneficial to increase the allowable offset of the conductive window and / or the back contact battery along the second direction, and further reduce the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, as well as the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries.

[0030] As a possible implementation scheme, all the collector electrodes arranged on the back side of the same back contact battery are third-type collector electrodes. Along the first direction, a plurality of third-type collector electrodes with the same polarity and arranged at intervals are distributed among the corresponding collector electrodes located in the same row. In addition, the insulating isolation structure covers the end of the third-type collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with the opposite polarity.

[0031] As a possible implementation scheme, all the collector electrodes arranged on the back side of the same back contact battery include a third type of collector electrode and a fourth type of collector electrode. Along the first direction, a plurality of third type of collector electrodes with the same polarity and arranged at intervals are distributed in the corresponding collector electrodes located in the same row. Along the first direction, only a single fourth collector electrode is distributed in the corresponding collector electrodes located in the same row. The collector electrode whose extension direction intersects with the interconnection structure with the opposite polarity is the third type of collector electrode. At least part of the collector electrodes whose extension direction does not intersect with the interconnection structure are the fourth type of collector electrodes. At least one insulating isolation structure covers the end of the third type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with the opposite polarity, and covers the adjacent area of ​​the fourth type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with the opposite polarity. In this case, the dead area ratio of the back contact battery can be reduced, ensuring that the collector electrode has a higher carrier collection efficiency and improving the working performance of the back contact battery.

[0032] As a possible implementation, the size of at least one conductive window is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.8 mm. In this case, the size of the conductive window can be prevented from being too large or too small, and the beneficial effect of preventing the size of the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to above and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of a back contact battery in the related art;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating material layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 5 ;

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 6 ;

[0042] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 7 ;

[0043] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the collector electrode, the interconnection structure and the conductive window on the back side of the back contact battery in the embodiment of the present application Figure 8 ;

[0044] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the morphology of a conductive window provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Reference numerals: 11 is an insulating material layer, 12 is a conductive window, 13 is a back contact battery, 14 is a collecting electrode, 15 is an interconnection structure, 16 is an insulating isolation structure, and 17 is a connecting electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present application.

[0047] Various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified for clearer expression, and some details may be omitted. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs. Unless there are technical obstacles or contradictions, the various technical features disclosed in the present application can be freely combined to form other embodiments, and these other embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] In the context of the present application, when a layer / element is referred to as being "on" another layer / element, the layer / element may be directly on the other layer / element, or there may be an intermediate layer / element between them. In addition, if a layer / element is "on" another layer / element in one orientation, then when the orientation is reversed, the layer / element may be "under" the other layer / element. In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] At present, solar cells are used more and more widely as a new energy alternative. Among them, photovoltaic solar cells are devices that convert sunlight into electrical energy. Specifically, solar cells use the principle of photovoltaics to generate carriers, and then use electrodes to lead out the carriers, thereby facilitating the effective use of electrical energy. Among them, when the positive and negative electrodes included in the solar cell are both located on the back of the solar cell, the solar cell is a back-contact cell. Because the front of the back-contact cell is not affected by the metal electrode, it has a higher short-circuit current Isc, which is one of the current technical directions for realizing high-efficiency crystalline silicon cells.

[0052] In addition, in the actual application process, multiple back contact cells are usually connected in series to form a back contact cell string to increase the output voltage of the photovoltaic module, and multiple back contact cell strings are connected in parallel to increase the output current, so that the output power of the photovoltaic module meets the working requirements. Specifically, the photovoltaic module includes a conductive circuit layer, an insulating material layer, a back contact battery group layer, a packaging material layer and a transparent cover layer stacked together from bottom to top. Among them, the back contact battery group layer includes a plurality of back contact battery strings extending along the first direction and spaced along the second direction, and each back contact battery string includes a plurality of back contact batteries spaced along the first direction. Different back contact battery strings are connected in parallel through the conductive circuit layer, and different back contact batteries included in the same back contact battery string are connected in series through the conductive circuit layer. The insulating material layer is used to isolate the back contact battery group layer from the conductive circuit layer to prevent short circuit. In addition, a plurality of conductive windows are provided through the insulating material layer to achieve coupling between the back contact battery group layer and the conductive circuit layer.

[0053] In order to effectively collect the carriers generated by the back-contact battery, the minimum spacing between the positive and negative electrodes of each back-contact battery is usually set to be small, resulting in the close arrangement of the collector electrode included in the positive electrode and the collector electrode included in the negative electrode around the coupling point between each back-contact battery and the conductive circuit layer. In order to prevent the collector electrode included in the positive electrode and the collector electrode included in the negative electrode from connecting to the conductive circuit layer through the conductive window opened in the above-mentioned insulating material layer and causing a short circuit, the size of the conductive window set in the insulating material layer is limited. In addition, the insulating material usually has a certain degree of elasticity, which may also cause the displacement of the conductive window set in the insulating material layer to be unable to align with the interconnection structure. If the offset is too large, it will cause electrical transmission obstacles. In this case, if Figure 1 As shown, in the actual manufacturing process of the above-mentioned photovoltaic modules, the composite precision requirements between the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, as well as the layout precision requirements for the back contact cells are relatively high, resulting in greater difficulty in manufacturing the photovoltaic modules. If there is a relative offset between the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and / or the distribution positions of different back contact cells 13 on the conductive backplane are offset, and / or the insulating material layer itself expands and contracts, resulting in the offset of the conductive window, the conductive window 12 set in the insulating material layer will not only expose the interconnection structure 15 of the same polarity, but also expose the collector electrode 14 of the opposite polarity due to the offset, resulting in a greatly increased risk of short circuit and a reduced yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes: a conductive backplane, and a back contact battery group arranged on the conductive backplane. The conductive backplane includes a conductive circuit layer, and an insulating material layer located between the conductive circuit layer and the back contact battery group. Figures 2 to 4As shown, a plurality of conductive windows 12 distributed in an array are provided through the insulating material layer 11. The back contact battery pack includes a plurality of back contact batteries 13 distributed in an array. A collector electrode 14, an interconnection structure 15 and an insulating isolation structure 16 are provided on the back of each back contact battery 13. Different collector electrodes 14 with opposite polarities included in the same back contact battery 13 extend along a first direction and are alternately spaced along a second direction, and the second direction is different from the first direction. Each interconnection structure 15 is electrically connected to a collector electrode 14 with the same polarity as itself. The interconnection structure 15 is arranged corresponding to the conductive window 12, and each interconnection structure 15 is electrically connected to a portion of the conductive circuit layer exposed in the corresponding conductive window 12 through the corresponding conductive window 12. At least some of the collector electrodes 14 with the same polarity are distributed at intervals along the first direction, and an interconnection structure 15 with a polarity opposite to itself is arranged at the interval between at least one pair of adjacent collector electrodes 14 along the first direction. The insulating isolation structure 16 is arranged corresponding to the interconnection structure 15, and each insulating isolation structure 16 covers the adjacent areas of at least two collector electrodes 14 adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and with opposite polarities. Each insulating isolation structure 16 includes a plurality of insulating isolation parts distributed at intervals, and the adjacent area is the adjacent area of ​​the interconnection structure 15 with a polarity opposite to itself in the corresponding collector electrode 14.

