A system and method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic evaluation, including a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and a hydrodynamic sampling module; the hydrodynamic sampling module is used to collect water body heavy metal pollution data of the basin to be monitored according to changes in hydrodynamic conditions; the risk assessment subsystem obtains corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the water body heavy metal pollution data; and the monitoring terminal includes a display module and a warning module. The present invention evaluates the ecological risk of heavy metals in the basin to be monitored through the hydrodynamic sampling module, the risk assessment subsystem and the monitoring terminal, wherein the hydrodynamic sampling module can collect water body heavy metal pollution data of the basin to be monitored according to changes in hydrodynamic conditions, realize automatic sampling of water samples under different hydrodynamic conditions, improve the quality of the obtained water sample data, and further improve the accuracy of the evaluation results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal ecological risk, and specifically provides a system and method for evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamics. Background Art

[0002] It is of great practical significance and scientific value to evaluate the risk of heavy metal pollution in the Yangtze River Delta Basin. When evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin, researchers usually collect water body data in the basin and then use existing risk assessment subsystems to process and complete the risk assessment work. For example, a heavy metal pollution risk assessment system proposed in Publication No. CN112907096B discloses that the risk assessment subsystem in this system can construct a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtain corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to multiple pollution data. However, in most systems for evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin, the collection of water body data in the basin usually relies on manual operation or collection by preset collection equipment deep into the basin. Although the above methods can collect water sample data in the basin, due to the significant differences in the distribution and concentration of heavy metal pollutants in water bodies under different hydrodynamic conditions, traditional collection methods cannot achieve water sample collection under different hydrodynamic conditions, and the obtained water sample data is poor, affecting the accuracy of the assessment results.

[0003] A fixed vertical water sample collection device and sampling method based on hydrodynamic changes proposed in CN111307518B can improve the diversity of water body data, but the subsequent detection and analysis still rely on manual operation, which has hysteresis. Moreover, since the sampling tube is in the basin during sampling, it is easily damaged by natural factors such as particulate impact and water flow scouring in the basin. When the sampling tube subsequently leaves the basin upward, the water sample leaks from the outer wall of the sampling tube, affecting the stability of the assessment work. Therefore, we propose a system and method for evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamics to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system for evaluating the heavy metal ecological risk in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamics includes a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic collection module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0007] A hydrodynamic collection module for collecting water body heavy metal pollution data of a watershed to be monitored according to changes in hydrodynamic conditions;

[0008] A risk assessment subsystem for constructing a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data and obtaining corresponding weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the water body heavy metal pollution data; and

[0009] A monitoring terminal, including a display module for displaying the assessment level and a warning module for grading and responding to the assessment level.

[0010] A further improvement is that the hydrodynamic collection module includes:

[0011] An outlet pipe, with several groups of closed members and sampling pipes connected to it respectively on the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the outlet pipe. The closed members and the sampling pipes correspond one by one. A flow velocity sensor is provided on the outer wall of the outlet pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided in the sampling pipe; and,

[0012] A mounting frame is provided above the outlet pipe. The mounting frame is connected to the outlet pipe through a telescopic device. Several groups of detection mechanisms and a controller electrically connected to the flow velocity sensor and the detection mechanisms are provided on the mounting frame. The detection mechanism has a detection end for inserting through the closed member into the sampling pipe.

[0013] A further improvement is that the closed member includes:

[0014] A guiding cylinder, fixedly provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the outlet pipe for the detection end to insert into. Convex parts are integrally provided at both ends of the inner wall of the guiding cylinder; and,

[0015] Two groups of sealing plates I are respectively horizontally attached to the bottoms of the two groups of convex parts for closing the guiding cylinder. The opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates I are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guiding cylinder through elastic resetting members.

