Reducing ureter guiding sheath

Abstract

The invention provides a reducing ureter guiding sheath which comprises an operation portion and an intubation tube suitable for being inserted into a ureter, the operation portion is connected to the near end of the intubation tube, and a center channel extending from the near end to the far end is defined in the intubation tube. An inlet communicated with a central channel of the cannula is defined by the operating portion, a sealing valve is arranged at the position of the inlet so that an instrument can penetrate through the inlet in a sealed mode and then enter the central channel, a negative pressure connector communicated with the central channel is arranged on the operating portion, the cannula comprises a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section, the large-diameter section is connected with the small-diameter section, and the large-diameter section is connected with the small-diameter section. The large-diameter section is connected to the near end of the small-diameter section, a large channel is defined in the large-diameter section, a small channel is defined in the small-diameter section, and the diameter of the large channel is larger than that of the small channel so as to accelerate fluid passing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a ureteral sheath, in particular to a variable-diameter ureteral guide sheath. Background Art

[0002] At present, ureteral guide sheath and ureteroscope are mainly used in natural cavity pyelolithotomy. The ureteral guide sheath enters the urinary cavity through the patient's urethra to establish an effective channel so that surgical instruments such as ureteroscope can smoothly enter and exit the urinary cavity to perform stone removal surgery. During the operation, the existing technology is that water enters the working channel of the endoscope, and water flows out of the gap between the endoscope and the sheath tube, forming a negative pressure suction to suck away the gravel hit by the laser in time. During the stone suction process, since the gap between the endoscope and the sheath tube is too small, it is easy for the gravel to be blocked between the sheath tube and the endoscope. Therefore, the endoscope needs to be withdrawn from the sheath tube to suck away the gravel in time. During the operation, the endoscope needs to be moved back and forth continuously, and the whole process is relatively cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a variable-diameter ureteral guide sheath, which comprises an operating part and a cannula suitable for inserting into a ureter, wherein the operating part is connected to the proximal end of the cannula, the interior of the cannula defines a central channel extending from the proximal end toward the distal end, the operating part defines an inlet communicated with the central channel of the cannula, a sealing valve is provided at the inlet for instruments to pass through the central channel in a sealed manner, the operating part has a negative pressure joint communicated with the central channel, and is characterized in that the cannula comprises a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section, the large-diameter section is connected to the proximal end of the small-diameter section, the interior of the large-diameter section defines a large channel, the interior of the small-diameter section defines a small channel, and the diameter of the large channel is greater than the diameter of the small channel to accelerate the passage of fluid.

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a novel variable diameter ureteral guide sheath, the cannula of which has a larger inner diameter near the operating end, which can effectively reduce the blockage of the target object in the gap between the endoscope and the sheath, accelerate the falling off and outflow of the target object, improve the surgical efficiency and reduce the surgical time.

[0005] In some embodiments, at least the distal section of the small-diameter section is a flexible tube section.

[0006] In some embodiments, the large diameter section of the cannula is a hard tube section, and at least the distal section of the small diameter section is a flexible tube section so that the flexible tube section is more bendable than the hard tube section.

[0007] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the large diameter segment is larger than the outer diameter of the small diameter segment, and the outer wall of the large diameter segment is configured to support the curved channel in the ureter so that it can be deformed from a curved shape to a straight shape.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cannula is suitable for entering the bladder without contacting the ureteral orifice at the point where the large diameter section and the small diameter section change in diameter.

[0009] In some embodiments, the large diameter segment and the small diameter segment are connected or integrally formed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the large-diameter section is a hard pipe section, and the small-diameter section includes a flexible pipe section and a transition section, and the transition section is connected in the middle of the hard pipe section and the flexible pipe section.

