Water and fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkling irrigation system and method suitable for landscape greening

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer integrated automatic micro-spray irrigation system and method suitable for landscape greening. The system comprises a plant information module, a soil information acquisition module, a strategy making module and a micro-spray irrigation module. The plant information module is used for acquiring growth environment information of to-be-irrigated plants; the soil information acquisition module is used for acquiring soil humidity information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of an environment where a plant to be irrigated is located; the strategy making module makes an irrigation strategy based on the growth environment information, the soil humidity information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential; and the micro-spray irrigation module is used for preparing a nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy and controlling micro-spray irrigation of water and / or the nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy. The system can effectively solve the problems of difficulty in landscape greening fertilization and water and fertilizer integrated application and the like, can realize automatic and intelligent management, and achieves the remarkable effects of energy saving, water saving, fertilizer saving and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic irrigation, and in particular relates to a water-fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkler irrigation system and method suitable for landscape greening. Background Art

[0002] Landscape greening is generally densely planted, and is planted in scenic spots. The requirements for water and fertilizer application in cultivation management are relatively strict. Generally, it is necessary to take into account the common requirements of each variety in the green plant group (often three-dimensional planting) for water and nutrition. Water management should not be too dry or too wet, and foliar spraying is usually not required (considering that some flowering plants cannot be watered on the leaves); fertilizer application should not be too much or too frequent, nor too little or too small. It is usually not good to use solid fertilizer for ground application (considering that ground-applied fertilizer is too concentrated and difficult to dissolve) or liquid fertilizer for foliar spraying (considering that some plants, especially flowering plants, cannot be sprayed with foliar fertilizer to avoid affecting the ornamental effect). Therefore, maintaining appropriate soil moisture and nutrient levels is very important for the normal growth and development of landscape greening and good landscape effects, and is also conducive to convenient management of landscape greening and reducing management costs. Landscape greening land often has a large proportion of sandy soil, which causes serious water and fertilizer leakage. If water and fertilizer management is not in place, some seedlings may grow poorly or even die due to lack of water and fertilizer, affecting the overall landscape effect. Even the growth effect of individual replanting and the short-term landscape effect are not good. The water-fertilizer integration and automated micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscape greening can solve the technical bottleneck problem in landscape greening cultivation management, achieve better landscape greening cultivation management benefits and maintain better landscape effects for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provides the following solutions:

[0004] An integrated water and fertilizer automated micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscape greening, comprising: a plant information module, a soil information collection module, a strategy formulation module and a micro-sprinkler irrigation module;

[0005] The plant information module is used to obtain the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated;

[0006] The soil information collection module is used to collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located;

[0007] The strategy formulation module formulates an irrigation strategy based on the growth environment information, the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential;

[0008] The micro-sprinkler irrigation module prepares nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy, and controls micro-sprinkler irrigation of water and nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy.

[0009] Preferably, the plant information module comprises: an image acquisition unit, a plant identification unit and a database unit;

[0010] The image acquisition unit is used to acquire image information of the plants to be irrigated;

[0011] The plant identification unit is used to identify the image information and obtain the plant category;

[0012] The database unit retrieves the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated based on the plant category.

[0013] Preferably, the soil information collection module includes: a humidity information collection unit, a nutrient information collection unit and a soil matrix potential collection unit;

[0014] The humidity information acquisition unit is used to obtain the real-time soil humidity information;

[0015] The nutrient information acquisition unit is used to obtain real-time soil nutrient information;

[0016] The soil matrix potential acquisition unit is used to obtain the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the wetting front monitoring point.

[0017] Preferably, the policy formulation module includes: an information processing unit and a policy formulation unit;

[0018] The information processing unit is used to process the collected soil moisture information and the soil nutrient information respectively to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information;

[0019] The strategy formulation unit determines the amount of fertilizer to be applied based on the growth environment information and the processed nutrient information;

[0020] The strategy formulation unit also determines the irrigation amount based on the growth environment information, the processed humidity information, the soil matrix potential at the moisture feature point, and the soil matrix potential at the wet front monitoring point;

[0021] The strategy formulation unit also formulates a micro-sprinkler irrigation plan based on the growth environment information, the fertilization amount and the irrigation amount.

[0022] Preferably, the micro-sprinkler irrigation module comprises: a nutrient solution preparation unit, a control unit and a micro-sprinkler irrigation unit;

[0023] The nutrient solution preparation unit prepares the nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the fertilization amount;

[0024] The control unit is used for controlling the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the irrigation amount and the nutrient solution based on the micro-sprinkler irrigation plan.

