Dredger with detachable hopper function unit

Abstract

This invention discloses a dredger with detachable mud hopper functional units, comprising a stern module of the main hull, a bow module of the main hull, and a mud hopper functional area for housing the mud hopper functional units, divided by a transverse box-shaped bulkhead. The transverse box-shaped bulkhead is located between the stern module and the bow module of the main hull. Multiple detachable mud hopper functional units are provided within the mud hopper functional area, and each mud hopper functional unit has at least one openable mud channel door that allows mud from the mud hopper functional area to enter the mud hopper functional unit. This invention enables the dredger to achieve rapid assembly and disassembly of multiple mud hopper functional units. By replacing the mud hopper functional units, uninterrupted operation can be achieved, improving the efficiency of mud and sand transportation during dredging and reducing the need for a large number of dredgers in long-distance operations. The mud hopper functional units are independent of each other, facilitating maintenance and increasing effective operating time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit, belonging to the field of ship design and manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, in order to support the sustainable and stable development of the national economy and meet the needs of river water conservancy, flood control and dredging, port dredging, land reclamation, and deep-sea island and reef development, large dredgers, as representatives of high-tech dredging equipment, have been continuously upgraded with technological iterations, and the trend towards larger size is significant.

[0003] The dredging industry urgently needs a dredger design that can accommodate various operational scenarios, such as deep-sea operations and short-distance operations, while also being quick to deploy and flexible in configuration.

[0004] The existing dredging vessel designs have the following shortcomings:

[0005] Dredgers with integrated mud hoppers are at a disadvantage in terms of transfer efficiency, while dredgers without mud hoppers have a narrow range of applicable engineering projects. For large-scale reclamation and sand extraction operations over ultra-long distances, the transportation time of dredgers is much longer than the dredging time, which cannot meet the new requirements of ultra-large dredgers in terms of reducing investment and operating costs, high efficiency, high autonomy, high operability, high flexibility, technological innovation, and environmental friendliness.

[0006] To maximize dredging efficiency and reduce the number of dredgers required, dredgers are often used in combination with barges. Meanwhile, dredger designs without silos, such as well-type dredgers without silos and trenching dredgers without silos, have also been proposed. However, the use of silo-free dredgers has certain limitations. Barge berthing and loading operations require specific sea conditions and are only suitable for long-distance sand extraction; therefore, they remain only at the conceptual stage.

[0007] Furthermore, the integrated mud hopper section is primarily a plate frame structure, manufactured as a single unit, with each vessel's design tailored to its specific needs. Once the design is finalized, the mud door arrangement and hopper capacity are determined. The installation, maintenance, and replacement of mud doors in the mud hopper section are quite difficult, and subsequent modifications to the mud door arrangement and hopper load-bearing capacity are costly.

[0008] Finally, due to the continuous nature of the mud hopper section, the uneven density of the mud causes the structural stress around the mud hopper to change continuously. Alternating loads and low-cycle fatigue damage in critical areas necessitate additional structural reinforcement. The monolithic mud hopper walls endure prolonged mud abrasion during loading and unloading operations, making subsequent plate replacement and maintenance difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the existing conventional dredger integrated mud hopper design is at a disadvantage in terms of loading and unloading efficiency, and the assembly, maintenance and replacement of mud hopper section mud doors are difficult; dealing with alternating loads and low-cycle fatigue damage in key areas of the mud hopper perimeter is quite challenging; the integral mud hopper wall is subjected to mud abrasion for a long time during loading and unloading operations, and subsequent plate replacement and maintenance are difficult.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a dredger with detachable mud chamber functional units, characterized in that it includes a stern module of the main hull, a bow module of the main hull, and a mud chamber functional area for carrying the mud chamber functional units, which are divided by a transverse box-shaped bulkhead. The transverse box-shaped bulkhead is located between the stern module of the main hull and the bow module of the main hull. The mud chamber functional area is provided with a plurality of detachable mud chamber functional units, and each mud chamber functional unit is provided with at least one openable mud passage door that allows mud in the mud chamber functional area to enter the mud chamber functional unit.

[0011] Preferably, the mud chamber functional area is divided into multiple mud chamber functional unit placement areas for placing mud chamber functional units; the various mud chamber functional unit placement areas are interconnected.