[0016] A further improvement is that the hydrodynamic collection module further includes: a leak prevention member; the leak prevention member includes:

[0017] Several groups of sleeves corresponding to the sampling pipes one by one and having a hollow top. A through hole is opened at the bottom of the sleeve, and the sleeve and the sampling pipe have the same height;

[0018] A bottom frame is connected to the sleeve. The bottom frame is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of a support rod connected to the outlet pipe. A liquid discharge port corresponding to the through hole is opened on the bottom frame;

[0019] An elastic ring and a cleaning ring are both provided on the inner wall of the sleeve. The cleaning ring is located above the elastic ring. The inner diameters of the elastic ring and the cleaning ring are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling pipe; and,

[0020] A driving member is provided on the water outlet pipe and connected to the bottom frame, and is used to drive the bottom frame upward so that the sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling pipe.

[0021] A further improvement lies in that two groups of sealing plates II for closing the through port are symmetrically provided in the through port, and the opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates II are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through port through elastic reset members.

[0022] A further improvement lies in that the driving member includes:

[0023] A floating plate is slidably sleeved on the output end of the telescopic device and is located above the water outlet pipe. An activity port for the detection end to penetrate is provided on the floating plate, and a rack is provided at the bottom of the floating plate; and,

[0024] A winding mechanism is rotatably provided on the side wall of the water outlet pipe and meshes with the rack. A pull rope is wound on the outer wall of the winding mechanism, and the pull rope is connected to the bottom frame. When the floating plate moves towards the water outlet pipe, the winding mechanism is driven by the rack to wind the pull rope and pull the bottom frame upward.

[0025] A further improvement lies in that the sampling pipe is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe, and the sleeve is detachably connected to the bottom frame.

[0026] A further improvement lies in that the sampling pipe is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe; a connection base is clamped at the bottom of the outer sleeve, and a hollow threaded column communicating with the through port and the liquid discharge port is provided through the connection base, and the lower end of the hollow threaded column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid discharge port.

[0027] A further improvement lies in that a first annular member is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling pipe and below the water outlet pipe. A male buckle is provided on the first annular member, and a second annular member is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve, and a female buckle adapted to the male buckle is provided on the second annular member.

[0028] A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic evaluation uses the above system and includes the following steps:

[0029] S1: Arrange the hydrodynamic sampling module at a specified position in the basin to be monitored. The hydrodynamic sampling module collects the water body heavy metal pollution data in the basin to be monitored according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the water body heavy metal pollution data to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0030] S2: The risk assessment subsystem constructs a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and according to the water body heavy metal pollution data, obtains corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in different grades through the warning module.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1) The present invention conducts an assessment of the heavy metal ecological risk in the watershed to be monitored through a hydrodynamic collection module, a risk assessment subsystem, and a monitoring terminal. Among them, the hydrodynamic collection module can collect water body heavy metal pollution data in the watershed to be monitored according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, realizing automatic collection of water samples under different hydrodynamic conditions, improving the quality of the obtained water sample data, and further improving the accuracy of the assessment results. Moreover, the hydrodynamic collection module collects the water body in the watershed to be monitored through the water outlet pipe, the sampling pipe, the flow velocity sensor, and the solenoid valve according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions. After collection, the water outlet pipe is driven by a telescopic device, so that the detection end of the detection agency passes through the sealing member and enters the corresponding sampling pipe to detect the water body heavy metal pollution data. It is convenient to use, can quickly obtain the heavy metal pollution data of the watershed water body, reduces the manual labor intensity, and improves the efficiency of the heavy metal ecological risk assessment work;

[0033] 2) The present invention is also provided with a leak-proof member. The driving member in the leak-proof member can drive the bottom frame in the leak-proof member upward, and then the bottom frame drives the sleeve to be sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling pipe. This method can effectively prevent the water sample from leaking out from the outer wall of the sampling pipe when the sampling pipe leaves the watershed, affecting the subsequent water sample detection of the sampling pipe, and ensuring the stability of the assessment work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrodynamic collection module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing member of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the leak-proof member of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, water outlet pipe; 2, mounting rack; 3, telescopic device; 4, sampling pipe; 41, first annular member; 5, guide cylinder; 6, detection agency; 7, solenoid valve; 8, detection end; 9, flow velocity sensor; 10, floating plate; 11, rack; 12, first sealing plate; 13, convex part; 14, leak-proof member; 141, sleeve; 142, through hole; 143, elastic ring; 144, second annular member; 145, cleaning ring; 146, second sealing plate; 147, connection base; 148, bottom frame; 149, hollow threaded column; 15, winding mechanism; 16, pull rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Please refer to the attached Figure 1

