New energy land-water pure electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an innovative technical method for a new energy land-water pure electric vehicle, which is characterized in that a flywheel rotor special-type variable-frequency speed-regulating low-speed motor power driving system for remarkably improving the power performance of the vehicle is invented on the basis of the innovative thinking of source opening and throttling by relying on a traditional vehicle available system technology. The system innovatively integrates and fuses lever force mechanical assistance, stator duplex windings and innovative design that flywheel rotor spokes are propeller blades, multiple functions of automobile power driving, heat dissipation, water surface navigation and induction power generation are synchronously achieved, and super-strong power performance and automobile gravity are used for power generation. According to the innovative technical method for continuously charging and supplementing electric energy for a traveling vehicle-mounted super capacitor and a lithium battery power supply and supplying power to an automobile driving system by using the super capacitor power supply, the constraint of the problems of short endurance mileage, high cost, poor safety and reliability and the like of an existing new energy automobile can be solved, and the comprehensive transformation and development of the industry of the new energy automobile can be promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of innovative technologies for new energy pure electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric vehicle technology has not achieved any substantial technological breakthroughs. Despite the strong support and promotion of national policies, it is constrained by bottleneck problems in technical performance, such as short driving range, high manufacturing costs, poor safety and reliability caused by high energy consumption of power. It is difficult to fully replace the transformation and development of the traditional automobile industry, which restricts the promotion and development of the new energy vehicle industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The birth of the innovative technology of new energy Lushui pure electric vehicles will solve the problems that the development of the automobile industry is trapped in, such as energy crisis and environmental pollution, and comprehensively solve the bottleneck and difficult technical problems of existing new energy vehicles, such as short driving range, high energy consumption, high manufacturing cost, poor safety and reliability. The automobile manufacturing technology methods adopted are: 1. Innovative technical design scheme for new energy land-water pure electric vehicles Scientific and technological progress comes from the exploration of technological innovation practices. The research topic of the new energy land-water vehicle project is a continuous upgrade and iteration from the 1.0 project in 2008 to the current 5.0 project technology research topic, and it is a pioneering technology that is enough to subvert our understanding of new energy vehicle technology and physics. The innovative technology of new energy land-water pure electric vehicles is the most innovative technology route for automobile drive systems that conforms to the laws of automobile science. In the long-term innovative practice exploration, the scientific laws of electric vehicle technology have been discovered and mastered. Relying on the technical essence of traditional automobiles and focusing on the innovative thinking of "increasing revenue and saving costs", the new energy pure electric vehicles are designed.

[0004] In order to verify the feasibility of the pure electric vehicle technology route of the project topic, the project engineering prototype was developed in March 2019 during the 2.0 period of the project topic. The prototype is a medium-sized passenger car with a mass of 1,900 kg (plus 2 passengers). The drive motor is a standard three-phase induction motor with a voltage of 72 volts, a power of 10 kilowatts, and a torque of 33N. The actual measured continuous vehicle speed on a flat road is 60 kilometers per hour. The drive motor does not heat up during long-term operation, and the actual power consumption of the motor is 13.6 kilowatts. The prototype was modified from an original 69-kilowatt fuel engine. According to the efficiency of relevant fuel vehicles, the heat energy conversion loss is 52 kilowatts, and its actual power for work is only 17 kilowatts, which is not much different from the power consumed by pure electric vehicles. Therefore, the objective feasibility of the pure electric technology route has been verified, and it is also concluded that the passenger car model is equipped with a drive motor with a power range of 10-30 kilowatts, which is a suitable basic power.

[0005] As the research on the project topic continues to deepen, it is found that the performance of the car depends entirely on the performance of the power engine. Therefore, the breakthrough point of the pure electric drive technology route is to develop a drive motor that can exert excellent performance. First, the torque of the low-speed motor is large; second, the width of the car is fully utilized, and the low-speed drive motor design highlights the innovative design of the large-size flywheel rotor that integrates the mechanical efficiency of the lever; third, the innovative design of the stator double winding flywheel rotor special low-speed drive motor. In order to reduce the development cost, the development of the prototype flywheel rotor special drive motor of the project topic did not use the maximum size of the vertical installation drive motor designed using the extreme space of the car, but was designed based on the maximum installation size of the horizontal installation mode of the prototype.