[0012] Preferably, each of the mud tank functional unit placement areas is surrounded by a double-layer side structure, a double-layer bottom structure, transverse box-shaped bulkheads, and longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads. The transverse box-shaped bulkheads are evenly arranged along the length of the ship. The double-layer side structure, two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads, and longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads form the four side walls of the mud tank functional unit placement area. The bottom of the mud tank functional unit placement area is provided with a support and positioning structure for supporting the mud tank functional unit and matching the bottom of the mud tank functional unit. The support and positioning structure is located on the double-layer bottom structure.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting positioning structure includes a bottom inclined plate of the mud hopper frame and a central inclined plate of the bottom of the mud hopper frame. The bottom inclined plate of the mud hopper frame, the central inclined plate of the bottom of the mud hopper frame, and the inner bottom plate of the double-layer bottom structure form the bottom of the mud hopper functional unit placement area. The inclination angle of the bottom inclined plate of the mud hopper frame is consistent with the inclination angle of the transverse bottom inclined plate of the mud hopper functional unit, and the inclination angle of the central inclined plate is consistent with the inclination angle of the longitudinal bottom inclined plate of the mud hopper functional unit.

[0014] Preferably, each mud chamber functional unit placement area has at least one mud chamber passage door on its inner wall, and the openable mud passage door of each mud chamber functional unit corresponds to one mud chamber passage door in the mud chamber functional unit placement area where the mud chamber functional unit is located.

[0015] Preferably, each of the mud chamber functional unit placement areas has two slide rail positioning and locking modules on opposite sides of the inner wall, and two slide rails on opposite sides of the mud chamber functional unit. The position and size of the slide rail positioning and locking modules correspond to those of the slide rails. Through the matching of the slide rail positioning and locking modules with the slide rails, the mud chamber functional unit moves up and down within the mud chamber functional unit placement area.

[0016] Preferably, the upper surface of the slide rail positioning and locking module is flush with the main deck, and the distance between the two slide rail positioning and locking modules is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the width of the mud tank functional unit.

[0017] Preferably, the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead divides the mud tank functional area into a left mud tank functional unit frame and a right mud tank functional unit frame, with the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead positioned between the left and right mud tank functional unit frames; the transverse box-shaped bulkheads are evenly arranged along the length of the ship, and the net space interval between any two transverse box-shaped bulkheads is the spacing between the mud tank functional units including the gaps; the longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads and the transverse box-shaped bulkheads are arranged intersectingly; the left and right mud tank functional unit frames are divided into multiple mud tank functional unit placement areas.

[0018] Preferably, mud compartment passage doors are provided on both the transverse box-shaped bulkheads and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads. The distance between the mud compartment passage doors on the longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads is the distance between two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads. The distance between the mud compartment passage doors on the transverse box-shaped bulkheads is 0.5 times the distance between the side plate of the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead on the hull side and the inner longitudinal bulkhead of the double-layer hull side structure.

[0019] Preferably, the foremost end of the mud tank functional area is located at the rear bulkhead of the bow pump room, and the rearmost end is located at the front bulkhead of the engine room. Both the rear bulkhead of the bow pump room and the front bulkhead of the engine room are designed as transverse box-shaped bulkheads.

[0020] Except for the central mud hopper section, the overall layout and design of the main hull of this invention are similar to those of traditional dredgers, and can draw upon existing mature design experience from traditional dredgers. The difference lies in the fact that the longitudinal and transverse bulkhead strength of the mud hopper section of the main hull needs to be particularly reinforced; the area within the mud hopper section that houses the mud hopper functional units adopts a box-frame structure.

[0021] This invention enables dredgers to quickly assemble and disassemble multiple mud hopper functional units. By replacing these units, uninterrupted operation is achieved, improving the efficiency of dredged sediment transfer and reducing the number of dredgers required for long-distance operations. Furthermore, the flexible configuration of the mud hopper functional units can meet the requirements of different dredged soil types and control the suspension and diffusion range of sediment during operation. The independent mud hopper functional units facilitate maintenance and increase effective operating time.

[0022] The dredger with detachable mud hopper functional unit of this invention is highly expandable, inexpensive, and can be flexibly combined, configured, maintained, and replaced, which is conducive to meeting the new operational needs of the industry and promoting the industry's continuous development and innovation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A side view of a dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit;

[0024] Figure 2 A top view of the bottom of a dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit;

[0025] Figure 3 A top view of a dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a transverse box-shaped bulkhead;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mud chamber functional unit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] This invention provides a dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit, enabling rapid and flexible assembly and disassembly of the mud hopper functional unit. For example... Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this invention uses a transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 as a boundary to divide the hull into a stern module 1, a bow module 2, and a mud hopper functional area 3 for housing the mud hopper functional unit 8. The mud hopper functional area 3 is located between the stern module 1 and the bow module 2. A longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 divides the mud hopper functional area 3 into a port mud hopper functional unit frame 9 and a starboard mud hopper functional unit frame 10. Specifically, the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 is located between the stern module 1 and the bow module 2, and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 is located between the port mud hopper functional unit frame 9 and the starboard mud hopper functional unit frame 10.