[0025] The present invention also provides a water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method applicable to landscaping. The micro-sprinkler irrigation method is applied to any of the micro-sprinkler irrigation systems described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0026] Obtaining the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated;

[0027] Collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located;

[0028] Formulate an irrigation strategy based on the growth environment information, the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential;

[0029] A nutrient solution is prepared based on the irrigation strategy, and micro-sprinkling irrigation of water and the nutrient solution is controlled based on the irrigation strategy.

[0030] Preferably, the method for obtaining the growth environment information includes:

[0031] Collect image information of plants to be irrigated;

[0032] Identify the image information to obtain the plant category;

[0033] The growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated is acquired based on the plant category.

[0034] Preferably, the method for collecting the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential includes:

[0035] Using a soil moisture sensor to obtain real-time soil moisture information;

[0036] Using inorganic salt sensors to obtain real-time soil nutrient information;

[0037] The soil matrix potential sensor is used to obtain the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the wetting front monitoring point.

[0038] Preferably, the method for formulating the irrigation strategy comprises:

[0039] Respectively processing the collected soil moisture information and the collected soil nutrient information to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information;

[0040] determining a fertilizer amount based on the growth environment information and the processed nutrient information;

[0041] Determine the irrigation amount based on the growth environment information, the processed humidity information, the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point, and the soil matrix potential at the moist front monitoring point;

[0042] A micro-sprinkler irrigation plan is formulated based on the growth environment information, the fertilization amount and the irrigation amount.

[0043] Preferably, the irrigation method comprises:

[0044] preparing the nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the fertilization amount;

[0045] Based on the micro-sprinkler irrigation plan, the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit is controlled to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the irrigation amount and the nutrient solution.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The use of the water-fertilizer integrated and automated micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscape greening of the present invention can replace the traditional backward and inefficient fertilization and irrigation methods of landscape greening, which involve applying solid fertilizer on the ground and then dissolving it with water, and using foliar spraying or manual irrigation. It can effectively solve the problems of landscape greening fertilization and the difficulty of integrated water-fertilizer application, and can realize automated and intelligent management of application, achieving significant effects such as energy saving, water saving, and fertilizer saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, a water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscaping includes: a plant information module, a soil information collection module, a strategy formulation module and a micro-sprinkler irrigation module.

[0054] The plant information module is used to obtain the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated.

[0055] The plant information module includes: an image acquisition unit, a plant identification unit and a database unit. The image acquisition unit is used to acquire image information of the plants to be irrigated; the plant identification unit is used to identify the image information and obtain the plant category; the database unit retrieves the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated based on the plant category.

[0056] In this embodiment, the image acquisition unit uses a high-definition camera to collect color image information of the plants to be irrigated. The plant recognition unit first preprocesses the obtained color image information, and then recognizes the preprocessed image information. Specifically, the preprocessing method includes: grayscale transformation of the color image, converting the color image into a grayscale image to reduce the data dimension; then using a Gaussian filter to remove noise from the grayscale image, and the Gaussian filter formula is:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, x represents the horizontal coordinate of the grayscale image pixel, y represents the vertical coordinate of the grayscale image pixel, and σ represents the standard deviation of the Gaussian kernel; then the image is enhanced by histogram equalization, and the image edge is enhanced by the Laplace operator; finally, the edge-enhanced grayscale image is converted into a color image. The recognition method includes: firstly, a convolutional neural network is trained using a plant image data set to obtain a plant recognition model, and then the obtained plant recognition model is used to recognize the edge-enhanced color image to obtain the category of the plant to be irrigated. The database unit stores the growth environment information required for all landscape plants, and the relevant growth environment information is extracted from the stored data after the plant recognition unit recognizes the plant category information.

[0059] The soil information collection module is used to collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located.

[0060] The soil information collection module includes: a humidity information collection unit, a nutrient information collection unit and a soil matrix potential collection unit. The humidity information collection unit is used to obtain real-time soil humidity information; the nutrient information collection unit is used to obtain real-time soil nutrient information; the soil matrix potential collection unit is used to obtain the soil matrix potential of the moisture feature point and the soil matrix potential of the wet front monitoring point.

[0061] In this embodiment, the humidity information acquisition unit adopts a soil humidity sensor, and uses the soil humidity sensor to collect soil humidity information in real time; the nutrient information acquisition unit adopts an inorganic salt sensor, and uses the inorganic salt sensor to collect nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content data in the soil in real time; the soil matrix potential acquisition unit adopts a soil matrix potential sensor and a moist front sensor, and uses the soil matrix potential sensor to collect soil matrix potential, including: soil matrix potential at moisture characteristic points and soil matrix potential at moist front monitoring points. The moist front sensor is buried at the corresponding moist layer depth according to the plant species, and is used to monitor the soil humidity information of the moist layer in real time.

