Reference plane conversion method for seismic data imaging and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a datum conversion method for seismic data imaging and electronic equipment. The method comprises the following steps: determining the cmp number and the inline number of a shot point and a detection point according to a seismic data file, and obtaining information for determining a floating reference surface, a ground surface and a cmp reference surface; smoothing the surface elevation on a grid formed by the cmp number and the inline number to obtain a smooth ground surface; data reference surface conversion is performed for any two of the floating reference surface, the ground surface, the cmp reference surface, and the smooth ground surface. A field static correction value is separated into a static correction value generated by surface elevation and a static correction value generated by near-surface factors, the static correction value is used for data reference surface conversion, the static correction value generated by near-surface factors is used for performing static correction on data, mutual conversion of reference surfaces is realized, and a seismic data imaging result can clearly express the effect of the reference surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ground seismic data processing in petroleum geophysical exploration, and more specifically, to a reference plane conversion method and electronic equipment for seismic data imaging. Background Art

[0002] The data collected by ground seismic exploration is processed to obtain images of underground geological structures. Seismic data imaging based on different reference planes is one of the seismic data processing technologies.

[0003] The geological conditions in complex structural areas have destroyed the assumptions of conventional seismic imaging technology. Due to theoretical defects, conventional seismic imaging technology can no longer meet the requirements of structural imaging in complex areas.

[0004] Seismic data imaging achieved on an undulating datum surface (such as the ground surface, etc.) has a good effect on data processing in complex areas.

[0005] Seismic data imaging based on an undulating datum is to process seismic data from different datums. These datums include: ground surface, smooth surface, uniform datum, common center point (CMP) datum, etc. The rationality of datum processing has an important impact on seismic data imaging based on an undulating datum, which involves parameters such as surface elevation and field static correction. However, there is no disclosure of datum conversion methods in the prior art.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a datum conversion method and electronic equipment for seismic data imaging.

[0007] The information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention proposes a datum conversion method and electronic equipment for seismic data imaging, which can separate field static correction quantities into static correction quantities generated by surface elevation and static correction quantities generated by near-surface factors. The former is used for data datum conversion, and the latter is used for static correction of data, thereby realizing mutual conversion of datums and enabling the results of seismic data imaging to clearly express the role of the datum.

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a datum conversion method for seismic data imaging, comprising:

[0010] According to the seismic data file, the cmp number and inline line number of the shot point and the receiver point are determined, and the information of determining the floating datum, the ground surface and the cmp datum is obtained;

[0011] Smooth the surface elevation on the grid formed by cmp number and inline line number to obtain a smooth surface;

[0012] Data reference plane conversion is performed for any two of the floating reference plane, the ground surface, the cmp reference plane and the smooth ground surface.

[0013] Preferably, smoothing the ground elevation on the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number to obtain a smooth ground surface includes:

[0014] A two-dimensional window is formed according to the cmp number and the inline line number, and the smoothed surface elevation is calculated. The grid plane is the smoothed surface.

[0015] Preferably, the smoothed surface elevation is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, H is the smoothed surface elevation, m and n are the smoothed cmp number and inline line number, h is the input surface elevation, j and i are the input cmp number and inline line number, kl is the smoothing radius in the direction of the inline line number, and kc is the smoothing radius in the direction of the cmp number.

[0018] Preferably, the data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the ground surface comprises:

[0019] The field static correction values ​​of each shot point and detection point are found from the grid, the two are summed, and the data reference plane conversion is performed between the floating reference plane and the ground surface according to the summed data.

[0020] Preferably, the data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the cmp reference plane comprises:

[0021] Calculate the two-way static correction of cmp reference surface;

[0022] The floating reference plane and the cmp reference plane are converted into data reference planes according to the two-way static correction amount of the cmp reference plane.

[0023] Preferably, the two-way static correction of the cmp reference surface is:

[0024] t=2*H f -H c ) / v r

[0025] Where t is the two-way static correction of the cmp reference surface, H c is the elevation of the cmp datum, H fis the floating datum elevation, h s is the shot point elevation, h r is the elevation of the receiving point, p is the number of traces in the cmp gather, v r To replace the speed.

[0026] Preferably, the data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the smooth ground surface comprises:

[0027] Calculate static corrections for smooth ground surfaces;

[0028] A data reference plane conversion is performed between the floating reference plane and the smooth ground surface according to the static correction amount of the smooth ground surface.

[0029] Preferably, calculating the static correction amount for a smooth ground surface includes:

[0030] On the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number, the floating datum elevation is subtracted from the smooth surface elevation of the corresponding grid and then divided by the replacement velocity to obtain the static correction amount of the smooth surface.

[0031] Preferably, performing data reference plane conversion on any two of the ground surface, the cmp reference plane and the smooth ground surface comprises:

[0032] Any one of the ground surface, the cmp reference surface and the smooth ground surface is converted into the floating reference surface, and then the floating reference surface is converted into the reference surface of its corresponding target.

