Fusible plug manufacturing system and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft braking, and discloses a fusible plug manufacturing system and method, and the manufacturing method comprises the steps that the surface of a fusible plug shell is tinned; the fusible alloy is heated into molten metal by the vacuum centrifugal machine at a preset temperature interval and a preset rotating speed, and the molten metal is injected into the fusible plug shell; the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal is sintered; and the sintered fusible plug shell is cooled, and a finished product is obtained. According to the tin plating technology, the tin plating layer is formed on the surface of the fusible plug shell, high-concentration tin atoms of the tin plating layer permeate into the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy in the sintering process, and the connection strength of the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy is enhanced; and meanwhile, the vacuum centrifugal machine achieves primary impurity removal on the fusible alloy, secondary impurity removal is conducted on the fusible alloy in the sintering process, the defect of multiple air holes generated by air, water and the like in a finished product is eliminated, and the qualification rate of the finished product is increased to 90% from 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aircraft brakes, and in particular to a fusible plug manufacturing system and a manufacturing method. Background Art

[0002] The fusible plug is a hollow plug screw with a fusible metal (temperature 150℃~200℃) cast in the hollow part inside the tubeless brake wheel (split hub). Its function is that when the aircraft brakes violently, the brake device generates a lot of heat to increase the temperature and pressure of the gas in the tire. When the temperature reaches a certain value, the fusible metal in the core of the fusible plug in the aircraft tire melts and the gas is slowly released, thereby effectively preventing the aircraft from bursting and ensuring the safety of the aircraft. It is an important heat-sensitive pressure-release device component on the wheel brake and has been widely used in various aircraft in recent years.

[0003] The final product obtained in the current production process of fusible plugs is prone to form multiple pores, resulting in a low pass rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fusible plug manufacturing system and a manufacturing method, aiming to solve the problem of low production qualification rate of fusible plugs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a fusible plug, comprising:

[0006] The surface of the fusible plug shell is tin-plated;

[0007] The vacuum centrifuge heats the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and injects the molten metal into the shell of the fusible plug;

[0008] Sending the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering;

[0009] The sintered fusible plug shell is cooled to obtain a finished product.

[0010] Preferably, the preset temperature range is 185 degrees Celsius to 230 degrees Celsius; the preset rotation speed is 1500 revolutions per minute to 1800 revolutions per minute.

[0011] Preferably, the step of sending the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering comprises:

[0012] The fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal is sent into a vacuum sintering furnace for pre-sintering, temperature-raising sintering and heat-insulating sintering in sequence.

[0013] Preferably, the pre-burning step comprises:

[0014] When the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal is sent into the vacuum sintering furnace, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature to a preset temperature range in a first preset time period, and maintains the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace for a second preset time period.

[0015] Preferably, the first preset time period is five minutes to eight minutes; and the second preset time period is three minutes to five minutes.

[0016] Preferably, the step of heating and sintering comprises:

[0017] After the pre-firing is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace from the preset temperature range to the sintering temperature range within a third preset time period.

[0018] Preferably, the third preset time period is three minutes to six minutes; and the sintering temperature range is 360 degrees Celsius to 380 degrees Celsius.

[0019] Preferably, the step of heat preservation sintering comprises:

[0020] After the temperature rise sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace maintains the sintering temperature range for a fourth preset time period.

[0021] Preferably, the fourth preset time period is five minutes to eight minutes.

[0022] The present invention also provides a fusible plug manufacturing system, which is used to perform any of the above-mentioned fusible plug manufacturing methods, and the manufacturing system includes tinning equipment, a vacuum centrifuge and a vacuum sintering furnace:

[0023] The tinning equipment is used to tin the surface of the fusible plug shell;

[0024] The vacuum centrifuge is used to heat the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and inject the molten metal into the shell of the fusible plug;

[0025] The vacuum sintering furnace is used to sinter the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal; and cool the sintered fusible plug shell to obtain a finished product.

[0026] The tin plating process forms a tin coating on the surface of the fusible plug shell. During the sintering process, the high-concentration tin atoms in the tin coating penetrate into the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy respectively, thereby strengthening the connection strength between the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy. At the same time, the vacuum centrifuge realizes the first impurity removal of the fusible alloy, and the sintering process performs the second impurity removal of the fusible alloy, thereby eliminating multiple pore defects caused by impurities (such as air and water) in the finished product, thereby increasing the qualified rate of the finished product from 50% to 90%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a process for manufacturing a fusible plug.

[0028] Figure 2 Fusible plugs made for traditional crafts;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fusible plug made by traditional technology from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 4 Fusible plugs made for improved processes;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fusible plug after it is cut along the cross section again.

[0032] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] In the subsequent description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention, and have no specific meanings. Therefore, "module", "component" or "unit" can be used in a mixed manner.

[0035] See also Figure 1 To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a method for manufacturing a fusible plug in a first embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0036] Step S10, tinning the surface of the fusible plug shell;

[0037] Step S20, the vacuum centrifuge heats the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and injects the molten metal into the outer shell of the fusible plug;

[0038] Step S30, sintering the fusible plug shell injected with molten metal;

[0039] Step S40, cooling the sintered fusible plug shell to obtain a finished product.