[0006] The stator diameter of the flywheel rotor special motor is 680 mm, the rotor is 548 mm, the rotor weight is 60 kg, the motor core height is 60 mm, and the stator has 48 slots and the rotor has 44 slots. It uses a 16-pole low-speed three-phase asynchronous induction motor with a power of 11 kilowatts. The project practice research flexibly uses centralized or distributed winding methods, with a design speed of 375 rpm and a torque of 280 N. The power torque can be increased by 8 times compared with traditional motors, and the lever mechanics is increased by 5.5 times, which increases the original power output efficiency by 44 times the combined force of traditional motors. The actual measured power frequency speed of the motor at no-load operation is 370 rpm, the power consumption is 214 watts, and the power consumption is 320 watts at a speed of 546 rpm at 100 Hz. Therefore, the self-developed flywheel rotor special motor also shows extremely strong mechanical properties and extremely low power consumption indicators, which completely exceed the expected design indicator level. This also marks the establishment of the era of unified pure electric technology routes for new energy vehicles.

[0007] 2. The basic structure of new energy land-water pure electric vehicles The new concept car basically uses the main system structure and components of the traditional car except the engine. The difference from the traditional power car is mainly the slight difference in the drive, on-board power supply, body structure and accessories. The power drive system of the new energy land and water pure electric vehicle is composed of a special low-speed drive motor with a flywheel rotor and a gravity flywheel for balanced energy storage. The power drive system is installed in the front of the cabin. The mainstream power output is vertical or horizontal installation. It can also be flexibly designed with a mid-chassis or rear-mounted installation method, realizing the differentiated design of the vehicle power system with flexible front-wheel, rear-wheel or 4-wheel drive.

[0008] The power transmission system is a multi-pole charging generator directly connected to the power transmission shaft, or indirectly connected to the charging generator through a torque converter. The power is then transmitted to the rear drive axle to drive the wheels to rotate and do work. The horizontal installation of the drive motor does not require the installation of a power transmission angle mechanism. The electric direct drive power system can flexibly design the transmission method of the drive shaft or belt. For vehicles with a single front-wheel or rear-wheel drive mode, the charging generator assembly design can also be integrated and assembled to the new axle of the rear wheel or front wheel, and the power transmission is the same speed or reduced speed to drive the wheels to rotate and do work. Supercapacitors, lithium batteries and charging generators are installed in the chassis design of the vehicle. For heavy trucks, the power transmission reduction ratio differential drive axle and wheel hub reduction device design can be selected according to the actual needs of the vehicle model. The purpose is to maintain a strong mechanical assist for driving traction.

[0009] As the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation continues to improve and its practical applications continue to expand, the body of the car can choose to apply photovoltaic thin-film power generation technology according to the design requirements of the vehicle model. The car roof is equipped with photovoltaic power generation membrane panels that can be expanded front and back and left and right to solve the problem of charging conflicts in outdoor and wild vehicles. The electronic control system and accessories of the vehicle auxiliary system are composed of generator power regulator and charger, external power charger, photovoltaic charger, power inverter, variable frequency speed controller and vehicle control system. Most of these accessories can be integrated and installed in the cabin. Other auxiliary systems such as instruments, air conditioning, steering and braking systems are roughly the same as those of existing traditional cars.

[0010] 3. Innovative technology design methods for new energy land and water pure electric vehicles The innovative technology of new energy Lushui pure electric vehicles is an innovative automotive technology that is perfectly inherited and integrated based on traditional automobiles. Its core technology is centered around the innovative technology of high-efficiency pure electric low-speed drive systems. It utilizes the integrated mechanical efficiency of the low-speed drive motor and the integrated technical means of the stator double-winding induction power generation innovative technology. It fully taps into the innovative technology of automobile gravity and flywheel gravity energy storage development and utilization, and realizes uninterrupted charging of the innovative power source composed of supercapacitors and lithium batteries while the vehicle is in motion.

[0011] Avoid the existing electric vehicles using brute force to blindly pursue motor energy density, stack battery capacity and demand battery energy density, blindly pursue the backward technical route of ultra-high motor speed, greatly reduce the actual power consumption of electric vehicles to drive the electric motor, fully reduce the capacity of the on-board power supply, effectively reduce the manufacturing cost of new energy vehicles, and then comprehensively solve the bottleneck problems that plague the new energy vehicle industry, and strongly promote the comprehensive transformation and development of the new energy vehicle industry.

[0012] 1. Power drive system of new energy land-water pure electric vehicles The power drive system consists of a flywheel rotor-type low-speed drive motor and a balanced, energy-storing gravity flywheel.