[0033] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0034] A memory storing executable instructions;

[0035] A processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the reference plane conversion method for seismic data imaging.

[0036] Its beneficial effects are:

[0037] The present invention uses the static correction amount generated by the surface elevation to complete the mutual conversion between the ground surface, the smooth ground surface, the floating datum and the cmp datum, providing a more reasonable datum for seismic data imaging based on the undulating datum; the static correction amount of the surface elevation is used independently, and the mutual conversion of the seismic data imaging datum can clearly express the effectiveness of the conversion of the undulating datum on the seismic data imaging.

[0038] The methods and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages that will be apparent from, or will be described in detail in, the accompanying drawings and subsequent detailed descriptions incorporated herein, which together serve to explain the specific principles of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the steps of a method for datum conversion of seismic data imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a data reference plane according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0043] To facilitate understanding of the solutions and effects of the embodiments of the present invention, two specific application examples are given below. Those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are only for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the steps of a method for datum conversion of seismic data imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the datum conversion method for seismic data imaging includes: step 101, determining the cmp number and inline line number of the shot point and the detection point according to the seismic data file, and obtaining information for determining the floating datum, the ground surface and the cmp datum; step 102, smoothing the surface elevation on the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number to obtain a smooth ground surface; step 103, performing data datum conversion for any two of the floating datum, the ground surface, the cmp datum and the smooth ground surface.

[0047] In one example, the surface elevation is smoothed on a grid formed by cmp numbers and inline line numbers to obtain a smooth surface, including:

[0048] A two-dimensional window is formed according to the cmp number and inline line number, and the smoothed surface elevation is calculated. The grid plane is the smoothed surface.

[0049] In one example, the smoothed surface elevation is:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, H is the smoothed surface elevation, m and n are the smoothed cmp number and inline line number, h is the input surface elevation, j and i are the input cmp number and inline line number, kl is the smoothing radius in the direction of the inline line number, and kc is the smoothing radius in the direction of the cmp number.

[0052] In one example, the data datum conversion between a floating datum and a ground surface includes:

[0053] Find the field static correction value of each shot point and receiver point on the grid, sum the two, and convert the data datum between the floating datum and the ground surface based on the summed data.

[0054] In one example, data datum conversion between a floating datum and a cmp datum includes:

[0055] Calculate the two-way static correction of cmp reference surface;

[0056] The data datum plane conversion between floating datum plane and cmp datum plane is carried out according to the two-way static correction of cmp datum plane.

[0057] In one example, the two-pass static correction for the cmp datum is:

[0058] t=2*H f -H c ) / v r

[0059] Where t is the two-way static correction of the cmp reference surface, H c is the elevation of the cmp datum, H f is the floating datum elevation, h s is the shot point elevation, h r is the elevation of the receiving point, p is the number of traces in the cmp gather, v r For replacement speed.

[0060] In one example, the data datum conversion between a floating datum and a smooth ground surface includes:

[0061] Calculate static corrections for smooth ground surfaces;

[0062] The data datum plane conversion between the floating datum plane and the smooth ground surface is carried out according to the static correction amount of the smooth ground surface.

[0063] In one example, calculating static corrections for a smooth ground surface includes:

[0064] On the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number, the floating datum elevation is subtracted from the smooth surface elevation of the corresponding grid and then divided by the replacement velocity to obtain the static correction amount of the smooth surface.

[0065] In one example, performing data datum conversion on any two of the ground surface, the cmp datum, and the smooth ground surface includes:

[0066] Convert any of the ground surface, cmp datum and smooth ground surface to a floating datum, and then convert the floating datum to the datum of its corresponding target.

[0067] Specifically, the cmp (common center point) number and inline (the line connecting the cmp number increase or decrease direction) line number of the shot point and the detection point, as well as the corresponding surface elevation, field static correction amount and the datum (floating datum) elevation used to calculate the field static correction amount are read from the collected seismic data file. On the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number, the surface elevation value is obtained at each grid point through interpolation based on the known surface elevations of the shot point and the detection point. Similarly, the field static correction amount and the floating datum elevation value are obtained at each grid point.

[0068] On the grid, the floating datum elevation minus the surface elevation of the corresponding grid is divided by the manually input replacement velocity to obtain the static correction of the surface elevation.

[0069] Smooth the surface elevation on the grid. A two-dimensional window is formed based on the manually input cmp number and inline line number, and the smoothed surface elevation is calculated as:

[0070]

[0071] This grid plane is a smooth surface. On the grid, the floating datum elevation minus the smooth surface elevation of the corresponding grid is divided by the manually input replacement velocity to obtain the static correction of the smooth surface.

[0072] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a data reference plane according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0073] The positional relationship between the floating datum, the ground surface, the cmp datum and the smooth ground surface is as follows Figure 2 As shown, data datum conversion is performed for any two of the floating datum, ground surface, cmp datum and smooth ground surface:

[0074] (1) Convert from floating datum to ground surface. Find the field static correction value of each shot point and receiver point on the grid, sum the two, and move the data back to the ground surface.