[0041] A system for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamics, including a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic sampling module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0042] The hydrodynamic sampling module is used to collect water body heavy metal pollution data of the basin to be monitored according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, and the basin to be monitored is the Yangtze River Delta Basin;

[0043] The risk assessment subsystem is used to construct a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data (the historical data can be collected by the hydrodynamic sampling module within a set time period), and according to the water body heavy metal pollution data, obtain corresponding weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model. For example, the risk assessment subsystem includes a model construction module and a pollution assessment module. The model construction module is connected to the hydrodynamic sampling module, and the pollution assessment module is connected to the model construction module and the hydrodynamic sampling module. The model construction module is used to divide the historical pollution data into a training set and a validation set, and train and adjust the parameters of the convolutional neural network to obtain the corresponding pollution risk assessment model; the pollution assessment module is used to process and assign weights to multiple pollution data, and input the multiple weighted pollution data into the pollution risk assessment model respectively to obtain multiple weighted assessment levels;

[0044] The monitoring terminal includes a display module for displaying the assessment level and a warning module for grading and responding to the assessment level. The display module and the warning module are both conventional devices in the art and will not be described in detail here;

[0045] Among them,

[0046] The hydrodynamic sampling module includes:

[0047] The outlet pipe 1 is Y-shaped and allows the water body in the basin to enter. On the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the outlet pipe 1, several groups of closed members and sampling pipes 4 connected to it are respectively provided. The closed members and the sampling pipes 4 correspond one by one. For example, if there are five groups of sampling pipes 4, there are also five groups of closed members. A flow velocity sensor 9 is provided on the outer wall of the outlet pipe 1. The flow velocity sensor 9 is a conventional device in the art, and its model is selected according to the actual situation and will not be elaborated here. An electromagnetic valve 7 is provided in the sampling pipe 4 to control the entry of the water body; and,

[0048] The mounting bracket 2 is provided above the outlet pipe 1. The mounting bracket 2 can be installed on the bracket fixed in the basin to be monitored or on the device that can move on the water surface. The mounting bracket 2 is connected to the outlet pipe 1 through a telescopic device 3. The telescopic device 3 is, for example, an electric telescopic rod and can drive the outlet pipe 1 to move up and down; several groups of detection mechanisms 6 and a controller electrically connected to the flow velocity sensor 9 and the detection mechanism 6 are provided on the mounting bracket 2. The detection mechanism 6 is, for example, a water quality detector, etc. The controller is used to control the electrical components in the acquisition module, and this controller can be arranged on the mounting bracket 2;

[0049] In this embodiment, the sampling method uses the following steps:

[0050] S1: Set the sampling frequency of the flow velocity sensor 9 to 2 times per second. Number the sampling pipes 4 in sequence, which are M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 in sequence, and the initial is M1;

[0051] S2: The controller analyzes the data transmitted by the flow velocity sensor 9 at the i-th moment;

[0052] S3: Calculate the standard deviation Δ of the two flow velocity data collected at the i-th moment. If Δ≤0.15, do not start the controller to calculate the K value program to achieve the energy-saving effect of the controller, i = i + 1, and repeat step S2; if Δ>0.15, then proceed to step S4;

[0053] S4: The controller further calculates the K value. vi1 and vi2 are two consecutive flow velocity data collected at the i-th moment. If K>2.0, no sampling is performed, i = i + 1, and repeat step S2; if K≤2.0, control the electromagnetic valve 7 of the Mn-th sampling pipe 4 to open the water inlet of the sampling pipe 4 for sampling. After sampling, close the water inlet of the sampling pipe 4 and record the sampling time;

[0054] S5: The controller determines whether the Mp-th sampling pipe 4 is full. If it is not full, enter step S2; if it is full, whether the sampling pipe 4 is the M5-th sampling pipe 4. If so, the sampling ends; if not, then n = n + 1 and enter step S2;

[0055] S6: After sampling, perform detection through the detection mechanism 6.