[0013] 1. Flywheel rotor special low speed drive motor The characteristics of automobile power drive are often the basic concepts that define automobiles. The so-called new energy refers to the drive motor's large torque at low speed, the large-size flywheel rotor can give full play to the mechanical efficiency of the lever, and the development and utilization of gravity flywheel energy storage and the potential of automobile gravity to generate electricity to charge the on-board power supply, so as to achieve efficient energy conversion and utilization of the on-board power supply. In modern society, motor manufacturing has become a very mature industry and product, suitable for innovative designs in a wide range of application scenarios, but it depends on what your rigid needs are. The application scenario requirements of new energy electric vehicles are high-efficiency energy conversion, low power consumption and high torque. Here it mainly reflects the strategic choice of the direction of technological innovation determined by the innovator's cognition of things, which is the so-called choice is greater than effort. The innovative approach of the drive motor of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles is to take advantage of the large torque of the low-speed motor; the second is the innovative design of the low-speed motor using the rotor integrated integration of the mechanical efficiency of the lever, and the rotor's spokes use multiple impellers. The flexible innovative design can give the car more performance, such as simple wading navigation ability, and the excellent ability to achieve amphibious driving and navigation of the car on land and water; the third is the innovative design of the stator double winding flywheel rotor special drive motor.

[0014] First, the low-speed drive motor refers to a drive motor with a power frequency speed of several hundred rpm. The innovative design of the multi-pole low-speed flywheel rotor special disc drive motor can increase the number of electromagnetic poles to 8-30 poles compared with the existing 2-4 pole drive motors for new energy electric vehicles, and its electromagnetic drive low-speed assistance can increase the torque output force-enhancing space by more than 5-15 times; second, the vertical installation mode of the drive motor can make full use of the plane space of the width of the car 1200-2000 mm to design the maximum size of the flywheel rotor special drive motor, which can be increased by more than ten times compared with the traditional motor rotor diameter of 100-150 mm. Secondly, through the mechanical efficiency of the lever and the integration of low-speed electromagnetic, it is easy to achieve more than 50-150 times the electromagnetic motive force output assistance space; third, the stator winding is designed as two sets of windings, one of which is the traditional drive power input winding, and the other is the innovative design of the induction winding coil of the power drive winding, the purpose is to realize the winding of the induction current output similar to the transformer of the drive three-phase power supply, and realize the uninterrupted induction current output when the motor is working to directly charge the supercapacitor and the on-board battery to replenish the power. The horizontally installed motor is innovatively designed with the front and rear motor end covers and the inside of the rotor connected. The rotor spokes can be flexibly designed into a structure of several blades, which can achieve multiple functions of automobile wind resistance assistance, motor ventilation and heat dissipation, and water navigation.

[0015] The optimal motor type for new energy land and water pure electric vehicles is three-phase asynchronous induction motor. Permanent magnet motor, switched reluctance motor, wound rotor induction motor and excitation, permanent magnet brush motor can all be suitable for innovative design as flywheel rotor special disc multi-pole low-speed motor. Flywheel rotor special low-speed drive motor has many advantages such as low energy consumption, large torque and good heat dissipation, and no need for liquid fluid circulation cooling system, but the flywheel rotor must have higher processing and dynamic balancing accuracy. Larger stator and rotor circumference are more suitable for designing multi-pole motors. The flywheel rotor low-speed motor design is optimal for concentrated winding of stator salient pole structure, and also for distributed winding coils. The stator slot range is 48-90 slots with 20-30 magnetic pairs of poles or more. The rotor diameter is usually 1200-2000 mm, the thickness is about 60-90 mm, and the quality is controlled at 25-90 kg. For cars with wading functions, the winding of amphibious car drive motors has a higher level of waterproof insulation, and the winding coil can be made of waterproof electromagnetic wire. Waterproof insulation of all electrical facilities in the vehicle body and waterproof sealing of the entire vehicle body. The basic power of the passenger car drive motor is 10-30 kilowatts, and commercial vehicles can choose the appropriate power according to actual needs. The drive power supply can preferably be a national standard 50 Hz voltage 380 volt power supply or other standard high-voltage power supply.

[0016] New energy land and water pure electric vehicles belong to the pure electric power centralized drive mode. A single motor can realize flexible front wheel, rear wheel or 4-wheel power transmission drive mode. It can also be driven by front and rear dual motors. The rear motor is more suitable for horizontal installation. The rotor spokes are impeller-type drive motors with blade drive to achieve the function of surface navigation. This large-diameter flywheel rotor drive motor has large torque and low power consumption. Its speed is just in line with the motor direct drive mode of the synchronous speed of the car wheel without deceleration; it can also use a low-speed motor combined with a variable and reduction device system or a low-speed motor combined with a reduction device combined drive system, just like the principle of the traditional automobile engine combined with a variable and reduction device system drive system, except that the power frequency speed of the low-speed drive motor is adjusted from a low speed of several hundred revolutions by the inverter to the upper limit of the maximum speed of more than 5,000 revolutions.