[0055] The conductive circuit layer included in the conductive backplane can be a patterned conductor, so each interconnection structure included in different back contact cells is respectively coupled with the portion of the conductive circuit layer exposed in the corresponding conductive window, so that multiple back contact cell strings can be connected in parallel through the conductive circuit layer, and different back contact cells included in each back contact cell string can be connected in series through the conductive circuit layer, so as to realize the electrical connection between different back contact cells in the back contact cell group, so that the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module can meet the working requirements. Figures 2 to 4As shown, the insulating material layer 11 included in the conductive backplane is a film layer with insulating properties, which is arranged between the conductive backplane and the back contact battery group, and a conductive window 12 for coupling is opened on it. Based on this, the insulating material layer 11 is used to define the position where each interconnection structure 15 included in each back contact battery 13 is coupled with the conductive circuit layer, so that different back contact batteries 13 in the back contact battery group can be electrically connected through the patterned conductive circuit layer and in a preset manner, and can also prevent the interconnection structure 15 included in the same back contact battery 13 and the collector electrode 14 adjacent to itself and with opposite polarity from being connected to the conductive circuit layer through the conductive window 12 to cause a short circuit, so that the photovoltaic module has higher electrical reliability. In the above case, in addition to the collector electrode 14 for collecting carriers and the interconnection structure 15 for assisting current collection and interconnection, an insulating isolation structure 16 is also provided on the back of each back contact battery 13. Each insulating isolation structure 16 covers the vicinity of at least two collector electrodes 14 adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and having opposite polarities. At this time, only the collector electrodes 14 adjacent to the interconnection structure 15 and having the same polarity are exposed outside the insulating isolation structure 16 . Based on this, in the actual manufacturing process, even if the size of the conductive window 12 is increased, an offset occurs when the insulating material layer 11 is covered on the conductive circuit layer, the insulating material layer 11 itself expands and contracts, causing the conductive window to be offset, and different back contact batteries 13 are offset when they are arranged on the insulating material layer 11 (at least one of the above four situations occurs), and the adjacent area of ​​the collector electrode 14 adjacent to the interconnection structure 15 and with opposite polarity is exposed, the exposed adjacent area with opposite polarity can be isolated from the part of the conductive circuit layer corresponding to the conductive window 12 by the insulating isolation structure 16 to prevent short circuit and reduce the risk of leakage. At the same time, the requirements for the accuracy of opening the conductive window 12, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer 11 and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy of different back contact batteries 13 can also be reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of photovoltaic modules and improving the yield of photovoltaic modules. Furthermore, the insulating isolation structure 16 covers the vicinity of at least two collecting electrodes 14 which are adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and have opposite polarities, but does not cover the corresponding areas of all collecting electrodes 14 which have opposite polarities to the corresponding interconnection structure 15. Under the premise of preventing short circuit, the use of consumables of the insulating isolation structure 16 can be saved, the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module can be saved, and the warping height of the battery body of the back contact battery 13 after the insulating isolation structure 16 is formed can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the back contact battery 13.

[0056] In the actual application process, for the above-mentioned back contact battery group, in the same back contact battery string, the series connection between different back contact batteries can increase the output voltage of the photovoltaic module. And, the parallel connection of different back contact battery strings can increase the output current of the photovoltaic module. Based on this, the number of back contact battery strings included in the back contact battery group and the number of back contact batteries included in each back contact battery string can be determined according to the requirements for the output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module in the actual application scenario. As for the extension direction of the back contact battery string (i.e., the second direction) and the distribution direction of different back contact battery strings (i.e., the first direction), it can be set according to the distribution of the positive and negative electrodes of the back contact battery and the actual needs, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0057] From a structural point of view, the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the structure of the back-contact battery, as long as the solar cell has both the positive and negative electrodes located on the back. Exemplarily, the back-contact battery may include a semiconductor substrate, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode. The back of the semiconductor substrate has N-type regions and P-type regions that are alternately spaced. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are both formed on the backlight side of the semiconductor substrate, and the positive electrode forms an ohmic contact with the P-type region, and the negative electrode forms an ohmic contact with the N-type region.