[0056] The detection mechanism 6 has a detection end 8 for inserting the sampling tube 4 through the closure member. The detection mechanism 6 contacts the water body inside the sampling tube 4 through the detection end 8 for detection.

[0057] Please refer to the appendix Figure 2

[0058] Preferably, the closure member of this embodiment includes:

[0059] A guiding cylinder 5, fixedly arranged on the upper part of the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 1 and for the detection end 8 to be inserted; both ends of the inner wall of the guiding cylinder 5 are integrally and horizontally provided with convex parts 13; and,

[0060] Two groups of first sealing plates 12, respectively horizontally attached to the bottoms of the two groups of convex parts 13 for closing the guiding cylinder 5. The guiding cylinder 5 can be closed through the first sealing plates 12, so that when the water outlet pipe 1 enters the water area, the water body of the water area can only enter from one end of the water outlet pipe 1 and be discharged from the other end. The opposite ends of the two groups of first sealing plates 12 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the guiding cylinder 5 through elastic resetting members. The elastic resetting member includes a rotating shaft and a torsion spring, and is used to drive the first sealing plates 12 to always fit against the convex parts 13 to close the guiding cylinder 5. During detection, the detection end 8 enters the guiding cylinder 5 and squeezes the two groups of first sealing plates 12 to turn downward and open each other, and then the detection end 8 can continue to enter the corresponding sampling tube 4.

[0061] Please refer to the appendix Figure 3

[0062] Preferably, the hydrodynamic collection module of this embodiment further includes a leak prevention member 14, which is used to prevent water leakage from affecting the subsequent detection of the water sample by the detection end 8 due to the rupture or damage of the sampling tube 4 after the sampling tube 4 is separated from the water area;

[0063] The leak prevention member 14 includes:

[0064] A plurality of groups of sleeves 141 corresponding to the sampling tubes 4 one by one and having a hollow top. The bottom of the sleeve 141 is provided with a through port 142. The sleeve 141 has the same height as the sampling tube 4. Since the sleeve 141 enters the water area along with the water outlet pipe 1, the through port 142 can discharge the water body entering the sleeve 141, avoiding affecting the water sample in the sampling tube 4;

[0065] A bottom frame 148, connecting the sleeve 141. The bottom frame 148 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support rod connected to the water outlet pipe 1. The bottom frame 148 is provided with a liquid discharge port corresponding to the through port 142, so that the water body discharged through the through port 142 is discharged through the liquid discharge port again;

[0066] The elastic ring 143 and the cleaning ring 145 are both arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 141. The cleaning ring 145 is located above the elastic ring 143. The inner diameters of the elastic ring 143 and the cleaning ring 145 are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling tube 4. The elastic ring 143 can be made of rubber material. By contacting the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 through the elastic ring 143, when the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 is damaged and leaks water, the water sample in the sampling tube 4 can also be prevented from seeping out from the damaged part. The cleaning ring 145 can be a brush cleaning ring, which has bristles inside and also plays a role in cleaning the sampling tube 4 when the sleeve 141 moves; and,

[0067] The driving member is arranged on the water outlet pipe 1 and connected to the bottom frame 148, and is used to drive the bottom frame 148 upward so that the sleeve 141 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 4, effectively preventing the subsequent detection of the water sample from being affected by the leakage of the sampling tube 4.

[0068] Preferably, in this embodiment, two groups of sealing plates two 146 for closing the through port 142 are symmetrically arranged in the through port 142. The opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates two 146 are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through port 142 through elastic reset members. When the sampling tube 4 enters the sleeve 141, the water body in the sleeve 141 is squeezed, and then the water body drives the sealing plate two 146 to open downward. Subsequently, the water body is discharged from the through port 142 out of the sleeve 141. When the sampling tube 4 contacts the inner wall of the bottom of the sleeve 141, since the water body in the sleeve 141 is discharged, therefore, the sealing plate two 146 is reset under the action of the elastic reset member, so that a closed space is formed in the sleeve 141, thereby preventing the water sample in the sampling tube 4 from leaking out.