[0017] 2. Housing of gravity flywheel and drive system device The purpose of designing and installing a gravity flywheel is to play the multiple roles of balancing direction, counterweight, and gravity energy storage, so as to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency driven by electromagnetic motive force. The flywheel rotor with a larger diameter and installed horizontally is bound to affect the balance of its moving direction. In order to eliminate this influence, a gravity flywheel is designed with the same mass and specifications as the flywheel rotor. It rotates in the opposite direction along the coaxial axis of the flywheel and the flywheel rotor to perform work, and at the same time uses its large torque to increase energy storage and force enhancement and other multiple functions.

[0018] The new flywheel rotor disc motor can be designed as an integrated stator core and a shell, or it can be designed to be installed with a gravity flywheel in a shell with an upper and lower integrated structure. The motor is adapted to a vertical installation mode. Considering the influence of the gravity flywheel on the motor starting, a mechanical or electromagnetic automatic clutch device can also be installed on the gravity flywheel. A motor end cover flange is shared between the two. The stator, thrust bearing, rotor, upper end cover and bearing of the motor are installed on the upper end. The bearing is installed at the lower part of the shared end cover flange in the middle. The gravity flywheel is installed at the lower part of the machine body, and the thrust bearing is installed on the lower end cover. The motor shaft passes through the hollow shaft sleeve of the gravity flywheel to transmit power, and is connected to the power steering connecting shaft and the box at the lower end. A motor distribution box is arranged in the middle of its shell.

[0019] (II) Powertrain It is composed of a power-driven corner box transmission shaft, a hydraulic torque converter and a drive axle. 1. Power driven steering gearbox The power output of the drive motor horizontal wheel vertical shaft installation mode is output through a 90-degree power angle, and consists of four 45-degree bevel gears of the same size meshing with each other at a cross position. Each bevel gear is installed with two bearings inside and outside its sleeve and housing shell for positioning, fixing and lubrication. The vertical shaft bevel gear sleeve on the upper part of the housing is a hollow shaft with a round hole, and the spline shaft passes through the middle and is inserted into the bevel gear sleeve at the bottom. The power is transmitted through the bevel gear linkage to drive the gravity flywheel to rotate in the opposite direction to do work. The front and rear bevel gears are both spline sleeves to facilitate the insertion of the drive shaft to connect and transmit power output, and the power is transmitted to the interface plate of the hydraulic torque converter for docking. The housing can be designed to be connected and fixed to the housing interface plate of the drive system as a whole.

[0020] 2. Torque converter The torque converter is a classic mechanical mechanism in traditional power vehicles. It has excellent characteristics, such as automatic adaptability, stepless speed change, good and stable performance of increasing torque at low speed, vibration reduction and isolation without mechanical wear. It is irreplaceable by other transmission components. The torque converter is retained to give full play to its excellent characteristics to improve the comprehensive performance of new concept vehicles. The power input end of the charging generator is encapsulated in a shell combined with the generator shell, and connected to the motor shaft to transmit power. When the charging generator is installed in the front or rear axle mode, the torque converter can be installed at the power input end of the rear or front drive axle differential, and the power output shaft of the power angle mechanism of the model without the torque converter can be directly connected to the charging generator to transmit power.

[0021] 3. Drive axle system mechanism New energy land and water pure electric vehicles should innovate more functional combination drive axle system mechanisms according to the actual needs of power drive characteristics. Passenger vehicles can be designed with differential drive axles with the same speed or a certain reduction ratio. The front or rear wheel power drive mode determines the form of the drive axle. If the front or rear wheel drive is used, the rear wheel can be equipped with a charging generator axle. The output shafts on both sides of the generator are installed in the one-way bearings in the rotation forward direction of the wheel drive rotation interface disk on both sides, realizing the dual functions of wheel drive generator rotation work and rotation differential. Heavy-duty vehicles can choose the appropriate power transmission reduction ratio differential drive axle and wheel hub star gear reduction device according to the actual needs of the vehicle model. The design purpose of the device is to maintain a strong mechanical boost for driving traction.

[0022] (III) Chassis Usually, the chassis of electric vehicles is designed as a steel structure panel for installing batteries. Due to the characteristics of new concept vehicles and the combination power source composed of supercapacitors and batteries, it is usually designed as two straight steel structure chassis combined beams to facilitate the installation of the vehicle body and the fixing of the front and rear wheel axles and suspension accessories. The length can be designed to be the distance between the front and rear axles, and is placed around the two sides of the driving and charging generators. One of the chassis panels is installed with batteries, and the other is installed with supercapacitors. If there is a problem of insufficient space, the supercapacitor group or lithium battery group can be designed and installed under the car seat cushion and in the backrest space.