[0058] As for the positive electrode and negative electrode included in the above-mentioned back contact battery, the specific structures of the two can be determined according to the type of battery. Figure 5 As shown, the above-mentioned back contact battery 13 can be a busbar-free back contact battery. At this time, in the busbar-free back contact battery, the collector electrodes 14 included in the positive and negative electrodes extend along the first direction and are alternately arranged in the second direction. In the above case, all the collector electrodes included in the positive and negative electrodes can be third-type collector electrodes, and along the first direction, a plurality of third-type collector electrodes with the same polarity and arranged at intervals are distributed in the collector electrodes located in the same row. An interconnection structure with the opposite polarity to itself is arranged between at least one pair of third-type collector electrodes, and the interconnection structure is electrically connected to the third-type collector electrode with the same polarity as itself. Alternatively, among all the collector electrodes included in the positive and negative electrodes, some of the collector electrodes are third-type collector electrodes, and the remaining collector electrodes are fourth-type collector electrodes; along the first direction, a plurality of third-type collector electrodes with the same polarity and arranged at intervals are distributed in the collector electrodes located in the same row. An interconnection structure with the opposite polarity to itself is arranged between at least one pair of third-type collector electrodes. Along the first direction, only a single fourth-type collector electrode is distributed in the collector electrodes located in the same row. The interconnection structure is electrically connected to at least a third type of current collecting electrode having the same polarity as the interconnection structure.

[0059] Or, if Figure 3As shown, the back contact battery 13 can also be a main grid back contact battery. In this case, the positive electrode and the negative electrode included in the back contact battery 13 both include a plurality of bus electrodes and a plurality of collector electrodes 14. Among them, in each back contact battery 13, the bus electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode extend along the second direction and are alternately spaced along the first direction. Each bus electrode is connected to a collector electrode 14 with the same polarity. The collector electrodes 14 included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode extend along the first direction and are alternately spaced along the second direction. Each collector electrode 14 is electrically insulated from the bus electrode with the opposite polarity. Specifically, in the case where the back contact battery is a main grid back contact battery, all the collector electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be third-type collector electrodes, and along the first direction, a plurality of third-type collector electrodes with the same polarity and spaced are distributed in the collector electrodes located in the same row, and an interconnection structure 15 with the opposite polarity to itself is arranged between at least one pair of third-type collector electrodes, and the interconnection structure 15 is electrically connected to the third-type collector electrode with the same polarity as itself. Alternatively, among all the collecting electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode, only some of the collecting electrodes may be the third type of collecting electrodes, and the remaining collecting electrodes may be the fourth type of collecting electrodes (the specific structures of the third type of collecting electrodes and the fourth type of collecting electrodes can be referred to the previous text and will not be repeated here); and, among all the collecting electrodes, at least the collecting electrode whose extended line intersects with the interconnection structure 15 with the opposite polarity to itself is the third type of collecting electrode, and the remaining fourth type of collecting electrodes and the bus electrode with the opposite polarity to itself can be electrically insulated by insulating materials such as insulating glue. In addition, all the bus electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be first-type bus electrodes, and only a single first-type bus electrode is distributed in the bus electrodes located in the same column along the second direction, and the single bus electrode is electrically connected to all the collector electrodes with the same polarity as itself; or, in the case where some of the collector electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode are fourth-type collector electrodes, all of the bus electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be second-type bus electrodes, and a plurality of second-type bus electrodes are distributed in the bus electrodes located in the same column along the second direction. The fourth-type collector electrode is separated from the second-type bus electrode with the opposite polarity to itself by the interval between two adjacent second-type bus electrodes along the second direction; or only some of the bus electrodes are first-type bus electrodes and the rest are second-type bus electrodes, in which case the fourth-type collector electrode may be separated from the first-type bus electrode with the opposite polarity to itself by an insulating material, and separated from the second-type bus electrode with the opposite polarity to itself by the interval between two adjacent second-type bus electrodes along the second direction.

[0060] It should be noted that when the back contact cell is a main grid back contact cell, the interconnection structure can be considered as a part of the bus electrode. Along the first direction, the width of the interconnection structure can be the same as the width of the bus electrode, or the width of the interconnection structure can be greater than the width of the bus electrode. In addition, the widths of different areas of the bus electrode along the second direction can be the same or different. Of course, the interconnection structure can also be a structure that is separately arranged on the bus electrode or arranged on one side of the bus electrode along the first direction, and is used to achieve interconnection. In this case, the interconnection structure is not a part of the bus electrode, and the length of the interconnection structure along the second direction can be set according to actual needs, and is not specifically limited here.

[0061] Exemplarily, when the spacing between two adjacent collector electrodes with the same polarity along the second direction is P, the length of at least one interconnection structure along the second direction may be greater than P and less than 2P. For example, the length of at least one interconnection structure along the second direction may be 1.1P, 1.2P, 1.3P, 1.4P, 1.5P, 1.6P, 1.7P, 1.8P or 1.9P. In this case, the length of the interconnection structure along the second direction is within the above range, which can prevent the interconnection area between the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer from being too small due to the short length of the interconnection structure, thereby ensuring good contact between the back contact cell and the conductive circuit layer, improving the structural strength of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the transmission loss between the back contact cell and the conductive circuit layer. In addition, it can also prevent the spacing between adjacent interconnect structures and the spacing between adjacent conductive windows from being smaller due to the larger length of the interconnect structure, reduce the difficulty of opening conductive windows in the insulating material layer, reduce the risk of leakage between adjacent interconnect structures with opposite polarities, and at the same time prevent the connection stress between the interconnect structure and the battery body of the back-contact battery from being larger due to the larger length of the interconnect structure, thereby improving the yield of the back-contact battery.

[0062] In addition, a collector electrode included in the positive electrode has an opposite polarity to a collector electrode included in the negative electrode (or a bus electrode included in the negative electrode), and has the same polarity as another collector electrode included in the positive electrode (or a bus electrode included in the positive electrode). Similarly, a bus electrode included in the positive electrode has an opposite polarity to a collector electrode included in the negative electrode (or a bus electrode included in the negative electrode), and has the same polarity as another bus electrode included in the positive electrode (or a collector electrode included in the positive electrode). Accordingly, the situation of electrodes with the same or opposite polarity corresponding to the collector electrode and bus electrode included in the negative electrode can be referred to the previous text and will not be repeated here.