[0069] Preferably, the driving member in this embodiment includes:

[0070] The floating plate 10 is slidably sleeved on the output end of the telescopic device 3 and is located above the water outlet pipe 1. When the water outlet pipe 1 enters the water area, the floating plate 10 floats upward on the water surface under the action of the buoyancy of the water body. An activity port for the detection end 8 to penetrate is provided on the floating plate 10. A rack 11 is provided at the bottom of the floating plate 10; and,

[0071] The winding mechanism 15 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the water outlet pipe 1 and meshes with the rack 11. The winding mechanism 15 includes a winch and a gear arranged at one end of the winch and meshing with the rack 11; a pull rope 16 is wound around the outer wall of the winding mechanism 15, and the pull rope 16 is connected to the bottom frame 148. When the telescopic device 3 drives the water outlet pipe 1 upward, the floating plate 10 moves toward the water outlet pipe 1 under its own gravity. When the floating plate 10 moves toward the water outlet pipe 1, the winding mechanism 15 is driven by the rack 11 to wind up the pull rope 16 to pull the bottom frame 148 upward.

[0072] Preferably, the sampling tube 4 and the water outlet pipe 1 in this embodiment are detachably connected, and the sleeve 141 and the bottom frame 148 are detachably connected.

[0073] Preferably, the sampling tube 4 of this embodiment is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe 1. For example, the top end of the sampling tube 4 is provided with an external thread, and the bottom of the water outlet pipe 1 is provided with a threaded hole adapted thereto; a connection base 147 is clamped to the bottom of the sleeve 141, and a hollow threaded column 149 communicating with the through port 142 and the liquid discharge port is provided through the connection base 147. The lower end of the hollow threaded column 149 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid discharge port. It should be noted that the external thread on the outer wall of the hollow threaded column 149 has the same direction as the external thread on the outer wall of the sampling tube 4. By rotating the sampling tube 4 and the sleeve 141, the sampling tube 4 can be separated from the water outlet pipe 1, and the connection base 147 moves downward, so that the sampling tube 4 and the sleeve 141 can be detachably removed to realize replacement, maintenance, etc.

[0074] Preferably, a first annular member 41 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 of this embodiment and below the water outlet pipe 1. A male buckle is provided on the first annular member 41. A second annular member 144 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve 141, and a female buckle adapted to the male buckle is provided on the second annular member 144. Both the male buckle and the female buckle are conventional structures in the art and will not be described in detail herein. After the sleeve 141 is rotated upward to the final position, the sleeve 141 is clamped to the sampling tube 4. When replacing the sampling tube 4 subsequently, only the sleeve 141 needs to be rotated.

[0075] A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic assessment, using the above system, includes the following steps:

[0076] S1: Arrange the hydrodynamic collection module at a specified position in the basin to be monitored. The hydrodynamic collection module collects the heavy metal pollution data of the water body in the basin to be monitored according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the heavy metal pollution data of the water body to the risk assessment subsystem;

[0077] S2: The risk assessment subsystem constructs a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and according to the heavy metal pollution data of the water body, obtains a corresponding plurality of weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in a graded manner through the warning module.