[0023] (IV) Charging generator The gravity potential of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles is realized by quickly charging the on-board supercapacitor and lithium battery power supply through the charging generator. The innovative design of the rotor structure is slender and the inner rotor generator with a small diameter. The generator selection is preferably a brushless self-excited multi-pole excitation generator. The magnetic pole design of the generator is ideally matched with the drive motor. At a speed of 60-100 km / h, it generates an industrial frequency current of 50 Hz. It can usually be designed as a generator with about 10 poles. The generator power can be based on actual needs and adaptation principles. Usually, a relatively large power generator is designed and its power output is controlled to be less than 30% of the current. Uninterrupted and continuous power generation and charging during the movement of the car realizes the continuous development and utilization of the car's gravity potential.

[0024] (V) Optional membrane panel photovoltaic power generation application technology In modern society, the efficiency and technology of thin-film photovoltaic and photovoltaic panels are constantly developing, and the cost is constantly decreasing, which fully expands the application scenarios of photovoltaic power generation technology. Cars are usually fully exposed to the sun for most of the time. Usually, the surface area of ​​the outer shell and door and window glass of passenger cars exceeds 5 square meters, which can fully meet the needs of charging the on-board supercapacitor in a short time. This can ensure that the supercapacitor is always fully charged and effectively replenish the power of the on-board battery. The body of the car can choose to apply photovoltaic panels and thin-film power generation technology according to the design requirements of the car model. The roof of the car or the external photovoltaic power generation film and panel that can be expanded front and back, left and right can solve the problem of charging and relieving the contradiction of outdoor and wild car charging. Since the power capacity of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles is relatively small, the application of this technology is of great practical significance, which can fully alleviate the contradiction between charging supply and demand, and solve the problem of no power supply for charging in the wild.

[0025] (VI) Design of vehicle power supply and control system The new energy Lushui pure electric vehicle driving power source advocates the use of the national standard 50 Hz 380 volt power source to demonstrate the original intention of putting national interests first, while also complying with the mature technology products and industrial chains of the automotive and electronics industries. Innovative design and adaptation of large-capacity supercapacitors as the main and battery-assisted combined power supply innovative technical methods, or choose lithium battery independent power supply mode. The lithium battery selection is suitable for safety first, no explosion, no fire safety hazards, excellent safety and reliability, excellent low and high temperature adaptability, and fast charging and discharging capabilities of lithium batteries, such as lithium titanate batteries.

[0026] The capacity of the supercapacitor should be selected to drive a conventional vehicle at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour for about 30-60 minutes. The purpose is to make full use of the supercapacitor's large current and fast charging and discharging capabilities. First, it is to ensure that the charging generator and photovoltaic power generation can be stored in the supercapacitor group in time to replenish electricity in time; second, it is to directly and preferentially use the supercapacitor group power supply to provide power to the drive motor after the inverter is boosted to 380 volts to drive the motor to do work. The lighting and air conditioning power supply of the whole vehicle is suitable for 110-220 volt national standard 50 Hz power supply, and the charging generator is suitable for a relatively high voltage 220-380 volt power generation voltage. The supercapacitor and lithium battery DC power supply are connected in series to a relatively high voltage of 96-380 volts; the low-voltage power supply is rectified by the inverter and boosted to 380 volts AC current output drive system power supply technical method.

[0027] The power control system of the new energy Lushui pure electric vehicle mainly controls and distributes scientific and reasonable power management, as well as various power supplies and electrical power control or automatic control management. It usually directly uses supercapacitor power groups to provide driving power for the drive, and the charging generator and the photovoltaic thin film power generation power are directly connected to the supercapacitor charging technical method. The power generation current is output through the power supply voltage stabilization control current and then prioritizes the supercapacitor charging management mode. The battery capacity is mainly used for auxiliary supplementary use of the drive motor and the whole vehicle electrical system. When the supercapacitor power supply is depleted, it switches to control the lithium battery to power the drive motor to do work. When the charging generator is controlled to charge the supercapacitor power supply and the charging current overflows, it switches to battery charging management and control technology methods.

[0028] (VII) Other system accessories The travel system, steering and braking system of new energy land-based pure electric vehicles are almost the same as those of traditional vehicles. Because it is a pure electric vehicle, the power assistance of its system is more suitable for the power assistance mode of electric drive. The car body is fully applicable to various types of designs like traditional cars. The power supply of lighting, indicator lights, instruments and air conditioning systems is determined to be 220 volts, which is more in line with the mature industrial supply chain of national electronic industrial products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The core components of the innovative technology of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles, including power drive system, power transmission and driving system, vehicle gravity potential development and utilization system, innovative vehicle power system and power control management, are all well-known and mature application technologies. China has a complete and mature full industrial chain of technologies and products. There are no difficulties in the technology and industry implementation for the comprehensive transformation of the new energy land and water pure electric vehicle industry.