[0011] In some embodiments, the large diameter section is a hard pipe section, and the small diameter section is a flexible pipe section.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least the small diameter section of the insert tube is a multi-layer tube, and the tube wall of the multi-layer tube includes an inner tube, a support layer and an outer tube from the inside to the outside, and the support layer is arranged between the inner tube and the outer tube.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support layer is an elastic layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the large diameter segment and the small diameter segment have different colors or translucency.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a variable diameter ureteral guide sheath (with a dilator) provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A structural cross-sectional view of a variable diameter ureteral guide sheath provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a combination of a variable-diameter ureteral guide sheath and an endoscope provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a variable diameter ureteral guide sheath provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a bendable ureteral guide sheath with a variable diameter provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the urethra. Fig. 9 The existing design provides a schematic diagram of the state where the ureteral guide sheath enters the renal pelvis; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the variable diameter ureteral guide sheath provided in an embodiment of the present invention entering the renal pelvis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention or the technical solution of the invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; In the description of the present invention, "proximal end" or "proximal side" refers to the end of the medical device close to the doctor during normal operation, while "distal end" or "distal side" usually refers to the end that first enters the patient's body.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection of two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0019] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The ureteral guide sheath provided by the existing design includes an operating part 1 and a cannula 2 suitable for inserting into the ureter, the operating part 1 is connected to the proximal end of the cannula 2, the cannula 2 defines a central channel 100 extending from the proximal end to the distal end, the operating part 1 defines an inlet 12 connected to the central channel 100 of the cannula 2 for instruments to enter, the inlet 12 is provided with a sealing valve 121 for instruments such as an endoscope 3 or a dilator 5 to pass through in a sealed manner, and the operating part 1 is provided with a negative pressure connector 11 connected to the central channel 100. In this way, when performing a renal pelvic surgery, the guide sheath enters the ureter through the dilator 5, and an external instrument such as an endoscope 3 passes through the central channel 100 of the cannula 2 to reach the target position, the negative pressure connector 11 is connected to the negative pressure suction device, and a laser or other instrument reaches the cavity through the endoscope 3 to perform operations such as lithotripsy and cutting on the target object in the cavity, and the "target object" here includes but is not limited to stones, polyp tissues, tumors, coagulated blood clots, etc. The irrigation device injects physiological saline into the cavity through the channel of the endoscope 3. The gap between the endoscope 3 and the central channel 100 constitutes a suction channel. The negative pressure suction device sucks the liquid with the target object out of the body through the suction channel. In this way, the surgical operation on the natural cavity is completed. The distal end of the cannula 2 needs to be able to reach the renal pelvis and be able to move freely to facilitate alignment with the target object. Therefore, the inner diameter size of the cannula is adapted to the ureter on the basis of allowing external instruments to pass through.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention provides a variable diameter ureteral guide sheath, wherein the cannula is inserted into the ureter, and the cannula includes a large diameter section 22 and a small diameter section 21, wherein the large diameter section 22 is connected to the small diameter section 21, wherein the large diameter section 22 is connected to the proximal end of the small diameter section 21, wherein the interior of the large diameter section 22 defines a large channel 220, and the interior of the small diameter section 21 defines a small channel 210, wherein the diameter of the large channel 220 is greater than the diameter of the small channel 210 to accelerate the passage of fluid, so that the small diameter section 21 is suitable for entering the target position of the renal pelvis and can move freely, and the large channel defined by the large diameter section 22 is suitable for passing through the target cavity while increasing the radial size of the suction channel, thereby facilitating the rapid passage of the target object, accelerating the falling off and outflow of the target object, and greatly improving the efficiency.

[0021] In order to facilitate the cannula head end to be aligned with the target object for cleaning, laser operation, suction and other operations. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the distal section 211 of the small diameter section 21 is a flexible tube section. Figure 6 After the soft endoscope enters the central channel, its flexible tube section 211 flexibly bends along with the bending portion of the soft endoscope and reaches the renal calyx along with the bending of the endoscope. This design is crucial for lower calyx lithotripsy and improving the efficiency of soft endoscope lithotripsy.

[0022] In other embodiments of the present invention, the large diameter section 22 of the cannula 2 is a hard tube section, and the distal section of the small diameter section 21 is a flexible tube section, so that the flexible tube section can be bent compared to the hard tube section, and the flexible tube section here can be actively controlled by the user doctor. For example, a pull wire can be arranged on the cannula wall, and the pull wire can be actively pulled to drive the flexible tube section to bend compared to the hard tube section. The action of the pull wire can also be controlled mechanically or intelligently to control the bending angle or reset of the flexible tube section. The large diameter section 22 as a hard part makes it easy for the doctor to push the guide sheath into the cavity, and the sheath is not easily deformed.

[0023] For some examples, see Figure 5 , the large diameter section is a hard pipe section, the small diameter section includes a flexible pipe section 211 and a transition section 212, the transition section 212 is connected between the hard pipe section and the flexible pipe section, and its hardness is between the hard pipe section and the flexible pipe section. In other examples, the large diameter section 22 is a hard pipe section, and the entire small diameter section 21 is a flexible pipe section.

[0024] Optionally, both the large diameter section 22 and the small diameter section 21 may be multi-layer tubes. Figure 7The tube wall of the multi-layer tube includes an inner tube 201, a support layer 202 and an outer tube 203 from the inside to the outside. The support layer 202 is arranged between the inner tube 201 and the outer tube 203, and the hardness of the outer tube of the small diameter section 21 is less than the hardness of the large diameter section 22, so that the small diameter section can be bent. Exemplarily, the inner tube is mostly an externally etched PTFE tube, which can not only ensure the effective connection between the inner tube 201 and the outer tube 203, but also ensure that the inner wall of the inner tube 201 is smooth, which is convenient for the passage of instruments. The support layer includes but is not limited to a spring tube or a braided tube or a sea wave tube. In some examples, the large diameter section 22 and the small diameter section 21 are both multi-layer tubes, and the large diameter section 22 and the small diameter section 21 are an integrated structure. In this way, the size of the support layer 202 increases synchronously with the increase of the outer diameter of the large diameter section 22, and the integrated molding structure is stable and reliable, and the appearance is beautiful. In other examples, the large diameter section 22 and the small diameter section 21 are separated structures, the multi-layer tube is terminated at the diameter change point, the large diameter section 22 adopts an independent structure, such as a pure plastic tube, a metal tube (stainless steel tube, nickel titanium tube), connected by rheology or glue bonding, the small diameter section is generally made of pebax material, and the large diameter section can be made of pebax material or other materials, the same material or different materials. The large diameter section 22 can be distinguished by different colors or transparencies, which is convenient for doctors to identify the positions of the large diameter section 22 and the small diameter section 21, without having to withdraw the endoscope.