[0031] The mud tank functional unit frame of the present invention has several continuously distributed box-shaped bulkhead structures. In order to facilitate the mounting of the mud tank functional unit 8, the mud tank functional unit frame (i.e., the left mud tank functional unit frame 9 and the right mud tank functional unit frame 10) mainly adopts a box-shaped bulkhead frame. The mud tank functional unit frame includes a double-layer side structure 15, a transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4, a longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11, and a mud tank frame bottom inclined plate 13 and a mud tank frame bottom central inclined plate 14 disposed between the box-shaped bulkheads (i.e., the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11) and the double-layer bottom inner bottom plate 12 of the double-layer bottom structure 5.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the inclination angle of the bottom inclined plate 13 of the mud hopper frame is approximately between 30° and 60°, which is consistent with the inclination angle of the transverse bottom inclined plate 27 of the mud hopper functional unit 8. The uppermost section of the bottom inclined plate 13 of the mud hopper frame must be equipped with a strong support structure at a horizontal position inside the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4, and the lowermost section must be equipped with strong support structures in both the transverse and longitudinal directions, such as ribs, trusses, bulkheads, etc.

[0033] The foremost end of the mud compartment functional unit frame is located at the rear bulkhead of the bow pump room 16, and the rearmost end is located at the front bulkhead of the engine room 17. Both the rear bulkhead of the bow pump room 16 and the front bulkhead of the engine room 17 are designed as transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4.

[0034] The main structures of the left mud compartment functional unit frame 9 and the right mud compartment functional unit frame 10 are box-shaped bulkhead frames. To enable the mud compartment functional unit 8 to simultaneously achieve independent loading and interconnected operation, mud compartment access doors 7 are provided on both the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the mud tank passage doors 7 on the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 is the spacing between two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4. The distance between the mud tank passage doors 7 on the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 is 0.5 times the distance between the side plate of the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 on the hull side and the inner longitudinal bulkhead of the double-layer side structure 15.

[0035] The mud chamber passage door 7 is mainly used to achieve the connection operation of the mud chamber functional unit 8 when the openable mud passage door is opened. The number and size of the mud chamber passage door 7 can be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the mud chamber functional unit 8.

[0036] The transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 are evenly arranged along the length of the ship, and the net space interval between two transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 is the spacing of the mud compartment functional units 8 including the gaps.

[0037] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the left mud compartment functional unit frame 9 and the right mud compartment functional unit frame 10 are each divided into several mud compartment functional unit placement areas 6 for placing mud compartment functional units 8. Two sliding rail positioning and locking modules 18 are provided on each side of the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4. The upper surface of the sliding rail positioning and locking module 18 is flush with the main deck 19, and the distance between the two sliding rail positioning and locking modules 18 is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the width of the mud compartment functional unit 8.

[0038] The double-layer side structure 15 on the ship's side, the transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 on the fore and aft sides, and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 in the middle form the four side walls of the mud tank functional unit placement area 6 in the mud tank functional unit frame. The double-layer inner bottom plate 12, the bottom inclined plate 13 of the mud tank frame, and the central inclined plate 14 of the bottom of the mud tank frame form the bottom (i.e., the support and positioning structure) of the mud tank functional unit placement area 6 in the mud tank functional unit frame. One side of the double-layer inner bottom plate 12 is connected to the double-layer side structure 15 on the ship's side, and the other side of the double-layer inner bottom plate 12 is connected to the central inclined plate 14 of the bottom of the mud tank frame. The central inclined plate 14 of the bottom of the mud tank frame is located on the opposite side of the double-layer side structure 15 on the ship's side, and the other two opposite sides of the double-layer inner bottom plate 12 are connected to the two bottom inclined plates 13 of the mud tank frame. The inclination angle of the central inclined plate 14 of the bottom is consistent with the inclination angle of the longitudinal bottom inclined plate 26 of the mud tank functional unit 8.

