Fluffy wind speed and direction sensor and wind speed and direction measurement method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor, comprising a base and a fluff element; a card slot is provided on the base, and the lower end of the fluff element is installed in the card slot; the fluff element comprises a flexible shell, and a wind speed measuring element is provided in the inner cavity of the flexible shell, and the wind speed measuring element comprises a center rod and a spiral line; the center rod is arranged in the center of the inner cavity of the flexible shell, and the upper and lower ends of the center rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell; the spiral line is arranged along the length direction of the center rod; one of the center rod and the spiral line is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material; a wind direction measuring element is provided between the fluff element and the card slot, and the wind direction measuring element comprises an outer ring member arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the card slot and an inner ring member arranged on the outer wall of the flexible shell corresponding to the outer ring member; one of the outer ring member and the inner ring member is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material. The invention also discloses a method for measuring wind speed and direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind speed and direction measurement, and specifically relates to a fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor and a wind speed and direction measurement method. Background Art

[0002] The stress conditions of fan blades under different environmental conditions and the distribution of surface wind direction are current research hotspots in the field of wind power generation. At present, simulation analysis is mostly used to judge and analyze the stress conditions of the fan, but the surface wind direction distribution of the fan blades based on theoretical analysis cannot be calibrated in real time through detection. In order to solve this problem, in the prior art, a visual fiber flow test technology is used to stick vertical fibers on the surface of the test object, and then the test object is placed in a wind field. The fiber orientation under the flow field is captured by a high-speed camera to determine the distribution of wind direction.

[0003] Although the visual fiber flow test technology can realize wind direction testing to a certain extent, it is difficult to achieve real-time monitoring. Specifically, since the visual fiber flow test technology requires the use of a high-speed camera to capture the image, its application scenarios are limited and cannot be applied to the actual fan blades for wind direction distribution detection; and after capturing the image, a lot of time is required for comparison and post-processing. In addition, the visual fiber flow test technology cannot realize wind speed detection. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor and a wind speed and direction measurement method, which can measure wind speed and wind direction.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention firstly proposes a fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor, comprising a base and a fluff element; the base is provided with a slot, and the lower end of the fluff element is installed in the slot;

[0007] The fluff element comprises a flexible shell, an inner cavity of the flexible shell is provided with a wind speed measuring element, and the wind speed measuring element comprises a center rod and a spiral wire; the center rod is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the flexible shell, and the upper and lower ends of the center rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, or the lower end of the center rod is fixedly connected to the flexible shell and the upper end is located in the inner cavity of the flexible shell; the spiral wire is arranged in a cylindrical spiral manner along the length direction of the center rod, and the spiral wire is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell; one of the center rod and the spiral wire is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material;

[0008] A wind direction measuring element is provided between the fluff element and the slot, and the wind direction measuring element includes an outer ring member arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the slot and an inner ring member arranged on the outer wall of the flexible shell corresponding to the outer ring member; one of the outer ring member and the inner ring member is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material.

[0009] Furthermore, among the central rod and the spiral wire, the spiral wire is configured as a sliding resistor, and the central rod is made of metal material.

[0010] Furthermore, among the outer ring member and the inner ring member, the outer ring member is configured as a sliding resistor, and the inner ring member is made of a metal material.

[0011] Furthermore, at least one slot is provided on the base.

[0012] Furthermore, a spherical groove is provided at the bottom of the slot, and a spherical support that cooperates with the spherical groove is provided at the lower end of the flexible shell.