[0062] The strategy formulation module formulates irrigation strategies based on growth environment information, soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential.

[0063] The strategy formulation module includes: an information processing unit and a strategy formulation unit. The information processing unit is used to process the collected soil moisture information and soil nutrient information respectively to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information; the strategy formulation unit determines the amount of fertilizer (nutrient solution concentration and dosage) based on the growth environment information and processed nutrient information; the strategy formulation unit also determines the amount of irrigation based on the growth environment information, processed moisture information, soil matrix potential at the moisture feature point, and soil matrix potential at the wet front monitoring point; the strategy formulation unit also formulates a sprinkler irrigation plan based on the growth environment information, fertilizer amount (nutrient solution concentration and dosage) and irrigation amount.

[0064] In this embodiment, the information processing unit first processes the collected soil moisture information and soil nutrient information, specifically including: identifying outliers in the data that do not conform to the expected range or pattern, and deleting the outliers, which may be caused by sensor errors, transmission errors or environmental factors; checking missing values ​​in the data set and filling them with the average value of the data near the missing values; using Kalman filtering to reduce random noise in the data and improve the stability and accuracy of the data; performing consistency checks on the data to ensure the consistency of the data in the time series, such as checking whether the timestamps are continuous and whether the data is recorded in the correct time sequence; finally, converting the data into a unified format for easy analysis and processing, including standardization of date and time formats, numerical units, encoding methods, etc. The strategy formulation unit first obtains the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the current soil based on the processed nutrient information, and then determines the required soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content based on the growth environment information of the plant type to be irrigated, and determines the amount of fertilizer by calculating the difference; then, the current soil moisture content is obtained based on the processed humidity information, and then the required soil moisture is determined based on the growth environment information of the plant type to be irrigated, and then the irrigation amount is calculated using the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the moist front monitoring point; finally, a sprinkler irrigation plan is formulated based on the amount of fertilizer and irrigation.

[0065] The micro-sprinkler irrigation module prepares nutrient solution based on an irrigation strategy, and controls micro-sprinkler irrigation of water and nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy.

[0066] The micro-sprinkler irrigation module includes: a nutrient solution preparation unit, a control unit and a micro-sprinkler irrigation unit. The nutrient solution preparation unit prepares the nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the amount of fertilizer applied (water-fertilizer integration); the control unit is used to control the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the amount of water and / or nutrient solution based on the micro-sprinkler irrigation plan.

[0067] In this embodiment, the nutrient solution preparation unit is a nutrient solution preparation tank, and water and soluble fertilizer are added to the nutrient solution preparation tank according to the obtained fertilizer application amount and stirred to obtain a nutrient solution that can be used for irrigation. The control unit is used to control the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit to use the nutrient solution for micro-sprinkler irrigation. Specifically, the real-time data of the soil matrix potential sensor at the moisture feature point is compared with the matrix potential lower limit value of the plant at the current stage. When the value of the soil matrix potential sensor is less than the matrix potential lower limit value, the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit is triggered to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation. During the micro-sprinkler irrigation, the real-time data changes of the soil matrix potential sensor at the moist front monitoring point are monitored. When the soil moisture at the moist front monitoring point rises, it indicates that the planned moist layer depth has been reached, and the micro-sprinkler irrigation is stopped.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] In this embodiment, a water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method suitable for landscaping includes the following steps:

[0070] S1. Obtaining the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated.

[0071] The method for obtaining growth environment information includes: collecting image information of plants to be irrigated; identifying the image information to obtain plant categories; and obtaining growth environment information of plants to be irrigated based on the plant categories.

[0072] S2. Collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located.

[0073] The method for collecting soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential includes: using a soil moisture sensor to obtain real-time soil moisture information; using an inorganic salt sensor to obtain real-time soil nutrient information; using a soil matrix potential sensor to obtain the soil matrix potential of a moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential of a moist front monitoring point.

[0074] S3. Formulate irrigation strategies based on growth environment information, soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential.

[0075] The method for formulating an irrigation strategy includes: processing the collected soil moisture information and soil nutrient information respectively to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information; determining the amount of fertilizer based on the growth environment information and the processed nutrient information; determining the amount of irrigation based on the growth environment information, the processed moisture information, the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the moist front monitoring point; formulating a micro-sprinkler irrigation plan based on the growth environment information, the amount of fertilizer and the amount of irrigation.