[0039] The transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 frames (i.e., the inner walls of the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 in the mud tank functional unit placement area 6) are equipped with bulkheads 20 and buckling stiffeners 21 for reinforcement. The space of the box-shaped bulkheads should be large enough to transfer the mid-longitudinal load and facilitate internal construction.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the mud tank functional unit 8 includes a mud tank unit body. At least one side wall of the mud tank unit body is provided with an openable mud channel door 22, and at least two side walls of the mud tank unit body are provided with slide rails 23. The side walls of the mud tank unit body are reinforced by horizontal trusses 24 and vertical trusses 25. The bottom of the mud tank unit body is provided with a transverse bottom ramp 27 and a longitudinal bottom ramp 26. In this embodiment, two slide rails 23 are provided on each of the front and rear sides of the mud tank functional unit 8. The cross-sectional dimensions of the slide rails 23 match the dimensions of the slide rail positioning and locking modules 18 on the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4. The spacing of the slide rails 23 matches the spacing of the slide rail positioning and locking modules 18, and the position of the slide rails 23 also matches the position of the slide rail positioning and locking modules 18. The mud tank functional unit 8 is provided with openable mud channel doors 22 on both the front and rear sides. The openable mud channel doors 22 are made of sheet metal and have opening and closing functions. When the passage door is open, the passage area occupies 30% to 40% of the connecting end face area of ​​the mud chamber functional unit 8, enabling mud flow between the mud chamber functional units 8. After the passage door is closed, several mud chamber functional units 8 can operate independently.

[0041] The following explanation uses a dredger with an overall length of 188m, a beam of 36m, and a capacity of 30,000m³ as an example:

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 are evenly arranged along the length of the ship. The width of each transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 is 0.8m, and the center distance between two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 is 12m. This divides the mud hull functional area 3 in the middle of the main hull into 8 isolated areas (i.e., mud hull functional unit placement areas 6), with a net space length of 11.2m for each area. The first transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 near the stern and the last transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4 near the bow divide the entire ship into the stern module 1 of the main hull, the bow module 2 of the main hull, and the mud hull functional unit frame for carrying the mud hull functional units 8.

[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, a longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 divides the mud tank functional area 3 into two mud tank functional unit frames, one on the left and one on the right. Each of the two mud tank functional unit frames contains eight mud tank functional unit placement areas 6. The internal clear space of each mud tank functional unit placement area 6 is 12.35m wide and 10.8m long. The distance between the two mud tank functional unit placement areas 6 is 12.6m. The width of the double-layer side structure 15 is 5.25m, therefore the overall beam of the ship is taken as 5.25m (double-layer side beam). 2 + 0.8 (width of longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead) + 12.35 (width of mud compartment functional unit placement area) 2 = 36m.

[0044] The bottom of each mud hopper functional unit placement area 6 consists of two mud hopper frame bottom ramps 13, one mud hopper frame bottom central ramp 14, and a double-bottom inner plate 12. The area of ​​the double-bottom inner plate 12 separated by the mud hopper frame bottom central ramp 14 is 1 / 3 of the length of the mud hopper functional unit placement area 6 along the ship's length direction, i.e., 3.6m, and 8.25m along the ship's width direction. The uppermost point of the mud hopper frame bottom ramp 13 is 2.55m above the double-bottom inner plate 12.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, mud compartment passage doors 7 are provided on the transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkheads 11. The distance between the mud compartment passage doors 4 on the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 is the center-to-center distance between two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4, which is 12m. The center position of the mud compartment passage door 7 on the transverse box-shaped bulkheads 4 is 6.75m from the center of the ship.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, two sliding rail positioning and locking modules 18 are provided on each side of the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4. The cross-sectional dimension of the locking module 18 is 0.8m. The distance between the two sliding rail positioning and locking modules 18 is approximately 1 / 3 of the width of the mud chamber functional unit placement area 6, which is 4.2m.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead 11 frame is internally equipped with bulkheads 20 and buckling stiffeners 21 for reinforcement. Four horizontally reinforced bulkheads are arranged along the height direction with a spacing of 2.9m to provide sufficient internal space for construction. Buckling stiffeners are installed at 700mm intervals between every two horizontally reinforced bulkheads.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, two slide rails 23 are provided on each of the front and rear sides of the mud chamber functional unit 8. The cross-sectional dimensions of the slide rails 23 match the dimensions of the slide rail positioning and locking modules 18 on the transverse box-shaped bulkhead 4, which are 0.8m. 0.55m. The spacing of the slide rails 23 is consistent with the spacing of the slide rail positioning and locking modules 18, i.e., 4.2m. The mud chamber functional unit 8 is provided with openable and closable mud channel doors 22 on both the front and rear sides. When the openable and closable mud channel doors 22 are open, the channel area occupies 35% of the connecting end face area of ​​the modular mud chamber functional unit 8, which can realize the flow of mud between the mud chamber functional units.