[0063] Furthermore, when the back contact battery is a main grid-free back contact battery, the number and morphology of the collecting electrodes included in the positive and negative electrodes respectively, and the spacing between the collecting electrode included in the positive electrode and the collecting electrode included in the adjacent negative electrode along the second direction; when the back contact battery is a main grid back contact battery, the number and morphology of the collecting electrodes and bus electrodes included in the positive and negative electrodes respectively, the spacing between the collecting electrode included in the positive electrode and the collecting electrode included in the adjacent negative electrode along the second direction, and the spacing between the bus electrode included in the positive electrode and the bus electrode included in the adjacent negative electrode along the first direction; as well as the spacing between the end of the collecting electrode and the interconnection structure with opposite polarity to itself and adjacent to it, can be determined according to the requirements for carrier collection and leakage prevention in the actual application scenario, as long as it can be applied to the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Exemplarily, the spacing between the above interconnection structure and the end of the collector electrode that is adjacent to the collector electrode and has the opposite polarity to itself may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.5 mm. For example, the spacing between the interconnection structure and the end of the collector electrode that is adjacent to the collector electrode and has the opposite polarity to itself may be 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm or 1.5 mm, etc. In this case, the spacing between the interconnection structure and the end of the collector electrode that is adjacent to the collector electrode and has the opposite polarity to itself is within the above range, which is beneficial to prevent the high risk of leakage between the collector electrode and the interconnection structure that is adjacent to the collector electrode and has the opposite polarity to itself due to the small spacing, and is beneficial to improving the working performance of the back contact battery. In addition, it can also prevent the low carrier collection ability of the collector electrode due to the large spacing, and reduce the carrier recombination rate on the backlight side of the back contact battery.

[0065] In one example, if Figures 3 to 5 As shown, a connection electrode 17 may be provided on the back side of the above-mentioned back contact battery 13. The connection electrode 17 is electrically connected to at least one interconnection structure 15 and extends along the second direction. The connection electrode 17 is electrically connected to at least part of the collector electrodes 14 with the same polarity as itself, and a connection electrode 17 with the opposite polarity to itself is provided at the interval between at least one pair of collector electrodes 14 adjacent along the first direction. In this case, it is beneficial to reduce the transmission loss of carriers on the collector electrodes 14 and reduce the risk of difficulty in extracting carriers after the collector electrodes 14 are disconnected.

[0066] The specific structure of the connecting electrode can be determined according to the specific structure of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the back contact battery, and is not specifically limited here.

[0067] For example, Figure 5As shown, in the case where the back contact battery 13 is a main grid-free back contact battery, the connecting electrode 17 can be an electrode segment that is electrically connected only to a portion of the collector electrode 14 with the same polarity as itself and plays an auxiliary busbar function. In this case, the length of a single connecting electrode 17 along the second direction and the location of the connecting electrode 17 on the back side can be set according to actual needs. For example: the back contact battery can include only two groups of connecting electrodes 17, each group of connecting electrodes 17 includes a plurality of connecting electrodes 17 that are spaced apart along the first direction and are only located on the edge interconnect structure 15 (the outermost interconnect structure 15 along the second direction) close to the edge of the battery.

[0068] For example, Figure 3 As shown, in the case where the back contact cell 13 is a busbar back contact cell, the connecting electrode 17 may be a busbar electrode that performs a busbar function. In this case, the number, distribution, and morphology of the connecting electrodes 17 may refer to the number, distribution, and morphology of the busbar electrodes described above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0069] For the above-mentioned insulating isolation structure, the insulating isolation structure covers the vicinity of at least two collector electrodes adjacent to the interconnection structure and having opposite polarities. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the collecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarities are alternately spaced along the second direction. Therefore, when each insulating isolation structure 16 covers the adjacent areas of at least two collecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarities adjacent to the same corresponding interconnection structure 15, the opposite collecting electrode 14 located between the at least two collecting electrodes 14 with opposite polarities adjacent to the same corresponding interconnection structure 15 has at least part of its adjacent area with the interconnection structure 15 exposed outside the insulating isolation structure 16. At this time, the same insulating isolation structure 16 is spaced along the second direction to reduce the consumption of consumables of the insulating isolation structure 16.

[0070] Secondly, the same insulating isolation structure means that different insulating isolation parts adjacent to the same conductive window belong to the same insulating isolation structure. Alternatively, when the back contact battery only includes an interconnection structure and does not include the above-mentioned connecting electrode (or bus electrode), the same insulating isolation structure means that different insulating isolation parts arranged around the same interconnection structure belong to the same insulating isolation structure. Alternatively, when the back contact battery includes an interconnection structure and a connecting electrode (or bus electrode), the same insulating isolation structure means that different insulating isolation parts arranged around the same interconnection structure and the connecting electrode electrically connected to the interconnection structure belong to the same insulating isolation structure.

[0071] In addition, when the different collector electrodes included in the positive electrode and the negative electrode have different extension distributions along the first direction, the collector electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and having opposite polarity have different division standards for adjacent regions on themselves. Accordingly, the insulating isolation structure may have different coverage standards on the collector electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and having opposite polarity.

[0072] For example, Figure 3 As shown, when all the collecting electrodes 14 disposed on the back side of the same back contact cell 13 are the third type of collecting electrodes, the insulating isolation structure 16 covers the end of the third type of collecting electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and having opposite polarity.