[0013] The present invention also proposes a method for measuring wind speed and direction, which comprises the following steps: after installing the fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor as described above on the surface of the object to be measured, the object to be measured is placed in a wind field; the fluff element bends and deforms under the action of wind load, so that the inner ring of the wind direction measuring element contacts the outer ring and the center rod of the wind speed measuring element contacts the spiral line, and the resistance values ​​of the wind direction measuring element and the wind speed measuring element are collected; the contact position between the inner ring and the outer ring is obtained by the resistance value of the wind direction measuring element, and the bending direction of the fluff element, i.e., the wind direction, is obtained; the contact position between the spiral line and the center rod is obtained by the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element, and the corresponding wind load and wind speed are obtained by solving the contact position between the spiral line and the center rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the method of using the contact position between the spiral line and the central rod to solve the corresponding wind load and wind speed is as follows: establishing a bending model of the flexible shell under wind load and a bending model of the central rod; using the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element obtained by the acquisition, the contact position of the bending deformation of the flexible shell and the central rod is obtained. According to the contact geometry relationship between the bending deformation of the flexible shell and the central rod, the wind load is solved, and the wind speed is solved according to the wind load on the flexible shell.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the central rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, and the bending model of the flexible shell is:

[0016]

[0017] in: For flexible housing The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The length of the fluff element exposed from the slot; is the average wind load applied to the flexible shell; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the flexible shell; is the elastic modulus of the flexible shell; The elastic modulus of the center rod; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the center rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the central rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, and the stress bending model of the central rod is:

[0019]

[0020] in: The center rod The accumulated bending deformation at the location; is the length between the two fixed ends of the center rod; The elastic modulus of the center rod; is the moment of inertia of the central rod; is the section resistance moment of the center rod; The center rod Bending deformation at the location.

[0021] Furthermore, the bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell and the central rod is:

[0022]

[0023] in: is the distance between the inner wall of the flexible housing cavity and the outer wall of the center rod; For flexible housing The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The center rod The accumulated bending deformation at the location.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor of the present invention is provided with a card slot on the base and a fluff element is installed in the card slot. Thus, the wind direction can be measured in real time by using a wind direction measuring element arranged between the fluff element and the card slot, and the wind speed can be measured in real time by using a wind speed measuring element arranged in a flexible housing. Specifically:

[0026] The wind direction measurement principle is: when the fluff element is subjected to wind load, it will bend and deform, so that the inner ring member arranged on the flexible shell will contact the outer ring member arranged on the inner wall of the card slot. Different contact positions of the inner ring member and the outer ring member have different resistance values. By collecting the resistance value of the wind direction measurement element, the bending direction of the fluff element can be obtained. The bending direction of the fluff element is the same as the wind load direction. In this way, the wind load direction can be obtained.

[0027] The wind speed measurement principle is: when the fluff element is subjected to wind load, it will bend and deform. However, due to the different bending deformation amounts of the flexible shell and the center rod, the contact position between the flexible shell and the center rod is different under the action of different wind loads. Since different contact positions between the flexible shell and the center rod have different resistance values, by collecting the resistance value of the wind speed measurement element, the contact position between the flexible shell and the center rod and the bending deformation amount and bending deformation form of the fluff element can be obtained, and then the corresponding wind load size can be obtained.

[0028] In summary, the fluff type wind speed and direction sensor of the present invention can realize real-time measurement of wind direction and wind speed, and can also obtain the bending deformation shape of the fluff element in real time. When applied to simulation analysis, it can perform dynamic real-time simulation and visual simulation of the fluff bending shape at different positions on the surface of the object being measured, the direction of the wind load and the wind speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluff element when it is bent;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the force model diagram of the fluff element;

[0034] Figure 5 is the bending moment diagram of the fuzz element;

[0035] Figure 6 is the bending deformation displacement diagram of the fluff element;

[0036] Figure 7 The force model diagram of the center rod;

[0037] Figure 8 is the bending moment diagram of the center rod;

[0038] Fig. 9 is a bending shape diagram of the fluff element of Example 1;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a diagram of the bending shape of the fluff element of Example 2.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 10-base; 11-slot; 12-outer ring; 13-spherical groove;

[0042] 20-fluff element; 21-flexible shell; 22-central rod; 23-spiral line; 24-inner ring; 25-spherical support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor of this embodiment includes a base 10 and a fluff element 20. A slot 11 is provided on the base 10, and the lower end of the fluff element 20 is installed in the slot 11. Specifically, there can be at least one slot 11 on the base 10, and each slot 11 can be installed with a fluff element 20, that is, according to actual needs, multiple fluff elements 20 can be installed on the same base 10.