[0040] The tin plating process forms a tin coating on the surface of the fusible plug shell. During the sintering process, the high-concentration tin atoms in the tin coating penetrate into the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy respectively, thereby strengthening the connection strength between the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy. At the same time, the vacuum centrifuge realizes the first impurity removal of the fusible alloy, and the sintering process performs the second impurity removal of the fusible alloy, thereby eliminating multiple pore defects caused by impurities (such as air and water) in the finished product, thereby increasing the qualified rate of the finished product from 50% to 90%.

[0041] Specifically, the fusible plug housing is a copper housing.

[0042] Specifically, the fusible alloy may be a tin-bismuth alloy.

[0043] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug proposed in a second embodiment of the present invention is based on the first embodiment, wherein the preset temperature range is 185 degrees Celsius to 230 degrees Celsius; the preset rotation speed is 1500 revolutions per minute to 1800 revolutions per minute. The vacuum centrifuge realizes rotational heating of the molten alloy to discharge gas and moisture in the molten metal formed by the fusible alloy, realizes the first discharge of gas and moisture, and prevents the fusible alloy from having defects such as pores and sand holes.

[0044] Specifically, after step S10, the following steps are included:

[0045] Step S11, respectively cleaning the outer surface of the fusible plug shell and the outer surface of the fusible alloy. Clean the tin coating on the outer surface of the fusible plug shell, leaving the tin coating on the inner surface of the fusible plug shell, so that the tin coating on the inner surface of the fusible plug shell contacts the metal liquid injected into the fusible plug shell.

[0046] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug provided in a third embodiment of the present invention is based on the first embodiment, and step S30 includes:

[0047] Step S31, sending the fusible plug shell injected with molten metal into a vacuum sintering furnace to perform pre-sintering, temperature-raising sintering and heat-insulating sintering in sequence.

[0048] The cleaned fusible plug shell is at room temperature. The molten metal formed by the fusible alloy will cool down quickly after being cast in the fusible plug shell. Due to the different thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of the fusible alloy and the fusible plug shell, the bonding between the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy will be insufficient. The pre-sintering, heating sintering and heat preservation sintering in step 31 are used to strengthen the connection strength between the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy through the tin coating to avoid the risk of air leakage in the fusible plug during the pressurization of the aircraft tire. Therefore, pre-sintering, heating sintering and heat preservation sintering are carried out in sequence to further discharge the gas and moisture adsorbed when the fusible alloy is injected into the fusible plug shell, thereby reducing the generation of pores. It can also accelerate the penetration of tin atoms in the tin coating into the fusible plug shell and the fusible alloy, while greatly increasing the bonding strength between the fusible alloy and the fusible plug shell. The fusible plug shell is in full contact with the fusible alloy and does not separate and fall off under pressure.

[0049] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the third embodiment, and the pre-burning step includes:

[0050] Step S32, when the fusible plug shell injected with molten metal is sent into the vacuum sintering furnace, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature to a preset temperature range in a first preset time period, and maintains the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace for a second preset time period.

[0051] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug proposed in a fifth embodiment of the present invention is based on the fourth embodiment, wherein the first preset time period is five minutes to eight minutes; and the second preset time period is three minutes to five minutes.

[0052] The pre-burning stage mainly removes the gas and moisture absorbed when the fusible alloy is injected into the outer shell of the fusible plug. At the same time, the characteristics of the vacuum sintering furnace are used to form a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the molten metal with the fusible alloy to further discharge the gas generated inside the fusible alloy.

[0053] Specifically, after the fusible plug shell injected with molten metal is sent into the vacuum sintering furnace, the fusible plug shell must be sealed to prevent the molten metal from leaking during the heating process.

[0054] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention is based on the fourth embodiment, and the step of heating and sintering includes:

[0055] Step S33, after the pre-firing is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace from the preset temperature range to the sintering temperature range within a third preset time period.

[0056] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug proposed in a seventh embodiment of the present invention is based on the sixth embodiment, wherein the third preset time period is three minutes to six minutes; and the sintering temperature range is 360 degrees Celsius to 380 degrees Celsius.

[0057] In the heating sintering stage, the temperature is raised so that the surface of the fusible plug shell, the tin plating layer and the fusible alloy surface begin to recrystallize and reorganize new grains; at the same time, the oxides on the surface of the fusible plug shell, the oxides on the tin plating layer and the oxides on the surface of the fusible alloy are reduced under vacuum.

[0058] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention is based on the sixth embodiment, and the step of heat preservation and sintering includes:

[0059] Step S34, after the temperature rise sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace is maintained at the sintering temperature range for a fourth preset time period.

[0060] A method for manufacturing a fusible plug provided in a ninth embodiment of the present invention is based on the eighth embodiment, wherein the fourth preset time period is five minutes to eight minutes.

[0061] The surface of the fusible plug shell, the tin plating and the fusible alloy are fully diffused, and the tin plating and the fusible alloy are fully mixed and flowed to shrink a large number of pores in the fusible alloy until the size of the pores and the total number of the pores are reduced to zero.