[0073] For example, Figure 5 As shown, when all the collector electrodes 14 arranged on the back side of the same back contact battery 13 include the third type of collector electrodes (the collector electrodes 14 whose extension direction intersects with the interconnection structure 15 with the opposite polarity are the third type of collector electrodes) and the fourth type of collector electrodes (at least part of the collector electrodes 14 whose extension direction does not intersect with the interconnection structure 15 are the fourth type of collector electrodes), at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the third type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and with the opposite polarity, and covers the adjacent area of ​​the fourth type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and with the opposite polarity. In this case, the dead area ratio of the back contact battery 13 can be reduced, ensuring that the collector electrode 14 has a higher carrier collection efficiency, and improving the working performance of the back contact battery 13. Among them, the judgment criteria for the adjacent area of ​​the fourth type of collecting electrode adjacent to the interconnection structure 15 and with opposite polarity can be determined according to the requirements for leakage prevention in the actual application scenario, as well as the requirements for the opening accuracy of the conductive window 12, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy of different back contact batteries 13, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0074] In addition, it is understandable that Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, along the first direction, the coverage of the insulating isolation structure 16 on the collector electrode 14 adjacent to the interconnect structure 15 and with opposite polarity directly affects the size of the conductive window 12 along the first direction and / or the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer along the first direction. Specifically, under the premise of preventing short circuit, the larger the width of the insulating isolation structure 16 along the first direction, the larger the size increase of the conductive window 12 along the first direction that it can allow, the allowable offset of the conductive window 12 caused by the expansion and contraction of the insulating material layer 11 itself, and the allowable offset of the conductive window 12 and / or the back contact battery 13 along the first direction. Similarly, along the second direction, the number of collector electrodes 14 covered by the insulating isolation structure 16 directly affects the size of the conductive window 12 along the second direction and / or the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer along the second direction. Based on this, the size of the insulating isolation structure 16 and the number of collecting electrodes 14 covered by the insulating isolation structure 16 can be determined according to the accuracy of opening the conductive window 12 in the actual application scenario, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, the layout accuracy of different back contact batteries 13, and actual needs. No specific limitation is made here.

[0075] Exemplarily, in the case where at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the corresponding collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and having the opposite polarity, along the first direction, the ratio of the width of the portion of the at least one insulating isolation portion covering the single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window may be greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.9. For example, the ratio of the width of the portion of the at least one insulating isolation portion covering the single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window may be 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 or 0.9, etc. In this case, the ratio of the width of the portion of at least one insulating isolation portion covering a single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the width of the portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end from being too small due to the small ratio, resulting in an increase in the size of the conductive window allowed, and a small allowable offset of the conductive window and / or the back contact battery, further reducing the accuracy of opening the conductive window, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the requirements for the layout accuracy of different back contact batteries, and reducing the difficulty of manufacturing photovoltaic modules; it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large due to the small ratio. In addition, it can also prevent the use of consumables of the insulating isolation structure and the risk of warping of the battery body after the insulating isolation structure is formed due to the large width of the portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end due to the large ratio, which is conducive to saving the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module and reducing the risk of damage to the back contact battery; and it can also prevent the conductive window from being too small due to the large ratio, and the beneficial effect of preventing the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to the previous text, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] Exemplarily, in the case where at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the corresponding collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and with opposite polarity, along the first direction, the width of the portion of the at least one insulating isolation portion covering the single end may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm. For example, the width of the portion of the at least one insulating isolation portion covering the single end may be 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm or 1.2 mm, etc. The application principle of the beneficial effect in this case can refer to the application principle of the beneficial effect described above that the ratio of the width of the portion of the at least one insulating isolation portion covering the single end to the size of the corresponding conductive window along the first direction is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.9, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] In addition, in actual application, the widths of the parts of the same insulating isolation structure covering different rows of collector electrodes along the first direction may be the same or different. The size relationship between the widths of the parts of the same insulating isolation structure covering different rows of collector electrodes may be determined according to the morphology of different collector electrodes and the spacing between different collector electrodes and adjacent interconnect structures with opposite polarities to themselves, and is not specifically limited here.

[0078] For example, Figure 7As shown, among the collector electrodes 14 covered by the same insulating isolation structure 16, the collector electrode 14 whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure 15 is a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode 14 whose extension line intersects with the connection electrode 17 is a second type of collector electrode. Along the first direction, the width of the connection electrode 17 is smaller than the width of the interconnection structure 15. Based on this, the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure 16 covering the second type of collector electrode can be greater than the width of the portion of the same insulating isolation structure 16 covering the first type of collector electrode. In this case, in order to reduce the risk of leakage, the end of the collector electrode 14 needs to have a certain distance from the interconnection structure 15 and the connection electrode 17 with opposite polarity to itself. Based on this, in order to reduce the difficulty of electrode structure design and manufacturing, the above-mentioned distances for suppressing leakage are roughly the same. In this case, when the size of the conductive window 12 is fixed, when the width of the connecting electrode 17 along the first direction is smaller than the width of the interconnection structure 15, the exposed length corresponding to the second type of collecting electrode where the extension line intersects with the connecting electrode 17 is larger than that of the first type of collecting electrode where the extension line intersects with the interconnection structure 15. Therefore, the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure 16 covering the second type of collecting electrode is set to be greater than the width of the portion of the same insulating isolation structure 16 covering the first type of collecting electrode, which can further reduce the risk of leakage, and at the same time, it is beneficial to increase the allowable offset of the conductive window 12 and / or the back contact battery 13 along the second direction, and further reduce the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, as well as the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries 13. Specifically, in this case, the difference in width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure 16 on the first type of collecting electrode and the second type of collecting electrode can be determined according to the difference in width between the interconnection structure 15 and the connecting electrode 17, the spacing between the two types of collecting electrodes and the interconnection structure 15, and the manufacturing error and offset of the photovoltaic module, which is not specifically limited here.