[0045] Specifically, the fluff element 20 of the present embodiment includes a flexible shell 21, and a wind speed measuring element is arranged in the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21, and the wind speed measuring element includes a central rod 22 and a spiral line 23. In the present embodiment, the central rod 22 is arranged at the inner cavity center of the flexible shell 21, and the upper and lower ends of the central rod 22 are fixedly connected to the flexible shell 21. The spiral line 23 is arranged in a cylindrical spiral manner along the length direction of the central rod 22, and the spiral line 23 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21. Specifically, one of the central rod 22 and the spiral line 23 is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material. In this way, different contact positions between the central rod 22 and the spiral line 23 correspond to different resistance values. Conversely, the contact position of the central rod 22 and the spiral line 23 can be obtained by measuring the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element, and then the wind load size and wind speed size can be solved. In the present embodiment, the spiral line 23 is set as a sliding resistor, and the central rod 22 is made of metal material.

[0046] In some other embodiments, the center rod 22 is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21, but the lower end of the center rod 22 can also be arranged to be fixedly connected to the flexible shell 21, and the upper end is located in the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21, that is, the upper end of the center rod 22 is suspended as a free end. At this time, the bending of the fluff element 20 under the wind load can be divided into two stages: in the first stage, the fluff element 20 is subjected to the wind load, and only the flexible shell 21 is bent and contacts with the top of the center rod 22; in the second stage, under the action of the wind load, the flexible shell 21 is further bent, and a force is applied to the center rod 22 to drive the center rod 22 to bend. At this time, the contact point between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 changes, so that the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element changes, that is, the wind speed value can be reversely deduced by measuring the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element.

[0047] In this embodiment, a wind direction measuring element is provided between the fluff element 20 and the card slot 11, and the wind direction measuring element includes an outer ring member 12 provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the card slot 11 and an inner ring member 24 provided on the outer wall of the flexible shell 21 corresponding to the outer ring member 12. One of the outer ring member 12 and the inner ring member 24 is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material. In this way, different contact positions between the outer ring member 12 and the inner ring member 24 correspond to different resistance values. Conversely, the contact position between the outer ring member 12 and the inner ring member 24 can be obtained by measuring the resistance value of the wind direction measuring element, that is, the bending direction of the fluff element 20 relative to the base 10, that is, the direction of the wind load on the fluff element 20 can be obtained. In this embodiment, of the outer ring member 12 and the inner ring member 24, the outer ring member 12 is set as a sliding resistor, and the inner ring member 24 is made of metal material.

[0048] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, in order to enable the wind direction measuring element to measure the wind direction even when subjected to a relatively small wind load, a spherical groove 13 is provided at the bottom of the slot 11, and a spherical support 25 matching the spherical groove 13 is provided at the lower end of the flexible shell 21. The flexible shell 21 is installed in the spherical groove 13 through the spherical support 25, so that the spherical support 25 can rotate in any direction in the spherical groove 13. In this way, even when the fluff element 20 is subjected to a relatively small wind load, the fluff element 20 can be rotated relative to the base 10 by utilizing the rotational matching relationship between the spherical support 25 and the spherical groove 13, so that the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 24 are in contact and the wind direction is measured.