[0076] S4. Prepare nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy, and control micro-sprinkling irrigation of water and nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy.

[0077] The irrigation method includes: preparing nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the amount of fertilizer applied; and controlling the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the amount of water and / or nutrient solution based on a micro-sprinkler irrigation plan.

[0078] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated water and fertilizer automated micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscape greening, characterized in that: include: Plant information module, soil information collection module, strategy formulation module and micro-sprinkler irrigation module; The plant information module is used to obtain the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated; The soil information collection module is used to collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located; The strategy formulation module formulates an irrigation strategy based on the growth environment information, the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential; The micro-sprinkler irrigation module prepares nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy, and controls micro-sprinkler irrigation of water and nutrient solution based on the irrigation strategy.

2. According to claim 1, a water-fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscaping, characterized in that: The plant information module includes: an image acquisition unit, a plant identification unit and a database unit; The image acquisition unit is used to acquire image information of the plants to be irrigated; The plant identification unit is used to identify the image information and obtain the plant category; The database unit retrieves the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated based on the plant category.

3. According to claim 1, a water-fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscaping, characterized in that: The soil information collection module includes: a humidity information collection unit, a nutrient information collection unit and a soil matrix potential collection unit; The humidity information acquisition unit is used to obtain the real-time soil humidity information; The nutrient information acquisition unit is used to obtain real-time soil nutrient information; The soil matrix potential acquisition unit is used to obtain the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the wetting front monitoring point.

4. According to claim 3, a water-fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscaping is characterized in that: The policy formulation module includes: an information processing unit and a policy formulation unit; The information processing unit is used to process the collected soil moisture information and the soil nutrient information respectively to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information; The strategy formulation unit determines the amount of fertilizer to be applied based on the growth environment information and the processed nutrient information; The strategy formulation unit also determines the irrigation amount based on the growth environment information, the processed humidity information, the soil matrix potential at the moisture feature point, and the soil matrix potential at the wet front monitoring point; The strategy formulation unit also formulates a micro-sprinkler irrigation plan based on the growth environment information, the fertilization amount and the irrigation amount.

5. According to claim 4, a water-fertilizer integrated automatic micro-sprinkler irrigation system suitable for landscaping is characterized in that: The micro-sprinkler irrigation module comprises: a nutrient solution preparation unit, a control unit and a micro-sprinkler irrigation unit; The nutrient solution preparation unit prepares the nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the fertilization amount; The control unit is used for controlling the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the irrigation amount and the nutrient solution based on the micro-sprinkler irrigation plan.

6. An automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method for integrated water and fertilizer application in landscaping, the micro-sprinkler irrigation method being applied to the micro-sprinkler irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining the growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated; Collect soil moisture information, soil nutrient information and soil matrix potential of the environment where the plants to be irrigated are located; Formulate an irrigation strategy based on the growth environment information, the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential; A nutrient solution is prepared based on the irrigation strategy, and micro-sprinkling irrigation of water and the nutrient solution is controlled based on the irrigation strategy.

7. According to claim 6, a water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method suitable for landscaping, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the growth environment information includes: Collect image information of plants to be irrigated; Identify the image information to obtain the plant category; The growth environment information of the plants to be irrigated is acquired based on the plant category.

8. The water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method applicable to landscaping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method for collecting the soil moisture information, the soil nutrient information and the soil matrix potential includes: Using a soil moisture sensor to obtain real-time soil moisture information; Using inorganic salt sensors to obtain real-time soil nutrient information; The soil matrix potential sensor is used to obtain the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point and the soil matrix potential at the wetting front monitoring point.

9. The water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method applicable to landscaping according to claim 8, characterized in that: Methods for developing the irrigation strategy include: Respectively processing the collected soil moisture information and the collected soil nutrient information to obtain processed moisture information and processed nutrient information; determining a fertilizer amount based on the growth environment information and the processed nutrient information; Determine the irrigation amount based on the growth environment information, the processed humidity information, the soil matrix potential at the moisture characteristic point, and the soil matrix potential at the moist front monitoring point; A micro-sprinkler irrigation plan is formulated based on the growth environment information, the fertilization amount and the irrigation amount.

10. The water-fertilizer integrated automated micro-sprinkler irrigation method applicable to landscaping according to claim 9, characterized in that: The irrigation method comprises: preparing the nutrient solution required for irrigation based on the fertilization amount; Based on the micro-sprinkler irrigation plan, the micro-sprinkler irrigation unit is controlled to perform micro-sprinkler irrigation based on the irrigation amount and the nutrient solution.

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