[0079] In addition, if Figure 7 As shown, when at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the corresponding collector electrode 14 adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure 15 and having the opposite polarity, the insulating isolation portion can extend a certain distance along the first direction relative to the edge of the end, so as to ensure that the end of the collector electrode 14 adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure 15 and having the opposite polarity is wrapped by the insulating isolation portion to prevent short circuit. The distance that the insulating isolation portion extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end can be set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0080] Exemplarily, in the case where at least one insulating isolation portion covers the end of the corresponding collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with opposite polarity, the distance that at least one insulating isolation portion extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end may be 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm. For example, the distance that at least one insulating isolation portion extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end may be 0.1 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.14 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.16 mm, 0.18 mm or 0.2 mm, etc. In this case, the distance that at least one insulating isolation portion extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the insulating isolation portion from covering the end of the collector electrode with opposite polarity due to the small distance. The insulation isolation characteristics are poor, and the risk of leakage is further reduced. In addition, it can also prevent the use of large consumables of the insulating isolation structure due to the large distance, and the excessive connection stress between the insulating isolation structure and the battery body, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module and improving the yield of the back contact battery.

[0081] It is understandable that, in actual application, the adjacent areas of different opposite-sex collector electrodes near the interconnection structure have different spacings from the interconnection structure. For example: when the back contact electrode also includes a connecting electrode, the adjacent areas of the opposite-sex collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connecting electrode, and the opposite-sex collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure, have different spacings from the interconnection structure. Specifically, if, among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure is defined as a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connecting electrode is defined as a second type of collector electrode, then among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the straight-line distance between the end of the first type of collector electrode and the interconnection structure adjacent to the opposite polarity thereof is smaller than the straight-line distance between the end of the second type of collector electrode and the interconnection structure adjacent to the opposite polarity thereof. Moreover, the back contact cell is electrically coupled to the conductive circuit layer through an interconnection structure, so compared with the opposite-sex collector electrode with a smaller interconnection structure spacing (such as the second type of collector electrode), the end of the collector electrode with opposite polarity and a smaller interconnection structure spacing (such as the first type of collector electrode) has a higher risk of leakage. Based on this, the appropriate distance of the insulating isolation structure extending along the first direction relative to the edge of the end can be determined according to the distribution position of different opposite-sex collector electrodes.

[0082] For example, Figure 8As shown, the distance that the insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end of the first type of collector electrode can be greater than the distance that the same insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end of the second type of collector electrode. In this case, the insulation properties of the insulating isolation structure 16 covering the end of the first type of collector electrode can be enhanced, the leakage risk of the end of the first type of collector electrode can be reduced, and the electrical performance of the back contact battery 13 can be improved. In addition, the distance that the same insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the end of the second type of collector electrode with a lower leakage risk is smaller. Under the premise of reducing the leakage risk, the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure 16 can be saved, reducing costs, and helping to reduce the warping height of the battery body of the back contact battery 13, thereby improving the yield of the back contact battery 13.

[0083] Or, for example, Figure 7 As shown, the distance that the insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the first type of collector electrode end may also be equal to the distance that the same insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the second type of collector electrode end. In this case, the distance that the insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the first type of collector electrode end and the distance that the insulating isolation structure 16 extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the second type of collector electrode end may be set within a relatively large range to reduce the risk of leakage.

[0084] As for the size of the insulating isolation structure along the second direction, Figure 3 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, along the second direction, the number of rows of the collector electrodes 14 covered by the same insulating isolation structure 16 can be greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 9. For example, the number of rows of the collector electrodes 14 covered by the same insulating isolation structure 16 can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. In this case, the number of rows of the collector electrodes 14 covered by the same insulating isolation structure 16 is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the allowable offset of the conductive window 12 and / or the back contact battery 13 along the second direction due to the small number of rows, and the allowable offset of the conductive window 12 due to the expansion and contraction of the insulating material layer itself, further reducing the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries 13. In addition, it can also prevent the insulating isolation structure 16 from having a larger coverage area due to the large number of rows, which is conducive to further reducing the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure 16, reducing the connection stress between the battery body and the insulating isolation structure 16, and reducing the warping height of the battery body.

[0085] In addition, in the actual application process, such as Figure 3As shown, in the case where the above-mentioned insulating isolation structure 16 includes a plurality of insulating isolation groups spaced apart along the second direction, each insulating isolation group covers the vicinity of a single collector electrode 14 adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure 15 and having opposite polarity, and each insulating isolation group includes at least one insulating isolation portion, the number of insulating isolation groups exposed by the conductive window 12 can be greater than the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed on at least one side of the same conductive window 12 along the second direction. In this case, the collector electrodes 14 of opposite polarity are alternately spaced apart along the second direction. Based on this, when the insulating isolation structure 16 includes a plurality of insulating isolation groups spaced apart along the second direction, the collector electrode 14 adjacent to the interconnection structure 15 and having the same polarity can be exposed outside the insulating isolation structure 16, which will not increase the risk of leakage, and can also reduce the coverage area of ​​the insulating isolation portion on the battery body, reduce the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure 16, and reduce the connection stress between the insulating isolation structure 16 and the battery body. In addition, when the number of insulating isolation groups exposed by the conductive window 12 is greater than the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed on at least one side of the same conductive window 12 along the second direction, the number of insulating isolation groups not exposed outside the conductive window 12 is relatively small (this part plays a role in preparing for short circuit prevention), and most of the insulating isolation parts play a substantial role in preventing short circuits, thereby preventing short circuits and reducing the number of insulating isolation parts corresponding to a single conductive window 12 as much as possible within the allowable range of process accuracy, and further reducing the coverage area of ​​the insulating isolation parts on the battery body. Specifically, it can be understood that when the collector electrode covered by the insulating isolation group is a third type of collector electrode, the insulating isolation group includes at least two insulating isolation parts spaced apart along the first direction. When the collector electrode covered by the insulating isolation group is a fourth type of collector electrode, the insulating isolation group may include only a single insulating isolation part, or may include at least two insulating isolation parts spaced apart along the first direction.