[0049] In summary, the fluff type wind speed and direction sensor of this embodiment is provided with a slot 11 on the base 10, and a fluff element 20 is installed in the slot 11. In this way, the wind direction can be measured in real time by using a wind direction measuring element arranged between the fluff element 20 and the slot 11, and the wind speed can be measured in real time by using a wind speed measuring element arranged in the flexible shell 21. Specifically, the wind direction measurement principle is: when the fluff element 20 is subjected to wind load, it will bend and deform. In this way, the inner ring member 24 arranged on the flexible shell 21 will contact the outer ring member 12 arranged on the inner wall of the slot 11. Different contact positions between the inner ring member 24 and the outer ring member 12 have different resistance values. By collecting the resistance value of the wind direction measuring element, the bending direction of the fluff element 20 can be obtained. The bending direction of the fluff element 20 is the same as the wind load direction. In this way, the wind load direction can be obtained. The wind speed measurement principle is: when the fluff element 20 is subjected to wind load, it will bend and deform. However, due to the different bending deformation amounts of the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22, the contact positions of the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 are different under the action of different wind loads. Since different contact positions between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 have different resistance values, by collecting the resistance value of the wind speed measurement element, the contact position between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 and the bending deformation amount and bending deformation form of the fluff element 20 can be obtained, and then the corresponding wind load size can be obtained. In this way, the fluff wind speed and direction sensor of this embodiment can realize real-time measurement of wind direction and wind speed, and can also obtain the bending deformation form of the fluff element 20 in real time. When applied to simulation analysis, it can perform dynamic real-time simulation and visual simulation of the fluff bending form at different positions on the surface of the measured object, the direction of the wind load and the wind speed size.

[0050] The specific implementation of the wind speed and direction measurement method of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor of this embodiment.

[0051] The wind speed and direction measurement method of this embodiment is as follows: after the base 10 of the fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor is installed on the surface of the object to be measured, the object to be measured is placed in the wind field. The fluff element 20 is bent and deformed under the action of wind load, so that the inner ring 24 of the wind direction measuring element contacts the outer ring 12 and the center rod 22 of the wind speed measuring element contacts the spiral line 23, and the resistance values ​​of the wind direction measuring element and the wind speed measuring element are collected; the contact position between the inner ring 24 and the outer ring 12 is obtained through the resistance value of the wind direction measuring element, and the bending direction of the fluff element 20 is obtained, that is, the wind direction is obtained; the contact position between the spiral line 23 and the center rod 22 is obtained through the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element, and the corresponding wind load and wind speed are obtained by solving the contact position between the spiral line 23 and the center rod 22.

[0052] Specifically, the method of solving the corresponding wind load and wind speed by using the contact position between the spiral line 23 and the central rod 22 is as follows: establishing a bending model of the flexible shell under wind load and a bending model of the central rod under wind load; using the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element obtained by the acquisition, obtaining the contact position of the bending deformation of the flexible shell 21 and the central rod 22 According to the bending deformation contact geometry between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22, the wind load is obtained, and the wind speed is obtained according to the wind load on the flexible shell 21.

[0053] Since the size of the fluff element 20 is small, in order to simplify the calculation, when constructing the bending model of the flexible shell and the bending model of the central rod, the present embodiment makes the following assumptions:

[0054] 1. Since the fluff element 20 is small in size, the wind load it receives is regarded as a vertical uniform load;

[0055] 2. The coordinate system of theoretical calculation, the origin of the coordinate system is the lower end of the flexible shell 21, and in this embodiment, the origin of the coordinate system is set at the center of the spherical support 25;

[0056] 3. The node "2" in the simplified model represents the contact point between the fluff element 20 and the card slot 11 when it is bent, and the position of the node "2" in the simplified model is set to "zero point";

[0057] 4. Theoretical calculations do not take into account the impact of the environment and product processing;

[0058] 5. Since the size of the fluff element 20 is small, the weight of the fluff element is not considered.

[0059] In this embodiment, a simplified model of the bending deformation of the flexible shell 21 under the action of wind load is as follows: Figure 4-6 As shown, the "1" node is the connection point between the lower end of the flexible shell 21 and the slot 11; the "2" node represents the contact point between the fluff element 20 and the slot 11 when it is bent; the "3" node is the upper end of the flexible shell 21, and for the flexible shell 21, the node "3" is the free end.

[0060] Thus, in this embodiment, both the upper and lower ends of the center rod 22 are fixedly connected to the flexible shell 21, and the construction method of the bending model of the flexible shell is as follows: Figure 4-6 The simplified model of the fluffy wind speed and direction sensor shown in the figure gives:

[0061] The flexible housing 21 is located at any position above the "zero point" Bending moment at for:

[0062]

[0063] The flexible housing 21 is in position Deformation for:

[0064]

[0065] The bending model of the flexible shell is obtained, that is, the flexible shell 21 is at position The accumulated bending deformation at is expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] in: The flexible housing 21 is The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The length of the fluff element 20 exposed from the card slot 11; is the average wind load applied to the flexible shell 21; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the flexible shell 21; is the elastic modulus of the flexible housing 21; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the center rod 22; is the elastic modulus of the center rod 22.