[0025] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the large diameter section 22 is greater than the outer diameter of the small diameter section 21, that is, the inner diameter of the large diameter section 22 is large and the outer diameter is also enlarged, and the outer wall of the large diameter section 22 is configured to support the curved channel in the ureter so that it can be deformed from a curved shape to a straight shape. Specifically, the outer diameter and hardness of the outer wall of the large diameter section 22 are designed to support the cavity, so that the bending strength can be straightened and deformed, and its length is set to be longer than the curved cavity, so that the straightening and deformation of the curved cavity can be achieved. The ureteral sheath provided by the prior art requires the target object to bypass the curved cavity to be discharged from the body. Due to the inherent size limitation of the suction channel, the target object is very easy to get stuck in the bend. The large diameter section of the variable diameter ureteral sheath provided by the present invention deforms the curved cavity into a straight cavity during surgery, and the enlargement of the suction channel brought by the inner diameter of the large diameter section accelerates the discharge efficiency of the target object and eliminates the risk of the target object being easily stuck in the bend.

[0026] For specific examples, see Figure 8 , the bladder a is behind the urethra b, the ureter d is in front, the ureter is in front of the renal pelvis e, and the urethra has two bends, namely the anterior pubic curve b1 and the inferior pubic curve b2. Fig. 9 After the existing ureteral guide sheath enters the ureter, the overall gap is set, and its target is very likely to get stuck at the bend and cause suction blockage. Fig.10The large diameter section 22 of the variable diameter ureteral guide sheath is a hard tube section and does not deform in the two physiological bends of the male urethra. It directly straightens the two physiological bends, so that the original target object such as gravel can flow out after passing through two large bending angles. Now the flow process of the two bending angles can be reduced, thus preventing the target object from getting stuck at the bend.

[0027] In this embodiment, the cannula is suitable for entering the bladder without contacting the ureteral orifice at the diameter change point between the large diameter section and the small diameter section. In this way, the variable diameter design not only meets the requirement of the small diameter section to enter the bladder, but also accelerates the discharge of the target object.

[0028] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A variable diameter ureteral guide sheath, comprising an operating part and a cannula suitable for inserting into a ureter, wherein the operating part is connected to the proximal end of the cannula, the cannula defines a central channel extending from the proximal end toward the distal end, the operating part defines an inlet communicated with the central channel of the cannula, a sealing valve is provided at the inlet for an instrument to pass through in a sealed manner and enter the central channel, the operating part has a negative pressure joint communicated with the central channel, and the invention is characterized in that: The cannula includes a large diameter section and a small diameter section, wherein the large diameter section is connected to the proximal end of the small diameter section, a large channel is defined inside the large diameter section, and a small channel is defined inside the small diameter section, wherein the diameter of the large channel is greater than that of the small channel to speed up the passage of fluid.

2. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least the distal section of the small-diameter section is a flexible tube section.

3. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large diameter section of the cannula is a hard tube section, and at least the distal section of the small diameter section is a flexible tube section so that the flexible tube section is more bendable than the hard tube section.

4. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the large diameter section is greater than the outer diameter of the small diameter section, and the outer wall of the large diameter section is configured to support the curved channel in the ureter so that the curved channel is deformed from a curved state to a straight state.

5. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cannula is suitable for entering the bladder at the diameter change point between the large diameter section and the small diameter section without contacting the ureteral orifice.

6. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 2, characterized in that: The large diameter section and the small diameter section are connected or integrally formed.

7. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large diameter section is a hard pipe section, and the small diameter section includes a flexible pipe section and a transition section, and the transition section is connected in the middle of the hard pipe section and the flexible pipe section.

8. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 3, characterized in that: The large diameter section is a hard pipe section, and the small diameter section is a flexible pipe section.

9. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least the small diameter section of the insert tube is a multi-layer tube, and the tube wall of the multi-layer tube includes an inner tube, a support layer and an outer tube from the inside to the outside, and the support layer is arranged between the inner tube and the outer tube.

10. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 9, characterized in that: The supporting layer is an elastic layer.

11. The variable diameter ureteral guide sheath according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large diameter section and the small diameter section have different colors or light transmittances.

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