[0086] For the above-mentioned conductive circuit layer, the pattern set on the conductive circuit layer can be determined according to the actual application scenario, as long as the different back contact battery strings included in the back contact battery pack can be connected in parallel through the conductive circuit layer, and the different back contact batteries included in the same back contact battery string can be connected in series through the conductive circuit layer.

[0087] In addition, the conductive circuit layer can be a conductive foil with a small thickness and provided with a pattern (such as aluminum foil, copper foil, copper-aluminum foil, copper foil plated with aluminum, copper foil plated with nickel, copper foil plated with tin, aluminum foil plated with copper, aluminum foil plated with tin, aluminum foil plated with nickel, etc.). Alternatively, it can also be a conductive plate with a large thickness (such as an aluminum plate or a copper plate, etc.). Of course, the conductive circuit layer can also include a composite layer of a conductive material and a non-conductive material.

[0088] For the above-mentioned insulating material layer, from the aspect of the arrangement of the conductive windows, the distribution of different conductive windows set on the insulating material layer can be determined according to the coupling positions and coupling areas of the conductive circuit layer with different interconnect structures included in the back contact battery in the actual application scenario.

[0089] In terms of morphology, the shape of the conductive window can be a regular square, rectangle, circle or ellipse, or it can be Fig.11 The shapes of different conductive windows may be the same or different. In addition, as mentioned above, in the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application, an insulating isolation structure is provided on the back side of the back contact cell. The existence of the insulating isolation structure can reduce the requirements for the opening accuracy of the conductive window and the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, which is conducive to increasing the opening size of the conductive window. Based on this, the size of the conductive window can be determined according to the opening accuracy of the conductive window in the actual application scenario, the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, the layout accuracy of the back contact cell, and the size of the insulating isolation structure, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0090] Exemplarily, when the spacing between two adjacent collector electrodes with the same polarity along the second direction is P, the size of at least one conductive window can be greater than 2P and less than 6P. For example, the size of at least one conductive window can be 2.1P, 2.5P, 3P, 3.2P, 3.3P, 3.4P, 3.5P, 3.6P, 3.7P, 3.8P, 3.9P, 4P, 4.5P, 5P, 5.5P or 5.9P, etc. In this case, the size of the conductive window within the above range can prevent the requirements on the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer and the layout accuracy of different back contact cells from being too high due to the size of the conductive window being too small, further reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the photovoltaic module, and at the same time ensuring that the conductive window can expose all the surface areas where the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer are interconnected, ensuring that the interconnection structure and the conductive circuit layer have a larger interconnection area. Secondly, it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large, which may increase the risk of leakage, and help reduce the coverage of the insulating isolation structure, further reduce the warping height of the battery body of the back contact battery after the insulating isolation structure is formed, and reduce the risk of damage to the back contact battery. Specifically, the sizes of different conductive windows of the same shape can be the same or different.

[0091] Exemplarily, the size of at least one conductive window may be greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.8 mm. For example, the size of at least one conductive window may be 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.8 mm, 3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.6 mm or 3.8 mm, etc. In this case, the size of the conductive window can be prevented from being too large or too small, and the beneficial effect of preventing the size of the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to above and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Exemplarily, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the first direction may be greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8. For example, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the first direction may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, etc. In this case, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the first direction is within the above range, which can prevent the size of the conductive window from being too small due to the small ratio. In addition, it can also prevent the size of the conductive window from being too large due to the large ratio, and the beneficial effect of preventing the size of the conductive window from being too large or too small can be referred to the previous text, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] Exemplarily, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the second direction may be greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10. For example, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the second direction may be greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10. In this case, the ratio of the size of the conductive window to the spacing between two conductive windows adjacent along the second direction is within the above range, which is conducive to preventing the conductive window from being too small due to the small ratio, resulting in the conductive window and / or the allowable offset of the back contact battery in the second direction and the allowable offset of the back contact battery being too small, further reducing the composite accuracy of the insulating material layer and the conductive circuit layer, and the layout accuracy requirements of different back contact batteries. In addition, it can also prevent the conductive window from being too large due to the large ratio, resulting in the insulating isolation structure needing to cover more collector electrodes with opposite polarities to prevent short circuits, reducing the amount of consumables used in the insulating isolation structure, reducing the connection stress between the battery body and the insulating isolation structure, and reducing the warping height of the battery body.

[0094] It should be noted that the size of the conductive window can be determined according to the spacing between two different points on the contour of the conductive window along the first direction or the spacing in the second direction. Specifically, the size of the conductive window along the first direction can be the maximum value of the spacing between two different points on the contour of the conductive window along the first direction, and the size of the conductive window along the second direction can be the maximum value of the spacing between two different points on the contour of the conductive window along the second direction. The size of the conductive window can be the larger of the size of the conductive window along the first direction or the size of the conductive window along the second direction. The size of the conductive window can also be determined according to the shape of the conductive window, for example: when the conductive window is circular, the size of the conductive window is the diameter of the circle; when the conductive window is elliptical, the size of the conductive window is the length of the major axis of the ellipse; when the conductive window is square, the size of the conductive window is the side length of the square; when the conductive window is rectangular, the size of the conductive window is the length of the long side of the rectangular; when the conductive window is irregular, the above size determination method can be referred to.

[0095] In addition, the material of the insulating material layer may be insulating materials such as IEP, EPE, and PI.

[0096] In addition, the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include a backplane located on the side of the conductive circuit layer away from the insulating material layer, and a first packaging film located between the backplane and the conductive circuit layer. The material of the backplane may be TPC, PET, TPT, CPC or other materials to prevent the conductive circuit layer from reacting in the external environment and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module. The material of the first packaging film may be POE, EVA, PVB or other materials.