Claims

1. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit, characterized in that, The system includes a stern module (1) of the main hull, a bow module (2) of the main hull, and a mud compartment functional area (3) for carrying mud compartment functional units (8), which are divided by a transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4). The transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) is located between the stern module (1) and the bow module (2) of the main hull. The mud compartment functional area (3) is equipped with multiple detachable mud compartment functional units (8). Each mud compartment functional unit (8) is equipped with at least one openable mud passage door (22) that allows mud in the mud compartment functional area (3) to enter the mud compartment functional unit (8). Uninterrupted operation can be achieved by replacing the mud compartment functional units (8). The mud chamber functional area (3) is divided into multiple mud chamber functional unit placement areas (6) for placing mud chamber functional units (8); the mud chamber functional unit placement areas (6) are interconnected. Each mud chamber functional unit placement area (6) has at least one mud chamber passage door (7) on its inner wall, and the openable mud passage door (22) of each mud chamber functional unit (8) corresponds to one mud chamber passage door (7) of the mud chamber functional unit placement area (6) where the mud chamber functional unit (8) is located.

2. The dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each mud tank functional unit placement area (6) is surrounded by a double-layer side structure (15), a double-layer bottom structure (5), a transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4), and a longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11). The transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) is evenly arranged along the length of the ship. The double-layer side structure (15), two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads (4), and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) form the four side walls of the mud tank functional unit placement area (6). The bottom of the mud tank functional unit placement area (6) is provided with a support and positioning structure for supporting the mud tank functional unit (8) and matching the bottom of the mud tank functional unit (8). The support and positioning structure is located on the double-layer bottom structure (5).

3. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The supporting positioning structure includes a bottom inclined plate (13) of the mud hopper frame and a central inclined plate (14) of the bottom of the mud hopper frame. The bottom inclined plate (13), the central inclined plate (14) of the bottom of the mud hopper frame and the inner bottom plate (12) of the double bottom structure (5) form the bottom of the mud hopper functional unit placement area (6). The inclination angle of the bottom inclined plate (13) of the mud hopper frame is consistent with the inclination angle of the transverse bottom inclined plate (27) of the mud hopper functional unit (8), and the inclination angle of the central inclined plate (14) of the bottom is consistent with the inclination angle of the longitudinal bottom inclined plate (26) of the mud hopper functional unit (8).

4. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two slide rail positioning and locking modules (18) are provided on opposite sides of the inner wall of each mud chamber functional unit placement area (6). Two slide rails (23) are provided on opposite sides of the mud chamber functional unit (8). The position and size of the slide rail positioning and locking module (18) and the slide rail (23) are corresponding. Through the matching of the slide rail positioning and locking module (18) and the slide rail (23), the mud chamber functional unit (8) moves up and down within the mud chamber functional unit placement area (6).

5. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the slide rail positioning and locking module (18) is flush with the main deck (19), and the distance between the two slide rail positioning and locking modules (18) is between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the width of the mud tank functional unit (8).

6. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) divides the mud tank functional area (3) into the left mud tank functional unit frame (9) and the right mud tank functional unit frame (10). The longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) is located between the left mud tank functional unit frame (9) and the right mud tank functional unit frame (10). The transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) is evenly arranged along the length of the ship. The net space interval between any two transverse box-shaped bulkheads (4) is the spacing of the mud tank functional units (8) including the gap. The longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) and the transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) are intersected. The left mud tank functional unit frame (9) and the right mud tank functional unit frame (10) are divided into multiple mud tank functional unit placement areas (6).

7. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Mud tank passage doors (7) are provided on both the transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) and the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11). The distance between the mud tank passage doors (7) on the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) is the distance between two adjacent transverse box-shaped bulkheads (4). The distance between the mud tank passage doors (7) on the transverse box-shaped bulkhead (4) is 0.5 times the distance between the side plate of the longitudinal box-shaped bulkhead (11) on the hull side and the inner longitudinal bulkhead of the double-layer side structure (15).

8. A dredger with a detachable mud hopper functional unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the mud tank functional area (3) is located at the rear end of the bow pump room (16) and the rear end is located at the front end of the engine room (17). Both the rear end of the bow pump room (16) and the front end of the engine room (17) are designed as transverse box-shaped bulkheads (4).

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