[0030] The flywheel rotor special disc low-speed motor of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles has a lot of application scenarios in reality, such as roller track motors and elevator motors, and heavy-duty drive motors such as mines and oil fields have a wide range of applications. It is nothing more than applying this type of motor to the specific practical application of automobiles, making full use of the limit of the space in the automobile cabin to design the maximum diameter of the drive motor, and fully relying on the assistance of mechanics and low-speed electromagnetic drive to enable the power of work to produce more than 50-150 times the electromagnetic power output, and realizing the technical route of low-speed motor drive of automobiles, so as to avoid falling into the blind pursuit of energy density and using brute force to fall into the direction of the high-speed motor deceleration technical route. The significance of this breakthrough technology is that the open source and thrift greatly improve the energy conversion efficiency, reduce the quality of the car, reduce the resistance of the car, and greatly reduce the actual power consumption of the car, and fully reduce the capacity of the retransmission battery. The practical significance of reducing the cost of automobile manufacturing will strongly promote the rapid and comprehensive transformation of the automobile industry.

[0031] The innovative technology of developing and utilizing the gravity potential of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles has greatly improved its dynamic performance and greatly reduced its power consumption, giving rise to the innovative technology of using the inertial power of the vehicle and the vehicle's gravity to jointly drive an adaptive charging generator. New energy land and water pure electric vehicles have the ability to continuously charge the on-board power supply during driving. This is a practical technology of special significance for new energy pure electric vehicles with low actual power consumption and relatively small on-board battery capacity, laying the necessary material foundation for them to achieve ultra-long cruising range.

[0032] The characteristics of new energy Lushui pure electric vehicles, such as large power torque, low power consumption and small battery capacity, determine that supercapacitors are transformed into a more practical power supply technology. Taking advantage of their good low-temperature performance, safety, long life and fast and large current charging and discharging characteristics, an innovative design of a combined dual power supply with supercapacitors as the main and lithium batteries as the auxiliary, 220V / 380V national standard power supply and optional photovoltaic thin-film power generation technology are convenient for filling the supercapacitor before driving to provide driving power for the motor, and can also be used to charge the supercapacitor energy storage tank in time when the car is moving. Its electronic control system mainly automatically controls and manages the charging distribution management of supercapacitors and lithium batteries, and controls and manages electronic instruments such as charging generators and external power chargers.

[0033] New energy land-water pure electric vehicles have subversive technical advantages over existing new energy vehicles in terms of core power performance and power consumption indicators, on-board battery capacity, and vehicle manufacturing costs, as well as safety and reliability. They can rely on the relatively complete industrial chain of existing electric vehicles to form a high-speed development of electric vehicles in a relatively short period of time. However, this technology is an innovative technology that has not been fully verified in practical applications. The single technology is mature, but whether there are conflicts and contradictions in the mutual integration of technologies needs to be repeatedly verified in actual tests, and the overall system technology can be mature and practical only after continuous improvement of the technology in experimental tests.

Claims

1. This invention discloses an innovative technical method for new energy land and water pure electric vehicles, which is characterized by: Relying on the traditional mature automobile technology foundation, the vehicle plane space is fully utilized to innovatively design the largest size flywheel rotor special variable frequency speed regulation three-phase asynchronous low-speed drive motor. Its core technology is the innovative integration of electromagnetic drive innovation, integrating flywheel rotor energy storage, stator double winding, flywheel rotor spoke design as several propeller blades, lever mechanical assistance and multi-polar magnetic field low-speed drive assistance. It is an innovative technology that simultaneously realizes multiple functions of automobile power drive, motor heat dissipation, surface navigation and induction power generation. It uses its super power performance and automobile gravity drive to adapt to the charging generator to rotate and generate power. First, it charges and replenishes the on-board power supply with supercapacitor as the main and lithium battery as the auxiliary. The supercapacitor power supply is used to provide power for the drive system first. When the supercapacitor is depleted, it is powered by the lithium battery pack. When the car is moving, the generator continuously charges the supercapacitor power supply. When the supercapacitor power supply is fully charged, it is charged with the lithium battery power supply. At the same time, the innovative technical method of converting the reciprocating cycle of the supercapacitor power supply is suitable for the practical application design and manufacturing of a wide range of models such as passenger cars, commercial vehicles, and rail vehicles.