[0068] In this embodiment, the simplified model of the bending deformation of the center rod 22 is as follows: Figure 7-8 As shown, the nodes "1" and "3" are the upper and lower ends of the connection between the central rod 22 and the flexible shell 21 respectively; the node "2" represents the contact point between the fluff element 20 and the card slot 11 when it is bent. Figure 7-8 In the simplified bending deformation model of the center rod shown, the upper and lower ends of the center rod 22 are fixedly connected to the flexible shell 21, and the construction method of the center rod force bending model is as follows:

[0069] The center rod 22 is at any position Bending moment at for:

[0070]

[0071] in: i is the line stiffness, and i =E2I2 / L2, then:

[0072]

[0073] The center rod 22 is in position Deformation for:

[0074]

[0075] The center rod bending model is obtained, that is, the center rod 22 is at position The accumulated bending deformation at is expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] in: The center rod 22 is The accumulated bending deformation at the location; is the length between the two fixed ends of the center rod 22; The elastic modulus of the center rod 22; is the moment of inertia of the center rod 22; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the center rod 22; The center rod Bending deformation at the location.

[0078] Assume that the flexible housing 21 and the central rod 22 are in position contact, it indicates that the flexible housing 21 is in position The cumulative bending deformation at the position of the center rod 22 is The difference in the accumulated bending deformation at is equal to the distance between the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21 and the outer wall of the center rod 22. Thus, the bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 is obtained as follows:

[0079]

[0080] in: is the distance between the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible housing 21 and the outer wall of the central rod 22; The flexible housing 21 is The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The center rod 22 is The accumulated bending deformation at the location.

[0081] Thus, the contact position of the flexible housing 21 and the center rod 22 at which the flexible housing 21 and the center rod 22 are bent and deformed can be obtained by measuring the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element. At the same time, the flexible shell force bending model, the center rod force bending model and the bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22 can be solved to obtain the average wind load applied to the flexible shell 21 , and based on the average wind load With the geometrical dimensions of the fluff element 20, the wind speed is obtained.

[0082] The wind speed and direction measurement method of this embodiment is described below with reference to specific examples.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] Known conditions: The outer diameter of the flexible shell 21 is D1=1mm; the inner diameter of the flexible shell 21 is D2=0.6mm; the diameter of the metal conductive rod is d1=0.1mm; the length of the fluff element 20 in the card slot 11 is l1=1mm; the length of the fluff element 20 exposed outside the card slot 11 is l2=10mm; the material density of the flexible shell 21 is ρ1=1.65x10 -9 kg / mm 3 ; The material density of the center rod 22 is ρ2=8.90x10 -6 kg / mm 3 ; The elastic modulus of the flexible housing 21 is E1 = 6N / mm 2 ; The elastic modulus of the center rod 22 is E2=121000N / mm 2 ; Moment of inertia of flexible housing 21 I1 = 0.042757 mm 4 ; Moment of inertia of center rod 22 I2 = 0.000005mm 4 ; The cross-sectional resistance distance of the flexible housing 21 is W = 0.09802mm 3 ; The cross-sectional resistance distance of the center rod 22 is W2 = 0.00001mm 3 ; The linear stiffness of the center rod 22 is i=0.0605N*mm; then: the distance between the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21 and the outer wall of the center rod 22 is R=(D2-d1) / 2=0.25mm.