[0062] Specifically, step S40 includes:

[0063] Step S41, after the heat preservation sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace is closed, and the fusible plug housing is taken out after the fifth preset time period.

[0064] The fifth preset time period is from eight minutes to fifteen minutes.

[0065] A fusible plug manufacturing system, the manufacturing system is used to perform any one of the above-mentioned fusible plug manufacturing methods, the manufacturing system comprises a tinning device, a vacuum centrifuge and a vacuum sintering furnace:

[0066] The tinning equipment is used to tin the surface of the fusible plug shell;

[0067] The vacuum centrifuge is used to heat the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and inject the molten metal into the shell of the fusible plug;

[0068] The vacuum sintering furnace is used to sinter the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal; and cool the sintered fusible plug shell to obtain a finished product.

[0069] The efficiency of fusible plug casting increased from 500 pieces / liter to 1500 pieces / day;

[0070] The full-automatic operation is realized through the server, which greatly reduces the instability and uncontrollability of manual operation, greatly reduces the requirements of the scorching process for the operator, and reduces the difficulty of the casting process.

[0071] Specifically, the vacuum sintering furnace parameters include:

[0072] The operating temperature range is 0℃ to 450℃; the temperature control accuracy is ±0.5℃; the temperature uniformity is ±10℃; the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 50MPa; the leakage rate of the vacuum chamber is 5×10 -5 mba×l / s; the maximum heating rate is 150℃ / min; the chamber door is semi-automatic opening and closing.

[0073] Example:

[0074] According to historical production data, the following data are obtained:

[0075] In 2021, fusible plugs were produced using traditional processes, with an annual pass rate of 50% and a daily production of 500 pieces.

[0076] In 2024, the fusible plug manufacturing method was used, with a monthly pass rate of 90% and a daily production of 1,500 pieces.

[0077] The specific process of manufacturing the fusible plug is as follows:

[0078] The surface of the fusible plug shell is tinned;

[0079] Clean the outer surface of the fusible plug shell and the outer surface of the fusible alloy strip respectively;

[0080] The fusible alloy strip is heated into molten metal by a vacuum centrifuge at 220 degrees Celsius and 1600 revolutions per minute, and the molten metal is injected into the fusible plug housing;

[0081] When the fusible plug shell filled with molten metal is sent into the vacuum sintering furnace, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature to 220 degrees Celsius in seven minutes and maintains the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace for four minutes;

[0082] After the pre-sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace is heated from 220 degrees Celsius to 370 degrees Celsius in four minutes;

[0083] After the temperature rise and sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace is maintained at 370 degrees Celsius for seven minutes;

[0084] After the heat preservation sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace is turned off and the fusible plug shell is taken out after thirteen minutes.

[0085] Compared with the traditional process, the fusible plug manufacturing method has greatly improved the qualification rate and production speed. Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circled area is the pore; the fusible plug produced by the fusible plug manufacturing method is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0086] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a computer-readable storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device to enter the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "another embodiment", "other embodiments", or "first embodiment to Xth embodiment" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, method steps or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0088] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or system. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0089] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0090] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug, characterized in that: include: The surface of the fusible plug shell is tin-plated; The vacuum centrifuge heats the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and injects the molten metal into the shell of the fusible plug; Sending the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering; The sintered fusible plug shell is cooled to obtain a finished product.

2. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preset temperature range is 185 degrees Celsius to 230 degrees Celsius; the preset rotation speed is 1500 revolutions per minute to 1800 revolutions per minute.

3. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of sending the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal into a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering comprises: The fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal is sent into a vacuum sintering furnace for pre-sintering, temperature-raising sintering and heat-insulating sintering in sequence.

4. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-burning step comprises: When the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal is sent into the vacuum sintering furnace, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature to a preset temperature range in a first preset time period, and maintains the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace for a second preset time period.

5. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first preset time period is from five minutes to eight minutes; the second preset time period is from three minutes to five minutes.

6. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of heating and sintering comprises: After the pre-firing is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace heats the temperature in the vacuum sintering furnace from the preset temperature range to the sintering temperature range within a third preset time period.

7. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third preset time period is three minutes to six minutes; the sintering temperature range is 360 degrees Celsius to 380 degrees Celsius.

8. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of heat preservation sintering comprises: After the temperature rise sintering is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace maintains the sintering temperature range for a fourth preset time period.

9. A method for manufacturing a fusible plug according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fourth preset time period is five minutes to eight minutes.

10. A fusible plug manufacturing system, characterized in that: The manufacturing system is used to implement a fusible plug manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the manufacturing system comprises tinning equipment, a vacuum centrifuge and a vacuum sintering furnace: The tinning equipment is used to tin the surface of the fusible plug shell; The vacuum centrifuge is used to heat the fusible alloy into molten metal at a preset temperature range and a preset speed, and inject the molten metal into the shell of the fusible plug; The vacuum sintering furnace is used to sinter the fusible plug shell injected with the molten metal; The sintered fusible plug shell is cooled to obtain a finished product.

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