2. The flywheel rotor special variable frequency speed regulation three-phase asynchronous low-speed motor is the technical essence and core component of the system of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles. Its characteristics are: Relying on the mature technical foundation of traditional motors, the maximum size of the drive motor is innovatively designed by making full use of the width space of the car body. The core technology of this flywheel rotor special low-speed drive motor is the innovative integration of low-speed electromagnetic drive, which integrates flywheel rotor energy storage, stator double winding, flywheel rotor spoke design as several propeller blades, lever mechanical assistance and multi-polar magnetic field low-speed drive assistance. The innovative design simultaneously realizes the multiple functions of automobile power drive, motor heat dissipation, surface navigation and electromagnetic induction power generation. For amphibious vehicles, the drive motor winding requires a higher level of waterproof insulation, and the winding coil needs to be used. The winding is made of waterproof electromagnetic wire. The basic power adapted to the passenger car drive motor is 10-30 kilowatts. The speed of the low-speed drive motor is designed to be several hundred rpm at an industrial frequency. After frequency conversion, the speed is adjusted to the ideal maximum working speed. Commercial vehicles can choose the appropriate power according to actual needs. The drive motor design and selection are suitable for three-phase asynchronous induction motors. Permanent magnet motors, switched reluctance motors, wound rotor induction motors and excitation, permanent magnet brushed motors are all suitable for innovative design as flywheel rotor special multi-pole low-speed motors. The drive power supply can preferably be a national standard 50 Hz voltage 380 volt power supply or other standard high-voltage power supply.

3. The flywheel rotor special drive motor body and stator are innovatively designed. The motor stator is designed as a part of the motor housing. The motor end cover and the bolt holes for fixing the vehicle body are set around the stator circle. The flywheel rotor and the two end covers form the whole motor. The stator waterproof double winding of the drive winding and the induction winding is innovatively designed. One is the traditional power input drive winding, and the other is the innovative design of the induction winding coil of the power drive winding. The function is to generate uninterrupted induced current output when the motor is working to directly charge the supercapacitor and the on-board battery to replenish electric energy, thereby directly reducing the energy consumption of the drive motor. The stator slot range is 48-90 slots and the stator has 20-30 magnetic poles. The stator height is between 60-90 mm, and its winding is suitable for centralized or distributed winding methods; the drive motor stator is innovatively designed as a multi-pole low-speed drive motor with 8-30 poles. Compared with the existing 2-4 pole drive motors of new energy vehicles, its electromagnetic drive low-speed assist can increase the torque output force-enhancing space by 5-15 times, and the motor speed is designed to be several hundred rpm at the industrial frequency.

4. The innovative design of the flywheel rotor is characterized by: The shape is designed as a large-sized rotor with a traditional flywheel structure. The purpose is to give full play to the rotor's flywheel-like energy storage and increase the torque output space of the electromagnetic prime mover by more than 5-15 times, presenting stronger mechanical power performance than traditional motors. It is suitable for the design of various types of rotors such as squirrel cage, winding, permanent magnet and magnetic steel. The horizontally installed motor rotor spokes can be flexibly designed into a structure of several blades, which can realize multiple functions such as automobile wind resistance assistance, motor ventilation and heat dissipation, and water navigation. The quality determination of the rotor is also the principle of power adaptation.

5. Power drive system. The power system of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles is composed of a flywheel rotor special low-speed drive motor, a gravity flywheel and a power angle box. The innovative design of the gravity flywheel is mainly used for energy storage and balancing direction. The mechanism combination of the drive motor, gravity flywheel and power angle box is more suitable for an integrated design and installation mode. The power angle box is composed of 4 modules, the same size, bevel gears meshing with each other in the cross position and positioning lubricated bearings. The horizontal axis outputs and transmits power front and back. The upper vertical shaft bevel gear shaft should be a round hole sleeve, and the spline shaft through the middle is connected to the bevel gear spline sleeve at the lower end. The flywheel rotor drives the gravity flywheel to rotate in opposite directions to achieve multiple purposes of energy storage, power assistance and directional balance. The vertical installation of the motor is matched with the connection method of the upper power input shaft and the lower sleeve. The horizontal installation of the motor is the horizontal direct connection of the power input shaft to transmit power, and there is no need to install a power angle box mechanism.