[0078] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic, characterized in that It includes a monitoring terminal, a risk assessment subsystem connected thereto, and at least one hydrodynamic collection module wirelessly connected to the risk assessment subsystem; The hydrodynamic collection module is used to collect water body heavy metal pollution data of the basin to be monitored according to the change of hydrodynamic conditions; The risk assessment subsystem is used to construct a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and obtain a corresponding plurality of weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model according to the water body heavy metal pollution data; And the monitoring terminal includes a display module for displaying the assessment level and a warning module for grading and responding to the assessment level; The hydrodynamic collection module includes: an outlet pipe (1), on the upper and lower parts of the outer wall of the outlet pipe (1), there are respectively provided a number of groups of closures and sampling pipes (4) communicated with it, the closures and the sampling pipes (4) are in one-to-one correspondence, a flow velocity sensor (9) is provided on the outer wall of the outlet pipe (1), and an electromagnetic valve (7) is provided in the sampling pipe (4); and, a mounting frame (2) is provided above the outlet pipe (1), the mounting frame (2) is connected to the outlet pipe (1) through a telescopic device (3), a number of groups of detection mechanisms (6) and a controller electrically connected to the flow velocity sensor (9) and the detection mechanism (6) are provided on the mounting frame (2), and the detection mechanism (6) has a detection end (8) for inserting through the closure into the sampling pipe (4); The closure includes: a guiding cylinder (5), fixedly provided on the upper part of the outer wall of the outlet pipe (1) for the detection end (8) to insert, and convex parts (13) are integrally provided at both ends of the inner wall of the guiding cylinder (5); and, two groups of first sealing plates (12) are respectively horizontally attached to the bottoms of the two groups of convex parts (13) for closing the guiding cylinder (5), and the opposite ends of the two groups of first sealing plates (12) are respectively rotationally connected to the inner wall of the guiding cylinder (5) through elastic resetting parts; The hydrodynamic collection module further includes: a leak prevention member (14); the leak prevention member (14) includes: a number of groups of sleeves (141) corresponding to the sampling pipes (4) one by one and having a hollow top, a through port (142) is opened at the bottom of the sleeve (141), and the sleeve (141) and the sampling pipe (4) have the same height; a bottom frame (148) is connected to the sleeve (141), the bottom frame (148) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support rod connected to the outlet pipe (1), and a liquid discharge port corresponding to the through port (142) is opened on the bottom frame (148); an elastic ring (143) and a cleaning ring (145) are both provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (141), the cleaning ring (145) is located above the elastic ring (143), and the inner diameters of the elastic ring (143) and the cleaning ring (145) are both adapted to the outer diameter of the sampling pipe (4); and, a driving member is provided on the outlet pipe (1) and connected to the bottom frame (148) for driving the bottom frame (148) upward so that the sleeve (141) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling pipe (4); The driving member includes: a floating plate (10) slidably sleeved on the output end of the telescopic device (3) and located above the water outlet pipe (1). An activity port for the detection end (8) to penetrate is provided on the floating plate (10), and a rack (11) is provided at the bottom of the floating plate (10); and a winding mechanism (15) rotatably arranged on the side wall of the water outlet pipe (1) and meshed with the rack (11). A pull rope (16) is wound around the outer wall of the winding mechanism (15), and the pull rope (16) is connected to the bottom frame (148). When the floating plate (10) moves towards the water outlet pipe (1), the winding mechanism (15) is driven by the rack (11) to wind up the pull rope (16) to pull the bottom frame (148) upward.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of sealing plates II (146) for closing the through port (142) are symmetrically arranged in the through port (142). The opposite ends of the two groups of sealing plates II (146) are respectively rotatably connected to the inner wall of the through port (142) through elastic reset members.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The sampling pipe (4) is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe (1), and the sleeve (141) is detachably connected to the bottom frame (148).

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The sampling pipe (4) is threadedly connected to the water outlet pipe (1); a connecting base (147) is clamped at the bottom of the sleeve (141), and a hollow threaded column (149) communicating with the through port (142) and the liquid discharge port is provided through the connecting base (147). The lower end of the hollow threaded column (149) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid discharge port.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein: An annular member I (41) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling pipe (4) and below the water outlet pipe (1), and a male buckle is provided on the annular member I (41). An annular member II (144) is sleeved on the outer wall of the sleeve (141), and a female buckle adapted to the male buckle is provided on the annular member II (144).

6. A method for evaluating the ecological risk of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Delta Basin based on hydrodynamic assessment, using the system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Arrange the hydrodynamic collection module at a designated position in the watershed to be monitored. The hydrodynamic collection module collects the water body heavy metal pollution data in the watershed to be monitored according to the changes in hydrodynamic conditions, and transmits the water body heavy metal pollution data to the risk assessment subsystem; S2: The risk assessment subsystem constructs a pollution risk assessment model based on historical pollution data, and according to the water body heavy metal pollution data, obtains corresponding multiple weighted assessment levels through the pollution risk assessment model, and transmits the assessment levels to the monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal displays the assessment levels through the display module and responds to the assessment levels in different grades through the warning module.

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