[0085] The contact position between the flexible housing 21 and the center rod 22 is obtained by the corresponding relationship between the resistance value and the contact position measured by the wind speed measuring element. x =1.3065mm, combined with the bending model of the flexible shell 21, the bending model of the center rod, and the bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22, the average wind load on the flexible shell 21 is obtained. q =0.002N / mm 2 . The wind speed and wind pressure formulas are obtained according to the Bernoulli equation: P =0.5ρV 2 ,in, P is the wind pressure (kN / m 2 ), V is wind speed (m / s), ρ=1.29 is air density (kg / m 3 ). Therefore, the average wind load q =0.002N / mm 2 =20N / m 2 The corresponding wind speed is 5.57m / s, that is, the wind speed value is obtained by solving.

[0086] In addition, the average wind load can be obtained q =0.002N / mm 2Under the action of The cumulative deformation is:

[0087]

[0088] In this way, the cumulative deformation of the flexible shell 21 and the top end (free end) of the fluff element 20 can be solved to be 5.191 mm, and a cumulative deformation table of the fluff element 20 at different positions can be obtained, as shown in Table 2.

[0089] Table 1 Cumulative deformation of the fluff element at different positions

[0090] Vertical distance 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cumulative displacement 0 0.245437 0.539816 0.887589 1.293208 1.761125 2.295792 2.901661 3.583184 4.344813 5.191

[0091] Get the center rod 22 at any position The cumulative deformation is:

[0092]

[0093] By the pile element 20 at any position The accumulated deformation and the central rod 22 at any position The accumulated deformation can be used to perform dynamic real-time simulation and visual simulation of the villi bending shape at different positions on the surface of the object being measured, the direction of the wind load and the wind speed, etc. Fig. 9 shown.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] Known conditions: The outer diameter of the flexible shell 21 is D1=1mm; the inner diameter of the flexible shell 21 is D2=0.6mm; the diameter of the metal conductive rod is d1=0.1mm; the length of the fluff element 20 in the card slot 11 is l1=1mm; the length of the fluff element 20 exposed outside the card slot 11 is l2=10mm; the material density of the flexible shell 21 is ρ1=1.65x10 -9 kg / mm 3 ; The material density of the center rod 22 is ρ2=8.90x10 -6 kg / mm 3 ; The elastic modulus of the flexible housing 21 is E1 = 6N / mm 2 ; The elastic modulus of the center rod 22 is E2=121000N / mm 2 ; Moment of inertia of flexible housing 21 I1 = 0.042757 mm 4 ; Moment of inertia of center rod 22 I2 = 0.000005mm 4 ; The cross-sectional resistance distance of the flexible housing 21 is W = 0.09802mm 3 ; The cross-sectional resistance distance of the center rod 22 is W2 = 0.00001mm 3; The linear stiffness of the center rod 22 is i=0.0605N*mm; then: the distance between the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell 21 and the outer wall of the center rod 22 is R=(D2-d1) / 2=0.25mm.

[0096] The contact position between the flexible housing 21 and the center rod 22 is obtained by the corresponding relationship between the resistance value and the contact position measured by the wind speed measuring element. x =1.0102mm, combined with the bending model of the flexible shell 21, the bending model of the center rod, and the bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell 21 and the center rod 22, the average wind load on the flexible shell 21 is obtained. q =0.0005N / mm 2 . The wind speed and wind pressure formulas are obtained according to the Bernoulli equation: P =0.5ρV 2 ,in, P is the wind pressure (kN / m 2 ), V is wind speed (m / s), ρ=1.29 is air density (kg / m 3 ). Therefore, the average wind load q =0.002N / mm 2 =20N / m 2 The corresponding wind speed is 2.78m / s, that is, the wind speed value is obtained by solving.

[0097] In addition, the average wind load q =0.002N / mm 2 Under the action of The cumulative deformation is:

[0098]

[0099] In this way, the cumulative deformation of the flexible shell 21 and the top end (free end) of the fluff element 20 can be solved to be 1.3094 mm, and a cumulative deformation table of the fluff element 20 at different positions can be obtained, as shown in Table 2.