6. Power transmission system. The power transmission system is composed of a power angle gearbox and a power transmission shaft directly connected to a charging generator, or indirectly connected to a charging generator through a hydraulic torque converter. The power is then transmitted to the rear drive axle to drive the wheels to rotate and do work. If the drive motor is installed horizontally, it is not necessary to install a power transmission angle mechanism. The electric direct drive power system can flexibly design the transmission method of the drive shaft or the transmission belt. For cars with a single front-wheel or rear-wheel drive mode, the charging generator assembly design can also be integrated and assembled to the new axle of the rear wheel or the front wheel. The power transmission is the same speed or reduced speed to drive the wheels to rotate and do work. Supercapacitors, lithium batteries and charging generators are installed in the chassis design of the car. For heavy trucks, the power transmission reduction ratio differential drive axle and wheel hub reduction device design that are suitable for the actual needs of the vehicle model can be selected. The purpose is to maintain a strong mechanical assist for driving traction.

7. Chassis. Due to its own structural characteristics, new concept cars are usually designed as a combination of two steel-structured integral chassis beams, with space for the drive shaft reserved in the middle. The chassis of the front-wheel drive mode of the drive motor can be an integral flat combination beam, which is convenient for installing the vehicle body and fixing the front and rear wheel axles and suspension accessories. Its length can be designed to be the distance between the front and rear axles, and is placed around the two sides of the drive system device and the charging generator. One of the chassis panels is installed with batteries, and the other is installed with supercapacitors. If there is a problem of insufficient space, the supercapacitors can be installed under the car seat and inside the backrest.

8. Innovative design of charging energy replenishment system for new energy land and water pure electric vehicles. The powerful power and gravity inertia of new concept vehicles drive the charging generator to work. The generator selection is preferably a brushless self-excited multi-pole excitation generator. The magnetic pole design of the generator matches the drive motor. It is ideal to generate power at a speed of 60-90 kilometers per hour to generate a current of 50 Hz. It can usually be designed as a generator with about 10 poles. The power of the generator can be based on actual needs and the principle of adaptation. Usually, a relatively large-power generator is designed and its output current is controlled to be less than 30%. It continuously generates electricity to charge the on-board supercapacitor group and lithium battery group while the car is moving; due to the continuous improvement of the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and the continuous expansion of its practical application, the body of the car can choose to apply photovoltaic thin-film power generation and photovoltaic panel power generation technology according to the design requirements of the vehicle model. The roof of the car is equipped with photovoltaic power generation films and power generation panels that can be expanded and recovered front and back and left and right to solve the problem of no power supply outdoors and in the wild to fully alleviate the contradiction of car charging. The design of new energy land and water pure electric vehicles can flexibly select this technology according to actual needs.

9. Innovative design of vehicle power supply and control technology, innovative design and adaptation of large-capacity supercapacitors as the main and battery as the auxiliary combined power supply technology method, or lithium battery independent power supply mode, among which lithium batteries are selected for safety first, without explosion, no fire hazard, excellent safety and reliable performance, excellent low and high temperature adaptability and fast charging and discharging capability, such as lithium titanate batteries. The capacity of supercapacitors should be selected to drive conventional vehicles at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour for about 30-60 minutes. The driving DC power supply of passenger cars adopts 72-220 volts or multiple groups of supercapacitors and battery groups are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity power supply mode. The driving power supply standard is determined to be the national standard 50Hz voltage 380v, and the driving power supply of commercial vehicles adopts a higher adaptation series supercapacitor. Multiple groups of capacitor groups and battery groups are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity power supply mode. The on-board DC power supply is rectified and boosted by the inverter to 380V AC current output, and then controlled by the frequency converter to drive the motor. The electric control system of the new energy Lushui pure electric vehicle mainly controls the priority use of the supercapacitor power supply group to provide driving power for the drive, and the charging generator and the photovoltaic thin film power generation power supply are directly connected to the supercapacitor charging technical method. The power generation current is output through the power supply voltage stabilization control current and then prioritizes the supercapacitor charging control mode. The battery capacity is mainly used for auxiliary supplementary use of the drive motor and the whole vehicle electrical system. When the supercapacitor power supply is low, it switches to control the lithium battery to power the drive motor to do work. When the charging generator is controlled to charge the supercapacitor power supply, the charging current overflows and switches to the battery for reciprocating cycle control.

10. New energy land and water pure electric vehicle technology methods and related products, characterized by: Adhering to the innovative thinking of energy conservation and emission reduction, relying on the mature traditional automobile technology foundation, integrating the cutting-edge flywheel energy storage device technology, making full use of the extreme plane space of the automobile to innovatively design the largest size low-speed multi-pole flywheel rotor special drive motor, its core technology is the electromagnetic drive innovation integrated fusion flywheel energy storage, double stator winding induction power generation, lever mechanical assistance and multi-pole magnetic field low-speed drive assistance innovation technology, is a new energy pure electromagnetic motive force drive, transmission and automobile driving powertrain system overall multi-dimensional assistance innovation technology, its technology and products have practical applications in a wide range of related fields.