[0075] (2) Convert from the ground surface to the floating datum. Find the field static correction value of each shot point and receiver point on the grid, sum the two, and use this value to reverse the data to the floating datum.

[0076] (3) Convert from floating datum to cmp datum. Calculate the two-way static correction of cmp datum:

[0077] t=2*H f -H c ) / v r

[0078] Move the data to the cmp datum surface through the cmp datum surface two-way static correction.

[0079] (4) Convert from cmp datum to floating datum. Calculate the two-way static correction of cmp datum and use the two-way static correction of cmp datum to move the data back to floating datum.

[0080] (5) Convert from floating datum to smooth ground surface. Move the data to the smooth ground surface using the static correction of the smooth ground surface.

[0081] (6) Convert from smooth surface to floating datum. Use the static correction of the smooth surface to move the data back to the floating datum.

[0082] (7) Transform from ground surface to smooth ground surface. Transform from ground surface to floating datum according to (2), and transform from floating datum to smooth ground surface according to (5).

[0083] (8) Convert from smooth ground surface to ground surface. Convert from smooth ground surface to floating reference surface according to (6), and convert from floating reference surface to ground surface according to (1).

[0084] (9) Convert from ground surface to cmp datum. Convert from ground surface to floating datum according to (2), and convert from floating datum to cmp datum according to (3).

[0085] (10) Convert from cmp datum to ground surface. Convert from cmp datum to floating datum according to (4), and convert from floating datum to ground surface according to (1).

[0086] (11) Convert from smooth surface to cmp datum. Convert from smooth surface to floating datum according to (6), and convert from floating datum to cmp datum according to (3).

[0087] (12) Convert from cmp datum to smooth ground surface. Convert from cmp datum to floating datum according to (4), and convert from floating datum to smooth ground surface according to (5).

[0088] Example 2

[0089] The present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes: a memory storing executable instructions; a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the above-mentioned reference plane conversion method for seismic data imaging.

[0090] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.

[0091] The memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0092] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0093] Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus and an interface, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0094] For detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] Those skilled in the art should understand that the purpose of the above description of the embodiments of the present invention is only to exemplarily illustrate the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to any given examples.

[0096] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A datum conversion method for seismic data imaging, characterized in that: include: According to the seismic data file, determine the cmp number and inline line number of the shot point and the detection point, and obtain the information of the floating datum, the ground surface and the cmp datum; Smooth the surface elevation on the grid formed by cmp number and inline line number to obtain a smooth surface; Data reference plane conversion is performed for any two of the floating reference plane, the ground surface, the cmp reference plane and the smooth ground surface.

2. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 1, wherein: Smoothing the surface elevation on the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number to obtain a smooth surface includes: A two-dimensional window is formed according to the cmp number and the inline line number, and the smoothed surface elevation is calculated. The grid plane is the smoothed surface.

3. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 2, wherein: The smoothed surface elevation is: Among them, H is the smoothed surface elevation, m and n are the smoothed cmp number and inline line number, h is the input surface elevation, j and i are the input cmp number and inline line number, kl is the smoothing radius in the direction of the inline line number, and kc is the smoothing radius in the direction of the cmp number.

4. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 1, wherein: The data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the ground surface includes: The field static correction values ​​of each shot point and detection point are found from the grid, the two are summed, and the data reference plane conversion is performed between the floating reference plane and the ground surface according to the summed data.

5. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 4, wherein: The data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the cmp reference plane includes: Calculate the two-way static correction of cmp reference surface; The floating reference plane and the cmp reference plane are converted into data reference planes according to the two-way static correction amount of the cmp reference plane.

6. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 5, wherein: The two-way static correction of the cmp reference surface is: t=2*(H f -H c ) / v r Where t is the two-way static correction of the cmp reference surface, H c is the elevation of the cmp datum, H f is the floating datum elevation, h s is the shot point elevation, h r is the elevation of the receiving point, p is the number of traces in the cmp gather, v r To replace the speed.

7. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 5, wherein: The data reference plane conversion between the floating reference plane and the smooth ground surface includes: Calculate static corrections for smooth ground surfaces; A data reference plane conversion is performed between the floating reference plane and the smooth ground surface according to the static correction amount of the smooth ground surface.

8. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 7, wherein: The static correction quantities for smooth ground surfaces include: On the grid formed by the cmp number and the inline line number, the floating datum elevation is subtracted from the smooth surface elevation of the corresponding grid and then divided by the replacement velocity to obtain the static correction amount of the smooth surface.

9. The datum plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to claim 7, wherein: The data reference plane conversion of any two of the ground surface, the cmp reference plane and the smooth ground surface comprises: Any one of the ground surface, the cmp reference surface and the smooth ground surface is converted into the floating reference surface, and then the floating reference surface is converted into the reference surface of its corresponding target.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor, wherein the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the reference plane conversion method for seismic data imaging according to any one of claims 1-9.

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