[0097] Secondly, the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application may also include a second encapsulation film disposed on the side of the back contact battery group away from the insulating material layer, and a transparent cover plate located on the second encapsulation film to protect the back contact battery and extend the service life of the photovoltaic module. The material of the second encapsulation film may refer to the material of the first encapsulation film described above. As for the transparent cover plate, the material of the transparent cover plate may include at least one of tempered glass, high-transmittance plastic and silicone rubber.

[0098] In the above description, the technical details of the patterning and etching of each layer are not described in detail. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various technical means can be used to form layers, regions, etc. of desired shapes. In addition, in order to form the same structure, those skilled in the art can also design methods that are not completely the same as the methods described above. In addition, although the various embodiments are described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage.

[0099] The embodiments of the present application are described above. However, these embodiments are only for clearer explanation, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of the present application is limited by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present application, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A conductive back plate, and a back contact battery pack disposed on the conductive back plate; The conductive backplane includes a conductive circuit layer and an insulating material layer located between the conductive circuit layer and the back contact battery group; a plurality of conductive windows distributed in an array are provided through the insulating material layer; The back contact battery group includes a plurality of back contact batteries distributed in an array; a collector electrode, an interconnection structure and an insulating isolation structure are arranged on the back side of each back contact battery; different collector electrodes with opposite polarities included in the same back contact battery extend along a first direction and are alternately and spaced along a second direction, and the second direction is different from the first direction; each interconnection structure is electrically connected to the collector electrode with the same polarity as itself; the interconnection structure is arranged corresponding to the conductive window, and each interconnection structure is electrically connected to the portion of the conductive circuit layer exposed in the corresponding conductive window through the corresponding conductive window; at least part of the collector electrodes with the same polarity are spaced along the first direction, and the interconnection structure with the opposite polarity is arranged at the interval between at least one pair of adjacent collector electrodes along the first direction; the insulating isolation structure is arranged corresponding to the interconnection structure, and each insulating isolation structure covers the adjacent area of ​​at least two collector electrodes adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and with opposite polarity, and each insulating isolation structure includes a plurality of insulating isolation portions spaced apart, and the adjacent area is the adjacent area of ​​the interconnection structure with the opposite polarity in the corresponding collector electrode.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the distance between two adjacent collector electrodes with the same polarity is P; Wherein, the length of at least one of the interconnect structures along the second direction is greater than P and less than 2P; and / or the size of at least one of the conductive windows is greater than 2P and less than 6P.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the insulating isolation portions covers an end portion of the corresponding collector electrode which is adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and has an opposite polarity; along the first direction, a ratio of a width of a portion of the insulating isolation portion covering a single end portion to a size of the corresponding conductive window is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.9; And / or, a ratio of a size of the conductive window to a distance between two adjacent conductive windows along the first direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 8; And / or, a ratio of a size of the conductive window to a distance between two adjacent conductive windows along the second direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the number of rows of the collecting electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 9.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating isolation structure comprises a plurality of insulating isolation groups spaced apart and distributed along the second direction; each of the insulating isolation groups covers an adjacent region of a single collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and having opposite polarity, and each of the insulating isolation groups comprises at least one insulating isolation portion; The number of the insulating isolation groups exposed by the conductive window is greater than the number of the insulating isolation groups not exposed along the second direction and located on at least one side of the same conductive window.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the insulating isolation portions covers the end of the corresponding collecting electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnect structure and with opposite polarity; along the first direction, the width of the portion of the insulating isolation portion covering the single end is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting electrode is also provided on the back side of the back-contact battery; the connecting electrode is electrically connected to at least one of the interconnection structures and extends along the second direction; the connecting electrode is electrically connected to at least part of the collecting electrodes with the same polarity as itself, and a connecting electrode with the opposite polarity to itself is provided at the interval between at least one pair of adjacent collecting electrodes along the first direction.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure is a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connecting electrode is a second type of collector electrode; The distance that the insulating isolation structure extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the first type of collector electrode end is greater than the distance that the same insulating isolation structure extends along the first direction relative to the edge of the second type of collector electrode end.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: Among the collector electrodes covered by the same insulating isolation structure, the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the interconnection structure is a first type of collector electrode, and the collector electrode whose extension line intersects with the connecting electrode is a second type of collector electrode; Along the first direction, the width of the connecting electrode is smaller than the width of the interconnection structure; the width of the portion of the insulating isolation structure covering the second type of collecting electrode is larger than the width of the portion of the same insulating isolation structure covering the first type of collecting electrode.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the collector electrodes arranged on the back side of the same back contact battery are third type collector electrodes; along the first direction, a plurality of third type collector electrodes having the same polarity and arranged at intervals are distributed in the corresponding collector electrodes located in the same row; The insulating isolation structure covers the end of the third type of collector electrode which is adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and has opposite polarity.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the collector electrodes arranged on the back side of the same back contact battery include third-type collector electrodes and fourth-type collector electrodes; along the first direction, the corresponding collector electrodes located in the same row are provided with a plurality of third-type collector electrodes having the same polarity and arranged at intervals; Along the first direction, only a single fourth collecting electrode is distributed among the corresponding collecting electrodes located in the same row; The collector electrode whose extension direction intersects with the interconnection structure having the opposite polarity thereof is the third type of collector electrode; At least part of the collector electrodes whose extension direction does not intersect with the interconnection structure is a fourth type of collector electrode; At least one of the insulating isolation structures covers an end portion of the third type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and having opposite polarity, and covers an adjacent region of the fourth type of collector electrode adjacent to the corresponding interconnection structure and having opposite polarity.

12. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The size of at least one of the conductive windows is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 3.8 mm.

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