[0100] Table 2 Cumulative deformation of the fluff element at different positions

[0101] Vertical distance 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cumulative displacement 0 0.061919 0.136184 0.223917 0.32624 0.444275 0.579144 0.731969 0.903872 1.095975 1.3094

[0102] Get the center rod 22 at any position The cumulative deformation is:

[0103]

[0104] By the pile element 20 at any position The accumulated deformation and the central rod 22 at any position The accumulated deformation can be used to perform dynamic real-time simulation and visual simulation of the villi bending shape at different positions on the surface of the object being measured, the direction of the wind load and the wind speed, etc. Fig.10 shown.

[0105] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor, characterized in that: It comprises a base and a fluff element; the base is provided with a slot, and the lower end of the fluff element is installed in the slot; The fluff element comprises a flexible shell, an inner cavity of the flexible shell is provided with a wind speed measuring element, and the wind speed measuring element comprises a center rod and a spiral wire; the center rod is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the flexible shell, and the upper and lower ends of the center rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, or the lower end of the center rod is fixedly connected to the flexible shell and the upper end is located in the inner cavity of the flexible shell; the spiral wire is arranged in a cylindrical spiral manner along the length direction of the center rod, and the spiral wire is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the flexible shell; one of the center rod and the spiral wire is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material; A wind direction measuring element is provided between the fluff element and the slot, and the wind direction measuring element includes an outer ring member arranged at the upper end of the inner wall of the slot and an inner ring member arranged on the outer wall of the flexible shell corresponding to the outer ring member; one of the outer ring member and the inner ring member is set as a sliding resistor, and the other is made of metal material.

2. The fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the central rod and the spiral wire, the spiral wire is configured as a sliding resistor, and the central rod is made of metal material.

3. The fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the outer ring and the inner ring, the outer ring is configured as a sliding resistor, and the inner ring is made of a metal material.

4. The fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one slot is provided on the base.

5. The fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A spherical groove is provided at the bottom of the slot, and a spherical support matched with the spherical groove is provided at the lower end of the flexible shell.

6. A method for measuring wind speed and direction, characterized in that: After installing the fluff-type wind speed and direction sensor as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 on the surface of the object to be measured, the object to be measured is placed in a wind field; the fluff element bends and deforms under the action of wind load, so that the inner ring of the wind direction measuring element contacts the outer ring and the center rod of the wind speed measuring element contacts the spiral line, and the resistance values ​​of the wind direction measuring element and the wind speed measuring element are collected; the contact position between the inner ring and the outer ring is obtained through the resistance value of the wind direction measuring element, and the bending direction of the fluff element, that is, the wind direction, is obtained; the contact position between the spiral line and the center rod is obtained through the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element, and the corresponding wind load and wind speed are solved using the contact position between the spiral line and the center rod.

7. The method for measuring wind speed and direction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of solving the corresponding wind load and wind speed by using the contact position between the spiral line and the central rod is as follows: establishing the bending model of the flexible shell under the action of wind load and the bending model of the central rod; using the resistance value of the wind speed measuring element obtained by the acquisition, the contact position of the bending deformation of the flexible shell and the central rod is obtained. According to the contact geometry relationship between the bending deformation of the flexible shell and the central rod, the wind load is solved, and the wind speed is solved according to the wind load on the flexible shell.

8. The method for measuring wind speed and direction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the central rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, and the bending model of the flexible shell is: in: For flexible housing The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The length of the fluff element exposed from the slot; is the average wind load applied to the flexible shell; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the flexible shell; is the elastic modulus of the flexible shell; The elastic modulus of the center rod; is the cross-sectional resistance moment of the center rod.

9. The method for measuring wind speed and direction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the central rod are fixedly connected to the flexible shell, and the stress bending model of the central rod is: in: The center rod The accumulated bending deformation at the location; is the length between the two fixed ends of the center rod; The elastic modulus of the center rod; is the moment of inertia of the central rod; is the section resistance moment of the center rod; The center rod Bending deformation at the location.

10. The method for measuring wind speed and direction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bending deformation contact geometric relationship between the flexible shell and the central rod is: in: is the distance between the inner wall of the flexible housing cavity and the outer wall of the center rod; For flexible housing The accumulated bending deformation at the location; The center rod The accumulated bending deformation at the location.

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